Членството на България в Европейския съюз: шест години по-късно

Членството на България в Европейския съюз: шест години по-късно
The Membership of Bulgaria in the European Union: Six Years Later

Contributor(s): Bistra Boeva (Editor), Antoaneta Vassileva (Editor), Dimitar Hadjinikolov (Editor), Mirko Tripunoski (Editor), Ivan Stoytchev (Editor), Iordanka Stateva (Editor), Svetla Boneva (Editor), Georgi Marinov (Editor), Silvana Jovcheska (Editor), Maia Tripunoska (Editor)
Subject(s): Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, Social Sciences, Economy, Law, Constitution, Jurisprudence, National Economy, Supranational / Global Economy, Business Economy / Management, Micro-Economics, Energy and Environmental Studies, Civil Society, Sociology, Economic policy, Environmental and Energy policy, Government/Political systems, International relations/trade, Security and defense, Management and complex organizations, Economic development, EU-Accession / EU-DEvelopment, Financial Markets, Public Finances, Fiscal Politics / Budgeting, Accounting - Business Administration, Marketing / Advertising, Tourism, Human Resources in Economy, ICT Information and Communications Technologies, Socio-Economic Research, EU-Legislation, Geopolitics, Transport / Logistics
Published by: Университет за национално и световно стопанство (УНСС)
Keywords: Bulgaria; European Union; EU Development; Euro Area; Financial Crisis; Fiscal Stability; Banking Sector; Cohesion; Green Economy; EU ETS; Management; Marketing; Tourism; International Trade; International Relations
Summary/Abstract: This book collects scientific papers and reports presented on the conference ‘The Membership of Bulgaria in the EU: Six Years Later’ organized by the International Economic Relations and Business Department at University of National and World Economy (UNWE), Sofia, Bulgaria. The conference, held on 11 October 2013, traditionally provided a stage for prominent academics, dedicated PhD students and professionals to discuss contemporary topics related to multiple aspects of the European integration, its effects on the Bulgarian economy, socio-economic environment, international business and relations, finance and politics. The contributors to this edition discuss the economic and monetary union (EMU) development, the effects on it as a result of the crisis in Cyprus and the progress of the economy in the Southern Europe, the multiannual financial framework of the EU for 2014-2020, Cohesion and industrial policy. Another group of articles are dedicated to the competitiveness of the national economy and companies, the regional economic development and measures to enhance it, an analysis on specific market segments is conducted by several authors – related to the aviation, tourism, food and beverage industry, agriculture as well as behavioural aspects of the households’ purchasing decisions.Among the research topics are analysis on the banking union of the EU, emerging matters such as green economy and the EU emission trading system, ongoing trends in the global trade and international relations. ‘The Membership of Bulgaria in the EU: Six Years Later’ is an annually organized academic event with the vision to foster open dialogue, offer contemporary research and exchange of ideas between fellow academics, policy makers, businesses, stakeholders and the public.

Print-ISBN-13: 978-954-644-665-7
Page Count: 356
Publication Year: 2014
Language: English, Bulgarian

Позицията на Германия в Европейския паричен съюз - причини и последствия

Позицията на Германия в Европейския паричен съюз - причини и последствия
(The Position of Germany in the European Monetary Union)

Author(s):Iordanka Stateva
Language:Bulgarian
Subject(s):Economy, Supranational / Global Economy
Page Range:9-14
No. of Pages:6
Keywords:Germany; European Union; Economic and Monetary Union; European Monetary Union
Summary/Abstract:In the process of looking for solutions for the debt crisis in the European Monetary Union, leading is the standpoint of Germany. In fact Germany is the country that has the potential – economic and political – to influence in the greatest degree the developments in the monetary union. Despite disagreements of other countries in the eurozone with German positions, there is something that renders them exceptional strength and it is the successful economic model of Germany. An important factor in this respect is the significant dependence of the monetary union and European Union as a whole on the German economy. The material analyzes the reasons and consequences of the dominant German standpoint concerning the problems in the eurozone. The reasons for the dominant position of Germany are economic, as well as political. The consequences can be defined as contradictory.

Гражданското общество в България – шест години след европейското членство

Гражданското общество в България – шест години след европейското членство
(Bulgarian civil society – six years after the membership in the European Union)

Author(s):Ivka Tsakova
Language:Bulgarian
Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, Civil Society, EU-Accession / EU-DEvelopment
Page Range:15-21
No. of Pages:7
Keywords:Bulgarian Civil Society; Democratization; Bulgarian Transition; European Membership
Summary/Abstract:In theoretical perspective, civil society is related to the democracy issue, and more specifically to the democratization processes – political, economic and socio-cultural. The content of the paper is structured in three parts: 1) The discourse of civil society throughout the years of the Bulgarian transition; 2) New focuses on the Civil society building and Democracy building in Bulgaria since 2007; 3) The citizen protests in 2013 and the emergence of a new, more authentic civil society in our country as an EU member.

Конкурентоспособността на Европейските страни в световната икономика

Конкурентоспособността на Европейските страни в световната икономика
(Competitiveness of the European Countries in the World Economy)

Author(s):Silvana Jovcheska, Natka Jankova
Language:English
Subject(s):Economy, Supranational / Global Economy
Page Range:22-26
No. of Pages:5
Keywords:Cross-Cultural Differences; Training; Contemporary Management Practices; Human Recourses Management; Intercultural Communication
Summary/Abstract:The Balkan countries entrance in the family called European Union meant and still means a challenge for the managers who worked only locally up to that moment to focus their work and the effective entrance on the European land, taking the risk which daily involves the permanently changing global surrounding. But, the same challenge raises the question whether those domestic managers are competitive on European ground i.e. to what extend their: knowledge, interests and skills can be competitive out of their mother country. This implies a situation in which the manager, who had a home career and is interested in career in the European Union, is competitive in terms of: the extend to which he/she is professionally aware of management, which are his/her managing inclinations and strains, how big are his/her computer skills, the knowledge of foreign languages including the host country language, the extend of adjustment and awareness of a new surrounding etc. The adjustment is connected with the willingness of the candidate and the member of "his family" to adjust to different culture and a new surrounding. There are different ways and trainings which are used around the world for overcoming cross-cultural differences aimed at adjustment of the selected candidates in the new surrounding. Since all international business corporations are connected with communication, a knowledge of intercultural communication and international business communication are of a huge significance in order to prepare business people to compete successfully in international environments, in this case the European environment. This paper is inspired by the positive dynamics of applying the contemporary practices in the management of domestic and International Corporation in the Balkan countries in order to accomplish competitive qualities for the European market. The paper strives to note the main benefits from accepting the contemporary management practices underlining the cross-cultural training of the contemporary management and the importance of studying intercultural communication.

Две дилеми на хармонизацията на сръбската външна политика общата външна политика и политиката на сигурност на ЕС

Две дилеми на хармонизацията на сръбската външна политика общата външна политика и политиката на сигурност на ЕС
(Two Dilemmas of Serbia’s Foreign Policy Harmonization with Common Foreign and Security Policy of the European Union)

Author(s):Vladimir Trapara
Language:English
Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, International relations/trade, Security and defense, EU-Accession / EU-DEvelopment
Page Range:27-33
No. of Pages:7
Keywords:EU; Serbia; CFSP; Foreign Policy; Harmonization; National Interest
Summary/Abstract:EU accession is among the key priorities of Serbia’s foreign policy. In order to become an EU member, Serbia has to meet many conditions, including the harmonization of its foreign policy with the EU’s Common Foreign and Security Policy. Yet it is not such a simple task, given the contradictions of the CFSP itself, as well as the unique characteristics of Serbia’s international position and its national interests. This causes two interesting dilemmas. First, to harmonize one country’s foreign policy with the CFSP, means to harmonize it with something which is not harmonized within itself. The main reason behind this is the fact that the EU is not a single state; therefore it is not a unitary rational actor in a traditional sense. Neither is it a typical international institution. In fact, it is sui generis international relations actor, "stuck" between an international institution and a state, as the result of factors that influenced its complex historical development. This has two consequences. One is a rivalry between the leading countries of the EU regarding the CFSP decision-making process, which resulted in the creation of overlapping blocs of members with different foreign policy visions. The other is decreasing of both the EU and its members’ influence in world politics, even in its own neighborhood, in comparison to some great and regional powers whose actions are not constrained by membership in some supranational entity (above all, the United States, China, Russia, and Turkey). Second, there are four specific issues in Serbia’s foreign policy, which make harmonization with the CFSP without harming the country’s national interests difficult. The first one is Kosovo problem, where he majority of the EU members recognize unilaterally proclaimed independence of Kosovo, while European bureaucracy and political leaderships of the main members put pressure on Serbia to accept unfavorable final solution to the problem. The second one is possible forced NATO membership for Serbia, where it is not clear whether it will be required as one of the conditions for the EU accession. The third issue is of good neighborly relations in the Western Balkans region, where there is suspicion that some requirements unacceptable to Serbia (such as distancing from the Republic of Srpska) could be hidden under the guise of this phrase. Finally, there is issue of Serbia’s relations with some non-European powers, which may be jeopardized as the result of its foreign policy harmonization with the CFSP. In order to effectively harmonize its foreign policy with the CFSP, Serbia should firstly harmonize it with its own national interest, by formulating strong and clear goals regarding the four mentioned issues, which would comply with this interest. Afterwards, it should look for allies and partners among the EU members and blocs, as well as the influential non-European actors, whose interests are compatible with Serbian one regarding each of the issues separately. If harmonization of the country’s foreign policy with the CFSP after this procedure proves to be impossible, Serbia should place its national interest above the EU membership.

Съпоставка на търсенето на местно и вносно вино у нас

Съпоставка на търсенето на местно и вносно вино у нас
(A Comparative Study of Demand for Local and Foreign Wines in Bulgaria)

Author(s):Georgi Marinov, Petyo Boshnakov
Language:Bulgarian
Subject(s):Economy, National Economy, Micro-Economics, Marketing / Advertising
Page Range:34-39
No. of Pages:6
Keywords:Wine; Bulgaria; Consumer Preference; Semantic Differential
Summary/Abstract:We use a semantic differential based instrument to assess the main factors in demand attitudes of Bulgarian customers. We aim to find out whether specific marketing techniques could alter the demand for such a traditional product as the wine in Bulgaria. Given the fact that the Bulgarian customer only recently received the possibility to know them, we find that foreign wines are evaluated mainly with a prejudice of past knowledge, not linked to the actual product. We discover a rigidity in such prejudice and adhering to "standard" definitions of "prestige" and quality of wines. Most likely demanded in Bulgaria will continue to be mainly Bulgarian wines.

Сравнителен анализ на инвестициите в туризма в България и в останалите страни-членки на EC

Сравнителен анализ на инвестициите в туризма в България и в останалите страни-членки на EC
(Comparative analysis of investments in tourism in Bulgaria and in the other EU member states)

Author(s):Elena Petkova
Language:Bulgarian
Subject(s):Economy, National Economy, Tourism
Page Range:40-48
No. of Pages:9
Keywords:Investments; Tourism; Bulgaria; EU; Competitiveness
Summary/Abstract:The aim of the paper is a comparative analysis of capital investments in tourism sector between Bulgaria and the other member-states of European Union to be presented. In this regard, firstly, the significance of investments for competitiveness improvement of tourism sector of a country is revealed. Then, using the appropriate indicators, tourism investments in Bulgaria are compared to those of the other member states of EU. A particular attention has been paid to the comparison between Bulgaria and some other specific EU countries, which are direct competitors of Bulgaria in terms of the national tourist markets they are trying to attract and the tourism products they are offering that are the same as those of Bulgaria. Finally, some conclusions are drawn and recommendations are given, which correspond to the overall study presented in the publication.

Конкурентоспособност на българското стопанство - конкурентни предимства и недостатъци (Анализиране с TOWS матрица)

Конкурентоспособност на българското стопанство - конкурентни предимства и недостатъци (Анализиране с TOWS матрица)
(The Competitiveness of the Bulgarian Economy – Competitive Advantages and Disadvantages (TOWS Matrix Analysis))

Author(s):Maria Marikina
Language:Bulgarian
Subject(s):Economy, National Economy
Page Range:49-58
No. of Pages:10
Keywords:National Competitiveness; Global Competitiveness Index; TOWS Strategic Alternatives Matrix
Summary/Abstract:This paper is dedicated to the economic aspects of the competitiveness in the Bulgarian economy. The research employs TOWS Matrix Analysis as a methodology to analyze the advantages and the challenges to the Bulgarian economy. It reviews country’s performance according to the Global Competitiveness Index. The author reviews the competitiveness of the Bulgarian economy considering the following circumstances – dissatisfactory competitiveness performance according to international indexes and comparative studies; Bulgarian commitments to the EU towards improvement of the competitiveness on a national level; implications of the global financial and economic crisis on the Bulgarian economy.

Въздействието на международните цени на зърно върху българския зърнен пазар

Въздействието на международните цени на зърно върху българския зърнен пазар
(Impact of International Prices of Corn on the Bulgarian Corn Market)

Author(s):Anton Kostadinov
Language:Bulgarian
Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, Economy, National Economy, Supranational / Global Economy, International relations/trade
Page Range:59-68
No. of Pages:10
Keywords:Subsidies; International Trade; World Food Supply
Summary/Abstract:The first decade of the 21st century was accompanied by increased price volatility and price spikes in commodity markets. This caused a chain reaction in the world economy. The changes that took place had not only an economic but also a social dimension. Price volatility is expressed through the transfer of uncertainty from the financial sector to other sectors of the global economy. At the time of the collapse of the capital markets, commodities recorded record turnovers. New financial instruments have appeared to allow the avalanche-like increase in the positions of institutional speculators in commodity markets. In the short term, increased uncertainty is crucial for the price stability of the food. For example, through its impact mechanisms, climate change may cause another 115 million people worldwide to face chronic hunger and reach a total of more than 700 million people. For our country, the volatility of grain prices is of strategic importance.

Промяна в конкурентната среда за опериране на българските пътнически авиокомпании след началото на членството на България в Европейския съюз

Промяна в конкурентната среда за опериране на българските пътнически авиокомпании след началото на членството на България в Европейския съюз
(Change in the Competitive Environment of Bulgarian Air Carriers After the Membership of Bulgaria in the EU)

Author(s):Yovko Yotsev
Language:Bulgarian
Subject(s):Economy, National Economy, Transport / Logistics
Page Range:69-74
No. of Pages:6
Keywords:Low Cost Carrier; Freedoms Of the Air
Summary/Abstract:The membership of Bulgaria in the European Union opened new opportunities before the Bulgarian airlines to participate on the European air passenger market. The barriers before the flights of our air carriers to all EU members were lifted. At the same time the European air carriers also gained full access to the Bulgarian market. Low-cost air carriers were the ones to benefit the most from this circumstance. Over the last few years many bilateral agreements for air transport with third countries were re-negotiated, this time on behalf of the EU itself. This brought new market opportunities for us, but our carriers are now facing significant competitive pressure on routes from Bulgaria to third countries, on which not long ago they were shielded by the clauses of the bilateral agreement between our country and the respective third country. The six years since the beginning of the Bulgarian membership in the EU did not wipe out Bulgarian carriers from the market but made them more competitive and inventive.

Анализ на потребителските нагласи при покупка на плодове и зеленчуци

Анализ на потребителските нагласи при покупка на плодове и зеленчуци
(Analysis of the Consumer Expectations in Fruits and Vegetables Purchasing)

Author(s):Iglika Slavcheva
Language:Bulgarian
Subject(s):Economy, National Economy, Agriculture
Page Range:75-80
No. of Pages:6
Keywords:Consumer Preferences; Import; Fruits and Vegetables
Summary/Abstract:The report aims to analyze the attitudes of consumers in our country when buying Bulgarian and imported fruits and vegetables. The topic is relevant given the annual discussions about domestic production,its prices, the role of the state as a supporting and regulatory body, etc. The aim is to reveal the factors that motivate the preferences for purchases in Bulgarian or imported products respectively. The report presents official statistics, results of a survey, as well as relevant information on the topic. The conclusion summarizes the main conclusions.

Конкурентни предимства на българското земеделие – потенциал и перспективи

Конкурентни предимства на българското земеделие – потенциал и перспективи
(Competitive Advantages of Bulgarian Agriculture – Potential for Development and Perspectives)

Author(s):Emilia Hristova
Language:Bulgarian
Subject(s):Economy, National Economy, Agriculture
Page Range:81-87
No. of Pages:7
Keywords:EU; Competitive Advantages; EU Subsidies; Agricultural Production
Summary/Abstract:In a market economy Bulgarian agriculture is under constant external competitive pressures. During the programming period 2007 to 2013. Agricultural production is subsidized, but sensitive to changes in competitiveness were only in grain production. In other sectors there is no progress. The purpose of this publication is to identify policy options, strategies, factors and approaches to achieve competitive advantages of Bulgarian agricultural production.

Потребителските предпочитания към бирата в България

Потребителските предпочитания към бирата в България
(Consumer Preferences for Beer in Bulgaria)

Author(s):Denitsa Koseva
Language:Bulgarian
Subject(s):Economy, National Economy, Marketing / Advertising
Page Range:88-95
No. of Pages:8
Keywords:Consumer Preference; Beer; Bulgaria; Beer Production
Summary/Abstract:This paper discusses the evolution of the beer and consumer interest towards this beverage. It provides brief overview of the beer production in Bulgaria. It explores consumer preferences in the country through a questionnaire, a summary of the statistical analysis is available in the article.

Роли на съпрузите при вземане на решение за покупка на основни продуктови групи

Роли на съпрузите при вземане на решение за покупка на основни продуктови групи
(Roles of Husbands in Decision-Making for Purchases of Basic Commodity Groups)

Author(s):Irina R. Kancheva, Georgi Marinov
Language:Bulgarian
Subject(s):Social Sciences, Economy, Gender Studies, Sociology, Socio-Economic Research
Page Range:96-103
No. of Pages:8
Keywords:Marital Roles; Family Purchase Decision; Family Decision-Making
Summary/Abstract:Family decision-making is an area of interest for a wide specter of social sciences. Over the last few decades an extensive amount of research have been aimed at various dimensions of family purchasing behavior. The division of parts played by family members is the cornerstone for understanding the complex nature of family decision processes. This paper is focused on spouses’ perception of marital role distribution in family decision-making. The role specialization of husbands and wives at three stages of family decision making process was examined across 22 product categories, using a convenience sample of 114 wives and 101 husbands from different families.

Въздействието на социалните медии върху набирането на персонал в организациите

Въздействието на социалните медии върху набирането на персонал в организациите
(The Impact of Social Media on Personnel Recruitment in the Organizations)

Author(s):Kiril Dimitrov
Language:Bulgarian
Subject(s):Economy, Human Resources in Economy, ICT Information and Communications Technologies
Page Range:104-114
No. of Pages:11
Keywords:Human Resource Management; Human Capital; Corporate Culture; IT Management
Summary/Abstract:This report reveals important specifics in employee recruitment by means of social media. The contradictory role of the last in relation to improving company’s position in the strenuous talent war on the contemporary labor market is discussed. Social media are considered as a strategic management instrument in the firm too.

По въпроса за формирането на интереса на фирмата към външния пазар

По въпроса за формирането на интереса на фирмата към външния пазар
(On the Company Orientation to the Foreign Markets)

Author(s):Oleg Lozanov
Language:Bulgarian
Subject(s):Economy, Business Economy / Management, Micro-Economics
Page Range:115-124
No. of Pages:10
Keywords:Internationalization; Market Access; Foreign Market;
Summary/Abstract:This paper analyses the process of expanding company’s interests on international markets. The process of internationalization is essential to continue the business activities of an entity and specific factors shall be evaluated as part of the decision-making process. The motives for orientation to foreign markets could be market share expansion, economies of scale and competitive advantages, geographical diversification and country-specific risk mitigation, access to resources and knowledge, etc. The author notes challenges to the internationalization of the companies as well as preparedness for de-internationalization as a possible scenario.

Държавната политика в областта на обществените поръчки шест години след присъединяването на България към Европейския Съюз

Държавната политика в областта на обществените поръчки шест години след присъединяването на България към Европейския Съюз
(State Policy in the Field of Public Procurement: Six Years After the Accession of Bulgaria in the EU)

Author(s):Ilonka Goranova
Language:Bulgarian
Subject(s):Law, Constitution, Jurisprudence, EU-Legislation
Page Range:125-132
No. of Pages:8
Keywords:Public Funds; Public Procurement; The Principle Of Publicity And Transparency; Buyer Profile
Summary/Abstract:The subject matter of the present report concerns the amendments and supplements to the Public Procurement Act which were proposed by the Council of Ministers of the Republic of Bulgaria on 28 August 2013, with regard to ensuring the publicity and transparency in the award of public contracts, as well as in the implementation and completion of concluded contracts, for the purpose of safeguarding the public interest. In order to ensure full publicity with reference to public spending, it is provided that an obligation should be imposed on contracting authorities, namely, to maintain a "buyer profile" as a separate part of their website, or of another web address, and publish on it any (in practice, almost all) kinds of documents and information related to the public procurement that each of them assigns. The failure to publish, respectively, the failure to publish within the defined period, the documents and the information that is supposed to be entered in the buyer profile shall constitute an administrative offense for which the contracting authorities shall be subject to bearing administrative liability.

Ефективно управление на проекти в сферата на културата - по примера на Програмата за трансгранично сътрудничество „Адриатика”

Ефективно управление на проекти в сферата на културата - по примера на Програмата за трансгранично сътрудничество „Адриатика”
(Project Management Efficiency of Cultural Projects: Case Study of IPA Adriatic Cross-Border Cooperation Programme)

Author(s):Vesselina Dimitrova, Petyo Boshnakov
Language:Bulgarian
Subject(s):Economy, Supranational / Global Economy, Business Economy / Management
Page Range:133-139
No. of Pages:7
Keywords:Cross-Border Cooperation; Cultural Projects; Adriatic Cross-Border Cooperation Programme
Summary/Abstract:This report aims to provide an assessment of the results of cultural projects. The subject of the study is a cross-border cooperation program, in particular the one for the Adriatic region, and a specific object of study is the effectiveness of the Archeo’s project, which completed its main project activities in August 2013. The report is divided into two parts. The first is dedicated to the place of culture in the Adriatic cross-border cooperation program, the second - to the presentation and concrete effectiveness of the Archeo’s project in terms of the main phases of project implementation. In conclusion, summaries are made of the effectiveness of cultural projects subject to cross-border cooperation.

Кризата в Кипър – отражение на значимите проблеми на икономическия и паричен съюз в Европа

Кризата в Кипър – отражение на значимите проблеми на икономическия и паричен съюз в Европа
(The Crisis in Cyprus – A Reflection of the Major Problems of the EU Economic and Monetary Union)

Author(s):Silvia Kirova
Language:Bulgarian
Subject(s):Economy, National Economy, Supranational / Global Economy, Financial Markets
Page Range:140-149
No. of Pages:10
Keywords:Crisis; Economic and Monetary Union
Summary/Abstract:Since 2009 the Economic and Monetary Union is in an unprecedented crisis. Several countries, amongst which Cyprus, suffered severe debt problems and were forced to look for official financial assistance. But the crisis can not be defined simply as a debt or economic crisis. This is a crisis of the design of the Economic and Monetary Union which disclosed the significant defects and omissions in the union’s infrastructure in the first decade of its existence. This article aims to look at the crisis developments in Cyprus as a reflection of the significant problems of the Economic and Monetary Union in Europe.

Кризата и перспективите за повишаване на конкурентоспособността на предприятията в Южна Европа

Кризата и перспективите за повишаване на конкурентоспособността на предприятията в Южна Европа
(The Crisis and the Perspectives for Enhancement of Competitiveness of the Companies in the South Europe)

Author(s):Nadezhda Ivanova
Language:Bulgarian
Subject(s):Economy, Supranational / Global Economy
Page Range:150-164
No. of Pages:15
Keywords:Competitiveness; Competitiveness Policy; Southern Member-States; Economic Crisis; Business Environment; Prospective For Competitive Growth
Summary/Abstract:Since more than five years the European Union is facing the most serious challenge from the date of its foundation. The crisis that had started as financial far in USA, turned into economic in the Old Continent causing the greatest registered for at least 50 years drop in export, production and employment in the Member States. In May 2013 the European Commission once again cut its gross domestic product forecast for 2013 and 2014 for the Euro zone and for the EU as whole. Presented data emerges as critical the region of Southern Europe, where from one side are located not just the most affected so far by the crisis European countries, but the countries with the worst forecasts regarding the growth of their NGDP, and the countries with the lowest GDP per capita. Exactly from the state and the ability of these most problematic countries to cope with the crisis will depend the future of the EU and of the Euro zone. The aim of the following research paper is to present the state of the business environment five years after the beginning of the crisis, the most general reasons for this state and the perspectives for positive change in the context of the conditions for enhancement of competitiveness of the companies in the most problematic for EU region – the South European Member States. The research is accomplished by systematization and generalization of secondary data from the most popular periodical international comparative studies of the competitiveness indicators, in which are present results for the countries from the region. Among the main results of the research are definition of the group of the "Southern EU Member-States" in competitiveness context, as well as the classification in groups and systematization of these states according to the main present challenges for competitiveness of the environment and the perspectives for competitive growth and development in middle term.

Роля на африканските държави в Световната търговска организация – актуални тенденции

Роля на африканските държави в Световната търговска организация – актуални тенденции
(Role of African Countries in World Trade Organization)

Author(s):Borislava Galabova
Language:Bulgarian
Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, Economy, Supranational / Global Economy, International relations/trade
Page Range:165-175
No. of Pages:11
Keywords:World Trade Organization (WTO); African Countries; International Commerce; Trade Opening; Economic Development; Developing Countries
Summary/Abstract:The purpose of the current report is to study in common what is the actual role of the African countries in the World Trade Organization (WTO). The organization was founded on the 1 of January 1995 and is one of a kind. It is an organization for trade opening and a forum for governments to negotiate trade agreements. It regulates the trade between members and operates a system of trade rules. The goal of the organization is to create a better and more integrated international trade system. The WTO is supposed to help the progress of free trade and all the members should take real benefits from this. The World Trade Organization has 159 members and a great number are countries from Africa. Mainly because of this, there is a necessity to observe and examine the actual state and role of these countries in the WTO in terms of constantly changing international trade situation and the global economy.

Перспективи и предизвикателства пред създаването на банков съюз в ЕС

Перспективи и предизвикателства пред създаването на банков съюз в ЕС
(Perspectives and Challenges for the Establishment of a Banking Union in the EU)

Author(s):Kaloyan Simeonov
Language:Bulgarian
Subject(s):Economy, Supranational / Global Economy, Financial Markets
Page Range:176-190
No. of Pages:15
Keywords:Banking Union; Regulation; Crisis; Euro Area; Reform
Summary/Abstract:After the beginning of the last economic and financial crisis that started in the period 2007-2008 and is continuing to affect the global and the EU financial markets, the European Union has initiated series of regulatory reforms in order to overcome the effects of the crisis and to attempt to prevent future similar crisis. One of these reforms is the establishment of the Banking Union predominantly in the Euro area. The establishment of the Banking Union has many advantages and perspectives in relation to the EU integration process in the banking area. It aims to foster the stability in the EU banking system, to restore the investor and the consumer confidence that were weakened by the recent crisis, to complete the EU rules that were adopted and implemented so far for the performing of banking services within the Union. However, the project for reforms through creation of a Banking Union is not without some serious challenges. Some of the most important challenges are related to the scope of the new reform as the Banking Union will not cover all the EU Member States which may jeopardise the smooth functioning of the EU Single Market on banking services. Other challenges are the timing, the legal and institutional framework. Last but not least, the Banking Union will soon face the challenge to become not only "too big to fail" but also "too dangerous to fail". Notwithstanding the fact that it is not expected Bulgaria to join soon the Banking Union by joining the Euro area or through the so called "close cooperation", the creation of the Banking Union will also have an influence on it.

Развитие на износa след присъединяването на България към ЕС

Развитие на износa след присъединяването на България към ЕС
(Development of Bulgarian Export After the EU Accession)

Author(s):Aleksandar Shivarov
Language:Bulgarian
Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, Economy, Supranational / Global Economy, International relations/trade
Page Range:191-206
No. of Pages:16
Keywords:Export; Competitiveness; Trade Indices; Trade Promotion Policies
Summary/Abstract:The paper explores the changes in Bulgaria’s exports after 2007 by product groups and main trading partners and generates hypotheses for future development. Four principal factors for determining the country’s export competitiveness are employed: level, growth and market share performance of existing exports; diversification of products and markets; quality and sophistication of exports; and entry and survival of new exporters. The analysis relies on the UN Comtrade database. A high degree of trade openness is supported by flexibility in adjusting export destinations towards more dynamic markets. A substantial weakness of Bulgarian exports is the quality dimension. It appears that Bulgaria’s membership in the EU intensifies the orientation of the export basket towards raw materials, resource based goods and products with low technological sophistication. This study can be regarded as an initial step towards identification of options for policies supporting export development as an important component of Bulgarian economic growth.

Взаимодействие между банков капитал и ликвидност. Регулаторни промени и последици за финансовата система

Взаимодействие между банков капитал и ликвидност. Регулаторни промени и последици за финансовата система
(Interaction Between Bank Capital and Liquidity. Regulatory Changes and Results for the Financial System)

Author(s):Maria Chankova
Language:English
Subject(s):Economy, Supranational / Global Economy, Financial Markets
Page Range:207-214
No. of Pages:8
Keywords:Basel III; Banking Sector; Capital; Liquidity; Banking Regulations
Summary/Abstract:The capital of a bank can be perceived as its own funds, as opposed to borrowed capital, as deposits and checking accounts. The capital can be used to cover losses, which may reduce the credit risk. The more risky assets a bank has, the more capital it would need to avoid (balance sheet) insolvency. At the same time, in unfavorable market conditions, banks may need more cash or assets that could easily be converted into cash to pay off debts to their depositors or creditors on time. This poses a liquidity risk. A stable funding profile, as well as a buffer of highly liquid assets, would help to overcome it. Banks would prefer to work with lower levels of financial resources than the optimal, socially justified, level. Regulatory rules aim to address such problems and ensure that credit and liquidity risk are properly accounted for and that the corresponding costs are borne by institutions and their customers in periods of economic prosperity rather than by public authorities in times of crisis.

Дългият “Турски марш” - пътят на Турция към ЕС, ползи и препятствия

Дългият “Турски марш” - пътят на Турция към ЕС, ползи и препятствия
(Long "Turkish March" - Turkey's accession to the European Union, benefits and barriers)

Author(s):Vladimir V. Ajzenhamer
Language:English
Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, EU-Accession / EU-DEvelopment, Geopolitics
Page Range:215-225
No. of Pages:11
Keywords:Turkey; EU; Accession Negotiations; Benefits; Obstacles; Economy; Army; Alternatives
Summary/Abstract:The aim of this paper is to present the political, social and, to some extent, economic circumstances of the ongoing process of European integration of Turkey. The author will try to highlight the key obstacles to Turkish membership in the EU, and to clearly point out the specific benefits that this country has made on the road to EU accession. In this paper we will first exhibit historical circumstances which "traced" Turkey in EU direction, and then proceeded with a brief chronology of the accession process. After that we will analyze the main causes of the Turkish "stumbling" on the European path. Weak political pluralism, compromised human and minority rights, the Cyprus issue and disputes with Greece, are problems which Turkey has to positively resolve in order to achieve progress in the accession negotiations. Also, major problem is the negative perception of Turkish EU membership among many political leaders and EU citizens. After that, we will deal with particular benefits that Turkey has achieved thanks to the implementation of the Association Agreement. From the economic point of view Turkey undoubtedly benefited from its "harmonization" with EU. EU market remains the largest export market for Turkish goods, and part of the explanation of its current economic boom should be sought in the actual economic arrangements with the EU that eased Turkey access to the markets of most developed European countries. More than a third of Turkey's total exports goes to EU countries and about 80% of all foreign direct investment to Turkey comes from the EU. However, the main "benefit" that the EU process has brought to Turkey was not economic. In fact, it was the process of accession to the EU that provide civil authorities with arguments to put powerful Turkish army under civil control. The specific steps were taken in 2003, and were related to the reform of the National Security Council. In that year Turkish Majlis approved so-called "seventh reform package" for harmonization with the EU, which significantly weakened the military capacity of interference in the affairs of civil government. Thereby, the National Security Council was stripped of executive power and it's role of "watchdog" was abolished. Also, this security body lost previous possibility of unlimited access to civilian institutions. After that, the EU has repeatedly made it clear that they will not allow any toying with the concept of democracy, and openly distanced itself from the traditional Turkish formula of Army as the "guardian" of democracy. In the final part we will analyze the current Turkish foreign policy, attempting to answer the question whether on Bosporus currently some new, not so much "Western" winds are blowing? In recent years, Turkey extremely sharpened its rhetoric toward the EU. The culmination of this trend was the actualization of the Cyprus issue and Turkey's threats to completely freeze relations with the EU during the Cyprus EU Presidency in the second half of the 2012th. Also public support to EU integration project is facing a drastic decline. In line to the public mood, Turkish political elite increasingly talk about alternative integration – BRICS and Shanghai Cooperation Organization.

Екологично-технически характеристики на икономическата дейност и европейска система за търговия с въглеродни емисии

Екологично-технически характеристики на икономическата дейност и европейска система за търговия с въглеродни емисии
(Eco-Technical Characteristics of Economic Activities and EU Emissions Trading System)

Author(s):Nora Malamova
Language:Bulgarian
Subject(s):Economy, Energy and Environmental Studies
Page Range:226-229
No. of Pages:4
Keywords:Carbon Oxyde Emissions; Energy Provision; Emissions Trading System; System Function Principles
Summary/Abstract:The report presents the ecological aspects of the damaging gases emissions in the atmosphere and the method of functioning of the emissions trade system.

Динамични ефекти на регионалната икономическа интеграция на България в ЕС

Динамични ефекти на регионалната икономическа интеграция на България в ЕС
(Dynamic Effects of the Regional Economic Integration of Republic of Bulgaria in the EU)

Author(s):Stoyan Kanatov
Language:Bulgarian
Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, Economy, National Economy, EU-Accession / EU-DEvelopment
Page Range:230-238
No. of Pages:9
Keywords:Regional Economic Integration; Bulgaria; EU; Dynamic Effects; Economic Integration
Summary/Abstract:This article provides overview of the regional economic integration principles and, in particular. characteristics applicable for the EU. The author discusses the long-term effects to the Bulgarian economy as a result of country’s accession to the EU after 2007. Those effects are defined as dynamic and they represent structural changes of the national economic system through the prism Single market integration. The paper provides empirical data on the effects over the GDP growth, business competitiveness and labor market.

Развитието на индустриалната политика в България като фактор за устойчив разтеж в ЕС

Развитието на индустриалната политика в България като фактор за устойчив разтеж в ЕС
(The Development of the Industrial Policy in Bulgaria as a Factor for Sustainable Growth in the EU)

Author(s):Hristo Ivanov Totev
Language:Bulgarian
Subject(s):Economy, National Economy
Page Range:239-244
No. of Pages:6
Keywords:European Union; EU; Industrial Policy; Sustainable Growth
Summary/Abstract:Industrial production is part of the economy as an activity which aims to satisfy individual and aggregated needs. Human needs are virtually limitless, while resources for the production of goods and services designed to meet those needs are naturally limited. This limited resources and unlimited consumption forces individuals to carry out their activities efficiently i.e., to organize them in a manner so that from the limited resources to achieve maximum satisfaction of its needs. It is obvious that the realization of this goal is a process of making and implementing decisions for the production of goods and services and for their consumption. All this requires the establishment of a common EU industrial policy, and the aim of the report is to examine the principles and essence of this policy. This research would gradually analyze the principles and nature of public policies, as well as the development and objectives of EU industrial policy.

Динамика и структура на териториалната кохезия в ЕС и България през периода 2007 – 2012 г.

Динамика и структура на териториалната кохезия в ЕС и България през периода 2007 – 2012 г.
(Dynamic and structure of territorial cohesion in the EU and Bulgaria in the period 2007 – 2012)

Author(s):Neno Dimov, Kristina Minova
Language:Bulgarian
Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, Economy, National Economy, Supranational / Global Economy, Economic policy
Page Range:245-256
No. of Pages:12
Keywords:Cohesion; Cohesion Policy; EU; Regional Policy; Regional Cohesion
Summary/Abstract:The territorial cohesion is a fundamental principle of regional policy among the EU countries. Cohesion, or cohesion in the socio-economic and environmental development of the countries of the community, is applied in order to limit and reduce territorial (spatial) inequalities, which always arise objectively in the course of natural and social dynamics. This problem has been identified as a priority for the EU since the early 1990s. The main objectives related to the territorial cohesion policy are: - How to use the strengths and weaknesses of each territory to make a qualitative transition to sustainable and balanced development (regional and national level)? - How to achieve effective territorial concentration of resources? - How to minimize the costs of land management, respectively in urban areas, rural areas and specific areas? In the last two decades, the socio-economic development of Bulgaria has been accompanied by growing regional inequalities - demographic, urban, economic, infrastructural. Despite the already performed assessments and evaluations, this tendency is deepening, which is accompanied by an increase in the costs of material and financial resources for territorial governance. Studies were conducted at a national level in the countries of Western and Central Europe, which revealed processes of increasing territorial disparities in the development and territorial organization of natural social systems. Therefore, for the period 2001-2011, in spite of the consistently pursued and targeted funding of territorial cohesion policy in the EU, the added value received is low, and for individual countries and regions - negative. Or in other words - the economic and social rifts in the community are widening. From these starting points, a comparative analysis of some key indicators for the EU and the statistical regions of NUTS-2 level classification was conducted.

Проблеми на планирането и управлението на градското пространство в България: на примера на ИПГВР в София, Благоевград и Стара Загора

Проблеми на планирането и управлението на градското пространство в България: на примера на ИПГВР в София, Благоевград и Стара Загора
(Problems of Urban Planning and Management in Bulgaria: The Cases of Sofia, Blagoevgrad and Stara Zagora)

Author(s):Neno Dimov, Maya Georgieva
Language:Bulgarian
Subject(s):Economy, National Economy
Page Range:257-264
No. of Pages:8
Keywords:Integrated Urban Plans for Recovery and Development (IUPRD); Urban Space; Sustainable Development
Summary/Abstract:The developed Integrated urban plans for recovery and development (IUPRD) by the end of the planning period 2007 to 2013, referred to the 36 largest cities of the country. In subsequent years it provides for developing such plans in further 31 cities. This means that the planning of urban development in 67 cities will form a network of urban poles in the national space as an indefeasible condition about the transition to a sustainable and balanced development. From the analysis of Methodological guidelines for developing and applying of IUPRD (2010 and 2012, Ministry of regional development and management) and the elaborated plans about Sofia, Blagoevgrad and Stara Zagora, there are determined problems and discrepancies that impose well-founded corrections and effective decisions about their overcoming. In this regard, proposals are made to improve the process of planning and management of urban areas in Bulgaria.

Особености на преговорите по Многогодишната финансова рамка (МФР) на ЕС за периода 2014 – 2020 г.

Особености на преговорите по Многогодишната финансова рамка (МФР) на ЕС за периода 2014 – 2020 г.
(The Negotiations on the Multi-Annual Financial Framework 2014 -2020)

Author(s):Svetla Boneva
Language:Bulgarian
Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, Economy, Supranational / Global Economy, Public Finances, Fiscal Politics / Budgeting
Page Range:265-272
No. of Pages:8
Keywords:EU Budget; Multiannual Financial Framework; MFF; Budgetary Procedure; Negotiations on MFF
Summary/Abstract:This research presents the temporal development of the MFF negotiations for the period 2014-2020. The procedures for the adoption of legislative proposals and the parties involved in the negotiation process are reflected. Attention is focused on the three phases of the negotiations for the adoption of the MFF (explanatory, negotiation and final) and the time in which they take place. The purpose of the MFF regulation, the types of annual expenditure (for commitments and payments), the types of expenditure ceilings and the margin on budget lines are clarified.

Ролята на агенциите за регионално развитие в европейската интеграция на България

Ролята на агенциите за регионално развитие в европейската интеграция на България
(The role of Regional Development Agencies for the European integration of Bulgaria)

Author(s):Milena Mihaylova
Language:Bulgarian
Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, Economy, National Economy, EU-Accession / EU-DEvelopment
Page Range:273-278
No. of Pages:6
Keywords:Regional Development; European Economic Integration; EU; Bulgaria; EU Integration
Summary/Abstract:Bulgaria's European integration is a process of convergence to the European Community, as well as interaction with other Member States. The integration is done on economic, political and legal level. Nowadays, European integration is largely perceived as belonging and membership to the European Union. The aim of this report is to show the influence of the Regional Development Agencies in the process of Bulgaria's European integration and economic development of the country and from a technological point of view of the process involved in the absorption of EU funds. The study is based on the Report of the European Association of Development Agencies (EURADA) "Creation, development and management of the Regional Development Agencies', Global Competitiveness Report of the World Economic Forum and the EU membership, as well as the "Competitiveness of the Bulgarian Economy" prepared by "Open Society Institute in Bulgaria".

Ролята и влиянието на екологичната култура върху развитието на екологично отговорния туризъм (анкетно проучване)

Ролята и влиянието на екологичната култура върху развитието на екологично отговорния туризъм (анкетно проучване)
(Role and Influence of Environmental Awareness on the Development of Environmentally Responsible Tourism)

Author(s):Sonia Stefanova
Language:Bulgarian
Subject(s):Economy, Tourism
Page Range:279-288
No. of Pages:10
Keywords:Tourism; Ecology; Ecologically Responsible Tourism; European Union; Foreign Policy
Summary/Abstract:The present scientific announcement focuses on the problem area, outlining the parameters of the tourism industry worldwide and environmental awareness of the citizens. The fact is that international tourism these days is a business with very large scale. Every year about 800 million people depart on a trip abroad. In addition, almost 2.8 billion spend leaves and holidays in their home countries. Estimated by the World Tourism Organization, the income from the tourism sector amounts to over $1.5 trillion annually. As one of the major sectors of economy, tourism is severely affected by all the changes occurring in the environment. Of course the relation is two-way – on the one hand, tourism has an impact on the social and cultural environment and ecology, on the other – socio-cultural and environmental factors affect it. Overcoming the antagonism between man and nature is possible only in a society, characterized by a high level of environmental awareness of the people and their willingness to contribute to the harmonious development of the environment. In this connection, the attention of the competent governmental and industry bodies is directed towards the search for innovative ways to shape and improve the environmental awareness of citizens, emphasizing not only utilitarian but also the ethical and aesthetical aspects of it.

Програмата за трансгранично сътрудничество България – Румъния 2007 – 2013 г. – фактор за повишаване на фирмената конкурентоспособност в област Велико Търново

Програмата за трансгранично сътрудничество България – Румъния 2007 – 2013 г. – фактор за повишаване на фирмената конкурентоспособност в област Велико Търново
(Transborder Cooperation Program Bulgaria – Romania 2007 – 2013 – A Factor for Increasing Business Competitiveness in Veliko Tarnovo Region)

Author(s):Tsanko Stefanov
Language:Bulgarian
Subject(s):Economy, National Economy, Supranational / Global Economy
Page Range:289-295
No. of Pages:7
Keywords:Business Competitiveness; Cross Border Cooperation; Veliko Tarnovo Region
Summary/Abstract:The effective utilization of funds under the EU programmes is a good prerequisite for the economic and social development of our country. Also, this is related to increasing the competitiveness of Bulgarian enterprises. Besides the programmes directed to business, the business activity can be influenced favourably through participation in the other EU programmes. One of them is the Transborder cooperation program Bulgaria – Romania 2007-2013 from which Veliko Tarnovo region, as an area bordering Romania, can benefit.

Оптимална териториална топология на партньорства за успешна реализация на европейски проекти

Оптимална териториална топология на партньорства за успешна реализация на европейски проекти
(Optimal Territorial Topology of Partnerships for Realization of European Projects)

Author(s):Matilda Aleksandrova, Daniela Staneva
Language:Bulgarian
Subject(s):Economy, Supranational / Global Economy
Page Range:296-306
No. of Pages:11
Keywords:Monitoring; Evaluation; Mathematical modulation; C1 Econometrics and Statistical Methods; C5 Econometric Modelling
Summary/Abstract:The current study is based on real data for 306 projects that applied for funding in 2013. The study is related to the geographical topology of the consortium, in other words, the hypothesis that a specific territorial distribution of the required number of partners can lead to a successful project has been tested. In this regard, the optimal topological coverage of the European territory is derived to ensure the success of the project. The presented data is analyzed with the methods of graph and network theory and applied statistics, as well as the modern theory of complex neural networks and respective conclusions are made in the observed aspects, and the directions for development and continuation of the research are indicated.

Международен бизнес и зелена икономика – някои промени във формите на международен бизнес в контекста на зелената икономика

Международен бизнес и зелена икономика – някои промени във формите на международен бизнес в контекста на зелената икономика
(International Business and Green Economy)

Author(s):Stela Zhivkova
Language:Bulgarian
Subject(s):Economy, Supranational / Global Economy, Energy and Environmental Studies
Page Range:307-313
No. of Pages:7
Keywords:Green Economy; Sustainable Development; International Business; Environment;
Summary/Abstract:A prominent feature of our time are the high technologies, constantly evolving production processes, the unique in its scale globalization, the unprecedented attention to the preservation of the surrounding nature. In these conditions, international business in all its forms is an integral part of the socio-economic life. It significantly contributes to the increase in gross domestic product of the developed countries and for the economic progress of developing countries and those from the third world. In modern times, however, more attention is being dedicated not only to the economic growth as such, but also to the ways in which it is being achieved. The main issue at the moment is how to protect the dwindling natural resources reserves while not slowing down the economic growth of the society; how to reduce anthropologically induced eco-footprint on the nature and protect humans’ health and lives without affecting their standard of living - in other words, how to achieve economic growth through sustainable development. Within the framework of this continuous care for the environment and the great attention to the sustainable development in modern economic life, the emergence of a new type of economy is observed, namely the green economy. This emerging field of the economics, as well as the actions and measures taken at the national and international level for the protection of nature and its resources, inevitably have an impact on international business. The text hereby presents briefly some of the changes that have been identified in the forms of international business in the framework of the research project "Global Environmental Challenges and Changes in International Business".

Външна политика на ЕС към държавите от БРИК

Външна политика на ЕС към държавите от БРИК
(The European Union Foreign Policy Towards the BRIC Countries)

Author(s):Martin Lukov
Language:Bulgarian
Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, International relations/trade, Geopolitics
Page Range:314-322
No. of Pages:9
Keywords:BRIC; EU; Relations
Summary/Abstract:The aim of the report is to give a brief overview of the EU foreign policy towards the BRIC countries. The pursuit of strategic partnership, the need of balancing the economic relations between BRIC countries and the EU and the impact of migration are analyzed. The problems associated with dealing with the aftermath of climate change and human rights are also studied.

Могат ли българските евродепутати да лобират в полза на България

Могат ли българските евродепутати да лобират в полза на България
(Bulgarian Civil Society – Six Years After the Membership in the European Union)

Author(s):Ivka Tsakova
Language:Bulgarian
Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, Government/Political systems
Page Range:323-330
No. of Pages:8
Keywords:Lobbyism; European Parliament; Members of the European Parliament; Bulgaria
Summary/Abstract:This article presents the evolution of lobbying as a political and economic phenomenon which gained speed in the '80s and '90s. The author relates the lobbying as a practice in the European Parliament and discusses the opportunities for the Bulgarian members of the European Parliament to participate in and consider lobbyist approach in their public service. The paper presents practical examples and effects of the lobbying on a European level.

Подборът на персонал в условията на световната финансова и икономическа криза

Подборът на персонал в условията на световната финансова и икономическа криза
(The Impact of Social Media on Personnel Recruitment in the Organizations)

Author(s):Kiril Dimitrov
Language:Bulgarian
Subject(s):Economy, Human Resources in Economy, ICT Information and Communications Technologies
Page Range:331-349
No. of Pages:19
Keywords:Personnel Selection; Firm Culture; Selection Methods; Human Resource Management; Person-job-Fit
Summary/Abstract:The current report describes the trends of development in the recruitment practices, implemented by leading organizations in developed economies and companies in Bulgaria during the period of the ongoing World financial and economic crisis. The 'recruitment component' is analyzed as a function of the prevailing business culture in this country. Important social innovations on methods of recruitment in companies are presented here, such as: head-hunting, online resumes, online tests, online interviews, selection of distributors in network marketing, social networks, reality shows, speed interviewing and more.

Основни етапи и трудности при внедряването на балансирана система от показатели за ефективност

Основни етапи и трудности при внедряването на балансирана система от показатели за ефективност
(Basic Stages and Problems of the Implementation of the Balanced Scoreboard)

Author(s):Borislav Ivanov
Language:Bulgarian
Subject(s):Social Sciences, Economy, Business Economy / Management, Sociology, Management and complex organizations
Page Range:350-355
No. of Pages:6
Keywords:Balanced Scorecard; Management Methodology; Company Strategy; Company Goals; Organizational Challenges
Summary/Abstract:This report examines the Balanced Scorecard (BSc) management methodology as a tool for managing and implementing company strategy and goals. The essence of the methodology has not been considered as there is sufficient research material on this issue. The various aspects of what can hinder or facilitate the implementation of the methodology at each level of employees in the organization are considered in this paper. The possible weaknesses in the development of each perspective of the methodology are also described.

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Членството на България в Европейския съюз: шест години по-късно The Membership of Bulgaria in the European Union: Six Years Later