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The Membership of Bulgaria in the European Union: Seventeen Years Later : Papers Presented in Bulgarian Language Cover Image

Членството на България в Европейския съюз: седемнадесет години по-късно : Доклади на български език
The Membership of Bulgaria in the European Union: Seventeen Years Later : Papers Presented in Bulgarian Language

Contributor(s): Svetla Boneva (Editor), Paskal Zhelev (Editor), Silvia Kirova (Editor), Elena Simeonova (Editor), Stela Zhivkova (Editor), Ingrid Shikova (Editor), Tatiana Houbenova (Editor), Matilda Aleksandrova (Editor), Virginia Zhelyazkova (Editor), Milen Baltov (Editor), Preslav Dimitrov (Editor), Karim Naama (Editor), Desislava Stoilova (Editor), Georgi Marinov (Editor), Elif Dağdemir Uçkan (Editor), Mirko Tripunoski (Editor), Duško Dimitrijević (Editor), Silvana Jovcheska (Editor), Maia Tripunoska (Editor)
Subject(s): Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, Economy, National Economy, Supranational / Global Economy, Business Economy / Management, Economic policy, Environmental and Energy policy, EU-Approach / EU-Accession / EU-Development, Marketing / Advertising, ICT Information and Communications Technologies, Green Transformation
ISSN: 2815-2719
Published by: Университет за национално и световно стопанство (УНСС)
Keywords: European Union; Bulgaria; EU Policy; International Economics; Innovations; International trade; Sustainability; Energy; Marketing; Business
Summary/Abstract: On 17th October 2024, the 23rd international scientific conference was held, organized by the Department of "International Economic Relations and Business" at the University of National and World Economy. During the conference, traditionally, the topics were related not only to Bulgaria's membership in the European Union, but also covered a wide range of other issues such as politics, economy, sustainable development, decarbonization, trade, marketing, innovation, technology, etc. It was held under the patronage of the Rector of UNWE, Prof. Dr. Dimitar Dimitrov.

  • Page Count: 365
  • Publication Year: 2025
  • Language: Bulgarian
Световната конюнктура и отражението ѝ върху индустриалното производство в ЕС

Световната конюнктура и отражението ѝ върху индустриалното производство в ЕС
(The World Conjuncture and Its Impact on EU Industrial Production)

  • Author(s):Vasil Petkov
  • Language:Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, Economy, Supranational / Global Economy, Business Economy / Management, Economic policy, EU-Approach / EU-Accession / EU-Development
  • Page Range:7-17
  • No. of Pages:11
  • Keywords:world conjuncture; world economy; industrial productions; European Union
  • Summary/Abstract:The purpose of this report is to examine the economic situation in recent years and to underline its influence on the development of the world economy and the economy of the leading countries – USA, China, EU. The interrelationship between the economic and non-economic environmental factors that have the greatest impact on economic activity in the EU will be sought with an emphasis on the German economy and its industrial production. The changes that have occurred in the structure of industrial production in the EU as a general and by various subgroups will be traced. The reasons for the loss of industrial competitiveness will be pointed out and possible solutions will be sought for the return of the lost positions at the international markets. An author's forecast will be made for the future dynamic development of the economic situation and the industrial production in the EU in the short term.
Приложение на търговските модели в икономиките на България и Европейския съюз

Приложение на търговските модели в икономиките на България и Европейския съюз
(Application of Trade Models in Economies of Bulgaria and European Union)

  • Author(s):Irena Nikolova
  • Language:Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, Economy, National Economy, Supranational / Global Economy, Business Economy / Management, Economic policy, International relations/trade, EU-Approach / EU-Accession / EU-Development
  • Page Range:18-25
  • No. of Pages:8
  • Keywords:international trade; export; import; goods; services; trade intensity index
  • Summary/Abstract:The quantitative approach is applied more frequently in determining trends in international trade, through which more specific guidelines can be formed. One of the most applied models for trend analysis is the trade intensity index. The purpose of the paper is to present the international trade models for Bulgaria and European Union in terms of the trade intensity indices and to analyze what the impact on their economies is (on Bulgarian and on European Union).
Завладяване на регулатори от регулирани в постдемократичния Eвропейски съюз и неговите държави членки

Завладяване на регулатори от регулирани в постдемократичния Eвропейски съюз и неговите държави членки
(Capture of Regulators by the Regulated in the Post-Democratic European Union and its Member States)

  • Author(s):Ivka Tsakova
  • Language:Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, Economy, Business Economy / Management, Political Theory, Economic policy, Politics and law, EU-Approach / EU-Accession / EU-Development, Socio-Economic Research
  • Page Range:26-36
  • No. of Pages:11
  • Keywords:post-democracy; EU; neoliberal state; big companies/banks; regulatory capture
  • Summary/Abstract:The paper aims to clarify the regulatory capture in today’s global neoliberal capitalism, when economic power of big capital transforms into political power and exerts a dominant influence on the EU institutions and the ones in the member states alone in post-democracy. The main research method in analysing the capture of the key regulators by the regulated big companies (corporative and financial giants, powerful lobbies) is political-economic. The paper consists of three parts: conceptual framework explaining the problem; origin and development of the regulatory capture in the EU; present-day examples for the capture of key regulators by the regulated big companies in EU and Bulgaria.
Области за развитие при управлението на логистичните разходи

Области за развитие при управлението на логистичните разходи
(Areas for Development in Logistics Cost Management)

  • Author(s):Nikolay Dragomirov
  • Language:Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Economy, Business Economy / Management, Socio-Economic Research, Transport / Logistics
  • Page Range:37-45
  • No. of Pages:9
  • Keywords:logistics; costs; competitiveness; innovations
  • Summary/Abstract:The development of logistics as a competitive weapon is a fact. Nowadays, we are witnessing many good examples of the successful development of logistics competencies in organizations and supply chains. In the implementation of these complex activities, an interdisciplinary approach is increasingly required in the conditions of high intra-company integration. The relationship of logistics with other functional areas is of extremely great importance for achieving better market results. This, on other hand, reveals potential for research aimed at clarifying areas for improving interfunctional interactions. The report aims to summarize the results of previous studies in the field of logistics and supply chains and to define potential areas for development in further research and in the practical management of logistics costs in the direction of increasing competitiveness and implementing innovations. The results of this text can be applied both in a practical aspect and in the direction of expanding scientific research in the field. An integral part of the report is the presentation of the established classification of logistics costs, as well as the concept of total logistics costs. The results of the study define a number of areas related to the pursuit of efficient use of resources, cost analysis, their management, etc.
Инициативата „Европейски университети“ и четворната спирала на българските университети

Инициативата „Европейски университети“ и четворната спирала на българските университети
(The European Universities Initiative and the Quadruple Helix of Bulgarian Universities)

  • Author(s):Denitsa Gorchilova
  • Language:Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, Social Sciences, Economy, Education, Business Economy / Management, Economic policy, Welfare systems, Higher Education , EU-Approach / EU-Accession / EU-Development, Socio-Economic Research
  • Page Range:46-56
  • No. of Pages:11
  • Keywords:еuropean universities; alliances; quadruple helix; mission
  • Summary/Abstract:The European Universities Initiative was launched in 2018-2019 to support the mission of higher education institutions to establish themselves as key actors in solving major contemporary societal challenges and to support the building of sustainable internal, local, national and supranational communities. On the other hand, the topic of the third mission/„quadruple helix“ is established as a significant public expectation for Bulgarian higher education institutions. Some of them have historical experience in this regard; others are making their impact without using the imposed terminological apparatus; others are in the process of clearly foregrounding their third mission. The task of this paper is to review the impact of the European Universities Initiative on selected Bulgarian HEIs in terms of their understanding and practice of the third mission
Поведенските капани в деловите преговори: ако можете да ги назовете, ще можете да ги контролирате

Поведенските капани в деловите преговори: ако можете да ги назовете, ще можете да ги контролирате
(Behavioural Pitfalls in Business Negotiations: If You Can Name Them, You Can Control Them)

  • Author(s):Antoaneta Daneshka
  • Language:Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Economy, Business Economy / Management, Business Ethics, Socio-Economic Research
  • Page Range:57-62
  • No. of Pages:6
  • Keywords:international business; negotiations; behavioural approach
  • Summary/Abstract:The technology of international business operations is a major object of international business. It can be standardized and replicated. However, the soul of international business is business communication, including business negotiations. It is not uncommon for business negotiation skills to be the critical factor for competitiveness in international business. And here the question arises, what is effective business behavior in negotiations? Also, what are the possibilities for effective negotiation in the conditions of bounded rationality of the individual and uncertainty in the environment? The report draws attention to the need to combine the rational approach with the heuristic approach to negotiations. The focus of the study are some of the systematic deviations from the prescriptions of normative models in the negotiation process, also known as ‘behavioral traps’. The methods of literature review, laboratory experiment, analysis and synthesis are applied.
Предпоставки за устойчиви промени в потреблението през последните години

Предпоставки за устойчиви промени в потреблението през последните години
(Prerequisites for Sustainable Changes in Consumption in Recent Years)

  • Author(s):Alexander Hristov
  • Language:Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Economy, Supranational / Global Economy, Business Economy / Management, ICT Information and Communications Technologies, Socio-Economic Research
  • Page Range:63-71
  • No. of Pages:9
  • Keywords:crisis; consumption; consumer behavior; digitalization; online shopping
  • Summary/Abstract:The article outlines the main prerequisites that ensure the sustainability of consumption changes after the pandemic crisis and several related crises thereafter. In order to formulate them, a review of the changes was made and thanks to this, in reverse, common characteristics and reasons that predetermine the sustainability in question were observed. Four prerequisites are outlined – digitalization and digital transformation, development of electronic payments, globalization of consumption and consumer preferences, and predictability of crisis consumption.
Взаимосвързаност на зеления и цифровия преход в ЕС

Взаимосвързаност на зеления и цифровия преход в ЕС
(Interconnection of the Green and Digital Transition in the EU)

  • Author(s):Monika Moraliyska
  • Language:Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, Economy, Business Economy / Management, Economic policy, Environmental and Energy policy, EU-Approach / EU-Accession / EU-Development, ICT Information and Communications Technologies, Green Transformation
  • Page Range:72-82
  • No. of Pages:11
  • Keywords:digital transition; green transition; environmental sustainability; government policy; European Union
  • Summary/Abstract:The green and digital transitions are interconnected drivers of economic transformation in the European Union. Digital technologies facilitate the achievement of the goals of the green transition by improving energy efficiency, optimizing the use of resources and promoting a circular economy. At the same time, the green transition requires digital technologies to become more sustainable and energy efficient. This article reviews the literature and analyzes EU policies, exploring the interrelationships between the two transitions. The main results show that while the two processes are mutually supportive, challenges such as energy consumption in the digital sector and e-waste management can hinder the green transition. Integrated policies are needed that combine technological progress with sustainable EU development.
Дебатът за реформа на ЕС и ролята на Европейския парламент. Българската позиция относно предложенията за изменение на договорите

Дебатът за реформа на ЕС и ролята на Европейския парламент. Българската позиция относно предложенията за изменение на договорите
(The EU Reform Debate and the Role of the European Parliament. The Bulgarian Position on the Proposals to Amend the Treaties)

  • Author(s):Gergana Radoykova
  • Language:Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, Economy, National Economy, Business Economy / Management, Governance, EU-Approach / EU-Accession / EU-Development, Socio-Economic Research
  • Page Range:83-91
  • No. of Pages:9
  • Keywords:European Parliament; Bulgaria; treaties; institutions; reforms
  • Summary/Abstract:In the light of the recent European elections and the beginning of the next institutional cycle, the European Union is experiencing unprecedented challenges, in terms of both legitimacy and accountability of its institutions and in geopolitical aspect. In November 2023, the EP presented a Resolution for amendments of the Treaties, only a few months after France and Germany presented their „Sailing on High Seas“ report – for enlarging and reforming the EU. This paper aims to analyze the main feature of the proposed reforms and focuses on the role of the European Parliament for the institutional building of the EU, as well as Bulgaria’s position regarding these proposals.
Сервитизация и масова къстамизация – приложение в международния бизнес и ефекти върху финансовия мениджмънт на компании от преработващата промишленост

Сервитизация и масова къстамизация – приложение в международния бизнес и ефекти върху финансовия мениджмънт на компании от преработващата промишленост
(Servitization and Mass Customization: Application in International Business and Impact on the Financial Management of Manufacturing Companies)

  • Author(s):Tzvetomir Tzanov
  • Language:Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Economy, Business Economy / Management, Marketing / Advertising, Socio-Economic Research
  • Page Range:92-107
  • No. of Pages:16
  • Keywords:servitization; mass customization; international business; financial management; manufacturing industry
  • Summary/Abstract:Mass customization is a relatively new phenomenon characterized by adapting serial production to the demand of the individual customer. In turn, servitization implies offering products integrated with the provision of services. These approaches are becoming crucial in ensuring successful sales in a digital environment on local and on international markets. The aim of the paper is to clarify the essence, as well as the potential advantages and pitfalls, related to the implementation of both approaches by manufacturing companies. Via a case study methodology, including examples of Bulgarian firms with operations abroad, it has been suggested that the intended value addition to product offerings should be subject to the dynamic fluctuations in demand, otherwise it might be negatively affecting key financial management parameters related to profitability, liquidity and working capital management.
17 години членство в ЕС: незадоволителните икономически резултати на България

17 години членство в ЕС: незадоволителните икономически резултати на България
(17 Years Of EU Membership: Bulgaria’s Unsatisfactory Economic Results)

  • Author(s):Vasil Gechev
  • Language:Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, Social Sciences, Economy, National Economy, Business Economy / Management, Sociology, Evaluation research, Economic development, EU-Approach / EU-Accession / EU-Development, Socio-Economic Research
  • Page Range:108-116
  • No. of Pages:9
  • Keywords:economics; economic development; EU
  • Summary/Abstract:At the time of Bulgaria’s entry in the EU, Bulgarians’ expectations for substantial improvement in their standard of living were high. 17 years later, however, expectations and results are somewhat mismatched. Although after 2007 Bulgaria experienced a faster GDP-per-capita growth than the leading EU economies, in 2023 the differences between Bulgaria’s and their GDP-percapita values were higher than they were in 2007. The aim of this report is to explain the unfavourable development with Bulgaria’s competitiveness deficiencies and higher levels of corruption.
Индикатори в процедурата за макроикономически дисбаланси на ЕС – теоретично и практическо значение

Индикатори в процедурата за макроикономически дисбаланси на ЕС – теоретично и практическо значение
(Indicators In The EU Macroeconomic Imbalances Procedure – Theoretical And Practical Implications)

  • Author(s):Stoyan Shalamanov
  • Language:Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, Economy, Business Economy / Management, Governance, EU-Approach / EU-Accession / EU-Development, Socio-Economic Research
  • Page Range:117-125
  • No. of Pages:9
  • Keywords:european semester; macroeconomic imbalances; macroeconomic indicators
  • Summary/Abstract:This report examines the indicators included in the scoreboard for monitoring macroeconomic imbalances in the European Union. The Scoreboard was established as part of the Macroeconomic Imbalances Procedure to encourage Member States to take timely corrective action when imbalances are identified. The indicators in the scoreboard have been both well received for their early warning qualities and criticised for their complexity, relevance and consistency. This paper aims to look in particular at external imbalances and competitiveness indicators, their theoretical underpinnings and practical relevance.
Оценка на структурна конвергенция на производството на страните от ЦИЕ спрямо Еврозоната

Оценка на структурна конвергенция на производството на страните от ЦИЕ спрямо Еврозоната
(Assessment of Structural Convergence of Production in CEE Countries Towards the Euro Area)

  • Author(s):Silvia Gospodinova
  • Language:Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, Economy, National Economy, Business Economy / Management, Governance, Economic policy, EU-Approach / EU-Accession / EU-Development, Socio-Economic Research
  • Page Range:126-134
  • No. of Pages:9
  • Keywords:convergence rate; beta convergence; fixed effects models; panel modeling
  • Summary/Abstract:The aim of the report is to assess the degree of convergence between the CEE countries and the Eurozone in terms of their production structure for the period 2000 – 2022 using statisticaleconometric methods. This was achieved after the following tasks were solved: the process of convergence through the beta convergence approach was studied, the speed of convergence of the GDP production structure was measured, as well as the time needed to reach convergence with the Eurozone of the studied countries. In this way, an adequate assessment of the degree of convergence of the CEE countries with the Eurozone is achieved. As a result of the study, the presence of convergent trends for some countries and sectors, as well as the absence of such trends for others, is identified.
Влияние на въвеждането на еврото върху някои икономически показатели за Хърватия

Влияние на въвеждането на еврото върху някои икономически показатели за Хърватия
(Impact of the Introduction of the Euro on Some Economic Indicators for Croatia)

  • Author(s):Aglika Kaneva
  • Language:Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, Economy, National Economy, Business Economy / Management, Economic policy, EU-Approach / EU-Accession / EU-Development
  • Page Range:135-143
  • No. of Pages:9
  • Keywords:Croatia; economic indicators; euro area; HICP; GDP per capita
  • Summary/Abstract:In this paper, an analysis of the dynamics of some economic indicators for Croatia in the period before and after its accession to the euro area has been made. The impact of the introduction of the euro on prices has been examined. Croatia's real convergence to the economy of the European Union at the time of euro adoption has been studied.
Стагфлацията в Турция като страна кандидатка за членство в Европeйския съюз

Стагфлацията в Турция като страна кандидатка за членство в Европeйския съюз
(Stagflation in Turkey as a Candidate Country for European Union Member)

  • Author(s):Petya Vasileva
  • Language:Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, Economy, National Economy, Business Economy / Management, Economic policy, International relations/trade, EU-Approach / EU-Accession / EU-Development, Socio-Economic Research
  • Page Range:144-154
  • No. of Pages:11
  • Keywords:stagflation; Turkey; European Union; inflation; recession
  • Summary/Abstract:The slowdown – inflation – stagflation – recession – disinflation diagram remains valid for the world and we are seeing it more and more noticeably for the Republic of Turkey in particular. Currently, the risks and opportunities in the current conjuncture for Turkey need to be well identified and evaluated. The contraction in the countries that are Turkey's main export markets, in particular the Eurozone, the US and the UK, will reduce the growth momentum of Turkish exports, and in this regard, the alternative markets strategy should be better implemented. If a country experiences negative growth for six months, a „recession“ is considered to have occurred. Under normal circumstances, inflation causes growth. If stagnation occurs along with inflation, stagflation is said to exist. We are witnessing the Covid-19 pandemic and the Ukraine-Russia war leading to a recession. It is also a fact that these two factors have also led to inflation at rates not seen in Western countries for forty years. In this case, should we talk about recession or stagflation? The world is not facing a recession, but worse, stagflation. As the Turkish economy struggles with high inflation, it is introduced to new economic concepts: stagflation, contraction inflation, and economic inflation. These concepts express negative effects such as increasing prices, reducing the quality of products and services, reducing weight and size, and slowing economic growth.
Доброволчеството в ЕС: изграждане на солидарна Европа

Доброволчеството в ЕС: изграждане на солидарна Европа
(Volunteering in the EU: Building a Europe of Solidarity)

  • Author(s):Violeta Toncheva-Zlatkova
  • Language:Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, Economy, Business Economy / Management, Civil Society, Governance, Economic policy, Developing nations, EU-Approach / EU-Accession / EU-Development, Socio-Economic Research
  • Page Range:155-166
  • No. of Pages:12
  • Keywords:volunteering; solidarity; volunteer activities; young volunteers; European solidarity corps
  • Summary/Abstract:This report focuses on volunteering in the EU and efforts to build solidarity and develop active citizenship and mutual understanding among young people. It traces the development of the idea of promoting volunteering and the involvement of the European institutions in this process. A comprehensive overview of EU programmes related to volunteering and their transformation over the years is given. Particular attention is paid to the European Solidarity Corps, which is a one-stop shop enabling young people to gain useful experience for their personal and professional development and to express their commitment to their communities through participation in solidarity activities.
Бъдещето на ЕС – сблъсък между хаоса и реда

Бъдещето на ЕС – сблъсък между хаоса и реда
(The Future of the EU – A Collision between Chaos and Order)

  • Author(s):Bianca Tosheva-Pesheva
  • Language:Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, Economy, Supranational / Global Economy, Business Economy / Management, Governance, Economic policy, EU-Approach / EU-Accession / EU-Development, Socio-Economic Research
  • Page Range:167-179
  • No. of Pages:13
  • Keywords:EU; cooperation; sovereignty; global order; global chaos
  • Summary/Abstract:We live in a world consisting of infinite interdependencies, in which even the behavior of a single element in a system can dramatically affect the entire system. The consequences impact negatively the socio-economic balance at local, regional and global level within a short period of time. The compression of time and space, as a result of new technologies, providing the exchange of information in seconds from one end of the world to the other, and the technological progress – creating opportunities, but also threats – can lead to a conscious transformation of countries, in particular of the EU – as a regional economic and political power in the world. Preserving the balance between chaos and order in the Union is a focal point to the report in regards to its successful economic and political development in the 21st century.
Икономически ефекти за България от въвеждането на граничен контрол по сухопътните граници на Унгария

Икономически ефекти за България от въвеждането на граничен контрол по сухопътните граници на Унгария
(Economic Impact on Bulgaria of a Reintroduction of Land Border Controls on the Hungarian Borders)

  • Author(s):Atanas Pavlov
  • Language:Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, Economy, National Economy, Business Economy / Management, Governance, Economic policy, International relations/trade, Security and defense, Socio-Economic Research
  • Page Range:180-190
  • No. of Pages:11
  • Keywords:border controls; Schengen area; Economic implications
  • Summary/Abstract:In 2024 a group of European Parliament members called on the Commission to take measures against Hungary, including possibly excluding the country from the Schengen area. Although a possible exclusion of the country is mostly and highly hypothetical, such topic raises the issue how sensitive is the transport of goods through land borders to the various processes within the Schengen area. Moreover, such sensitivity is especially relevant for Bulgaria as the country still remains outside the so-called land Schengen, the land border controls with other countries still exist and the border waiting time is increasing. The aim of this study is, by applying a developed unified methodology, to evaluate the economic impact on Bulgaria, in terms of exported and imported goods and transport sector, from a potential increase in the border waiting time at the Hungarian land borders.
Ролята на Европейския съюз (ЕС) в глобалната икономика спрямо своите световни конкуренти

Ролята на Европейския съюз (ЕС) в глобалната икономика спрямо своите световни конкуренти
(The Role of the European Union (EU) in the Global Economy in Relation to Its World Competitors)

  • Author(s):Miroslav Varbanov
  • Language:Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, Economy, Supranational / Global Economy, Business Economy / Management, Governance, Economic policy, EU-Approach / EU-Accession / EU-Development, Socio-Economic Research, Geopolitics
  • Page Range:191-204
  • No. of Pages:14
  • Keywords:European Union (EU); economy; agriculture; industry; services
  • Summary/Abstract:This paper describes the development of the European Union (EU), being one of the main economic entities in international economic relations. The main point in it is not only the characterization of the united European economy, but also its comparison with other major economic entities such as the United States of America (USA) and China. The development is made in order to compare the EU with other world economic entities in order to check to what extent this economic community can claim global influence on the international economic scene. The comparison goes through the three main sectors of an economy – agriculture, industry and services.
Фрагментация или интеграция – двустранните сили, оформящи бъдещето на Европейския съюз

Фрагментация или интеграция – двустранните сили, оформящи бъдещето на Европейския съюз
(Fragmentation or Integration – the Two-Sided Forces shape the Future of the European Union)

  • Author(s):Chavdar Raev
  • Language:Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, Economy, Business Economy / Management, Governance, EU-Approach / EU-Accession / EU-Development, Socio-Economic Research, Asylum, Refugees, Migration as Policy-fields
  • Page Range:205-214
  • No. of Pages:10
  • Keywords:fragmentation; integration; nationalism; economic cooperation; migration
  • Summary/Abstract:The European Union (EU) stands at a crossroads, shaped by opposing forces of fragmentation and integration that will determine its future development. The report examines the dynamics between these two-sided forces, which simultaneously threaten to tear the Union apart or push it towards deeper unification. Fragmentation, driven by growing nationalism, economic divergence and political discontent, is challenging the cohesion of the EU, as seen in the rise of populist movements and the different responses to crises such as migration and the COVID-19 pandemic. Conversely, integration efforts, including economic cooperation, political unification and security cooperation, reveal a countervailing force aimed at strengthening the Union. The article analyses key areas where these forces are most pronounced, including economic policy, security and political governance, highlighting the complex interplay that influences policy-making and the EU’s institutional framework. Through case studies and policy actions, the paper argues that the near future of the EU is likely to be shaped by a delicate balance between fragmentation and integration, where strategic choices made in response to current challenges will determine whether the EU emerges as a more cohesive organisation or faces increasing division. This research contributes to the ongoing discourse on the evolution of supranational organisations in an increasingly polarised global landscape.
Войни, кризи и корупция – предизвикателствата пред стабилитета на Европейския съюз

Войни, кризи и корупция – предизвикателствата пред стабилитета на Европейския съюз
(Wars, Crises and Corruption – The Challenges to the Stability of European Union)

  • Author(s):Nadezhda Gendovich
  • Language:Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, Economy, Supranational / Global Economy, Business Economy / Management, Governance, Economic policy, EU-Approach / EU-Accession / EU-Development, Geopolitics
  • Page Range:215-224
  • No. of Pages:10
  • Keywords:war; economy; stability; challenges; EU
  • Summary/Abstract:The aim is to describe the challenges facing the EU in order to effectively face a series of emerging conflicts and crises. The method used is the critical-analytical approach. After the pandemic and the energy crisis, the global situation is changing drastically, which also highlights the following tasks: to determine the growing geopolitical fragmentation and uncertainty in the region. To trace the geopolitical rivalries and upheavals in the neighboring regions, the deep economic and social inequalities. To discuss the situation with the Ukrainian conflict, which has an impact on European security and stability. The conclusion is that Europe is a crisis center of various conflicts, which puts it in front of the challenges of the new era.
Международна сцена: българска икономика в надпреварата за конкурентоспособност в Европейския съюз

Международна сцена: българска икономика в надпреварата за конкурентоспособност в Европейския съюз
(International Stage: The Bulgarian Economy in the Race for Competitiveness in the European Union)

  • Author(s):Dobromira Veleva
  • Language:Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, Economy, National Economy, Supranational / Global Economy, Business Economy / Management, Economic policy, EU-Approach / EU-Accession / EU-Development
  • Page Range:225-234
  • No. of Pages:10
  • Keywords:economic competitiveness; market structure; business relations; innovation climate; global international indices
  • Summary/Abstract:The report, titled International Stage: The Bulgarian Economy in the Race for Competitiveness in the European Union, examines Bulgaria's position within the framework of European economic competitiveness. The primary analysis is based on Porter's Competitiveness Model, which explores the key factors shaping the competitiveness of the Bulgarian economy—market structure, resource availability, innovation capacity, and investment climate. In addition to this analysis, the report includes data from various international indices such as the Global Competitiveness Index, Human Development Index, Corruption Perceptions Index, and Global Innovation Index. These indices provide an objective basis for comparing Bulgaria with other European Union member states, shedding light not only on economic challenges but also on the social and political obstacles the country faces. The report evaluates Bulgaria's opportunities for sustainable development and its ability to adapt to the rapidly evolving global economy within the European Union, aiming to offer insights into improving the country’s position in the European market, with a focus on innovation, business climate, and resource management.
Влиянието на активите под управление във взаимни фондове върху европейската икономика

Влиянието на активите под управление във взаимни фондове върху европейската икономика
(The Impact of Mutual Funds Assets Management on the European Economy)

  • Author(s):Martin Petkov
  • Language:Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, Economy, Business Economy / Management, Economic policy, EU-Approach / EU-Accession / EU-Development, Financial Markets
  • Page Range:235-243
  • No. of Pages:9
  • Keywords:asset management; EU economy; funds management
  • Summary/Abstract:The asset management industry plays a key role in the European economy by transferring capital from individuals’ savings to the real economy, strengthening financial market stability and economic growth across the European Union. With over €29 trillion in assets under management (AUM), Europe is an important global financial center. This paper aims to examine the development of the asset management market in the European Union and Bulgaria as part of it, examining the factors that contribute to both the development of the industry and the impact of investments in Mutual Funds on the real economy. Despite its relatively modest share, the Bulgarian asset management sector reflects the trends of upward growth and development compared to the developed economies in the European Union.
Същност, последици и управление на глобалния риск – неточна информация и дезинформация

Същност, последици и управление на глобалния риск – неточна информация и дезинформация
(Concept, Consequences and Management of the Global Risk – Misinformation and Disinformation)

  • Author(s):Dilyana Dimitrova
  • Language:Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Social Sciences, Economy, Supranational / Global Economy, Business Economy / Management, Communication studies, ICT Information and Communications Technologies, Fake News - Disinformation
  • Page Range:244-251
  • No. of Pages:8
  • Keywords:global risk; misinformation; disinformation; risk management; European Union
  • Summary/Abstract:In the digital era technologies develop with extremely fast paces and are precondition for the inception of new global risks which contribute to the formation of the complex geopolitical and the uncertain macroeconomic environments. Such a risk is the misinformation and disinformation. It is not a new event, however during the digital era it reaches unprecedented scales, reaching wide audience. Misinformation can be focused in wide range of areas, while disinformation is with strategic character and is used for conducting political, ideological or economical purposes, which leads to significant consequences in the named areas. The effective management of the global risk distribution of misinformation and disinformation requires a comprehensive and joint efforts by both national governments as well as the international community.
Участието в третия етап на икономическия и паричен съюз – право и задължение

Участието в третия етап на икономическия и паричен съюз – право и задължение
(The Participation in the Third Phase of Economic and Monetary Union – Right and Obligation)

  • Author(s):Teodora Petrova
  • Language:Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, Economy, Law, Constitution, Jurisprudence, Business Economy / Management, Economic policy, EU-Approach / EU-Accession / EU-Development, Financial Markets, EU-Legislation
  • Page Range:252-261
  • No. of Pages:10
  • Keywords:obligation; derogation; criteria; convergence; Economic and Monetary Union (EMU)
  • Summary/Abstract:With the introduction of the euro as a common currency, the European Union enters the third stage of the Economic and Monetary Union. In order to ensure the sustainability of the single currency and the Union as a whole, Member States must meet the Maastricht criteria set out in union primary law before becoming part of euro area. 25 years after the introduction of the euro in the European Union, only 7 out of 25 Member States are „Member States with a derogation“. This report highlights the temporary nature of the derogation regime and examines the conditions to be met for its repeal. Emphasis is also placed on Bulgaria’s progress on the path to adopting the euro.
Трилеми на паричната и финансовата политика

Трилеми на паричната и финансовата политика
(Trilemmas of Monetary and Financial Policy)

  • Author(s):Elena Dimitrova-Tsoneva
  • Language:Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, Economy, Business Economy / Management, Economic policy, EU-Approach / EU-Accession / EU-Development, Financial Markets
  • Page Range:262-286
  • No. of Pages:25
  • Keywords:trilemma; monetary policy; financial policy; transmission mechanisms; financial stability
  • Summary/Abstract:The policy trilemmas (the ability to achieve only two policy goals among Monetary policy independence, Exchange rate stability and Free capital flows and/or National control over financial policies, Financial integration with the global market, and Financial stability) remain a valid macroeconomic framework which is undergoing development. Financial globalization reduces exchange rate stability and monetary autonomy. An unintended consequence is the increasing exposure of small-open and developing countries to capital flight. Emerging markets often combine their increasing financial integration with significant reserve accumulation as a means of self-insuring their exposures to financial shocks. The global financial crisis demonstrates both the usefulness and limitations of reserve accumulation as a self-insurance mechanism. This paper is an attempt at an in-depth overview of the considerable complexity of the financial system and the importance of the various transmission mechanisms. It confirms the need for a robust framework to guide capital flows and guide national policies and the seriousness of the challenge involved in developing one. The modification of the global financial architecture to meet the challenges of the 21st century is a work in progress, and the expanded and supplemented framework of the classic Trilemma continues to provide important insights into the trade-offs and challenges that policymakers, investors and central banks face in achieving the goals.
Ролята на изкуствения интелект във веригите за доставка на европейските фармацевтични производители

Ролята на изкуствения интелект във веригите за доставка на европейските фармацевтични производители
(The Role of AI in the Supply Chains of European Pharmaceutical Manufacturers)

  • Author(s):Valentin Marinov
  • Language:Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Economy, Business Economy / Management, ICT Information and Communications Technologies, Transport / Logistics
  • Page Range:287-299
  • No. of Pages:13
  • Keywords:AI; supply chain; pharmaceutical
  • Summary/Abstract:With multinational companies increasingly investing in the integration of artificial intelligence into global supply chains, the pharmaceutical industry is no exception. Artificial intelligence is being adopted throughout the supply chain, with the focus of drug and biotech manufacturers at the very beginning of the supply chain, more specifically at the R&D. The use of algorithms in this field is not new and dates to the beginning of our century, but today the pace of development of this type of technology, as well as the effectiveness of its use, are at a completely different level. The purpose of this report is to examine the extent of the integration of artificial intelligence in pharmaceutical supply chains based on the experience of European manufacturers. Research methods include induction, deduction and case study approach. The results show that despite several challenges, the pharmaceutical sector in Europe has successfully integrated AI-based technologies into their supply chains.
Маркетингов микс на висшето образование. Теоретични основи и приложим модел

Маркетингов микс на висшето образование. Теоретични основи и приложим модел
(Higher education marketing mix. Theoretical bases and applied models)

  • Author(s):Ognyan Ognyanov
  • Language:Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Social Sciences, Economy, Education, Business Economy / Management, Sociology, Higher Education , Evaluation research, Marketing / Advertising, Sociology of Education
  • Page Range:300-310
  • No. of Pages:11
  • Keywords:higher education marketing; higher education institutions; marketing mix; student attraction; student retention
  • Summary/Abstract:The article outlines the importance of the marketing mix as a way and means of influence and interaction in order to attract potential students and retain current ones in next educational degree. The aim of the article is based on a critical analysis and synthesis of existing scientific literature in the field of marketing of educational services and in particular of marketing of higher education, to examine the concept of the marketing mix. The object of the development are the higher education institutions, and the subject are their marketing activities to attract and retain students, through the means of readjustment of the marketing mix.
Съвременни подходи при изграждане на отличимост на международна потребителска марка с висока добавена стойност

Съвременни подходи при изграждане на отличимост на международна потребителска марка с висока добавена стойност
(Contemporary Approaches to Building the Distinction of an International Consumer Brand with High Added Value)

  • Author(s):Yavor Karagyozov
  • Language:Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Economy, Supranational / Global Economy, Business Economy / Management, Marketing / Advertising
  • Page Range:311-322
  • No. of Pages:12
  • Keywords:positioning; brand; premium brands; distinction
  • Summary/Abstract:This report examines the various aspects of international brand communication with an emphasis on the significant distinctition of international brands. Contextual relevance is also explored, including definition, category entry points and their relationship to generating growth. The research paper aims to explore and highlight the concepts of brand building and differentiation. The development of an international consumer brand with high added value is a challenge for any business aiming for the global market. To be successful, the brand must be distinctive, meaningful and relevant to the context while ensuring a constant flow of new and satisfied customers.
Мястото на малките модулни реактори в политиката на ЕС за постигане на климатична неутралност

Мястото на малките модулни реактори в политиката на ЕС за постигане на климатична неутралност
(The Place of Small Modular Reactors In EU Climate Neutrality Policy)

  • Author(s):Nikola Petrov
  • Language:Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, Economy, Business Economy / Management, Energy and Environmental Studies, Economic policy, Environmental and Energy policy, EU-Approach / EU-Accession / EU-Development
  • Page Range:323-330
  • No. of Pages:8
  • Keywords:EU; International Economic Relations; National Security; Energy Security; Small Modular Reactors; SMR
  • Summary/Abstract:The purpose of the scientific paper is to present the possibility of using small modular reactors (SMRs) as a mean of achieving the EU's objectives („Fit for 55“, due until 2030) and the EU's main objective of achieving climate neutrality by 2050. A comparative analysis will be made, through the use of qualitative and quantitative methods, to explain to what extent SMR is the appropriate solution for achieving the above-mentioned goals. For that, the scientific article will aim to provide new knowledge and/or methods in the chosen topic.
Устойчивост или заблуда: greenwashing в съвременната икономика

Устойчивост или заблуда: greenwashing в съвременната икономика
(Sustainability or Delusion: Greenwashing in the Modern Economy)

  • Author(s):Daniyl Tanev
  • Language:Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Economy, Business Economy / Management, Marketing / Advertising, Business Ethics
  • Page Range:331-344
  • No. of Pages:14
  • Keywords:greenwashing; sustainability; regulations; corporate social responsibility
  • Summary/Abstract:This report examines the mechanisms of greenwashing, a marketing practice in which companies create a misleading impression of their products or services as environmentally sustainable. The focus is on analyzing the impact of these practices on consumers and society as a whole. The research uses a qualitative approach, looking at several significant case studies, including campaigns by global companies. These cases serve as examples of various greenwashing techniques and their consequences. The analysis includes a comparative review of regulatory responses, public pressure and the effectiveness of existing measures to combat such practices. The report highlights the need for stricter regulatory frameworks to ensure greater transparency and accountability in corporate communication. In addition, the importance of raising awareness among consumers is emphasized in order to minimize the risk of being misled and to stimulate informed choice. The conclusion is that existing measures are insufficient and more action that is decisive must be taken to prevent greenwashing in the future.
Актуално състояние на процеса на интеграцията на Северна Македония в Европейския съюз

Актуално състояние на процеса на интеграцията на Северна Македония в Европейския съюз
(Cost-Benefit Analysis of the Integration of North Macedonia in Europe)

  • Author(s):Zlatko Bakev
  • Language:Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, Economy, National Economy, Business Economy / Management, EU-Approach / EU-Accession / EU-Development, Socio-Economic Research
  • Page Range:345-354
  • No. of Pages:10
  • Keywords:North Macedonia; Copenhagen criteria; European integration; EU; rule of law; corruption
  • Summary/Abstract:The study will assess how Macedonia fulfils the Copenhagen criteria for EU membership. The aim is to analyse progress in democracy, economic stability, and the rule of law and the harmonization of the legislation of the Republic of Macedonia with the EU. The methodology includes documentary analysis. The expected results are an assessment of political and economic achievements, identification of challenges in the fight against corruption and recommendations for strengthening administrative capacity and compliance with legislation.
ОСП на ЕС и развитието на селските райони в България

ОСП на ЕС и развитието на селските райони в България
(The European Union Common Agricultural Policy and the Rural Development in Bulgaria)

  • Author(s):Ivan Stoev
  • Language:Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, Economy, Business Economy / Management, Agriculture, Economic policy, EU-Approach / EU-Accession / EU-Development
  • Page Range:355-364
  • No. of Pages:10
  • Keywords:common agricultural policy; rural regions; European Union
  • Summary/Abstract:The European Union Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) has as its main objective to support agriculture and livestock farming, as well as rural development. The aim of this report is to prove, on the basis of the results of the implementation of the CAP in Bulgaria, that it plays a leading role in the economic and social development of small settlements and rural regions, as well as a decisive role in providing employment and raising the standard of living of the population. On the basis of empirical and statistical information from the implementation of the Rural Development Programme in Bulgaria, a critical analysis is made of the impact actually achieved, both at the time of implementation of the measures from a specific programming period and from a current perspective. Due to the lack of a targeted state policy, the CAP is proving to be a major factor in increasing rural competitiveness at national level.
Търговската политика на ЕС в период на икономически промени: въздействие върху българското селско стопанство

Търговската политика на ЕС в период на икономически промени: въздействие върху българското селско стопанство
(The Trade Policy of the EU in a Period of Economic Changes: Impact on the Bulgarian Agriculture)

  • Author(s):Nikol Kanchev
  • Language:Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, Economy, National Economy, Business Economy / Management, Agriculture, Economic policy, International relations/trade, EU-Approach / EU-Accession / EU-Development
  • Page Range:365-373
  • No. of Pages:9
  • Keywords:trade policy; EU; bulgarian agricultural sector
  • Summary/Abstract:Based on analysis, the present work presents the theoretical and methodological framework of the EU trade policy accompanied by increased relevance towards supporting the sustainability of the agricultural sector. The aim of the study is to identify the effects of trade policy on the development, competitiveness, and sustainability of the Bulgarian agricultural sector. Various research methods were used to achieve the study's objective, including a review of relevant literature, a comparative analysis to present the investigated information, as well as statistical data from Bulgarian and European agricultural enterprises. The collected data was analyzed to determine the positive and negative effects on the Bulgarian agricultural sector, including changes in productivity, income, and employment. The tasks of the work encompass the investigation of a range of indicators for evaluating Bulgaria's agriculture by analyzing the country's general and specific goals regarding modernization and the implementation of integration actions for sustainable farms in the Bulgarian agricultural sector. The results of the study present the positive impact on the development of the Bulgarian agricultural sector, which is associated with the modernization of agricultural technologies, increased yields, and improved product quality. Other positive aspects of the EU trade policy are also presented, such as increasing the sector's competitiveness both in the domestic and international market, allowing farmers and enterprises to meet EU quality standards.
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