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A Semantic Description of the Combinability between Verbs and Nouns (on Material from Bulgarian and English)

Author(s): Svetlozara Leseva,Ivelina Stoyanova,Maria Todorova,Hristina Kukova / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2020

This paper represents a methodology for defining restrictions on the semantic combinability between different semantic classes of verbs and the sets of nouns corresponding to the elements of their conceptual frame (i.e. the major participants in the situation described). Our observations focus on verb synsets from WordNet and their assigned FrameNet frames which mutually inform each other. We analyse the semantic information typical for each of the studied verb classes and define semantic restrictions on the nouns they combine with. The theoretical and empirical value of the provided semantic representations and restrictions lies in the enhanced modelling of verb-noun combinability which is universal enough to be applicable not only to the languages exemplified (English and Bulgarian), but (with possible modifications) to various other languages for which wordnets are available.

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Metaphor in Logistics Terminology

Author(s): Galina Velikova / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2020

The purpose of this study is to attempt to present a systematized view on the contemporary understanding of metaphor, its essence, structure and manifestations in the discourse of logistics. Various classifications of metaphor are reviewed, and a new one is offered using the lexico-semantic method as well as based on and supported by the examples excerpted from a large corpus compiled especially for the study. It is worthwhile noting that metaphor can be viewed in many different ways, however, it will be explored here with regard to its manifestations in logistics terminology. The topic is worth discussing as metaphor provides better term recognition and comprehension. The findings can be relevant when teaching English for Logistics.

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Кръгла маса по проблемите на преподаването на български език в университетите в чужбина „Лекторатите – между „Държавата на духа“ и геополитическите рестрикции“

Author(s): Petya Barkalova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2020

The article is dedicated to the fourth edition of the ‘Days of Bulgarian Language and Culture’ Forum at the Forli campus of the University of Bologna. The program has two components – academic and cultural. All participating students were also introduced, as the tendency of increasing the number of students was emphasized. Another emphasis is placed on the round table entitled “Lectureship – Between ‘The State of Spirit and Geopolitical Restrictions”. The ideas of the round table, the discussion as well as the two thematic presentations of the round table make the reader aware of the significance of the event.

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ON TEMPORALITY

Author(s): Vesselina Laskova / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2020

The present study is concerned with what a unified account of temporality could be based on. The proposal is that a theory that accounts for temporality should be based on some universal expression of this semantic phenomenon. The paper opens with the discussion of some problematic issues the traditional morphologically-based approaches raise. Then it is suggested that a solution could be to build the account taking as a basis the semantic types of the events that could be expressed in a clause. Evidence in favour of the soundness of the proposal comes from a comparative analysis of Bulgarian and Amharic data.

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Разбиране на текст на неизучаван език от ученици в българското средно училище

Author(s): Maya Padeshka / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2020

This article examines some tendencies in foreign language teaching and learning. Emphasis is placed on understanding oral and written text (listening and reading as basic receptive speech activities). Reading and related cognitive processes are seen as an element of key competency for language learning. Extracting specific and abstract information from text is a process by which strategies can be implemented to reach a full, accurate and adequate understanding of the text. An experiment is described related to the perception of Slavic texts by Bulgarian students in the Bulgarian secondary school, in the context of the theory of interlingual understanding.

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Можем ли да погледнем в бъдещето на българския език?

Author(s): Mihail Videnov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2020

The author of the article answers negatively to the question of scientific linguistic prognosis if it is made through conjectures from the point of view of traditional directions, that analyze the tendencies and development of linguistic phenomena without taking into account the social factor. Needed is sociolinguistic methodology. In the manuscript, the problems of forecasting are divided into macrosociolinguistic and microsociolinguistic and the analysis is made mainly in view of macrosociolinguistics. Pointed out is that the observations should be focused mainly on the Sofia capital's speech, where the leading social classes are. The metropolitan practice afterwards becomes nationwide: the metropolitan fashion dictates the future appearance of the language. Indicated are some perspectives in the current language versions.

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Синтаксис на метаезика

Author(s): Mariana Georgieva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2020

The article presents metalanguage as a cognitive phenomenon with its own syntactic paradigm. The paradigm of syntactic bonds of metalanguage is substantiated by the method of cognitive modelling. The analysis is based on the cognitive reading of the definitive sentence characteristics predicative, modality, intonation completeness and grammatical formation. The principle of cognitive integration between concepts, phenomena is applied.

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Burnout Levels of English Language Teachers

Author(s): Suzan Kavanoz,Yasemin Kırkgöz / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2020

Teachers are among the working populations who are at high risk of being affected by burnout syndrome, an emotional stress condition manifested in emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and reduced personal accomplishment (Maslach, 1976). The goal of this quantitative cross-sectional study is to examine English language teachers’ burnout levels and how the three core components of burnout are related to several teacher background variables such as gender, age, and teaching experience. Data were collected through a demographic form and Maslach Burnout Inventory. The results show that the rate of burnout in EFL teachers is at a medium level in emotional exhaustion and personal achievement dimensions, and low in depersonalization. Our findings also confirmed that gender, age and teaching experience affect EFL teacher burnout.

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Modern Approaches to Foreign Language Teaching

Author(s): Danail Danov / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2020

This article discusses creativity, innovations and interculturalism as key trends in modern Foreign Language Teaching. It argues that in a learning environment strongly dependant on digital technology and extensive communication participatory learning and achivements of high results do not seem visible if the above-mentioned trends are not taken into serious consideration.

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Към историята на предлога Освен

Author(s): Mariyana Tsibranska-Kostova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2020

The article discusses one of the linguo-didactologic goals oriented to the teaching of Old Bulgarian (Slavonic) as the establishing of systematic relations between diachrony and synchrony. Concrete example are the uses of the preposition except in a translated juridical text from 1262, some of which overlap with the contemporary use of the preposition except in complex conjunctions appropriated to the administrative style. The main conclusion concerns the localization character of except in texts and manuscripts of Southern, or Balkan Slavic origin. The Preslav Literary School plays a definitive role for its imposing in the literary language. The unchangeable prepositional functions prove the continuity between the Medieval and the Modern Bulgarian language.

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Лингвистични знания, комуникативна компетентност, функционална грамотност

Author(s): Yovka Tisheva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2020

The main aim of the article is to discuss the relationship between the three key areas related to the tasks of Bulgarian language teaching. Linguistic knowledge is the traditional core of teaching Bulgarian at school. The knowledge of language units and rules is the basis upon which the communicative skills to apply them in various situations are developed. Functional literacy is related to the transition from pattern drills and “artificial” textbook’s materials to real cases from different functional areas.

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Изследователският подход в обучението по български език: между традиционното и иновативното

Author(s): Velka Popova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2020

The text focuses on the research approach in preparing teachers of Bulgarian language as one of the main ways to solve the controversy between the accumulation of a huge amount of knowledge in university education and the inability of trainees to put it into practice. The focus is on the problems which trainee-teachers of Bulgarian language face in view of the modern teaching requirements.In this context, research competence is seen as one of the most important components of a teacher's professional and pedagogical expertise. Its formation is traced in the process of research activity carried out by future teachers during their studies at the university. An example of a pilot model for classroom and extracurricular work in the foundation discipline Introduction to General Linguistics shows the effect of students conducting research on the formation of the competencies and skills that underlie their development as specialists in Bulgarian, and the development of their professional self-esteem.

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Има ли въздействие държавният зрелостен изпит по български език и литература върху граматическата компетентност

Author(s): Ruska Stancheva,Krasimira Aleksova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2020

The report presents the results of a nationally representative sociolinguistic survey of language attitudes in relation to proficiency in 9 grammatical norms. The answers of the respondents are divided into two groups according to the attribute educational activity: students and non-learners. Since the same standards are verified by the National matriculation exam in Bulgarian standard language, it is possible to verify, through the examination of the data, whether this educational practice has an impact on grammatical competence. The analysis shows that National matriculation exam in Bulgarian standard language has a positive influence on the knowledge and application of grammatical norms in dynamics – a feedback that has not been studied so far.

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English Mnemonic Lexicon: Constituent Structure and Verbalization Potential

Author(s): Irina Tivyaeva,Olga Syomina / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2020

This paper presents a study of the system of lexical devices used by English speakers to verbalize theirpersonal memory experiences. The approach presented in the paper presupposes inclusion of nonnarrativestructures into the spectrum of language forms conveying mnemonic meanings and extends thelatter so as to encompass the meanings of encoding, storage, retrieval and loss. The research is based onthe hypothesis that lexical units expressing memory-related meanings in English constitute a specificallyorganized system. A variety of communicative contexts representing mnemonic situations are analyzed asto d evelop a t ypology o f m emory v erbalizers i n E nglish, estimate t heir f unctional p otential a nd role i nobjectifying personal memory experiences on the lexical level. The results confirm the original hypothesisand suggest that mnemonic lexicon as a linguistic reflection of the mnemonic faculty is an important andlargely understudied element of the language – memory system.

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Creating the Authorial Self in Academic Texts: Evidence From the Expert’s Style of Writing

Author(s): Tatiana Szczygłowska / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2020

This paper reports on an analysis of stance expressions in a 439,490-word corpus of Ken Hyland’s academic prose, encompassing 64 single-authored texts from journals, edited collections and his own monographs. Using WordSmith Tools 6.0, the study aims to find out how this expert academic writer creates his authorial self through stance mechanisms. The results reveal that Hyland’s authorial participation in his discourse is mostly manifested through hedges, somewhat less definitely through boosters, but relatively infrequently by attitude markers and self-mention. The choice of the specific stance devices indicates a preference for detached objectivity when formulating empirically verifiable propositions and a shift towards subjectivity when referring to discourse acts and research methodology. These findings contribute to our understanding of stance-taking expertise in applied linguistics and may thus assist novice writers in the field in a more effective management of their own performance of self inacademic prose.

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Адаптацията на чуждестранните студенти медици към нова социокултурна среда

Author(s): Ivelina Angelova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 6/2020

The focus of this report is on the level and the type of adaptation of foreign medical students (studying at Trakia University) to the new sociocultural environment. The study data is interpreted, and the following distribution is obtained according to six scales: adaptability, conformation, interactivity, depression, nostalgia and alienation. Attention is paid to the four phases of the personality adaptation to the new sociocultural environment. The paper considers that the sociocultural (intercultural) adaptation is an adaptation of the foreign students to the conditions of the new sociocultural environment, i.e. to different values, norms of behavior, traditions and rituals. The paper analyzes how the success of adaptation is determined by well-established methods and techniques that help to achieve social and psychological integration in the foreign culture without losing the cultural heritage. There are a number of essential functions of intercultural adaptation which are mentioned by the author. The paper also sets out very important factors determining the pace of adaptation

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Унгаристиката в чуждестранните университети и статутът в Университета „Коменски“ в Братислава

Author(s): Katarina Misadová / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2020

The present paper addresses issues of teaching Hungarian language and culture outside of Hungary, with special attention to Comenius University in Bratislava. In the first part of the paper, the author overviews the historical aspects of teaching the Hungarian language and Hungarian studies and describes the multifaceted nature of the work of visiting instructors in this field as well as the processes of cultural diplomacy that underlie it. The second part of the paper provides an insight into the work and special tasks of the visiting instructors from Hungary working at the Department of Hungarian Language and Literature, Comenius University, from the founding of the department to the present.

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История на обучението по унгарски език като чужд през погледа на лектора и неговата дейност

Author(s): Szilárd Sebők / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2020

he aim of this paper is to describe the professional career of Orsolya Nádor, associate professor of Károli Gáspár University of the Reformed Church in Budapest and current guest professor of the Department of Hungarian Language and Literature of Comenius University in Bratislava. Nádor’s professional career is focused on teaching Hungarian as a foreign language and ensuring the institutional and methodological background of this profession. The first part of the paper gives an overview about the history of teaching Hungarian as a foreign language (from the times of Matthias Bel to the establishment of the pedagogical study programme of Hungarian as a foreign language in 1982). The second part of the paper focuses on the Nádor’s professional career and through it also gives an overview about the history of this field from the 1980’s, when Nádor’s career started. The paper emphasizes her important role in the development of teaching Hungarian as a foreign language by discussing some of her theoretical works and practical syllabuses, highlighting the establishment of the pedagogical study programme of Hungarian as a second language at Károli Gáspár University, and by describing the fourteen-volume handbook of teaching Hungarian as a foreign language edited by Nádor.

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Формирование мягких навыков и умений в процессе освоения продуктивных инновационных технологий

Author(s): Leonid Moskovkin,Galina Shamonina / Language(s): Russian Issue: 4/2020

The article is focused on the process of soft skills formation in the participants of the International Qualification School "Modern Pedagogical Technologies in Teaching Russian as a Foreign Language", held annually in Varna (Republic of Bulgaria) for future teachers of Russian language– students from different universities of Europe and Asia. The authors show that soft skills are developed in students of the School during the process of collective preparation of various projects: developing and conducting an excursion, writing a prospectus for a Russian language textbook, creating an educational video, etc. These collective forms of work presuppose self-organisation of students: their ability to find a common language with group members, the promotion of a leader, the ability to work in a team, jointly planning actions and implementing these plans, respecting and supporting each other.

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Аффектонимы в современном русском языке

Author(s): Valeriy Efremov / Language(s): Russian Issue: 4/2020

The article is devoted to the description of affectonymes (affectionate names) – a stratum of emotive vocabulary that plays a significant role in the Russian etiquette and (linguo)culture. The analysis of the list of affectonymes represented in the «Dictionary of the Russian speech etiquette» by A. G. Balakay helps to highlight their universal and idioethnic features, describe their emotionally evaluative meaning and outline the linguoculturological potential of these units.

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