"Astérix et Obélix" – un univers pragmatique

Author(s): Alexandra Caramizaru / Language(s): French / Issue: 2/2013

The article uses notions and concepts borrowed from Pragmatics and Discourse Analysis (i.e. speech act and ethos), combined with the actantial model developed by Greimas (1966). The author focuses on the essentially pragmatic dimension of the textual world created by Uderzo & Goscinny: the actions performed by Asterix and Obelix, the heroes of the famous comics bearing the same title, are based on their knowledge and understanding of the world they live in (dictionary and encyclopaedia), on their will to act (intention), but also on the fact that they can act (they have a mandate from their leader). This pragmatic dimension is inherent to the discourse allowing certain relationships to be established between individuals acting in specific contexts. By identifying the dominant speech acts, the author draws up the ethical profiles of the selected characters and the corresponding relations, more or les asymmetric (at the social and/or discursive level), generated by them.

"Boże narodzenie" jako punkt odniesienia do pracy międzyprzedmiotowej uczniów na zajęciach językowych – propozycje studentów kierunku pedagogiczno-językowego

Author(s): Marek Krawiec / Language(s): Polish / Issue: XXI/2019

The author of this article demonstrates that Christmas, due to its multidimen-sional character, can be the basis for cross-curricular work of foreign language learners. By analyzing examples of cross-curricular activities suggested by university students who specialize in pedagogy and language, he argues that Christmas can be an adequate topic for the introduction of cross-curricular content in a foreign language class and for the development of different learners’ skills both at the primary and secondary levels. On the basis of the material collected from university students, he draws a conclusion that information from various school subjects can be integrated around Christmas within the monodisciplinary model which has been suggested in scholarly literature and which is discussed together with other models in the theoretical part of this article.

"C’est la faute à Voltaire". Encyclopédie et interprétation de conférence

Author(s): Laura Rasanu Maxim / Language(s): French / Issue: 5/2016

This paper is about learning to interpret, more precisely about cultural references, from the perspective of trainee or beginners interpreters. We pointed out that an interpreter never translates using only language knowledge (he must be able to understand the implicit). The main section of this study provides examples of interpretation errors pertaining to the extra-linguistic, encyclopedic knowledge, by reference field (medicine, geography, history, literature, film, politics, current events, society, food, chemistry). We have shown that the interpreter has to enrich the extra-linguistic background, in order to understand the source text more easily and accurately.

"Części mowy odmieniające się przez przypadki." - Feliks Żochowski

Author(s): Malgorzata B. Majewska / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 04/2017

"Essere" o "avere"? La selezione dell’ausiliare tra teoria e didattica nell’insegnamento dell’italiano a stranieri

Author(s): Davide Bozzo / Language(s): Italian / Issue: 2/2018

In the teaching of Italian L2, learners and teachers encounter difficulties when they are faced with the issue of auxiliary selection in the formation of compound tenses. If we analyse the way grammars for foreigners deal with the problem, we notice—between hypertrophic classifications and lists of exceptions—the lack of a model that is able to explain the phenomenon in a systematic and exhaustive manner. Looking at the source, i.e., the Italian L1 grammars, the syntactic model based on the distinction between transitive and intransitive verbs, both in its traditional and non-accusative version, is not suitable for application in L2 teaching, especially in the case of learners from countries where little room during class time is given to metalinguistic reflection. This paper aims to suggest an alternative semantic model that is capable of representing an orientation tool for learners and finding a balance between theoretical and teaching needs, as well as between learning and acquisition. According to our model—which moves the attention from government to diathesis and starts from the meaning of the auxiliaries as autonomous verbs—avere is used when the effects of the action expressed by the verb are directed towards the external world. Meanwhile, essere is used when such effects are directed towards the subject itself, that is, when the syntactic subject of the sentence represents the semantic object of the event, and it therefore assumes the role of the patient, typical of passive and middle diathesis.

"FIRE" AS THE "LOGO" OF THE ARTISTIC WORLDS

Author(s): Natalja Dyorina,Yuliya Yuzhakova,Liliya Polyakova,Tatyana Zalavina / Language(s): English / Issue: 3/2019

Fire as the ‘Logo’ of Artistic Worlds. The aim of the present paper is to analyse the image of fire created by two representatives, one of the Acmeist and the other of the Romantic school of poetry, N. Gumilev and S.T. Coleridge, revealing similarities and differences between their approaches. The obvious parallelism of the poets’ works is demonstrated, with particular attention paid to the fact that specific fire-related images were emphasised by Gumilev in his translation of Coleridge’s works. The attributes of the artistic universes of the Russian and of the English poet are shown: the continuity and constant interaction of their elements, the identity of the properties of the whole and of its various parts in each case.

"He wormed his way out o f trouble" - a constructional approach

Author(s): Iwona Góralczyk / Language(s): English / Issue: III/2001

"Kłótnia" i "kłótliwość" na tle stereotypów zawodowych i zwierzęcych w języku polskim i rosyjskim

Author(s): Michal Sarnowski / Language(s): Polish / Issue: V/2000

"Konversacionalizmi" i ligjërimit femëror në politikën shqiptare

Author(s): Anila Hima / Language(s): Albanian / Issue: 35/2017

The tendency of conversationalization in the public discourse is known as shifting boundaries between written and spoken discourse practices, shifting the public discourse towards a more conversational, informal and spontaneous style to create the impression of a casual conversation with the public. Analyzing a wide range of political speeches held in three discourse contexts - when politicians are in power, in opposition and in the personal context - this paper investigates the phenomenon of conversationalization in the discourse of Albanian female politicians. Using a qualitative and comparative analysis, we aim to examine the form, the context and the purpose of conversationalization in the political discourse of the female politicians. The results are that the tendency towards a conversational and sometimes rather casual discourse is documented on the morphological, syntactic, lexical and phonetic levels; secondly, it is not expressed constantly and consistently in the political discourse analyzed, but prevails in the speeches held by female politicians in the context of the opposition; and thirdly, its purpose is as much public understanding as possible, to gain more popularity in order to secure public understanding, sympathy and support.

"La Langue de Bois" et "Le Politiquement Correct" dans le Discours Public Roumain

Author(s): Sorina Serbanescu / Language(s): French / Issue: 16/2017

Le discours public roumain d’après la Révolution de '89 a gardé des anciennes habitudes langagières communistes dont "la langue de bois". D’autre côté, il a emprunté, comme une conséquence de la synchronisation trop rapide à la modernité, des clichés langagiers qui continuent les tendances agressives et autoritaires héritées du totalitarisme communiste. Notre analyse imbrique la sémantique du discours, la sémiotique, la pragmatique linguistique et la psycholinguistique, se concentrant sur des corpus tirés des discours publics des dernières dix années.

"Le convoi du 24 janvier" de Charlotte Delbo et la mémoire ressuscitée de la Déportation

Author(s): Beata Kedzia-Klebeko / Language(s): French / Issue: 10/2016

The novel Convoy to Auschwitz, a testimony of the concentration camp experiences of a famous French writer Charlotte Delbo appeared in France in 1966. This book expresses the author's ethical position, who admits that the language of literature is capable to express even those human experiences which seemed inexpressible or inexplicable. The novel Convoy to Auschwitz is a biographical account of the daily lives of 230 women who were deported from France to the concentration camp in Auschwitz. The author attempts to protect and preserve for the posterity the lives of silent female heroes who were doomed to die in the camp appalling living conditions because of their nationality, political views or race. The memory of them requires a written testimony because of passing time, insensitivity to the past of subsequent generations, and also because of possible free interpretations of history.

"Œdipe Roi" – De l’enquête policière à la quête identitaire : noms propres et descriptions définies

Author(s): Madalina Rasoga / Language(s): French / Issue: 4/2015

Sophocle’s tragedy, Oedipus the King, may be considered the first detective novel whose plot is built around the defining question of this literary genre: “Who is the murderer (x)?”. The existence of a murderer is thus presupposed since the beginning, which leads us to the first interpretation of the play, namely the referential investigation, aiming at the identification of the murderer to whom we assign the variable x. However, the real subject of the play is not the identity of the alleged murderer, but that of the eponymous character. The accent shifts from the referential investigation to Oedipus’s beliefs about his own origin (“Who am IŒdipe?”). Therefore, we propose a second reading level that leads us to the analysis of the play as the story of the quest for identity. We will sustain our hypothesis with the help of the notions of reference – seen from a double perspective: (i) logical vs (ii) pragmatic – and the universe of belief.

"ROMANIAN TODAY – AN OVERVIEW", BY MARINELA DOINA NISTEA

Author(s): Raluca Ghentulescu / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2012

"Savoirs professionnelles et curriculum de formation» sous la direction de Yves Lenoir et Marie-Hélène Bouillier-Oudot

Author(s): Ruxandra Constantinescu-Stefanel / Language(s): French / Issue: 16/2007

L'article est un compte-rendu du livre ecrit par treize sociologues de quatre pays francophones. Le livre=..'offre pas de solutions pratiques aux professeurs de fran9ais, mais constitue une composante importante desconnaissances general es de leur domaine. Les quelques solutions proposees aux prof esseurs de fran9ais sontpresentees brievement a la fin de I' article

"Волк" и "волколак" в славянской традиции в связи с архаическим ритуалом

Author(s): Vasilij Balušok / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 13/2001

The article is an attempt to reveal the correlation of the concepts of wolf and werewolf and the ritual of initiation in Indo-European peoples. Rich folklore-oriented, linguistic and ethnographic documentation has revealed that the transformation of a person into a wolf or a dog took place in critical moments of one’s life, such as the transition from adolescence to adulthood. On becoming adults, young men had to prove their valour, courage and unyielding attitude towards an enemy. The features constituted the basis of the future existence of an individual and the whole community.In various sources relating to Slavonic cultures, the motif of initiation, manifested by the transition of a person into a wolf, is present in the tradition of the wedding reception, in war campaigns, in the practice of looting or in admission to particular professional circles.

(Mikro)Syntax in Mikrotexten. Syntaktische Analyse von Märchentiteln

Author(s): Magdalena Makowska / Language(s): German / Issue: XIV/2012

The article poses an attempt to provide an answer to the question whether in case ofa literary title, treated as a microtext, it is possible to talk about its specific microsyntax.The subject of analysis encompasses titles of contemporary German fables which are classified due to their syntax construction. The aim of the article is to show what kinds ofsyntax constructions can be regarded as dominant among fable titles for children as wellas to explain what that dominance results from and in what way/s it can influence perceptionin case of such a text recipient that a child is.

(RI)VLERËSIMI I HIBRIDITETEVE GJUHËSORE: RASTI I SHQIPES

Author(s): Julie Kolgjini / Language(s): Albanian / Issue: 36/2017

Recently emphasis has been placed on locating linguistic materials that reveal intermediate and hybrid constructions in the language in attempts to address various multifaceted imbalances in language codification, including hegemonic forces of standard language ideology. Such a focus situates Auer’s dialect-standard constellations of various European languages in the limelight, thus yielding space for discussions regarding the development of diaglossic repertoires and destandardization tendencies involving centrifugal elements in relation to various centripetal impositions; such constructions allow us “to...explore the linguistic loot forgotten in the folds of time” (Rutten, Vosters, & Vandenbussche, 2014, p. 14). These linguistic dynamics can also be brought to light when codification efforts of Albanian are examined. Such tendencies involving varying degrees of di(a)glossic language practices can be surmised when investigating written and spoken forms of language. Such a trajectory disrupts fixed, homogenizing, and ortholinguistic standardization efforts that have attempted to stymie various language movements. This paper addresses the meshing of heteroglossic forms in various genres, registers, and modes in Albanian in historical and contemporary milieus, thereby highlighting di(a)glossic forces at work in everyday language practices; an emphasis will also be placed on various situated centrifugal elements, including truncated forms, where language histories and changes ‘from below’ are considered.

25 let Českého národního korpusu a nová aplikace

Author(s): Václav Cvrcek,Michal Kren / Language(s): Czech / Issue: 20/2019

3D-Management pour l’anticipation et la formation des compétences professionnelles avancées des agents économiques

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Author(s): Serguei I KAPITSA,Dmitry V GOLOHVASTOV / Language(s): French / Issue: 30/2014

La compétitivité de l’individu sur le marché du travail, de l’entreprise dans sonsecteur et du pays au niveau du système mondial, s’appuie sur la vision stratégique et surla prédiction, parfois intuitive et créative, du développement de l’environnement quiconcerne l’agent. L’approche de 3D-Management oriente des acteurs de l’activitééconomique à la nécessité d’agir au lieu de ré-agir. Pour atteindre le succès au niveauindividuel, corporatif ou national, il vaut mieux devenir agent que « ré-agent ». L’activité de formation dans le milieu global économique exige une analysesophistiquée de nombreux facteurs et facettes du développement car on ne peut pas selimiter à une logique linéaire et bornée. Pour maîtriser plusieurs dimensions de toute prisede décision, il faut savoir calculer, mais acquérir les compétences de voir la réalité sous lesangles différents, d’exprimer en langues et termes différents, est encore plus important etcrucial. La croissance innovante est construite sur la base d'une culture organisationnelleet économique anticipante. Les mécanismes de formation avancée visent à anticiper lesnouvelles compétences et les connaissances pour la ressource humaine ainsi que lesgestionnaires de l'entreprise.

4th International Language Management Symposium

Author(s): Halina Zawiszová,Martin Prošek / Language(s): English / Issue: 3/2016

This texts reports on the 4th International Language Management Symposium, held in September 2015 at Sophia University in Tokyo, Japan.