Етнички састав становништва Бањалуке крајем XIX века и почеком XX века

Author(s): Miroslav Niškanović / Language(s): Serbian Publication Year: 0

During the forty years of Austrian - Hungarian rule, ethnic composition of the inhabitants of Banja Luka changed a lot. Muslim community became smaller, and in the end of the period it had 40% of total population. Serbian community still had 20% of the population. Planned emigration caused the number of Catholics to be larger, and in the end of period it had 25% of entire population. Considering social - economic and political relations, complex social structure of the inhabitants was made. Inside it we can notice existence of heterogeneous social groups. They can be formed according to ethnic, religious, cultural, class, social background.

Rat u brojkama. Demografski gubici u ratovima na teritoriji bivše Jugoslavije od 1991. do 1999. Glavni izveštaji demografskih veštaka predstavljeni od strane tužilaštva na suđenjima u Međunarodnom krivičnom sudu za bivšu Jugoslaviju

Author(s): / Language(s): Serbian

Teenage Pregnancy: Time for Change and Action

Author(s): Chelsea Campbell,Kruti Lehenbauer / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Although the teenage pregnancy rate in the United States has declined over the years, it is still higher than the teenage pregnancy rates in other industrialized countries. This paper attempts to identify the types of changes that have occurred between 1994 and 2017 by comparing the results of a 1996 study by Ventura, Martin, Matthews & Clarke with the results obtained using the 2017 National Natality Dataset obtained from the Center of Disease Control via the National Center of Health Statistics. The new data from 2017 demonstrates that the proportions of teenage births have gone down over the past few years, and that the racial/ethnicity component of teenage childbearing is also showing a narrowing trend. Even though we recognize the downward trend in teenage pregnancy, the concerns regarding the long-term socioeconomic outcomes arising from teenage births are still at large. We conduct a quantitative Logit analysis to identify what factors increase the probability of teenage motherhood in the United States and also conduct a short analysis of relevant existing public policies to provide recommendations for improvements that could potentially reduce the risk factors of teenage pregnancy in the United States.

Summary

Author(s): Iva Šmídová,Lenka Slepičková,Eva Šlesingerová / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The Games of Life analyses current reproductive medicine in the Czech Republic. It targets biomedicine, as a concrete manifestation of modern society’s normalization of the Western approach to human health and illness by focusing on three specific fields: childbirth, assisted reproduction, and embryo manipulation. All three themes are approached with the concept of biopower as a form of governance and administration of modern populations (Foucault 1999).

Rozprávanie a mlčanie: medzigeneračná komunikácia v rodine

Author(s): Peter Salner,Monika Vrzgulová,Ľubica Voľanská / Language(s): Slovak

Family and the various forms of relationships and communications between the different generations in a family still represent a common object of research in the field of humanities, including ethnology. For most of us, family is a micro-world in which the major part of the human life happens. It offers us the initial information about the functioning of things and, in particular, about relationships between people, and creates the space in which we train communication. Within a family we learn in a non-violent way about how relationships between people –peers and members of different generations – work. We adopt opinions about what is going on around us, accept values and norms that we consequently use, modify and confront with the world outside the family sphere. Socialization in a family is the initial blueprint that forms our identity, the idea about who we are, where we belong to, whose continuation we are. Above all, family is an environment that is supposed to bring together its members through the feeling of mutual trust. It also offers the possibility (almost the obligation) to talk about confidential issues, but it can also create a “circle of silence” about phenomena which are taboo because of being painful and hurting both the speakers and the listeners. Especially in totalitarian regimes, family is endangered by the disclosure of certain facts, while others distort the positive image about its members. Family and society are interrelated as communicating vessels. Any changed conditions in society also change family, its forms, the relationships between generations, as well as the themes and the forms of communication within it. And vice versa – society responds (or should respond) to the needs and problems of family by means of special institutions. Today, the changes in communication in family are due to increased mobility of its members (education, work, personal fulfillment), individualization, as well as the development of new communication technologies. On one hand, there is the actual physical distance between the family members; on the other hand, the overcoming of such distance thanks to technological discoveries. In connection with family issues the developments in the European society of the 2nd half of the 20th century and the beginning of the 21st century have made us reflect about Martin Heidegger's statement: “The present times have overcome all distances, but have not created any proximity.” Another characteristic feature of a present-day family is the fact that the increased life expectancy trend allows for longer co-habitation and cultivation of relationships between three or even four generations. This creates a new potential for of inter-generational family relationships and extends the time lived in such relationships as adult individuals. The term generation can be described in several manners: for example, by an appropriately defined time interval related to the period of birth of individuals pertaining to a single generation. It is common to use the interval of 10 to 30 years, but other criteria can also be set for determining who pertains to which generation. Hence, a generation can be defined on the basis of the duration of a certain event (e.g. war generation) or structurally, like childhood (Wintersberger 2000: 6).

Assessing the Relationships between Demographics, Street Trees and Visual Recognition of Urban Buildings

Author(s): Yuen T. Tsang / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

As more “green” cities are emerging in the 21st century, human recognition of urban buildings can be obstructed by increasing amount of vegetation in urban areas. While the architectural designs of urban buildings are more complicated than before, architects often seek the maximum exposure of the design to public. If vegetation obstructs significant portions of an innovative design of a building, the visual value and attractiveness of the building can diminish greatly. People may not able to retain much visual and spatial memories about a building or even a city because their views are obstructed. This paper begins with a thorough review of current and past literature about the relationship between buildings, street trees, and visibility in urban environments. The purpose of this research is to identify factors that influence visual recognizability of buildings in an urban environment. First, a method called “green ratio” is proposed to quantify the amount of greenery that people can see on the ground. The result can be beneficial to urban planners, architects, city planners, urban geographers, and city tourism board for better integrating vegetation and buildings in a cityscape. The goal of understanding people’s visual recognition of urban objects is to raise inhabitant’s satisfaction, capture their attention, and make strong impressions towards the city.

Anatomy Of A Misfit: International Migration Statistics

Author(s): Ahmad Wali Ahmad Yar,Tuba Bircan / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Although many national states, international organisations e.g. the United Nations (UN), International Organisation for Migration (IOM), Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), and NGOs, have been collecting data on international migration, the gaps in data persisted for many decades. In the recent years, there have been, to some extent, improvements in the availability, quality and comparability of data on international migration [1]. The UN gathered and made the estimates of migrant stock disaggregated by age, sex, origin and destination available for over 230 countries and areas in the world, covering from 1990 to 2019 [2]. Additionally, the European Commission and the Council agreed on an action plan in 2005 to take measures to improve the common analysis of migratory phenomena in all their aspects such as reinforcing the collection, provision, exchange and efficient use of up to date information and data [3].

Demographic Gaps Between Syrian and the European Populations

Author(s): M. Murat Yüceşahin,Ibrahim Sirkeci / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

At least 6 million 148 thousand Syrians have been uprooted as a result of the crisis and conflict ongoing since 2011 in Syria. As of 6 August 2017, 5,165,502 have crossed the borders into neighbouring countries of Turkey, Lebanon, Jordan and Iraq whilst 983,876 moved further to Europe (UNHCR, 2017). A similar volume of population has been displaced within Syria too. This practically makes Syria one of the worst displacement cases in the history as more than half the contemporary population is displaced. Turkey with a long land border with Syria as well as historic links between populations, particularly in border provinces appeared as a favourite destination for Syrians who escape the conflict. As conflict grew and spread, in2012 and onwards, a sharp increase in the number of Syrians arriving in Turkey was observed (Yazgan et al., 2015; Sirkeci, 2017a). When Lebanon receiving proportionally the largest share of Syrian movers, Jordan, Egypt, and Iraq have also accommodated sizeable populations seeking refuge. Unlike the early days of the conflict when most movers preferred neighbouring countries, in later years, an increasing number of Syrians destined to Europe. There can be and are many factors moderating this behaviour. We can cite economic opportunities, democratic environment, as well as aspirations and cultures of migration among these factors. Certain political manoeuvres such as the German Chancellor Merkel’s welcoming message in 2015 have also played a role.

Demographic Transition – Morbidity and Causes of Death of the Elderly from 2015 to 2019 in the Republic of Croatia

Author(s): Agneza Aleksijević,Marko Aleksijević / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The aging of Europe’s population is a demographic phenomenon that indicates a decline in fertility and mortality rates and longer life expectancy. The population of the European Union (EU) is declining. EU residents made up 13.5% of the world’s population in 1960 and 6.9% in 2018, and it is projected that by 2070 that number will drop to 4%, considering the decline in the EU’s birth rate compared to global trends. This shows us the aging of the population and the impact on age structure and contributes to the inversion of the demographic pyramid. The current demographic situation affects economic, social, and health policy. Furthermore, it is impossible to disregard the COVID-19 disease that has changed the demographic structure in the EU and the world, which has completely changed our daily lives. This is especially true for the elderly population, a vulnerable group in this epidemic. Since 2019, the most frequently identified diseases and conditions in the elderly in the Republic of Croatia are circulatory system diseases (18.8%), musculoskeletal system and connective tissue diseases (11.95%), respiratory diseases (7.99%), and endocrine disorders, dietary diseases, and metabolic diseases (7.27%). There have been 247,372 hospitalizations of individuals over 65 recorded in the Republic of Croatia (292.79/1,000). According to the data on deaths from the Central Bureau of Statistics, 43,108 individuals aged 65 and older died in 2019 (in 2018, that number was 43,576), and the mortality rate for this age group was 51.02/1,000 (in 2018, the rate was 52.34/1,000). By reviewing the available data from the 2015-2019 period, the rankings of the most common diseases remained unchanged. The proportion of hospitalized individuals increased from 226,491 (in 2015) to 247,372 (in 2019), and the number of deaths, which shows a declining trend, ranged from 44,350 (in 2015) to 43,108 (in 2019). Aging requires optimization in the segment of health, participation, and safety. In contrast, improving life quality requires optimization following the needs through the active realization of one’ potential during life and participation in society.

Addressing inequalities: The collection of race statistics. A comparison between the European and the British approach to population registers

Author(s): Iris Egea Quijada / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Population registers collect relevant information about the migrant stock. Despite their formal formats, they are context-dependent and tied to the historical arrangements and social forces of each country (Simon, 2012). At the European level, there is no single approach to data collection. Recently, due to rising racism and inequalities, the collection of race statistics in population registers has triggered debate. In fact, in the field of migration studies, race is a highly contentious concept because its interpretation depends on specific contexts (Jacobs, 2018).

Narracje o miastach podzielonych w Europie Środkowej: Słubice i Frankfurt nad Odrą oraz Cieszyn i Czeski Cieszyn

Author(s): Elżbieta Opiłowska,Kamila Dolińska,Justyna Kajta,Julita Makaro,Natalia Niedźwiecka-Iwańczak / Language(s): Polish

Zarówno jakość danych, jak i rzetelność analityczna przyczyniają się do tego, że publikacja niniejsza ukazuje zniuansowany obraz życia miast podzielonych. Rodzą się w nich obrazy tożsamościowe budowane w oparciu o różnorodne reguły bliskości i odległości społecznej oraz terytorialnej, podobieństwa i różnice warunków życiowych oraz kulturowych, doświadczanych w bezpośrednim terytorialnym sąsiedztwie.dr hab. Dariusz Wojakowski, prof. AGH Książka ma w założeniach charakter interdyscyplinarny, jak zresztą cała tradycja współczesnych badań nad granicami i pograniczami. Jej głównym celem jest zaprezentowanie „bitwy narracyjnej" toczącej się w ramach dwumiast, a więc różnego rodzaju narracji i imaginacji, za pośrednictwem których konstruowana jest tożsamość tych miast w świadomości ich mieszkanek i mieszkańców. Istotnym elementem jest zwrócenie uwagi na niespójność między spotykanymi w badanych lokalizacjach deklaracjami ideowymi a życiem codziennym. dr Łukasz Rogowski, UAM

DEMOGRAFICKÉ SOUVISLOSTI

Author(s): Jana Havlíková,Kateřina Kubalčíková / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

Stárnutí obyvatelstva, jako výsledek dlouhodobě nízké porodnosti a stále se zvyšující střední délky života,1 je společným rysem očekávaného demografického vývoje všech Evropských zemí včetně České republiky. V roce 2013 byl podíl obyvatel starších 65 let 20,7% z celkového počtu obyvatelstva ČR, z uvedené hodnoty pak 3,9% představují lidé ve věku nad 80 let (Eurostat 2014).

Kariérová adaptabilita: Její podoby, proměny, souvislosti a role v životě mladých dospělých procházejících středním odborným vzděláváním

Author(s): / Language(s): Czech

Living in today’s rushed time full of various changes increases the demands on the individual’s ability to adapt to these changes. Career adaptability plays an important role in coping with changing demands in the field of work. What is career adaptability? Why is it important, and what does it affect? The answers to these questions and many others are provided in the monograph, entitled “Career adaptability: Its Forms, Changes, Contexts, and Roles in the Lives of Young Adults Undergoing Upper-Secondary Vocational Education,” which is the first publication written on this topic in the Czech language. In the book, a team of authors presents the construct of career adaptability and the results of unique research carried out in the Czech Republic. In the first part, the reader may find an analytical overview of various concepts of career adaptability and related concepts. The central part of the publication is devoted to the results of quantitatively conducted longitudinal research, which aimed to identify career adaptability and its relationships to several demographic, school, relational, and personality variables in the case of students and later graduates of upper-secondary vocational education—those who are in the crucial stages of their career construction. Many empirical findings concentrated in this book are beneficial not only for the career counseling theories and research on career adaptability but also for vocational education or career counseling practitioners.

Organizational Behavior Concepts and Research-I

Author(s): / Language(s): Turkish

Today, the importance of organizations is increasing day by day. The multiple functions and effects of national and international organizations necessitate new studies/research in the field of organizational culture and organizational behavior. Our primary goal has been to introduce the target audience we aim to address in our book to these new concepts and to prepare the ground for new research to be done. Our book, which aims to provide information to researchers, academicians, decision makers, practitioners, students who are interested in concepts and research in the field of organizational behavior, and to contribute to the national literature, consists of 21 chapters contributed by 28 authors. As can be understood from the subject distribution of the first book of our series, these studies will fill a very important gap in the field of organizational behavior and claim to be a source of new studies. We have completed our book work in a very difficult, troubled and stressful process due to the earthquakes affecting eleven provinces centered in Kahramanmaraş, which is called the disaster of the century in our country. It is admirable that our chapter authors, who were directly affected by these earthquakes, contributed to our book under difficult conditions. For this reason, first of all, I would like to express my thanks and gratitude to all our valuable and expert chapter authors who contributed and supported each other with intense labor, devotion, patience and patience in order to produce this work. In addition, I would like to express my endless thanks and respect to my esteemed teacher Prof. Dr. Mustafa TAŞLIYAN, who honored us by showing us the courtesy of writing a presentation to the book, who has always enlightened my path with his knowledge and experience and who has always been a role model for me, to Özgür Publishing House and its employees who worked meticulously in the preparation of the book for publication, to my family, my esteemed teachers, my friends and you, my esteemed readers, who have supported me in the process of writing the book and have helped me come to this day.

Kada se sretnu feminizam i religija

Author(s): / Language(s): Bosnian

Ideja o zborniku Kada se sretnu feminizam i religija nastala je nakon ciklusa seminara održanih u nekoliko bosanskohercegovačkih gradova na temu Etos rodne ravnopravnosti. Partnerski su ih organizirali IMIC Zajedno Sarajevo, TPO Fondacija iz Sarajeva i Omladinski forum iz Mostara, uz podršku Ekumenske ženske inicijative iz Omiša. Seminare su vodili doc. dr. Zilka Spahić Šiljak, dr. Drago Bojić i mr. sci. Božana Katava. Cilj je bio, dekonstrukcijom religijskih narativa o antropologiji čovjeka, pokazati mogućim reduciranje stereotipnih shvatanja uloge žene i muškarca u porodici i društvu, te pokazati da sveti tekstovi nude okvir i za egalitarna čitanja rodnih odnosa. Učesnici/e seminara su bili/e nastavnici/e, studenti/ce i aktivisti/ce iz Tuzle, Sarajeva i Mostara. Inspirirani teorijskim promišljanjima, ali i praktičnim refleksijama rodnih pitanja u bh. društvu, odlučili su napisati kraće tekstove za ovaj zbornik i tako doprinijeti raspravama o rodnoj ravnopravnosti. Tekstovi su produkt interpretiranja vlastitih iskustava, promišljanja, ideja, viđenja i stavova kroz različite i zasebno tematizirane narative koji predstavljaju dijelove mozaika rodne politike u našem društvu.

ТЕНДЕНЦИИ И СТРАТЕГИИ ЗА ВЪЗСТАНОВЯВАНЕ НА ИКОНОМИЧЕСКАТА И ОБЩЕСТВЕНАТА СИСТЕМА СЛЕД ПАНДЕМИЯТА ОТ COVID-19

Author(s): Lyudmila Prigoda,Zoran Čekerevac,Mina Angelova,Daniela Pastarmadzhieva,Daniela Todorova,Krasimir Krastanov,Nina Gergova,Ilina Nacheva,Antoaneta Hristova,Desislava Dineva,Tsvetelina Panchelieva,Diana Bakalova,Valentina Dolmova,Ilina Nacheva,Iliya Gatovski,Georgi Dimitrov,Elitsa Hristova,Irina Yaneva-Damianova,Andrey Simeonov,Kiril Desev,Dragomir Genov,Penyo Georgiev,Borislav Arnaudov,Daniel Yordanov,Violeta Mutafchieva,Tashko Minkov,Christina Nikolova,Veronika Garkova,Dina Tzonevska,Galina Mratskova,Dimo Zhelev,Kadifka Asanova Borizanova,Nikolay Nikolov,Dilyana Tyufekchieva Hristova,Maria Brestnichka,Ivaylo Tsolov,Mariana Ianeva,Ralitsa Georgieva,Tihomir Draganov,Maria Vodenicharova,Nickolay Tsonev,Svetoslav Kaleychev,Nikola Gaydarov,Petko Truhchev,Adalbert Milanov,Daniela Ventsislavova Georgieva,Vesela Dimitrova,Teodorina Turlakova,Gergana Slavova,Svetoslav Spasov / Language(s): English,Bulgarian

The Conference Proceedings contain papers presented at the International Scientific Conference on: "TRENDS AND STRATEGIES FOR THE RECOVERY OF THE ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL SYSTEM AFTER THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC". It has been held during the period 15-17 March 2023 within the project "ASSESSMENT OF ECONOMIC, SOCIAL AND FINANCIAL IMPLICATIONS OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON THE TRANSPORT SECTOR AND MEASURES FOR RECOVERY", funded by the Scientific Research Fund of the Ministry of Education and Science under the Contract No. INI - KP-06-DK2/4 of 30.03.2021. The project has being implemented by a team from the Department of Transport and Energy Economics at the UNWE. The scientific forum brought together scientists from the social sciences, with the primary objective of identifying and discussing options for early management of crises arising from pandemics and strategies for post-crisis recovery. Thirty-three papers were presented during the Forum. Conference participants also held a roundtable discussion on "Issues of Sustainable Development and Economic and Societal Recovery from the COVID-19 Pandemic". The International Scientific Conference was attended by scientists and researchers from 10 different scientific organisations, including the University of National and World Economy, University of Plovdiv "Paisii Hilendarski", Todor Kableshkov University of Transport, MB University in Belgrade, Serbia, Institute for Population and Human Studies at the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, University of Food Technologies - Plovdiv, Institute of Psychology - Ministry of Interior, Thracian University - Stara Zagora, International Higher Business School, University of Economics - Varna, the Higher School of Insurance and Finance, Institute of Ethnology and Folklore Studies with Ethnographic Museum at the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences.

Censuses in Slovakia in the interwar and post-war period

Author(s): Pavol Tišliar,Branislav Šprocha / Language(s): English

The publication deals with individual census actions that took place in Slovakia in the interwar and post-war period. It analyses and evaluates the preparation, the course and partly evaluates the selected results of the censuses. One of the main objectives of the authors was to evaluate the quality of the results of census actions as a historical source. The publication is based primarily on archival research carried out in Slovak and Czech archives. In terms of the basic concept, the monograph is based on the publication P. Tišliar – B. Šprocha: Malé dejiny veľkých akcií: Sčítania ľudu a súpisové akcie na Slovensku v rokoch 1919 – 1950. Trnava: UCM, 2022, 350 s. ISBN 978-80-572-0267-7.

Aging Population - From Research to Public Policy

Author(s): / Language(s): English

Population aging is a demographic trend that is taking place on a global scale. According to the Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the UN (2020), almost every country in the world is witnessing a population growth in the size and proportion of older persons. Approximately 728 million people are aged 65 and over, and the number is expected to increase in the next 30 years. The share of the global population aged 65+ is also expected to reach around 16% in 2050. These numbers call for institutional action where the academic community and policy makers should unite to find a way to manage this unprecedented global trend. In this context, it is crucial to identify the various problems of aging from the perspective of different disciplines (economics, organization and management, entrepreneurship, sociology, law, medicine, communication, etc.) and to find solutions that require, among other things, a multi-stakeholder approach. This approach relies on the synergy effect of various stakeholders, including public policymakers, national and local administration, the business sector, the health sector, and civil society. Unlocking the potential of knowledge sharing and embracing innovative approaches towards the multifaceted challenges of aging – encompassing financial well-being, quality of life, digital environment, new technologies, and cultural perceptions of the elderly – is the key to transforming this process into an opportunity by discovering effective solutions. This is the fourth in a series of publications dealing with population aging. The insights gathered during the previous editions - Aging Society: Rethinking and Redesigning Retirement (2020), Strategic Approach to Aging Population: Experience and Challenges (2021), and Economics and Aging: Emerging Issues (2022) served as an impetus for the publication of the fourth editorial book entitled “Aging Population: From Research to Public Policy”. The content of the book and the authors of the contributions come from different scientific fields, proving once again that the complex and multiple nature of population aging requires a multidisciplinary approach in its research nature. We want to thank all the authors who recognize the research potential and scientific interest in this demographic issue and who, with their researches, contributed to the economics of aging as an area that is increasingly being acknowledged and explored. Let us hope academic researchers and policymakers will intensify dialogue to design more policy measures for population aging.

Economics And Business Of Aging

Author(s): / Language(s): English

The aging population is an inevitable global trend with significant economic and societal impacts. As people live longer, the traditional life stages of education, work, and retirement are redefined. This aging process places macroeconomic pressures on both the economy and society. However, with technological advancements and supportive business and public policies acknowledging this demographic shift, aging can present opportunities rather than merely challenges. Understanding the aging process, its consequences, and the needs of older adults is crucial for economic and societal well-being. Age is a complex concept that includes chronological, biological, and other dimensions, all of which significantly influence the behavior of older individuals. Therefore, it is essential to deepen our understanding of population aging from various scientific perspectives and to develop innovative solutions and robust institutional support to create an economy and society that effectively integrates older individuals. The edited volume “Economics and Business of Aging” addresses research on demographic challenges, focusing on various aspects of population aging. With contributions from diverse authors and different scientific fields, the book provides a comprehensive view of aging, covering economic, medical, and health-related aspects. This wide array of research offers readers valuable insights into the numerous challenges and implications of aging. Although the book primarily aims at the academic community, its findings are also relevant to a broader audience. Managers and administrators can use these insights to improve work organization, manage an aging workforce, develop products and services for older consumers, and help public decision-makers enhance policies for the older population. We extend our gratitude to all the contributing authors and hope that their research will contribute to building a more age-friendly economy and society.

Židé v Čechách 4 - Sborník příspěvků ze semináře konaného 17. a 18. října 2012 v Trutnově

Author(s): / Language(s): Czech

On October 17-18 2012 in Trutnov, the Jewish Museum in Prague, in collaboration with the State District Archive in Trutnov and the Museum of Podkrkonoší in Trutnov, hosted the fourth meeting of archivists, historians, and regional museum workers focused on Jewish history in the Czech Republic, particularly modern issues and border regions' history. The seminar included discussions on the contribution of Jews to industrial business development, the history of individual Jewish communities, and lesser-known Jewish personalities in both Czech and world history. It also covered broader demographic research results and the documentation of immovable monuments. The next seminar was planned for autumn 2014 in Teplice, with an expanded focus on post-1945 Jewish history in the Czech Republic. The authors are responsible for their studies' content, and the spelling of "žid" or "Žid" is left to their discretion.