(De)Constructing Leadership through Ritualised Discourse

Author(s): Gabriela Scripnic / Language(s): English / Issue: 9/2019

This study deals with the notion of leadership, envisaged broadly as the quality of a head of state to lead his people towards a common goal while conveying the image of a role-model by both his actions and statements. During his presidential term, a head of state is confronted with many institutionalised contexts where he is expected to issue an official speech. From the numerous official speeches that a president is likely to deliver, I have chosen to dwell on one of the most ritualised discursive sequences, namely the presidential greetings on New Year’s Eve, in order to highlight how the presidential ethos is built through discursive and extra-discursive elements. In this context, I have taken into account the greetings of the Romanian ex-President, Traian Băsescu, from the period 2004-2013 (he was elected twice) with a view to analysing both the purely discursive devices (speech acts, appellatives, semantic content emphasized) and the extra-linguistic elements (place where the discourse is delivered, communication channel). The analysis aims at answering the following questions: Can we consider the presidential greetings and the choices made within and outside the discourse itself as indirect evidence of the diminution of the public support that the president had benefited from? Do the greetings emphasize the president’s effort to adapt to his audience while maintaining the tradition of a well-established ritual?

(En)Jeux esthétiques de la traduction. Éthique(s) et pratiques traductionnelles

Author(s): / Language(s): French / Publication Year: 2010

The aesthetics, ethics and practices of translation have long formed subjects of research and reflection of varying visibility depending on the translation school, era and ideology. This fact is still relevant nowadays, even if it is true that for some time a process of de-atomization can be noticed in the translation studies field. At the initiative of the ISTTRAROM-Translationes research group, the colloquium held on March 26th and 27th 2010, at the West University of Timisoara (Romania) proposed to consider this theme under multiple aspects and look at the progress and achievements in translation studies research. The objective was threefold: to draw up an assessment of the various theories which for a long time constituted the basis of translational (aesthetic and / or ethical) approaches, to examine many aspects related to the aesthetics of translation, to relaunch the debate on the fundamental rights and duties of both literary and specialized translator.

(Ne)cenzurirana psovka u publicističkom diskursu

Author(s): Jelena Ilić-Plauc / Language(s): Bosnian / Issue: 13/2020

This paper aims to bring up a discussion on the topic that most 20th-century eminent linguists used to ignore and marginalize as being considered peripheral and not serious and worthy of academic research. It is rather interesting that linguists, anthropologists, sociologists and psychologists were neglecting this issue, sporadically and unsystematically dealing with it, although being aware that swearwords are one of the most common words and phrases in most languages. Thus, the lack of research and analyses goes in favor of the aforementioned statement. Indeed, swearword presents a linguistic polyfunctional phenomenon, and it has just recently started to be taken seriously, discussed and researched on the world as well as the European linguistic scene. So, this paper contributes to this overall swearing research, as it is being based on a qualitative analysis of the collected examples found in the mass media, that have been chosen according to the censored swearword found in the online article’s headline. Fourteen online portals from Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Serbia and Montenegro have been taken for the corpus, data monitored from October to December 2019. The main hypothesis is that swearwords, though more common in a conversational functional style, are omnipresent in written, online media, and thus journalistic discourse. This has been supported by the fact that the frequency of uncensored swearwords present in the media is almost the same as the frequency of censored swearwords, while descriptive swearwords happen to be an extremely rare occurrence. Obscene vocabulary in journalistic discourse is a complex linguistic, psychological, sociological, cultural and ethnological phenomenon, and it can also be suggested that swearwords bear exceptional elasticity and adaptability features.

(Nie)grzeczna asertywność w miłości. Zachowania bohaterów powieści Achilleusa Tatiosa

Author(s): Robert Krzysztof Zawadzki / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 3/2020

The author of the article provides an inside view of one of the most famous Greek novels The Adventures of Leukippe and Kleitophon written by Achilleus Tatios from Alexandria. By exploring some aspects of the plot of the novel (terrifying dangers, complicated adventures, tortures, shipwrecks, attacks by pirates and robbers, guiles), the behavior of the two protagonists towards other people who prevented their love comes into focus. In order to fathom Leukippe and Kleitophon, it is necessary to grasp the importance of the ancient art of rhetoric and its influence on the diction of the protagonists. The article can contribute to a better understanding of the Achilleus Tatios’ characteristic style as well as the manner in which he created the plot of his novel.

(Nie)grzeczność w kontaktach z ludźmi starszymi

Author(s): Agnieszka Rosińska-Mamej / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 3/2020

The main goal of the article is to draw attention to some barriers occuring in the communication between young and elderly people. The author cites examples of verbal behaviour that are treated as polite by young people, while by seniors they can be interpreted as rude or offensive. The other goal is to introduce the new term silver politeness.

(Nie)Pamięć o wiekach średnich w powieści Mai Jurkowskiej Katedra

Author(s): Joanna Godlewicz-Adamiec / Language(s): Polish,German / Publication Year: 0

Literature is one of those areas of human activity which functions within the culture of memory. It is indeed one of the means of creating memory – many narratives are concerned with the way in which individuals and communities remember and forget, as well as the way in which they forge their own identity. Modern literature has made the exploration of memory patterns one of is most important themes. The paper constitutes an attempt to analyse the literary images of the cathedral in connection with the patterns of individual and communal memory in Maja Jurkowska’s novel Katedra in the context of Polish and German memory discourse.

(Nie)uczciwość akademicka polskich studentów a poświadczanie kwalifikacji

Author(s): Agnieszka M. Sendur / Language(s): English,Polish / Publication Year: 0

Examination malpractice is claimed to be a problem in Polish schools and universities. What is the actual scale of academic dishonesty among Polish higher education students and what seems to be its causes? What kind of actions do Polish students consider dishonest and which of them are not assigned to this category? The article describes a survey on academic integrity conducted at Polish higher education institutions and presents conclusions relevant to certification purposes.

(Re)Negocjacje kultur pamięci – słowo wstępne

Author(s): Joanna Godlewicz-Adamiec,Dominika Wyrzykiewicz / Language(s): Polish,German / Publication Year: 0

Memory – Discourse – Identity. Interdisciplinary Reflections is a bilingual book aligning with the memorial discourse trend. It contains reflections on the condition of man and the world in the context of Polish and German memory discourse in the post-war culture. The authors refer to the category of memory in public and private dimensions and present various approaches to the issues of memory turn and transformations concerning mutual relations and interpenetration of literature, music, art. And contemporary media. The book includes the papers written by German and Polish studies scholars, historians, and art. Historians from Poland, Germany and Spain.

(Un)translatability revisited:

transmetic and intertextual puns in Viktor Pelevin’s Generation “P” and its translations

Author(s): Roman Ivashkiv / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2019

Babylen Tatarsky, the protagonist in Russian writer Viktor Pelevin’s novel Generation “P”(translated into English by Andrew Bromfield as Homo Zapiens), works to adapt Americanadvertisements for the Russian market and witnesses how the reality of Russia’s tumultuous1990s is replaced by a consumer-driven television simulation. Puns in the advertising slogansthat Tatarsky translates, interspersed throughout the novel, are central to its plot. Some of thesepuns exhibit greater sophistication than others: in addition to utilizing homonymy, homophony,homography, paronymy, and polysemy, they involve transmesis, multilingualism, andintertextuality. This article compares how Pelevin’s translators (English, German, Polish,Spanish, and French) approached these difficult puns. The objective of this comparative analysisis to demonstrate how the intertext(s) evoked through wordplay may, on the one hand, impedetranslation, but, on the other, open avenues for creative solutions, by producing new traces andechoes of meaning that make the act of translation possible. The issues raised by the varioustranslations point to a need to re-examine the roles and tasks of the translator and underscorethe importance of keeping the (un)translatability debate open. Ultimately, this article aims tocontribute to the ongoing reconceptualization of what literary translation is and, especially,what it does: with texts, readers, literatures, and, above all, with language.

,,Kurzarbeit, in varianta romaneasca" - Zur Ubertratung des Fachbegriffes Kurzarbeit aus dem Deutschen ins Rumanische

Author(s): Maria Parasca / Language(s): German / Issue: 1/2020

This paper proposes an analysis of the ways in which the German concept Kurzarbeit was taken over in the Romanian language. The analysis started from twenty-five translation options of the term Kurzarbeit into Romanian. As this concept has not been in the Romanian language so far, its entry into Romanian was a challenge, from the conceptual point of view as well as from the perspective of the translation of the term from German into Romanian.

[ˈhӕrəs] or [,həˈrӕs], [’hɒtəl] or [həʊˈtɛl]? – What/ Whose Language Do Our Students Learn (and Why)?

Author(s): Andreea Bratu / Language(s): English / Issue: XX/2019

Learners of a foreign language (L2) are to a greater or smaller extent influenced by their native tongue (L1), be it at the level of the structures used or at the lexical and morphological levels (tenses used according to the L1 verbal behavior, to give just one example). The purpose of this paper is twofold: to investigate the deviations from the standard pronunciation in English that are common among Romanian students, trying to explain them, and to analyse the choices they make between British and American pronunciation. Questionnaires have been used with Ist and IInd year students of the English Department of the Faculty of Letters in Craiova.

[recenzja] Aleksander Kiklewicz, Małgorzata Korytkowska, Julia Mazurkiewicz-Sułkowska, Agnieszka Zatorska, Zintegrowany opis semantyczno-syntaktyczny czasowników bułgarskich, polskich i rosyjskich (verba cogitandi i verba sentiendi)

Author(s): Monika Szymańska / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 4/2020

[recenzja] Małgorzata Gębka-Wolak, Andrzej Moroz, Jednostka tekstu prawnego w ujęciu teoretycznym i praktycznym

Author(s): Anna Czelakowska / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 4/2020

110 ГОДИНИ ОТ РОЖДЕНИЕТО НА ЧЛ.-КОР. ПРОФ. ЛЮБОМИР АНДРЕЙЧИН

Author(s): Zhaneta Zlateva,Milen Tomov,Tatyana Aleksandrova / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 3/2020

The paper deals with the main contributions to Bulgarian linguistics made by Prof. Lyubomir Andreychin. The authors highlight his innovative methods of research in Mo¬dern Standard Bulgarian and his understanding of the grammatical categories of the Bul¬garian verb system, in particular. They go on to outline his theoretical views on or¬tho¬graphy and the normativisation of Bulgarian spelling, emphasising his exceptional contribution to this area. Finally, the authors discuss Prof. Andreychin’s contributions to the study of the history of Modern Standard Bulgarian.

A (SOCIO)LINGUISTIC RANGE ANALYSIS: SEMANTIC REPRESENTATIONS OF HETERO AND ITS COMPOUNDS

Author(s): Cristina Ungureanu / Language(s): English / Issue: 23/2018

Our article proposes the study of a range of sociolinguistic terms having in common the prefix -hetero. The first part provides an overview of the prefixes in literature while the second connects it with the analysis of the semantic representations of several compounds (heterophony, heteroglossia, heterolinguality, heterology, heterolingualism, hetero-representations and hetero-identification) and their equivalents in French, English and Romanian, which are to be found in a sociolinguistic dictionary.

A beautiful flourish. The foundation story of Wroclaw (and Wroclaw residents)

Author(s): Kamilla Biskupska / Language(s): English / Issue: 13/2020

In the article, I present the content and the context of the foundation story of Wroclaw – created after 1945 in one of the largest and most destroyed cities which joined Poland after World War II (Polish Western and Northern Territories). The analyzed empirical material consists of personal documents – statements of Wroclaw residents written and submitted in 1966 for the competition entitled: “What does the city of Wrocław mean to you”. The most important element of this story about the creation of the city is the figure of a pioneer, shaped in the image of a mythical hero. The features of pioneers (such as courage, uncompromising love for the city and openness to others) have become an important narrative co-creating the discourse about the city in the narratives of subsequent generations of Wroclaw residents.

A Comparative Study of Political Communication in Televised Pre-Election Debates in Poland and the United States of America

Author(s): Martin Hinton,Agnieszka Budzyńska-Daca / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2019

This paper combines quantitative and qualitative methodologies to study the persuasive strategies employed by candidates taking part in televised pre-election debates in Poland and the United States between 1995 and 2016. First, the authors identify the key strategies and calculate the frequency with which they are used by individual candidates. This allows for numerical comparisons between politicians in the two polities, as well as between winners and losers, and candidates of the right and the left politically. These statistical results led the authors to look more closely at the individual styles of two contrasting debaters. We conclude that the rhetorical landscape of political communication does not differ greatly between the two countries; although the data suggest noticeable differences in the approach of political parties and between individuals.

A comparative study of the gap between de-jure and de-facto language policies: the case of Kyrgyzstan and Hungary

Author(s): Askar Mambetaliev / Language(s): English / Issue: 15/2019

The purpose of this study was to find the main factors that guide language policies and discover correlations between top-down and bottom-up ideologies in the context of Hungary and Kyrgyzstan. To accomplish this, the study created a database of relevant official documents, photos of linguistic landscapes and qualitative data. The study analyzed the documented top-down decisions from historical perspectives, and then compared them with the data collected from interviews and surveys, and from the collection of photos. The participants included both high-ranking political figures, professors, students and random citizens. Results showed that the official policies often do not comprehensively match with the people’s beliefs, attitudes and desires. Findings also imply that using either document analysis, or the method of linguistic landscape, or qualitative methods alone, might not sufficiently validate the results in the absence of each other, since errors may top up from various discrepancies between top-down and bottom-up arrangements, as well as from overt and covert ideologies.

A contribution to the implicit/explicit debate on grammar learning: the case of contrast connectors

Author(s): Ana Luísa Costa / Language(s): English / Issue: 01 (24)/2019

In this paper, studies on language acquisition and development are seen as most relevant to grammar teaching and learning. Grammar teaching may be conceived as a process of building awareness of the language used from the earliest stages, as well as a process of scaffolding knowledge depending on later language development. In this perspective, grammar instruction (including curricular orientations) must take into account what belongs to spontaneous linguistic knowledge, and which linguistic knowledge crucially depends on the richness of discourse experiences at school. Data on the acquisition of contrast connectives in European Portuguese will support the idea that, even assuming that some innate principles rule early language acquisition, linguistic proficiency depends on language learning experiences accumulated through years of schooling. Furthermore, language development is not entirely accomplished by linguistic mastery: the ability to explain language through language may be considered a later stage of linguistic accuracy, associated with formal instruction.

A Corpus-Based Analysis Of The Complementation Patterns Of The Adjective “Ashamed”

Author(s): Temenuzhka Seizova-Nankova,Sylvia Dimitrova / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2021

The paper presents a corpus-based analysis of the predicative use of the adjective “ashamed” giving a full description of its complementation patterns with the help of the Valency Theory (VT – Herbst et al., 2004). The findings are based on a reference corpus extracted from the British National Corpus (BNC) by using the SkE software. The analysis reveals the advantages of the approach used for learners at levels B1 and B2 while, on the other hand, it shows the insufficiency of information found in the main English dictionaries (OALD, LDCE, etc.). It also demonstrates how both language learning and teaching, and materials production could be optimized using the corpus-based analysis.