EMAN 2024 – Economics &amp; Management: How to Cope with Disrupted Times - CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS

Exploring the Macroeconomic Trajectory in Romania: Analysis of Key Developments and Trends in the Period 2022–2026

Exploring the Macroeconomic Trajectory in Romania: Analysis of Key Developments and Trends in the Period 2022–2026
(Exploring the Macroeconomic Trajectory in Romania: Analysis of Key Developments and Trends in the Period 2022–2026)

Author(s):Gabriela Daniela Bordeianu, Violeta Hayaparu
Language:English
Subject(s):Social Sciences
Page Range:1-8
No. of Pages:8
Keywords:Macroeconomic indicators; Economic policies; Fiscal policies; Economic landscape
Summary/Abstract:This scientific article endeavors to dissect the complex and dynamic macroeconomic landscape of Romania, offering an extensive analysis of pivotal developments and emerging trends from 2022 to 2026. The study navigates through a diverse array of economic indicators, policy frameworks, and global influences, seeking to unravel the multifaceted forces shaping Romania’s economic trajectory during this critical period. The analysis unfolds against the backdrop of a rapidly evolving global economic scenario, with Romania standing at the crossroads of various challenges and opportunities. By scrutinizing key sectors such as finance, industry, and services, as well as closely examining fiscal policies and their impacts, this research aims to provide a holistic understanding of the nation’s economic dynamics. In summary, this article aspires to be a comprehensive guide to Romania’s macroeconomic landscape from 2022 to 2026. Through a nuanced exploration of key developments and emerging trends, the research contributes to the body of knowledge surrounding Romania’s economic dynamics. It serves as a valuable resource for policymakers, economists, and stakeholders seeking to navigate the complexities of the country’s economic journey and make informed decisions in the pursuit of sustainable growth and prosperity.

Impact of Incentives on Public Sector Performance: Comparing African and European Systems

Impact of Incentives on Public Sector Performance: Comparing African and European Systems
(Impact of Incentives on Public Sector Performance: Comparing African and European Systems)

Author(s):Olusegun Oladapo Akarele
Language:English
Subject(s):Social Sciences
Page Range:9-18
No. of Pages:10
Keywords:Public sector employees; Productivity; Europe; Africa; Incentives; Comparative analysis
Summary/Abstract:This paper examines the varying impact of financial and non-financial incentives on public sector performance across Africa and Europe. Using a mixed-method comparative analysis, the study highlights key differences: in Africa, intrinsic motivators such as job satisfaction and organizational commitment drive productivity, while in Europe, structured financial incentives like performance-related pay (PRP) play a significant role. However, the effectiveness of PRP is uneven, particularly in decentralized government institutions. The paper advocates for a hybrid incentive model that integrates both intrinsic and extrinsic motivators, tailored to each region’s cultural and economic contexts, to enhance public sector performance.

IInternational Trade Relations of the CEFTA 2006 Countries

IInternational Trade Relations of the CEFTA 2006 Countries
(International Trade Relations of the CEFTA 2006 Countries)

Author(s):Marko Tomljanović, Igor Cvečić, Ana Malnar
Language:English
Subject(s):Social Sciences
Page Range:19-29
No. of Pages:12
Summary/Abstract:The research aims to analyse the international trade relations of CEFTA-2006 countries. The research is based on secondary data obtained from the World Bank database and covers the period 2010-2022. The analysis includes key indicators of international trade, such as: (1) indicators showing the importance of foreign trade for the national economy; and (2) indicators of international trade that focus on competitiveness and the benefits of participation in international trade. The research identified a significant import dependence of the assessed group of countries, where the EU was identified also as a major trading partner. The results show that significant gains have been achieved, although international competitiveness has stagnated, which is particularly evident in the export of high-tech products. As the process of European integration intensifies, the CEFTA-2006 countries need to find more efficient ways to increase competitiveness and invigorate the convergence process, especially through reforms that could boost economic progress and further integration.

The Minimum Vital Income Determination: The Importance and the Effects on the Albanian Economy

The Minimum Vital Income Determination: The Importance and the Effects on the Albanian Economy
(The Minimum Vital Income Determination: The Importance and the Effects on the Albanian Economy)

Author(s):Sorina Koti
Language:English
Subject(s):Social Sciences
Page Range:31-37
No. of Pages:8
Keywords:Minimum vital income; Wage; Law; Poverty
Summary/Abstract:The paper aims to analyze and determine the factors that affect the minimum vital income in Albania, as well as the importance in the social-economy life. The paper will conduct research on different methods of determining the minimum vital income and the formula for calculating it. The minimum vital income is a legal norm that originates from the constitutional rights of citizens. In the formulation of the vital minimum, the objective of ensuring the well-being of the individual must be taken into consideration and evaluated following the concept of human dignity provided for in the Constitution, in such a way that the individual, in addition to a dignified life, is given access to at least minimum in cultural, social and political life. Hence, the paper will analyze the main indicators; it will give a comparison between the minimum vital income and wage, as well as, it will determine the value of the minimum vital income for Albania, based on the chosen formula (research on international literature and institutions). At the end, the research will conclude with the importance of setting a minimum vital income in Albania, as a way for overcoming the poverty level.

The Tax System in Albania and Its Impact on the Investor. Comparative Analysis with Countries in the Region

The Tax System in Albania and Its Impact on the Investor. Comparative Analysis with Countries in the Region
(The Tax System in Albania and Its Impact on the Investor. Comparative Analysis with Countries in the Region)

Author(s):Marsida Herremi
Language:English
Subject(s):Social Sciences
Page Range:39-47
No. of Pages:10
Keywords:Fiscal system; Profit tax; Personal income tax; Value-added tax
Summary/Abstract:This study aims to empirically analyze the impact of different tax rates on the dynamics of investments at the macroeconomic level in Albania. In this study, a comparative analysis will be carried out with some of the countries in the region. Countries such as Albania, Kosovo*, the Republic of North Macedonia, Montenegro, Bosnia-Herzegovina, and Serbia, which are part of the Balkans, have similarities regarding the tax systems and rates they apply to corporate profits, personal income, and consumption. These countries were chosen for the comparative analysis because of the similarity in historical, economic, and social developments. However, even between these countries, there are obvious differences regarding development policies which will be highlighted during the analysis. The data were obtained from the Bank of Albania, the fiscal legislation of Albania, and the fiscal legislation of all relevant countries taken for comparison. Based on the tax system of each country, we will reach the conclusion of what impact they have on foreign direct investments.

Measuring Customs Revenue Performance: Insights from North Macedonia

Measuring Customs Revenue Performance: Insights from North Macedonia
(Measuring Customs Revenue Performance: Insights from North Macedonia)

Author(s):Danijela Miloshoska, Aleksandar Trajkov, Vera Karadjova
Language:English
Subject(s):Social Sciences
Page Range:49-59
No. of Pages:12
Keywords:Customs revenue performance; Revenue performance measurement; Key performance indicators; North Macedonia; Macedonian customs
Summary/Abstract:With the continuous evolution of global trade dynamics, the role of customs authorities in ensuring efficient revenue collection has become very important. Effective customs performance measurement significantly enhances the efficiency and transparency of revenue collection processes. This study examines the performance metrics associated with revenue collection and safeguarding financial interests within the context of Macedonian Customs. The study focuses on key performance indicators such as the Proportion of customs collection of total revenue and Proportion of customs collection of total tax revenue, Rate of revenue target achievement, Variation of customs collection over time as a percentage of GDP, and Level of customs collection relative to the variation of international trade-imports. This study utilized secondary data sourced from official statistics, employing statistical methods to calculate the key performance metrics associated with customs revenue collection. Based on the determined key performance indicators, the study’s findings help identify areas where customs operations can be improved to increase revenue collection efficiency and support well-informed resource allocation decisions.

The Impact of Population Ageing and Demographic Changes in Pension Schemes in Europe

The Impact of Population Ageing and Demographic Changes in Pension Schemes in Europe
(The Impact of Population Ageing and Demographic Changes in Pension Schemes in Europe)

Author(s):Enkeleda Shehi
Language:English
Subject(s):Social Sciences
Page Range:61-68
No. of Pages:8
Keywords:Population ageing; Demographic changes; Pension schemes; Pension expenditures; Pension reforms; EU countries
Summary/Abstract:This paper examines how population ageing influences pension expenditures across European Union (EU) countries, drawing upon different statistical data. The ageing demographic, characterized by extended life expectancy and diminishing birth rates, presents challenges to the current pension systems. With projections indicating fewer contributors and more retirees in the future, pension expenses are expected to strain public finances and impact intergenerational equity. As ageing trends persist, adjustments in regulations, policy reforms, and diversified financial approaches become very important in order to uphold the adequacy and equity of pension systems. This research underscores the necessity for reforms aimed at ensuring the enduring sustainability of pension systems amidst these demographic shifts.

Supply and Demand for Apples in V4 Countries

Supply and Demand for Apples in V4 Countries
(Supply and Demand for Apples in V4 Countries)

Author(s):Elena Hoškova
Language:English
Subject(s):Social Sciences
Page Range:69-77
No. of Pages:10
Keywords:Demand for apples; Supply of apples; Export of apples; Import of apples; Self-sufficiency
Summary/Abstract:The paper aims to identify trends in the supply and demand of the apple market in the V4 countries. The data for the analysed years 2002- 2023 are obtained from Eurostat. Descriptive and regression analysis is used. The results of the analyses show that the highest production and consumption of apples is in Poland. Poland has the largest area of apple orchards, but also the highest yield among the countries surveyed. Supply modelling shows that the supply of apples is most influenced by yield. The modelling of the demand for apples shows that in the V4 countries with lower domestic production, the demand for apples is most significantly influenced by imports.

Strategy for the Development of the Serbian Fruit Industry in Disruptive Times

Strategy for the Development of the Serbian Fruit Industry in Disruptive Times
(Strategy for the Development of the Serbian Fruit Industry in Disruptive Times)

Author(s):Reka Korhecz, Otilija Sedlak, Aleksandra Marcikić Horvat
Language:English
Subject(s):Social Sciences
Page Range:79-87
No. of Pages:10
Keywords:Development; Fruit industry; Disruptive times
Summary/Abstract:Scope of the contribution in addition to economic development, creating gross domestic product and creating jobs, agriculture plays a key role in ensuring food security. All these facts become especially important in disruptive times. The work is partly an evaluation of one of the most important sectors of agriculture - an analysis of the fruit industry in Serbia. In parallel with that, the main goal of the research and also the aimed benefits for the reader is to show the state of the fruit market in terms of production capacity, export, import, and a detailed analysis of the key players in the sector. The main used methods were descriptive statistics and SWOT analysis of two fruit industries in Serbia. Based on the analysis, the possibilities for the development of the fruit industry will be presented findings which could be potential strategies for the improvement of this sector will be formulated.

Promoting Cooperation: Factors Affecting Profit Sharing Among Farmers and Cold Stores in Albania

Promoting Cooperation: Factors Affecting Profit Sharing Among Farmers and Cold Stores in Albania
(Promoting Cooperation: Factors Affecting Profit Sharing Among Farmers and Cold Stores in Albania)

Author(s):Ina Pagria, Anjeza Bekolli
Language:English
Subject(s):Social Sciences
Page Range:89-94
No. of Pages:6
Keywords:Cooperation; Profit distribution; Farmers; Cold stores; Cooperative Game Theory
Summary/Abstract:The purpose of this study is to analyze some of the factors that influence the agreement of the members in the distribution of the profits that come as a result of the cooperation. The linear regression model is used as a statistical model. In the study, two links in the supply chain were identified: the farmers who produce the product and the cold stores (refrigerated warehouses) who buy it. This study was done in Albania, one of the most popular areas for the production and cultivation of apple products, in the area of Korca. There exist two moments of cooperation, one between refrigerated warehouses, which can combine joint orders to benefit from reductions in the purchase cost and the other between the farmers themselves. At the end of the study, it is noticed that the agreement of the members in the division of the profit depends on the importance they attach to maximization of the personal profit, the members’ equal distribution, the main contributor, and the higher risk taker. As one of the most useful mathematical models for dividing the result between the members of a cooperative situation, the authors suggest the application of the cooperative game theory model.

Circular Approach as an Alternative for Escalating Constraints in the Agri-Food System: A Case Study for Livestock Farms in Albania

Circular Approach as an Alternative for Escalating Constraints in the Agri-Food System: A Case Study for Livestock Farms in Albania
(Circular Approach as an Alternative for Escalating Constraints in the Agri-Food System: A Case Study for Livestock Farms in Albania)

Author(s):Dorjan Marku, Gjergji Mero, Aldona Minga
Language:English
Subject(s):Social Sciences
Page Range:95-101
No. of Pages:8
Keywords:Circular economy; Livestock production; Food system
Summary/Abstract:The circular economy approach in the agri-food sector can lead to increased efficiency, food security, reduction of food loss and waste and offer opportunities for increasing the economic value. The study provides an overview of farmer’s knowledge and awareness of the concept of circularity and the level of implementation in Albania, aiming to assess the potential of a circular economy approach in livestock production. Through a combination of qualitative and quantitative research, farmer’s perceptions of the importance of specific circular practices were analyzed. The study highlighted the importance of circularity in optimizing resource utilization, reducing waste, and contributing to a regenerative and resilient food system. Besides, the results evidenced the need to address the lack of knowledge and education in sustainable agriculture.

Stock Market Instability and Investor Overreaction

Stock Market Instability and Investor Overreaction
(Stock Market Instability and Investor Overreaction)

Author(s):Rosa Galvão, Rui Dias, Cristina Palma, Paulo Alexandre, Sidalina Gonçalves
Language:English
Subject(s):Social Sciences
Page Range:103-110
No. of Pages:8
Keywords:Overreaction; Serial autocorrelation; Central and Eastern Europe
Summary/Abstract:Given the events in 2022, characterised by Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, the financial markets were affected by a spiral of mistrust and overreactions in various geographies. The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the serial autocorrelation of stock prices on the capital markets of Slovakia (SAX 16), Hungary (BUX), Russia (MOEX), the Czech Republic (PRAGUE SE PX) and Slovenia (SBI TOP), during the period from 24 February 2022 to 23 November 2023, encompassing the Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022. In the Hungarian (BUX) and Slovakian (SAX 16) markets, price movements are not random but influenced by their historical prices, suggesting investor overreactions to new information. On the other hand, in the markets, Russia (MOEX), the Czech Republic (PRAGUE SE PX) and Slovenia (SBI TOP), price movements show a positive correlation with their histories, indicating more predictable patterns in investor behaviour.

Deep Diving Into Sustainable Stock Markets Connectivity Analysis

Deep Diving Into Sustainable Stock Markets Connectivity Analysis
(Deep Diving Into Sustainable Stock Markets Connectivity Analysis)

Author(s):Cristina Palma, Rui Dias, Rosa Galvão, Paulo Alexandre, Sidalina Gonçalves
Language:English
Subject(s):Social Sciences
Page Range:111-119
No. of Pages:10
Keywords:Contagion; Clean energy; Gold and silver; Safe haven
Summary/Abstract:This study’s purpose is to assess the safe haven characteristics of the precious metals Gold, Handy & Harman, Silver and Handy & Harman concerning the clean energy indices S&P Global Clean Energy and WilderHill Clean Energy, testing this evidence through the contagion phenomenon. The results indicate that Gold and Silver act as safe-haven assets with clean energy indices such as the WilderHill Clean Energy Index and the S&P GLOBAL CLEAN ENERGY. So, investors tend to favour Gold and Silver over clean energy indices in periods of uncertainty in the financial markets due to their identified stability and security. This perception is attributed to the historical function of precious metals as stores of value and their vast industrial applications and acceptance as forms of payment. These results have important implications for investment decisions, especially during periods of volatility and uncertainty in the financial markets.

Heating Oil Prices and the Chaotic Growth Model

Heating Oil Prices and the Chaotic Growth Model
(Heating Oil Prices and the Chaotic Growth Model)

Author(s):Vesna Jablanović
Language:English
Subject(s):Social Sciences
Page Range:121-124
No. of Pages:4
Keywords:Heating oil; Price; Stability; Chaos
Summary/Abstract:This paper analyzes the local stability of the created chaotic heating oil prices growth model. It is proved that the logistic map is a useful framework for creating the chaotic heating oil prices growth model. Also, it is important to analyze the local growth stability of heating oil prices in the period 2002-2024. This paper confirms the existence of convergent fluctuations in heating oil prices in the observed period.

Analysis of Financing Sources for SMEs In Croatia

Analysis of Financing Sources for SMEs In Croatia
(Analysis of Financing Sources for SMEs In Croatia)

Author(s):Marina Klacmer Calopa
Language:English
Subject(s):Social Sciences
Page Range:125-130
No. of Pages:6
Keywords:Financing sources; SMEs; Entrepreneurship
Summary/Abstract:This paper presents sources of financing for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Croatia. The paper presents the problems that the companies have when financing the development of SMEs, and then traditional and alternative types of enterprise financing in the Republic of Croatia. This paper researches the scientific and professional literature over the past decade (before, during and after the COVID-19 crisis), primarily drawing from the Web of Science database and utilizes an analytical approach to detect issues accompanying financing sources for SMEs in Croatia. The analysis focuses on quantitative research methods to review selected articles based on keywords such as entrepreneurship, financing sources, and SMEs. Only articles aligning with the specific aims of this paper will undergo in-depth examination. The obtained results from the analysis of sources of financing will be presented through examples from business practice.

Evolution of Artificial Intelligence in the Banking Sector: A Systematic Literature Review

Evolution of Artificial Intelligence in the Banking Sector: A Systematic Literature Review
(Evolution of Artificial Intelligence in the Banking Sector: A Systematic Literature Review)

Author(s):Majlinda Godolja, Laureta Domi
Language:English
Subject(s):Social Sciences
Page Range:131-139
No. of Pages:10
Keywords:Artificial intelligence in banking; AI in financial services; Machine learning in banking
Summary/Abstract:The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the banking sector has revolutionized how financial institutions operate, interact with customers, and manage risks. This systematic literature review explores the evolution of AI applications in banking, highlighting technological advancements, implementation challenges, and future directions. By analyzing research from the past decade, this review provides insights into how AI technologies have transformed banking operations, customer service, and financial products. The banking sector has witnessed significant transformations due to AI, with innovations aimed at enhancing efficiency, customer experience, and security. The introduction of AI in banking is not just a recent phenomenon but a continuous evolution that has accelerated in the past decade, influenced by advancements in machine learning, natural language processing, and data analytics technologies. The evolution of AI in the banking sector is a testament to the transformative potential of technology in finance. While challenges remain, the ongoing advancements in AI promise a future where banking is more efficient, secure, and customer-centric. The continued research and development in AI technologies will be crucial in shaping the next generation of banking services.

Institutional Capacity in Sustainable Policy Implementation – Selected Practice from the Serbian Banking Sector

Institutional Capacity in Sustainable Policy Implementation – Selected Practice from the Serbian Banking Sector
(Institutional Capacity in Sustainable Policy Implementation – Selected Practice from the Serbian Banking Sector)

Author(s):Slađana Sredojević
Language:English
Subject(s):Social Sciences
Page Range:141-147
No. of Pages:8
Summary/Abstract:Sustainability as an official paradigm of both the business community and public sector worldwide is embedded in the strategies of institutions. In order to be ready and capable of acting in this manner, to meet the growing and sophisticated needs of clients, and green transformation of economies, i.e. to make a positive impact, the banking sector is being transformed at the same time experiencing significant changes requiring a proper set of skills. In combination with empirical and desk research, a comparative analysis of selected international practices and the banking sector of Serbia has been done. Research has a goal to analyze relevant components of the institutional capacity as the precondition for the successful implementation of ESG and sustainable finance policies. Findings of the research show that banks allocate lending to various sectors with strong green impact and are active in building and strengthening capacities, including reliance on partnerships and collaborations with other partner institutions, such as international financial institutions and national banking associations. Good practice on Guidelines for capacity strengthening in the implementation of sustainability and ESG policies from the local banking market, as a result of partnership in the banking sector, will be disclosed.

Financial Literacy and Income Inequality in the European Emerging Countries

Financial Literacy and Income Inequality in the European Emerging Countries
(Financial Literacy and Income Inequality in the European Emerging Countries)

Author(s):Simona Gabriela Masca
Language:English
Subject(s):Social Sciences
Page Range:149-158
No. of Pages:10
Summary/Abstract:This study highlights the distributional impact of financial literacy by using annual cross-country panel data from a sample of Central, Eastern, and Southeastern European countries observed during the period 2012-2017. Particular attention is dedicated to financial competencies regarding various aspects of interest rates, inflation, and risk diversification issues. Our empirical approach, based on the estimated generalized least square method, allows us to identify those groups of individuals who benefit in terms of relative incomes based on different financial skills. The findings reveal a strong positive correlation between risk diversification knowledge and overall and top-bottom income inequality. Important policy implications are drawn in the case of the emerging European countries.

Circular Economy and Financial Accounting

Circular Economy and Financial Accounting
(Circular Economy and Financial Accounting)

Author(s):Aida Mosko
Language:English
Subject(s):Social Sciences
Page Range:159-168
No. of Pages:10
Summary/Abstract:Financial accounting has an important role in managing financial information in the circulating economy. The transition from a linear economy to a circular economy requires innovation in all parts of the life cycle of materials and various challenges related to proper and effective financial accounting. At the core of this economic model is the development of a sustainable process throughout the life cycle of products, from production to the final stage. Through finance and accounting, the business has the ability to keep track of its financial health and reliability and also drive the transaction towards the circular economy. The accounting and reporting techniques designed for the linear economy are not the right ones to represent the value of circular businesses. Accounting must analyse and report to all relevant stakeholders of a company on financial and non-financial performance and enable them to understand the value and impact of the circular economy. To achieve this goal, our current way of doing business must change, and accounting has a major role to play in that. This paper aims first to identify and analyse the main financial accounting challenges related to the circular economy and also to draw attention to the importance of redefining value, impact and risk to advance the circular transition and expand business opportunities.

Business Management Theories in Classical Italian Accounting: The Historical Contribution of Fabio Besta

Business Management Theories in Classical Italian Accounting: The Historical Contribution of Fabio Besta
(Business Management Theories in Classical Italian Accounting: The Historical Contribution of Fabio Besta)

Author(s):Annalisa Baldissera
Language:English
Subject(s):Social Sciences
Page Range:169-177
No. of Pages:10
Summary/Abstract:The study aims to reconstruct the historical contribution to the knowledge of business management that Fabio Besta, one of the leading Italian accounting scholars, offered to the country between the 19th and 20th centuries. This contribution derived both from his scientific elaboration and his teaching activity, thanks to which his principles were transmitted to the young students of the schools in which he taught. From a methodological point of view, the research made use of a literature review focused on the author’s main works, to capture his major reflections on the subject of business management. The results of the study show how Fabio Besta’s theory revolves around the principle of economic control, understood as continuous monitoring and careful measurement of the economic and financial performance of the enterprise. Moreover, the research shows that the author’s theoretical approach has been strongly influenced by new needs coming from companies.

Digitalization of Insurance Sector: Issues and Challenges in Western Balkan States

Digitalization of Insurance Sector: Issues and Challenges in Western Balkan States
(Digitalization of Insurance Sector: Issues and Challenges in Western Balkan States)

Author(s):Armanda Tola
Language:English
Subject(s):Social Sciences
Page Range:179-186
No. of Pages:8
Summary/Abstract:The digital transformation has increased its relevance for insurance companies in recent years, as one of the main drivers of insurance market development. As with any revolution, it comes with opportunities and challenges, especially for the information technology departments to increase the effectiveness of business processes. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive overview of digital technologies and their capacity implemented in the insurance industry in some of the Western Balkan states Albania, Kosovo*, and North Macedonia. The data was collected from a survey initiated by Deloitte in Poland called “Insurtech 2022 Survey” which was distributed to some selected Central European states, to identify industry trends and examine the needs of insurers and capabilities of Insurtech companies. This study uses results from primary data gathered from this survey which was delivered to all non-life insurance companies in Albania, Kosovo*, and North Macedonia and was answered by more than 70% of them. The aim was to examine the industry trends and determine both the needs of insurers and the capabilities of the insurance industry. The paper discusses Insurtech tools implemented in these business processes, evaluates the effectiveness of their use, and identifies the associated risks. The conclusion revealed that North Macedonia has spent and plans to spend more than the other is the most significant study with Insurtech companies, in positive line with the volumes of gross annual premiums. The paper also discusses Insurtech tools implemented in non-life insurance companies, assesses the effectiveness of their use, and identifies the associated risks. The results illustrate three major tasks the industry is facing: the risk of unauthorized access or cybersecurity is the most significant risk according to the respondents, followed by the challenges of improving the customer experience, and business processes, offering new products, and preparing for competition with other industries. Moreover, key areas of adaptation according to this study are identified such as the effect of information asymmetry and risk assessment, and the implications of new technologies. The results emphasize the importance of a holistic digital strategy to be implemented in the future in all these states.

Insurance Fraud, Identification of Fraudulent Cases and Possibilities for Reducing This Phenomenon

Insurance Fraud, Identification of Fraudulent Cases and Possibilities for Reducing This Phenomenon
(Insurance Fraud, Identification of Fraudulent Cases and Possibilities for Reducing This Phenomenon)

Author(s):Klaudia Lipi
Language:English
Subject(s):Social Sciences
Page Range:187-194
No. of Pages:8
Summary/Abstract:Insurance fraud is when someone gives false, incomplete, or concealed information, to an insurance company with the intention of making a profit. This may include creating illegal insurance policies or making false claims against an existing policy. The types, scale and consequences of fraudulent practices in the insurance industry are the purposes why this phenomenon is chosen to be treated and analyzed in this paper. Trying to find and suggest ways to reduce it after studying fraudulent practices in specific insurance products. Different studies around the world show that more than half of insurers believe that fraud is the most important threat in the insurance industry. All insurance companies and all classes of business and customers are affected by fraud, in terms of costs incurred. For the insurers, the fraud can damage also their image and reputation. Consequently, the effort invested in countering this scourge has become essential for both insurers and customers. The insurance companies are planning to use more resources to prevent and reduce insurance fraud, by designing and implementing insurance fraud reduction policies. Nowadays, they use Strategies and Technologies such as Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning to detect and prevent fraud in the insurance industry.

Challenges Faced by the Albanian Automotive and Auto-Insurance Industries Amidst Blockchain and Artificial Intelligence Disruption

Challenges Faced by the Albanian Automotive and Auto-Insurance Industries Amidst Blockchain and Artificial Intelligence Disruption
(Challenges Faced by the Albanian Automotive and Auto-Insurance Industries Amidst Blockchain and Artificial Intelligence Disruption)

Author(s):Ezmolda BAROLLI, Muhamet Zeneli
Language:English
Subject(s):Social Sciences
Page Range:195-204
No. of Pages:10
Summary/Abstract:This paper aims to explore the automotive and auto insurance industries in Albania, pointing out the presence of such challenges as system interoperability, vehicle repair traceability, and risk analysis in insurance claim processing. Identifying the fragmented characteristics of these sectors is made possible through research techniques, including interviews with stakeholders and analysis of available open data. It also examines how various systems used by stakeholders are disconnected, vehicles’ service history associated with VINs being rare, and risks from odometer fraud and rolling wrecks (re-entering damaged cars into the market). This paper further explores the auto insurance landscape by highlighting the non-existence of a bonus-malus system despite legal provisions, lack of data operability among insurers, and traditional labor-intensive claims settlement methods that intensify fraud risks. The paper discusses how blockchain and AI technologies can address these issues, drawing insights from previous research on their application in this sector.

The Role of Financial Institutions in Promoting Energy Efficiency Projects

The Role of Financial Institutions in Promoting Energy Efficiency Projects
(The Role of Financial Institutions in Promoting Energy Efficiency Projects)

Author(s):Petre Marius Bogdan, Elena Casandra Ceausescu, Mircea Sorin Zaharcu, Georgeta Bolojan
Language:English
Subject(s):Social Sciences
Page Range:205-211
No. of Pages:8
Summary/Abstract:This research highlights the way financial institutions, like as banks and investment funds, play a crucial role in promoting and developing energy efficiency projects. By providing capital and expertise, these entities facilitate the implementation of initiatives aimed at reducing energy consumption, using renewable sources, and improving energy efficiency. The funded projects cover a wide range of objectives, from reducing dependence on fossil fuels to improving air quality and increasing industrial competitiveness. By supporting these initiatives, financial institutions aim to create sustainable energy infrastructures, stimulate job creation, and facilitate an efficient transition to clean energy sources. The research results highlight the fact that financial institutions play a crucial role in the development of energy efficiency, and by fulfilling the directives established by the European Union, an upward trend can be created in the following projects.

Population Mobility and Green Transition – Contribution to Sustainable Development

Population Mobility and Green Transition – Contribution to Sustainable Development
(Population Mobility and Green Transition – Contribution to Sustainable Development)

Author(s):Olga Gavrić, Tatjana Jovanović
Language:English
Subject(s):Social Sciences
Page Range:213-217
No. of Pages:6
Summary/Abstract:The population represents a special subsystem and one of the spatial elements that is extremely variable in terms of its structure and dynamics. Thanks to this, it constitutes a basic component of every society that has a great influence on its functioning. Spatial mobility arises mainly as a consequence of globalization and the rapid development of technology. On the other hand, industrialization and climate change have emphasized the need for a green transition. In this regard, migrations from rural to urban areas can be seen as a supporting element of the acceleration of the green transition and the achievement of long-term sustainability.

Opportunities and Obstacles for the Introduction of a Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle Strategy in Europe as an Extension of the Product Portfolio of European OEMs

Opportunities and Obstacles for the Introduction of a Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle Strategy in Europe as an Extension of the Product Portfolio of European OEMs
(Opportunities and Obstacles for the Introduction of a Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle Strategy in Europe as an Extension of the Product Portfolio of European OEMs)

Author(s):Abdurrahman Bekar, Milan Fekete
Language:English
Subject(s):Social Sciences
Page Range:219-228
No. of Pages:10
Summary/Abstract:Climate policy goals have now taken on a strongly dominant role in European mobility development. In the current preferred approach, European OEMs are focusing on the BEV strategy, which is considered an established technology. However, the shift towards a purely battery-oriented direction in Europe is advanced, yet there are still long ways to go before speaking of complete market penetration. Meanwhile, Asian and American providers have embedded themselves in the European market, threatening to snatch significant shares from European OEMs in the overall market. Therefore, a separate approach has emerged to determine possibilities for expanding the product portfolio to FCEVs in Europe, as this market is still in its early stages internationally. An empirical approach was used to identify the factors European OEMs see as implementation or barriers to an FCEV strategy. The results indicate that, generally, such a strategy extension appears feasible in many factors, yet there are hardly any implementations for real feasibility. Costs and model portfolios are particularly emphasized here. However, there are also cautious attitudes due to a lack of refueling infrastructure and perceived insufficient demand on the customer side.

The Impact of Electric Vehicles on the Environment

The Impact of Electric Vehicles on the Environment
(The Impact of Electric Vehicles on the Environment)

Author(s):Anton Vorina, Klementina Klepej
Language:English
Subject(s):Social Sciences
Page Range:229-239
No. of Pages:12
Summary/Abstract:The article examines the environmental implications of electric vehicles, focusing on their impact on air, soil, water, climate change, and carbon footprint. The analysis draws on sources published after 2020. The primary goal of the research is to evaluate the positive and negative environmental effects of electric vehicles. While electric vehicles produce zero tailpipe emissions, a broader perspective reveals a more complex picture. The manufacturing process for electric vehicles can generate up to 70% higher emissions than that of gasoline vehicles. Despite this, sales of electric vehicles have surged in recent years. Global sales increased by 49% to 6.2 million units in the first half of 2023, representing approximately 16% of the global light vehicle market. Electric vehicles reduce air pollution compared to traditional vehicles but do not entirely eliminate the problem. Furthermore, the electricity powering electric vehicles often comes from power plants, contributing to soil and water pollution. To achieve a more significant climate benefit, electric vehicles generally need to be driven over 90,000 kilometers before surpassing the environmental impact of internal combustion engine vehicles.

Corporate Social Responsibility as Business Strategy for Macedonian Companies

Corporate Social Responsibility as Business Strategy for Macedonian Companies
(Corporate Social Responsibility as Business Strategy for Macedonian Companies)

Author(s):Emilija Gjorgjioska, Violeta Gligorovski, Snezhana Obednikovska
Language:English
Subject(s):Social Sciences
Page Range:241-250
No. of Pages:10
Summary/Abstract:The purpose of this paper is to make a profound analysis of Corporate Social Responsibility on several aspects of the subject. In recent decades, corporate social responsibility has emerged as a challenge to large companies in their successful organizational performance. Corporate Social Responsibility should be immanent and implemented in companies’ strategies. Raising awareness about many problems facing societies is precisely the core of corporate responsibility. The authors will analyse the legal framework that encourages social responsibility, and corporate obligations for issuing social responsibility reports in the Republic of North Macedonia. The paper reaches a conclusion about the influence of the Corporate governance code for companies listed on the Macedonian Exchange (MSE) - adopted in 2021 and the ESG disclosure Guide for companies listed on the MSE about the corporate social responsibility level of awareness. Also, corporate responsibility will be emphasized as a marketing strategy of the companies, contributing to raising the brand to a higher respectable level. For this purpose, a methodology appropriate to the purpose and object of research will be chosen, that is, the method of analysis, abstraction and generalization, will provide general conclusions, as well as comparative analysis, will be used. The conclusion will show which of the four corporate social responsibility approaches: obstructionist, defensive, adaptable, or proactive approach is preferred by the analysed companies.

Enhancing Credibility and Effectiveness of Certification Body Audits: A Comprehensive Examination

Enhancing Credibility and Effectiveness of Certification Body Audits: A Comprehensive Examination
(Enhancing Credibility and Effectiveness of Certification Body Audits: A Comprehensive Examination)

Author(s):Rexhion Qafa, Ezmolda BAROLLI
Language:English
Subject(s):Social Sciences
Page Range:251-257
No. of Pages:8
Summary/Abstract:Valid organizational conformity to standards is one of the key reasons why Certification Body (CB) audits should be conducted. Nonetheless, their credibility and effectiveness are dubious, thus necessitating an indepth analysis of factors determining the perception of the audit. This research examines CB audits by analyzing how client appeals, audit team dynamics, consultant roles, threats to impartiality, and improvement opportunities can enhance integrity and effectiveness during certification audit exercises. It reveals the importance of examining client appeals mechanism for resolving discrepancies; recommends diverse expertise as shown through audit team dynamics; necessitates a clear distinction between roles and adherence to professional guidelines; suggests several threats to impartiality within the process of auditing while calling for risk control measures; indicates that collaborative approach will strengthen trustworthiness and efficiency in audits. Lastly, this study provides insights into CB audit complexities with actionable recommendations for enhancing the fidelity and efficiency of certification processes.

AI-Led Attacks in the Field of Business

AI-Led Attacks in the Field of Business
(AI-Led Attacks in the Field of Business)

Author(s):Hedvig Szabo
Language:English
Subject(s):Social Sciences
Page Range:259-265
No. of Pages:8
Summary/Abstract:The rapid advancement of technology and the digital transformation of the business environment have introduced new vulnerabilities, making cybersecurity a paramount concern for companies worldwide. This paper explores the evolving nature of cyber threats, with a particular focus on the rise of artificial intelligence (AI) in facilitating cyberattacks. Utilizing a combination of theoretical analysis, including the PESTEL framework, and empirical data from a survey of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) company leaders in Hungary, this study underscores the dual role of AI in cybersecurity. AI not only enhances the capabilities of cyber defense mechanisms but also significantly amplifies the potential and sophistication of cyberattacks. The research findings indicate a noticeable increase in AI-led cyberattacks, which are characterized by their complexity and the challenge they pose to traditional cybersecurity defenses. This trend necessitates a strategic shift in how businesses approach their security strategies, integrating advanced technological solutions and adopting a proactive stance toward identifying and mitigating emerging threats. The paper concludes with recommendations for future research directions, emphasizing the need for continuous adaptation and the integration of cybersecurity considerations into the broader strategic planning process of companies.

Business Process Reengineering in the Era of Global Digitalization

Business Process Reengineering in the Era of Global Digitalization
(Business Process Reengineering in the Era of Global Digitalization)

Author(s):Krasimira Dimitrova
Language:English
Subject(s):Social Sciences
Page Range:267-276
No. of Pages:10
Summary/Abstract:This article presents some key aspects of the application of business process reengineering in modern business organizations. The study is dedicated to some important concepts for both the reengineering of business processes and the fundamental changes in the digital transformation of enterprises. In its nature, business process reengineering represents the creation of fundamentally new processes that dramatically increase the efficiency of an enterprise. It is based on the general methodology of process management and has similar features to some of the methods of process improvement and quality improvement. But unlike improvement, reengineering implies a radical change of processes, not their gradual improvement. The main goal of the research is to propose a universal methodology for the effective reengineering of business processes, based on world experience and good practices, applicable in Bulgarian business organizations. It provides a basic framework for future more detailed and extensive research in the field of modeling, measurement, management and reengineering of business processes in the organization and analysis of the practical results achieved.

Digitalization Through Innovation Strategies in the Western Balkans

Digitalization Through Innovation Strategies in the Western Balkans
(Digitalization Through Innovation Strategies in the Western Balkans)

Author(s):Brikene Dionizi, Donika Kercini, Nertila Ljarja
Language:English
Subject(s):Social Sciences
Page Range:277-285
No. of Pages:10
Summary/Abstract:This paper explores the integral role of innovation and digitalization in driving economic growth and enhancing the competitive landscape for businesses in the Western Balkans (WBs). By analyzing comprehensive data from the Balkan Barometer, this study identifies the current state of digital adoption, the barriers to further digitalization, and the effectiveness of regional digital policies. The paper categorizes the types of innovation, each contributing uniquely to organizational strategies and processes. Additionally, it discusses the transformative impact of digital technologies, highlighting their role in process and product innovation. Special attention is given to the challenges faced by businesses in the WBs. The findings suggest that while digital technologies offer significant opportunities for innovation and competitive advantage, substantial obstacles hinder their full utilization.

Relationship Between Goal Ambiguity and Performance Information Use. A Systematic Literature Review

Relationship Between Goal Ambiguity and Performance Information Use. A Systematic Literature Review
(Relationship Between Goal Ambiguity and Performance Information Use. A Systematic Literature Review)

Author(s):Terida Mehilli
Language:English
Subject(s):Social Sciences
Page Range:287-299
No. of Pages:14
Summary/Abstract:This study has developed a systematic literature review to provide a theoretical framework for understanding the relationship between goal ambiguity and performance information use in public management decision-making. According to the previous systematic literature review in management, this literature review developed a quantitative data analysis and qualitative analysis based on the summary of articles according to the variables approach of the study. The results of the systematic review analysis were limited to 68 studies on performance information use and 48 studies on goal ambiguity issues. From the selected papers the results clearly show that only 12 articles study both topics and establish a relationship between goal ambiguity and performance information use.

Study on the Influence of Drucker’s Thinking on Some Conceptualizations/Theories on the Role of Innovation in Firm Performance

Study on the Influence of Drucker’s Thinking on Some Conceptualizations/Theories on the Role of Innovation in Firm Performance
(Study on the Influence of Drucker’s Thinking on Some Conceptualizations/Theories on the Role of Innovation in Firm Performance)

Author(s):Ionela Beatrice Ipsalat
Language:English
Subject(s):Social Sciences
Page Range:301-309
No. of Pages:10
Summary/Abstract:From an economic and social perspective, by innovation we mean bringing an element of novelty to technologies, modes of production, organization, or any other aspect by which an organized group of people or an individual contributes to social progress. From a historical perspective, social groups have always had recourse to improving how they have earned their living and have therefore had recourse to innovations of various kinds. In fact, it can be argued that the main determinant of innovation has been the need to address different categories of social needs. Peter F. Drucker has been referred to in the literature as the father of modern management, in the sense that his thinking has influenced dozens of aspects of theory and practice regarding the organization and performance of firms. Of the many ways in which Drucker’s thinking has influenced management theory over the last half century, this study examines only the influence of his ideas on the role of technical and social innovation on human progress.

Strategic Management in the Selected Organization

Strategic Management in the Selected Organization
(Strategic Management in the Selected Organization)

Author(s):Viktorie Zezulova, Jaroslav Škrabal
Language:English
Subject(s):Social Sciences
Page Range:311-319
No. of Pages:10
Summary/Abstract:The paper focuses on Strategic Management in the Selected Organization. The paper aims to perform an analysis of strategic management in a pre-selected healthcare facility (organization) in the Czech Republic. Furthermore, the paper is based on secondary data. This information is important for the creation of individual methods that were implemented and analyzed in the paper. As part of the paper, the authors evaluated the primary data, which involves the implementation of a strategic management analysis in a pre-selected medical facility. Among the strategic management methods used by the authors, it is primarily an analysis of the external and internal environment together with a SWOT analysis (plus/minus matrix). Conclusions and recommendations are drawn up at the end of the paper.

The Knowledge Management and the Readiness Frontier Technologies. A Quality Management Approach Analysis

The Knowledge Management and the Readiness Frontier Technologies. A Quality Management Approach Analysis
(The Knowledge Management and the Readiness Frontier Technologies. A Quality Management Approach Analysis)

Author(s):Enriko Ceko, Artur Jaupaj, Reis Mulita, Pashk Lekaj
Language:English
Subject(s):Social Sciences
Page Range:321-331
No. of Pages:12
Summary/Abstract:This study investigates the relationship between knowledge management and frontier technology readiness using a quality management framework. The methodology includes (1) collecting global data on knowledge management and technology readiness indices; (2) summarizing the ISO 30401 knowledge management system; and (3) employing inferential statistics, including regression and correlation analyses, to identify connections. Findings quantitatively demonstrate a significant link between technology and knowledge management, emphasizing the necessity of modern technologies and ISO standards—particularly ISO 30401—for achieving a competitive advantage. The study recommends that companies integrate ISO standards with technological advancements to enhance innovation, improve customer service, streamline operations, and strengthen economic resilience during and after crises.

Analyzing Consumer Attitudes Towards Religious Marketing Among the Visitors of Krishna-Conscious Communities in Europe

Analyzing Consumer Attitudes Towards Religious Marketing Among the Visitors of Krishna-Conscious Communities in Europe
(Analyzing Consumer Attitudes Towards Religious Marketing Among the Visitors of Krishna-Conscious Communities in Europe)

Author(s):Krisztina Bence-Kiss
Language:English
Subject(s):Social Sciences
Page Range:333-340
No. of Pages:8
Summary/Abstract:Religion and marketing are two concepts rarely discussed in the same context. Still, spreading beliefs has always been fundamental to religious communities; and nowadays more and more religious groups turn towards modern forms of marketing, such as online and social media marketing, to gain more followers. Research findings are contradictory on how consumers react to the promotion activities of religious groups: while some studies account for a high level of consumer rejection towards religious marketing, others find that there is a level of understanding towards religious communities. This research aims to study and discuss the consumer attitudes of the visitors of Krishna-conscious communities in Europe concerning marketing religions on a sample of 330 respondents. The research findings have shown that there are consumer groups with variable attitudes towards different aspects of promoting religion, including promotion and tourism, product sales, economic activities, and credibility.

Comparative Analysis of Food Influencers’ Performance During a Highlighted Period

Comparative Analysis of Food Influencers’ Performance During a Highlighted Period
(Comparative Analysis of Food Influencers’ Performance During a Highlighted Period)

Author(s):Mira Mohr
Language:English
Subject(s):Social Sciences
Page Range:341-349
No. of Pages:10
Summary/Abstract:Social media plays a crucial role in shaping consumers’ dietary decisions and habits, influencing their everyday lives. This research focuses on analyzing data from the Instagram profiles of prominent figures in the Hungarian gastronomy blogging scene, particularly during the Christmas period. The study seeks to explore the methods by which these chosen creators share content and to define the virtual content consumption habits prevalent during the 2023 Christmas season. The results indicate that content creators utilize a range of strategies on the platform, resulting in differing degrees of success. Analyzing the content shared on Instagram provides valuable insights into the creators’ individual styles, virtual identities, and preferred methods of sharing and engaging.

Citizen Perception of Transparency in the Provision of Online Public Services

Citizen Perception of Transparency in the Provision of Online Public Services
(Citizen Perception of Transparency in the Provision of Online Public Services)

Author(s):Blerina Dhrami
Language:English
Subject(s):Social Sciences
Page Range:351-361
No. of Pages:12
Summary/Abstract:With the introduction and the implementation of the e-government, citizens have gained a tool that permits them to be informed, to have timely access to the offered public services and somehow to have a participatory role in governmental decision-making. However, there is a relative lack of studies related to citizen perceptions of e-government especially related to the level of transparency they perceive when they use online services. For this reason, this paper is focused on a systematic literature review in order to give insights regarding the relationship between e-government-transparency-citizen, and also to explore which are the factors that can increase the interactivity between e-government and citizens. The main finding of this systematic literature review is there are no mechanisms that can measure the appropriate level of transparency, which mostly satisfies the citizens, but we have tools such as legal frameworks, standards, and independent authorities that should enforce it.

Unveiling Public Sentiment: The Role of Social Media in Shaping Perception of Conflicts

Unveiling Public Sentiment: The Role of Social Media in Shaping Perception of Conflicts
(Unveiling Public Sentiment: The Role of Social Media in Shaping Perception of Conflicts)

Author(s):Elja Dalipaj, Egla Mansi, Nerajda Feruni
Language:English
Subject(s):Social Sciences
Page Range:363-371
No. of Pages:10
Summary/Abstract:Social media networks have become a critical tool for sharing information and influencing public opinion on controversial political or social events. Recent studies have revealed that users tend to alter the content before sharing it, hence spreading a point of view contrary to that of the original author. This phenomenon plays a significant role in shaping public opinion on delicate political matters, particularly considering the common bias found in press reports and articles favoring certain ideological or political factions, which contradicts the supposed neutrality of the media. Hence, this study focuses on the ongoing global conflicts, aiming to uncover insights into how social media users are influenced by the political rhetoric of prominent political figures worldwide. Our dataset consists of more than 1,000 comments on social media platforms, including Facebook and Twitter, where the French president discusses his views on the ongoing conflict. This study utilizes natural language processing (NLP) techniques to analyze sentiment dynamics, media influence, temporal patterns, and user behaviors within the comments section of social media platforms. The aim is to observe how the public’s perception is formed, including their attitudes towards support dynamics such as donations and other forms of assistance. The authors employ various methodologies to meticulously gather and process information from diverse sources, including data scraping. This approach ensures the creation of a comprehensive and representative dataset for the study. The findings detect an underlying trend and correlation between the political conversation and societal stance, shedding light on the interplay of the two. The research aims to potentially inform the public, humanitarian organizations, and policymakers on the interplay between these variables and highlight the significance of using data-driven methodologies to unravel the geopolitical discourse and the societal implications.

Characteristics of Communication through Online Social Networks in Central Public Institutions in Romania

Characteristics of Communication through Online Social Networks in Central Public Institutions in Romania
(Characteristics of Communication through Online Social Networks in Central Public Institutions in Romania)

Author(s):Christian Gavriel Strempel, Victor Alexandru Brisiu
Language:English
Subject(s):Social Sciences
Page Range:373-382
No. of Pages:10
Summary/Abstract:This paper examines how central public institutions in Romania use social media to communicate with citizens. The study investigates how these institutions use Facebook to engage with their target audiences and what factors influence the number of followers they have. The research methodology involves examining the activity of the Facebook pages of these institutions. The findings reveal significant differences in fan engagement across different pages. Moreover, post types and frequency do not have a high impact on page growth compared to the number of shares. The results highlight that although there is a communication plan in place by the central public administration in Romania, there is no uniform communication across the ministries.

Safety Stock Studies in Aerospace Organisations in Times of Transformation

Safety Stock Studies in Aerospace Organisations in Times of Transformation
(Safety Stock Studies in Aerospace Organisations in Times of Transformation)

Author(s):Federico Leopardi
Language:English
Subject(s):Social Sciences
Page Range:383-389
No. of Pages:8
Summary/Abstract:Amid the ongoing recovery from the disruptions caused by COVID-19 in aviation supply chains, optimizing resources is crucial for competitiveness and cost reduction. Major aircraft manufacturers have been ramping up their programs, placing added pressure on supply chains to adapt. Effective supply chain management requires careful inventory optimization, with Safety Stock (SS) playing a crucial role as a buffer against stockouts or disruptions. SS can be strategically placed before or after production to address uncertainties. This gap in niche areas, affecting various sectors beyond aerospace, underscores the need for a thorough examination of challenges faced during times of transformation. Factors influencing SS creation and decisions regarding Make/Buy items were explored, along with the optimal placement of SS within the Bill of Materials (BOM). To navigate these complexities, in this paper, the authors have applied qualitative methodologies involving interviews with key stakeholders from procurement, production, and planning. Successfully managing times of change requires a nuanced understanding of a company’s operations, emphasizing the importance of effective SS management in turbulent times.

Transforming Logistics Within Modern Business Processes

Transforming Logistics Within Modern Business Processes
(Transforming Logistics Within Modern Business Processes)

Author(s):Slavica Radosavljević, Biljana Grgurović, Jelena Milutinović, Stevan Veličković
Language:English
Subject(s):Social Sciences
Page Range:391-398
No. of Pages:8
Summary/Abstract:The evolution of logistics within modern business processes is a pivotal factor in achieving success and attaining a competitive edge. Leveraging available technologies and data opens up significant opportunities, primarily centered around more precise and efficient forecasting, planning, and execution of logistics operations. Adopting a proactive approach in the logistics process involves foreseeing customer needs, identifying avenues for enhancement, and clearly formulating solutions before customers articulate their requirements. This proactive stance is crucial for cultivating enduring customer relationships, amplifying sales, and elevating the overall customer experience. Various facets of this transformation seamlessly intertwine and mutually reinforce one another, underscored by the potential advantages they offer businesses, including heightened visibility, cost savings, and operational efficiency. This paper investigates pivotal aspects, notably process automation, cutting-edge solutions, autonomous technologies, sustainability initiatives, collaborative efforts, and interconnection among diverse companies. Additionally, we explore the significance of predictive analytics coupled with adaptive strategies, emphasizing the imperative of adapting to emerging trends in logistics-based systems.

Solving the Issue of Connecting Mini Consolidation Centers in the City Territory

Solving the Issue of Connecting Mini Consolidation Centers in the City Territory
(Solving the Issue of Connecting Mini Consolidation Centers in the City Territory)

Author(s):Biljana Grgurović, Slavica Radosavljević, Stevan Veličković, Jelena Milutinović
Language:English
Subject(s):Social Sciences
Page Range:399-405
No. of Pages:8
Summary/Abstract:Developed postal offices have been investing in new technologies for years, mainly insisting on achieving a certain level of adaptability. The emphasis has been moved from processing automatization to the analysis of changes, both in terms of the volume of mail and the needs of consumers. One consequence of such thinking is improved accessibility of delivery services. As a rule of thumb, in every larger urban territory, with the goal of satisfying consumer demand, there are multiple facilities or self-service stations whose main goal is to deliver smaller or larger quantities of goods. If we view these locations as nodes between which there are transport networks, then the existing knowledge in the area of transport networks can be used to further improve the operations of postal operators. Beyond the idea of the most economical business solution, postal operators are also limited by the number of available vehicles, their capacity, deadlines for certain tasks, and other similar factors. This paper demonstrates how certain algorithms and findings in the sphere of transport networks can be adequately used in this area, too, as well as the limitations that should be taken into account.

Research of the Readiness of the Bulgarian State Universities for Transformation Into Entrepreneurial Universities

Research of the Readiness of the Bulgarian State Universities for Transformation Into Entrepreneurial Universities
(Research of the Readiness of the Bulgarian State Universities for Transformation Into Entrepreneurial Universities)

Author(s):Veselin Milanov
Language:English
Subject(s):Social Sciences
Page Range:407-414
No. of Pages:8
Summary/Abstract:In the context of the growing challenges and dynamics of modern education, this study focuses on how to measure the readiness of Bulgarian state universities for transformation into entrepreneurial universities. It clarifies the concept of the entrepreneurial type of universities and the factors for their development. The analysis of the Bulgarian State Universities shows that significant efforts are required from the state, universities, and businesses for their transformation into entrepreneurial ones. After evaluating the existing university models, this paper aims to provide an evaluation system to measure the degree of preparedness of the universities for the successful integration of entrepreneurial principles in their educational and management systems.

Investigating the Relation of Philological Sciences Teachers with AI in Education

Investigating the Relation of Philological Sciences Teachers with AI in Education
(Investigating the Relation of Philological Sciences Teachers with AI in Education)

Author(s):Anamaria Mirabela Pop, Monica Ariana Sim, Felicia Constantin
Language:English
Subject(s):Social Sciences
Page Range:415-425
No. of Pages:12
Summary/Abstract:The paper aims to present an image as accurate as possible of how teaching staff perceive artificial intelligence in the current educational context due to the profound effects that AI already has and will have on civilisation, both culturally and economically. The data analysis obtained after applying a questionnaire to philological sciences teachers in a medium-sized university in an Eastern European country highlighted that a relatively homogeneous teaching body has quite a heterogeneous approach to the AI phenomenon. As a result, there are many different ways that AI is affecting education, and they can be discussed on many different levels, including the relationships between the many stakeholders, classroom instruction, scientific research, and the personal training of educators. The benefits and risks associated with implementing AI in education are clear, and it is imperative that appropriate training programs and ethical guidelines be put in place before AI is used in classrooms.

The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Student Performance: A Comprehensive Review

The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Student Performance: A Comprehensive Review
(The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Student Performance: A Comprehensive Review)

Author(s):Luscan Mihai-Ciprian
Language:English
Subject(s):Social Sciences
Page Range:427-435
No. of Pages:10
Summary/Abstract:The present research focuses on how students’ performance may be enhanced by artificial intelligence (AI) in a variety of educational settings. It examines, via an in-depth examination of a range of available data, how AI technologies and methodologies have been applied to improve academic achievement, student engagement, and learning outcomes. The paper discusses the advantages and challenges of integrating AI into teaching strategies and provides recommendations for more research and implementation strategies.

The Role of Artificial Intelligence in English Literature Studies

The Role of Artificial Intelligence in English Literature Studies
(The Role of Artificial Intelligence in English Literature Studies)

Author(s):Katarina S. Lazić
Language:English
Subject(s):Social Sciences
Page Range:437-442
No. of Pages:6
Summary/Abstract:The paper will explore the impact of artificial intelligence on English literature studies. Namely, it is proven that the employment of artificial intelligence when it comes to (English) literature might help potential readers discover the hidden patterns and themes that have been eluding them before. What is more, the usage of artificial intelligence and its application in (English) literature studies might represent a useful tool in determining and ascertaining authorship and consequently in protecting the intellectual property of the individual authors. The paper will also try to determine the pros and cons of its application in English literature studies.

Crypto Assets – Students’ Knowledge and Attitudes

Crypto Assets – Students’ Knowledge and Attitudes
(Crypto Assets – Students’ Knowledge and Attitudes)

Author(s):Ivana Dvorski Lacković, Mihael Kelčec
Language:English
Subject(s):Social Sciences
Page Range:443-448
No. of Pages:6
Summary/Abstract:Crypto assets have raised a substantial interest among the general public, investment practitioners and academia upon its emergence. In this paper, we give a general overview of crypto assets and follow by presenting the results of a survey conducted among the students population. The general aim of the survey was to find out about students’ knowledge about crypto assets and their attitudes about them. The results, based on the answers of 70 students, indicate that 41% of them have invested in crypto assets. The main reasons for making this investment are high expected profitability and friends’ incentives. Most students have shown very basic knowledge about crypto assets and the majority of them share conservative opinions about crypto asset investment and their regulation and are more prone to traditional investments. The main contribution of this paper is in the scientific exploration of this under-researched area of the younger and educated population’s attitudes on contemporary investment types, but also in providing a practical insight into the target population’s crypto assets investment habits to make guidelines for future research.

A DPSIR Model for the Tourism Sector Sustainability – Case Study Albania and Latvia

A DPSIR Model for the Tourism Sector Sustainability – Case Study Albania and Latvia
(A DPSIR Model for the Tourism Sector Sustainability – Case Study Albania and Latvia)

Author(s):Edmira Cakrani, Dzintra Atstaja
Language:English
Subject(s):Social Sciences
Page Range:449-458
No. of Pages:10
Summary/Abstract:Albania and Latvia are regarded as emerging travel destinations. Each year, both countries welcome many tourists, which greatly boosts employment and economic growth. However, these countries now face a greater danger of environmental contamination and unsustainable resource use due to the rapid growth of their tourism industries. The sector’s environmental issues may make it more difficult to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals, particularly Goals 6, 7, and 12. Today, the focus is on the ecologization of the tourism industry to address these issues. This allows for the development of industry sustainably and the adaptation of profitable, sustainable, and ethical practices to strike a balance between the expansion of tourism and environmental preservation. This research paper aims to evaluate the ecologization of the tourism sector in Latvia and Albania. The environmental impact of this industry is analyzed using the Driver – Pressure – State – Impact - Response framework. The European Environment Agency has developed this approach to address environmental issues, measure environmental conditions, assess the impact of the tourism industry on the environment, and identify the elements contributing to environmental problems. This can support the development and application of policies that promote sustainability and ecologization in the tourism sector of both countries. This paper complements the literature on the tourism sector’s sustainability.

Albania’s Tourism Landscape: A SWOT Analysis for Sustainable Development

Albania’s Tourism Landscape: A SWOT Analysis for Sustainable Development
(Albania’s Tourism Landscape: A SWOT Analysis for Sustainable Development)

Author(s):Etleva Leskaj, Loren Lazimi
Language:English
Subject(s):Social Sciences
Page Range:459-468
No. of Pages:10
Summary/Abstract:Albania is a small country in southeast Europe with an abundance of natural and cultural landmarks. Considering the state of international travel today and its projected expansion, many countries see tourism as a hugely promising industry. Albania’s natural and cultural features make it an attractive place for the expansion of tourism. Albania’s tourism industry has expanded steadily and considerably, keeping pace with the world economy. The tourism industry is a vital component of the Albanian economy, providing significant direct and indirect employment contributions as well as infrastructural investments. Since 1992, there have been numerous articles regarding Albanian tourism discussing the future goals of this industry (Burlea-Schiopoiu & Ozuni, 2021; Lazimi, 2021; Ylli, 2016). According to experts, there is a noticeable absence of a clear vision and appropriate, attainable goals in the developed strategy. In any event, the development of tourism was chaotic and without a strategic focus, even in the present day. This industry needs to be developed with careful planning and study. All stakeholders involved in the tourism business cannot gain equitably from this industry if there is no proper strategy in action. In light of this, it is essential to use a method like the SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats) analysis to look at several strategic aspects of the tourism business. SWOT analysis is a very helpful tool to utilize as a preliminary step before doing a more thorough examination of sustainable tourism. The data for the study was gathered from many sources, including a review of the literature, interviews with business professionals, and stakeholder groups from the quadruple helix, which includes civil society, private businesses (startups, SMEs, and corporations), academic institutions (researchers, universities), and public institutions at the local, regional, and national levels. Consequently, participants from every sector are active in the innovation processes, leading to outcomes that benefit all stakeholders. To establish strategic priorities, the nation’s tourism industry’s internal strengths and weaknesses as well as external opportunities and threats were examined. Next, a framework for strategic planning was created using the SWOT matrix.

Organizational Factors, Factors of Innovation in Croatia’s Tourist Offer

Organizational Factors, Factors of Innovation in Croatia’s Tourist Offer
(Organizational Factors, Factors of Innovation in Croatia’s Tourist Offer)

Author(s):Fani Kerum, Neven Šipić, Dijana Vuković
Language:English
Subject(s):Social Sciences
Page Range:469-478
No. of Pages:10
Summary/Abstract:Tourism represents an important component of economic development in Croatia. The competitiveness of Croatia as a tourist destination largely depends on the level of quality of its tourism product in relation to key success factors. The attractiveness and diversity of the offers in tourism stand out as significant factors in the quality of the tourist products of Croatia. Hospitality and tourism, of which the hotel industry is an integral part, today represent significant activity in the global framework. It is this activity that provides employment and generates significant income, creating a large part of the gross domestic product (GDP) in the economies of tourism-oriented countries and a significant multiplier effect. The quality of the hotel offer is, in part, determined by the hotel’s ability to monitor, adopt, and implement innovative tourist products, services, and solutions for its guests and other important stakeholders. The ability of tourism companies today lies in the implementation and increasing utilization of the advantages of innovation, which thus becomes a decisive factor in the survival of tourism companies in today’s turbulent and unstable business environment. Today, tourism companies are forced to be innovative in order to survive in a changing business environment. Innovativeness can be defined as the degree to which an individual, compared to others, adopts novelties. From the point of view of tourism organizations, innovation represents openness to new ideas that are part of their culture. The innovativeness of tourist organizations, and therefore tourism, stems from the ability of tourist organizations to continuously transform knowledge and ideas into new tourism products, processes, and systems in order to ensure benefits for stakeholders. Understanding the innovation process is possible through the explanation of the linear and interactive models. In the linear model, the innovation chain starts with formal research and development activities, which are followed by applied research and product development. The next step after the development of a new tourist product is its commercialization. However, the innovative process most often does not have such a beginning, which is why an interactive model provides a better explanation, according to which there is no general order for how innovation occurs. Implementing change management strategies and continuously introducing innovations are crucial activities in hotel management. These efforts are essential not only for driving the hotel’s growth and development but also for ensuring its longterm survival. According to the above, the goal of the research is to determine the degree of transformational and transactional leadership, dimensions of corporate culture, and dimensions of corporate learning that contribute to innovations in the hotel, as well as to determine to what extent innovations affect the creation of value for hotel guests.

Glamping as a Novel Trend in Tourism in Vojvodina

Glamping as a Novel Trend in Tourism in Vojvodina
(Glamping as a Novel Trend in Tourism in Vojvodina)

Author(s):Ana Jovičić Vuković, Bojana Kovačević Berleković, Nikola Jančev
Language:English
Subject(s):Social Sciences
Page Range:479-486
No. of Pages:8
Summary/Abstract:This study investigates tourism trends in Vojvodina, focusing on the rising popularity of glamping. Vojvodina attracts visitors with its natural beauty and cultural richness. The term “glamping” combines the luxuries of modern living with the immersive experience of camping, creating a harmonious blend of comfort and nature. The research examines how glamping complements Vojvodina’s offerings as a new special interest in tourism and a new type of accommodation. The study highlights glamping’s alignment with sustainability and local prosperity. This analysis points out the current challenges in glamping tourism development. It provides a roadmap for Vojvodina to adapt to evolving tourism preferences, conserve its natural resources, and foster a community-oriented tourism industry.

Quality Parameters of Online Travel Agencies

Quality Parameters of Online Travel Agencies
(Quality Parameters of Online Travel Agencies)

Author(s):Sabrina Suman, Mateo Feltrin, Dominik Pilat
Language:English
Subject(s):Social Sciences
Page Range:487-496
No. of Pages:10
Summary/Abstract:An online travel agency (OTA) is a web-based travel agency that allows users to research and book various travel products and services online. Technological development has influenced the quality of existing OTA functions and also created some new ones. This paper analysed the parameters that influence the quality of online travel agencies in terms of basic process performance and basic interactions through the user interface. Three online travel agencies that are currently the most popular worldwide (Booking.com, Airbnb, and Tripadvisor) were selected and analysed qualitatively and quantitatively. Qualitatively analysed and evaluated were: user interface and user experience, booking process, reviews and feedback, search and filtering options, the accuracy of information, payment security, website performance, customer support and collaboration with other services. Google PageSpeed Insights was used to quantitatively measure the performance of these three online travel agencies using five “Lighthouse 10” parameters and three Core Web Vitals for the desktop and mobile versions.

An Insight Into the Indigenous Intangible Heritage and the Level of Engagement of the Local Population Towards the Contribution to Creating Cultural Products

An Insight Into the Indigenous Intangible Heritage and the Level of Engagement of the Local Population Towards the Contribution to Creating Cultural Products
(An Insight Into the Indigenous Intangible Heritage and the Level of Engagement of the Local Population Towards the Contribution to Creating Cultural Products)

Author(s):Iris Mihajlović, Lana Kudrić
Language:English
Subject(s):Social Sciences
Page Range:497-505
No. of Pages:10
Summary/Abstract:Emphasizing the attitudes of the population related to knowledge of cultural heritage, this paper focuses on the degree of engagement of the locals, creating local potential products that could contribute to the overall destination quality as to the fundamental marketing unit. In accordance with the role of intangible heritage, guided on premises of uniqueness, creativity, community responsibility, educational levels of the local population were researched in detail. A survey of 210 respondents was conducted throughout summer 2023, as a continuation of the primary research conducted in 2022. Emphasizing the presence of the local population’s traditional connection with the way of life, traditions and customs, the results show that the population of this region partially recognizes the originality of potential products. Obtained results indicate the necessity of increasing knowledge level, the usefulness of collaboration with local communities, and readiness to create innovations or improvements for capabilities to respond with quality when targeting on cultural marketplace.

Development of Strategies for Dance-Related Tourism in the Realm of Experiential Creative Tourism

Development of Strategies for Dance-Related Tourism in the Realm of Experiential Creative Tourism
(Development of Strategies for Dance-Related Tourism in the Realm of Experiential Creative Tourism)

Author(s):Francesco Badia, Anna Schiattarella
Language:English
Subject(s):Social Sciences
Page Range:507-517
No. of Pages:12
Summary/Abstract:The objective of this research is to trace the benefits of a closer link between one of the least considered performing arts, namely, dance, and the tourism associated with it. Although there have yet to be many indepth theoretical studies on its influence on tourism demand, an important role can be represented by dance. Many trips are undertaken to destinations that have seen the birth of specific genres and styles of dance. Tourists who enrich themselves with dance-related performances and experiences belong to a niche audience. Often, these are people already connected to the dance industry (theater operators, dancers, choreographers), and so rarely are audiences made up of more than just real amateurs in the audience. Three categories of participants in dance-related tourism can be identified: passive recipients, active dance tourists, and professional dancers. This paper intends to analyze the potential development profiles of this form of tourism, examining the central elements that can be applied to the strategy of a tourism destination.

Nurses and Technicians Returning from Labor Migration: Survey on Migration Motivational Factors

Nurses and Technicians Returning from Labor Migration: Survey on Migration Motivational Factors
(Nurses and Technicians Returning from Labor Migration: Survey on Migration Motivational Factors)

Author(s):Maja Vizjak
Language:English
Subject(s):Social Sciences
Page Range:519-525
No. of Pages:8
Summary/Abstract:The migration of middle and senior medical staff, which includes nurses and technicians, is an important topic because we are thinking about the sustainability and stability of the health system. Motivational factors of job satisfaction, working environment and living standards, if they result in dissatisfaction as a consequence of not meeting them, are key factors in making migration decisions. This work aims to confirm the factors of migration of nurses and technicians through a survey questionnaire. The interviewees cited personal challenges as the main reasons for outward migration since they could not realize their ambitions in their working environment at the time, while the main motive for return migration was family and emotional ties. Scientific contribution: Point out the fact that the respondents had the support of their work and family environment when they decided to migrate, while at the time when they were working abroad and made the decision to return to their homeland, their superiors started negotiations regarding their stay.

Natural Risks in Albania (Public Perception)

Natural Risks in Albania (Public Perception)
(Natural Risks in Albania (Public Perception))

Author(s):Ermira Jashiku
Language:English
Subject(s):Social Sciences
Page Range:527-534
No. of Pages:8
Summary/Abstract:Albania is located in the south-eastern part of Europe, in the western part of the Balkan Peninsula. The geographical position and natural conditions have favoured various natural hazards. This study aims to identify natural hazards and their impact in Albania as well as their distribution and consequences according to the public perception. Using the GoogleForms platform, was created a questionnaire which was completed by 364 people. Through their analysis, it was concluded that the public in general knows the natural hazards that affect Albania and the area of their spread, they have also determined the possibility of occurrence of hazards according to the regions of Albania. The respondents have identified that they do not have information on risk management and would like to be trained for it. The study of natural hazards would influence the design of policies for their management for sustainable development.

Informal Formality of Peripheral Society in Albania

Informal Formality of Peripheral Society in Albania
(Informal Formality of Peripheral Society in Albania)

Author(s):Alfred Halilaj
Language:English
Subject(s):Social Sciences
Page Range:535-541
No. of Pages:8
Summary/Abstract:After the 1990s, Albanian society gained a fundamental right: The right to movement. Researchers, public speakers, politicians, and the state itself have at times characterized this newfound freedom as urban degeneration, portraying those who exploit this opportunity as anti-establishment. While the right to free speech has not been questioned in the new democratic framework of Albania, it is scientifically naive to interpret this discourse without considering the social, economic, political, and urban realities. The movement of people has always been a fundamental aspect of human life, and in contemporary terms, society operates largely in a state of continuous “informality.” This paper aims to explore the informal reality of settlement in three dimensions: a) public articulation, b) economic implications, and c) urban conditions. A key focus of this paper is to examine the often-overlooked benefits of this ‘informal’ formality in urban development. The peripheries of Albanian cities should not be viewed as urban ghettos; rather, they represent a dynamic force of human action that has catalyzed significant changes in the economic, political, and social fabric (structure) of urban areas.

The Impact of Leniency Policy on Private Enforcement of Competition Law: The EU Provisions and the Albanian Approach

The Impact of Leniency Policy on Private Enforcement of Competition Law: The EU Provisions and the Albanian Approach
(The Impact of Leniency Policy on Private Enforcement of Competition Law: The EU Provisions and the Albanian Approach)

Author(s):Monika Canco
Language:English
Subject(s):Social Sciences
Page Range:543-551
No. of Pages:10
Summary/Abstract:The scope of this paper encompasses an analysis of the leniency policy introduced by the European Union (EU) public enforcement of competition law and its interaction with private enforcement of competition law, particularly focusing on the approach and challenges of Albania as an EU candidate country. The purpose of this study is to examine the nature, characteristics, and effectiveness of the EU leniency policy within the context of competition law enforcement. It investigates how the leniency policy affects private enforcement of competition law, particularly in relation to evidence disclosure and joint and several liability. Even though private and public enforcement of competition law are considered to be complementary, the practice has shown that conflicts may arise, especially with the implementation of leniency policy. In addition, this paper aims to examine the Albanian approach to leniency policy and examine possible challenges of the Albanian private enforcement of competition law. The methodology employed in this study includes a desk review and a comparative study. The desk review methodology encompasses an analytical review of EU standards, treaties, and secondary legislation, Albanian legislation on civil judicial procedure and the public enforcement of competition law. Second, the comparative analysis is conducted to highlight similarities and differences between EU and Albanian competition law concerning leniency policy. In addition, the US example and its substantially different approach towards private enforcement of competition law is examined. The findings of this paper contribute to an understanding of the complex relationship between the EU public and private enforcement of the EU competition law (especially during leniency proceedings) and its implications for Albanian practice. Lastly, this study’s findings provide new insights into the EU-oriented future of the Albanian competition law, offering suggestions for possible amendments to the actual national competition legislation.

The Characteristics of Consumer Contracts and Their Place in the System of Private Law Contracts, with Particular Regard to Foreign Currency-Based Loan Contracts and Aspects of Legal Issues Arising in Lawsuits Related to These Contracts

The Characteristics of Consumer Contracts and Their Place in the System of Private Law Contracts, with Particular Regard to Foreign Currency-Based Loan Contracts and Aspects of Legal Issues Arising in Lawsuits Related to These Contracts
(The Characteristics of Consumer Contracts and Their Place in the System of Private Law Contracts, with Particular Regard to Foreign Currency-Based Loan Contracts and Aspects of Legal Issues Arising in Lawsuits Related to These Contracts)

Author(s):Eva Odor
Language:English
Subject(s):Social Sciences
Page Range:553-559
No. of Pages:8
Summary/Abstract:The development of consumer protection and its appearance in political thinking are closely related (among other things) to the appearance of the market economy and the development of economic conditions in general. In Europe, this phenomenon first appeared in Austria in the mid-1990s, primarily in the areas of the country bordering Switzerland. In Central and Eastern Europe, foreign currency lending in the 21st century started at a rapid pace, which can be supported by many factors. Courts have found themselves in an extremely difficult, never-before-seen situation when dealing with an extremely large number of lawsuits arriving within a short period, typically raising the same legal issues, having a large social impact and evoking significant social interest. In addition, legal issues in which the EU Court has a monopoly on legal interpretation arose in these lawsuits. In order to ensure legal unity as much as possible, the courts try to solve these cases with all the means provided by law.

Defending Corporate (Human) Rights in Strasbourg. Insights from the European Court of Human Rights Case Law

Defending Corporate (Human) Rights in Strasbourg. Insights from the European Court of Human Rights Case Law
(Defending Corporate (Human) Rights in Strasbourg. Insights from the European Court of Human Rights Case Law)

Author(s):Iva Terova (Pendavinji), Nadia Rusi
Language:English
Subject(s):Social Sciences
Page Range:561-569
No. of Pages:10
Summary/Abstract:The article encompasses the legal perspectives and challenges emerging when corporations defend their rights at the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR). Researching the procedural aspects and jurisprudential developments, it aims to conduct a legal analysis of the human rights entitlements of corporations, as legal entities, enshrined in the European Convention of Human Rights (ECHR). Issues concerning property rights, fair trial, and fundamental liberties protected by the European Convention, are addressed. Furthermore, the research explores the extent to which rights traditionally attributed to natural persons beyond business context, such as the right to privacy, freedom of expression, and the entitlement to just satisfaction, apply to legal entities. Attempting to shed light on the context of corporate rights and their intersection with well-established human rights standards, the article contributes to fueling the dialogue between business and human rights within the European legal framework.

Calls for Regulation in AI: Examining the Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Contemporary Issues Surrounding Sexual Abuse

Calls for Regulation in AI: Examining the Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Contemporary Issues Surrounding Sexual Abuse
(Calls for Regulation in AI: Examining the Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Contemporary Issues Surrounding Sexual Abuse)

Author(s):Ina Veleshnja, Hhei Celiku
Language:English
Subject(s):Social Sciences
Page Range:571-576
No. of Pages:6
Summary/Abstract:Artificial Intelligence holds significant influence in the realm of online sexual abuse, revolutionizing both perpetration and prevention. Through sophisticated algorithms and machine learning, AI facilitates the proliferation of explicit content, grooming techniques, and online exploitation. Its rapid evolution enables predators to exploit vulnerabilities, evade detection, and manipulate victims. Conversely, AI-driven technologies offer promising avenues for detection, intervention, and victim support. The following paper highlights the dual nature of AI’s impact on online sexual abuse, emphasizing the urgent need for comprehensive regulation, ethical guidelines, and collaborative efforts to harness AI’s potential for safeguarding vulnerable individuals in the digital age.

Designing an Effective Survey to Assess Interaction Design Practices in the Software Development Sector in Albania

Designing an Effective Survey to Assess Interaction Design Practices in the Software Development Sector in Albania
(Designing an Effective Survey to Assess Interaction Design Practices in the Software Development Sector in Albania)

Author(s):Hhulio Mitre, Nevila Baci
Language:English
Subject(s):Social Sciences
Page Range:577-587
No. of Pages:12
Summary/Abstract:The software development sector in Albania has experienced significant growth in recent years, with the presence of both Albanian and foreign capital. Many sectors of the economy have been positively impacted by the digitalization of their services and operations. However, research studies on the software sector and their practices are limited. Furthermore, studies on integrating interaction design (ID) practices in software development methodologies are yet to be available. The scope of this paper is to identify critical elements that should be considered when designing a survey on ID assessment. The paper analyzes the importance of ID practices, examines similar research surveys on ID implementation, assesses the current landscape of the software sector in Albania, and presents expert opinions on designing and conducting surveys to better achieve the results. Based on the analysis, the authors propose a survey framework customized to the context of the software development sector in Albania.

Prototype Proposal for Urban Air Mobility in the Albanian Air Space

Prototype Proposal for Urban Air Mobility in the Albanian Air Space
(Prototype Proposal for Urban Air Mobility in the Albanian Air Space)

Author(s):Kreshnik Vukatana, Marius Baci
Language:English
Subject(s):Social Sciences
Page Range:589-598
No. of Pages:10
Summary/Abstract:Urban Air Mobility (UAM) is a modern solution to urban transportation challenges, offering a promising alternative to traditional modes of travel. This paper investigates the state of the art of this alternative solution and a system prototype proposal in the context of Albania. Several challenges such as vortex wake & jet blast phenomena, wind risk, obstacles, and regulatory legislation are addressed through an analysis. The idea behind this proposal is to innovate traveling in Albania through UAM using special air taxis. In the proposal is suggested to establish two vertiports at Tirana airport and one in the city, which will serve as key hubs for air taxi operations. From an economic perspective, the introduction of UAM can stimulate economic growth by attracting tourism, generating employment opportunities, and new opportunities for local businesses. Moreover, UAM has the potential to alleviate traffic congestion and reduce carbon emissions, contributing to a more sustainable urban environment. By ensuring a good implementation, it can enhance the overall quality of life for residents and visitors alike.

A Comprehensive Review of Deep Learning-Based Image Segmentation Architectures Applied to Various Diseases

A Comprehensive Review of Deep Learning-Based Image Segmentation Architectures Applied to Various Diseases
(A Comprehensive Review of Deep Learning-Based Image Segmentation Architectures Applied to Various Diseases)

Author(s):Hafsa Laci, Kozeta Sevrani
Language:English
Subject(s):Social Sciences
Page Range:599-607
No. of Pages:10
Summary/Abstract:Image segmentation plays a significant role in facilitating the arduous process of medical image analysis. There are numerous ways to perform image segmentation, but deep learning architectures have brought about a revolution in this field by automating it and improving the accuracy of the results. However, due to the complex nature of X-ray, MRI, or Ultrasound medical image modalities used for diagnosis, selecting the appropriate segmentation architecture becomes a challenging task. This review follows a systematic methodology to screen the literature and explore the available deep learning-based segmentation architectures applied across different diseases. It aims to contribute to existing research by identifying if in the state-of-art exists any approach that can be adaptive for a broader range of diseases. Furthermore, it seeks to evaluate computational and performance efficiency when there is evidence.

Analiza spoljnotrgovinske razmjene Bosne i Hercegovine sa preporukama za povećanje izvoznog potencijala

Analiza spoljnotrgovinske razmjene Bosne i Hercegovine sa preporukama za povećanje izvoznog potencijala
(Analiza spoljnotrgovinske razmjene Bosne i Hercegovine sa preporukama za povećanje izvoznog potencijala)

Author(s):Stevan Petković, Jugoslav Jovičić, Džemal Najetović, Radmila R. Čokorilo
Language:Bosnian
Subject(s):Social Sciences
Page Range:609-618
No. of Pages:10
Summary/Abstract:Uspješnost svake nacionalne ekonomije ogleda se kroz obim i kvalitet njene spolјnotrgovinske razmjene, a u vrijeme sve izraženije globalizacije svjetske ekonomije značaj spolјnotrgovinske razmjene postaje sve veći. Bosna i Hercegovina је mala, otvorena ekonomija, zavisna od promjena kako u okruženju, tako i na globalnom tržištu. Ono što karateriše spolјnotrgovinsko poslovanje Bosne i Hercegovine jeste otvoren ekonomski sistem, visoka uvozno - izvozna zavisnost (rast izvoza uslovlјava rast uvoza) kao i deficit tekućeg računa platnog bilansa. Predmet ovog rada je analiza spoljnotrgovinske razmjene Bosne i Hercegovine sa inostranstvom. Rad će kroz statističke pokazatelje prikazati strukturu robne razmjene Bosne i Hercegovine, kretanje izvoza i uvoza po godinama, kao i najznačajnije spoljnotrgovinske partnere Bosne i Hercegovine po zemljama i ekonomskim grupacijama zemalja. Takođe, rad će pokušati identifikovati izazove sa kojima se izvozno orijentisana preduzeća iz Bosne i Hercegovine suočavaju u međunarodnoj trgovini, ali i potrebne aktivnosti i mjere koje bi dovele do ekspanzije izvoza i poboljšanja izvoznih performansi.

Strategija zajedničkog ulaganja na primeru srpskih preduzeća i njihovih inostranih partnera

Strategija zajedničkog ulaganja na primeru srpskih preduzeća i njihovih inostranih partnera
(Strategija zajedničkog ulaganja na primeru srpskih preduzeća i njihovih inostranih partnera)

Author(s):Vuk Bevanda, Aleksandra Živaljević, Ljubica Mojsilović
Language:Serbian
Subject(s):Social Sciences
Page Range:619-625
No. of Pages:8
Summary/Abstract:Zajedničko ulaganje (joint venture) predstavlja oblik poslovne saradnje u kojem dva ili više preduzeća udružuju resurse i kapital kako bi postigli specifične ciljeve, kao što su ulazak na nova tržišta, razvoj novih proizvoda ili usluga, kao i postizanje konkurentske prednosti. Ovaj oblik saradnje omogućava efikasniju upotrebu resursa, smanjenje rizika, širenje poslovnih aktivnosti, ali donosi i određene izazove i rizike. Takođe, zajednička ulaganja omogućavaju preduzećima da iskoriste prednosti ekonomije obima, smanje troškove i unaprede poslovnu efikasnost. U radu će biti analizirane prednosti zajedničkih ulaganja kroz odabrane primere iz prakse.

Utjecaj emocionalne inteligencije na akademski uspjeh prijediplomske razine Sveučilišta u Splitu

Utjecaj emocionalne inteligencije na akademski uspjeh prijediplomske razine Sveučilišta u Splitu
(The influence of emotional intelligence on academic success at the undergraduate level at the University of Split)

Author(s):Željko Mateljak
Language:Croatian
Subject(s):Social Sciences
Page Range:627-632
No. of Pages:6
Summary/Abstract:Postojanje povezanosti između emocionalne inteligencije i akademskog uspjeha studenata prijediplomske razine studija ispitano na uzorku od 102 studenta diplomske razine studija Sveučilišta u Splitu. Akademski uspjeh studenata mjeren je prosječnom ocjenom ostvarenoj na prijediplomskoj razini, dok je emocionalna inteligencija mjerena pomoću četiri dimenzije emocionalne inteligencije, i to sposobnosti procjene vlastitih emocija, sposobnosti procjene tuđih emocija, sposobnosti upotrebe emocija te sposobnosti upravljanja emocijama. Rezultati istraživanja su pokazali da ispitanici koji imaju visoku razinu emocionalne inteligencije ostvaruju veću sposobnost procjene vlastitih emocija i manju sposobnost upravljanja vlastitim emocijama. Rezultati istraživanja su također pokazali da postoji pozitivan i statistički značajan utjecaj dvaju dimenzija emocionalne inteligencije (sposobnost procjene vlastitih emocija i sposobnost upotrebe emocija) na akademski uspjeh studenata poslijediplomske razine Sveučilišta u Splitu.

Održivi turizam na primjeru eko kampova u Republici Hrvatskoj

Održivi turizam na primjeru eko kampova u Republici Hrvatskoj
(Održivi turizam na primjeru eko kampova u Republici Hrvatskoj)

Author(s):Martina Ostojić, Sandra Šokčević, Martina Glavan
Language:Croatian
Subject(s):Social Sciences
Page Range:633-641
No. of Pages:10
Summary/Abstract:Održivi turizam i održivi razvoj imaju veliku ulogu za očuvanje prirode te sa svojom ulogom da smanje zagađenje i utjecaj na okoliš, pri kampiranju stvaraju okruženje u kojem se koriste obnovljivi izvori energije i materijali koji ne štete prirodi. Eko-kamp predstavlja sistem kvalitetnog upravljanja i zaštite životne sredine. Taj koncept u svakom pogledu ponude vodi veliku brigu o prostoru u cilju ostvarenja vizije kvalitetnog okruženja i smanjenja troškova. Svrha rada je sustavno istražiti i argumentirano obrazložiti specifične oblike kampova u fokusu održivog razvoja, odnosno eko kampove. U radu se empirijski istražuju stavovi i mišljenja gostiju o stupanju zadovoljstva elementima ponude unutar ekoloških kampova u Republici Hrvatskoj, odnosno o motivima dolaska i odabira istih. Generalni je zaključak istraživanja da su ispitanici izjavili da teže izboru eko kampova i eko kampiranju te da im veliku važnost ima usmjerenost kampa na održivost, s minimalnim utjecajem na okoliš te čista i pametna energija, ekološki osviješteni smještaj i stvaranje podrške i suradnja s lokalnom zajednicom.

Socijalne vrijednosti hrvatskog društva i legitimacija postsocijalističkog poretka

Socijalne vrijednosti hrvatskog društva i legitimacija postsocijalističkog poretka
(Socijalne vrijednosti hrvatskog društva i legitimacija postsocijalističkog poretka)

Author(s):Valentino Kuzelj, Zrinka Erent-Sunko, Danijel Javorić Barić
Language:Croatian
Subject(s):Social Sciences
Page Range:643-656
No. of Pages:14
Summary/Abstract:Socijalne vrijednosti dio su socijalnih politika koje su se razvijale pod utjecajem različitih čimbenika i povijesnih okolnosti. Od blagog nagovještaja socijalnih prava do socijalne države, rasle su i mijenjale se socijalne vrijednosti kao dio socijalnih politika koje su građanima trebale osigurati sigurnost. U socijalističkim je državama bio posebno razvijen sustav socijalnih prava, ali je on imao za svrhu osigurati stabilnost koja bi poslužila kao legitimacija socijalističke vlasti. Utoliko se socijalistički poreci razlikuju od socijalnih država koje su socijalne vrijednosti i njihovo ostvarenje ugradile u svoje pravne sustave kao sredstvo ostvarenja socijalnih vrijednosti i temeljnog pravnog načela socijalne pravde. U demokratskoj tranziciji bivše su socijalističke države normativnu podlogu socijalne djelatnosti države ugradile u svoje ustavne dokumente. Tako se i hrvatski ustavotvorac opredijelio za koncept socijalne države kao jedne od temeljnih odrednica samostalne i demokratske Republike Hrvatske te je, ugradivši socijalne vrijednosti u ustavni dokument, socijalnim pravima priznao karakter subjektivnih ljudskih prava.

Pravci istraživanja sadržaja načela socijalne države u hrvatskoj pravnoj znanosti – pregled literature

Pravci istraživanja sadržaja načela socijalne države u hrvatskoj pravnoj znanosti – pregled literature
(Directions of research into the content of the principle of the welfare state in Croatian legal science – a literature review)

Author(s):Leonardo Mikac
Language:Croatian
Subject(s):Social Sciences
Page Range:657-665
No. of Pages:10
Summary/Abstract:Model socijalne države je ostvarivan kroz osiguravanje socijalne zaštite građana i ispravljanje socijalnih nepravdi koje nastaju zbog djelovanja slobodnog ili nereguliranog tržišta. U Hrvatskoj, pregledom relevantne domaće literature, uočeno je kako se tek pojedini pravni istraživači bave sadržajem načela socijalne države, pravde i socijalnih prava u Hrvatskoj. Ovaj rad nastoji što detaljnije analizirati ulogu socijalnih prava u pravnom sustavu Hrvatske te njihov odraz u hrvatskoj pravnoj literaturi. Konsenzus autora postignut je u prepoznavanju činjenice da se ekonomskim interesima ugrožava potreba ostvarenja socijalne pravde kao jednog od državnih interesa prepoznatih na razini najviših vrednota hrvatskog ustavnopravnog poretka. Autori ističu značaj porezne politike u ostvarenju socijalnih ciljeva države i upozoravaju da redovite zakonske izmjene u sustavu oporezivanja dovode do narušavanja socijalne pravednosti. Pravni sadržaj načela socijalne države i pravde, kao i načela oporezivanja, se povezuje s međunarodnim protokom kapitala i utjecajem multinacionalnih korporacija. Autori naglašavaju važnost učenja iz stranog ustavnopravnog iskustva kako bi se ojačala uloga sudstva u zaštiti socijalnih ustavnih jamstava.

EMAN 2024 – Economics & Management: How to Cope with Disrupted Times - CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS EMAN 2024 – Economics & Management: How to Cope with Disrupted Times - CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS

Exploring the Macroeconomic Trajectory in Romania: Analysis of Key Developments and Trends in the Period 2022–2026

Exploring the Macroeconomic Trajectory in Romania: Analysis of Key Developments and Trends in the Period 2022–2026 (Exploring the Macroeconomic Trajectory in Romania: Analysis of Key Developments and Trends in the Period 2022–2026)

Impact of Incentives on Public Sector Performance: Comparing African and European Systems

Impact of Incentives on Public Sector Performance: Comparing African and European Systems (Impact of Incentives on Public Sector Performance: Comparing African and European Systems)

IInternational Trade Relations of the CEFTA 2006 Countries

IInternational Trade Relations of the CEFTA 2006 Countries (International Trade Relations of the CEFTA 2006 Countries)

The Minimum Vital Income Determination: The Importance and the Effects on the Albanian Economy

The Minimum Vital Income Determination: The Importance and the Effects on the Albanian Economy (The Minimum Vital Income Determination: The Importance and the Effects on the Albanian Economy)

The Tax System in Albania and Its Impact on the Investor. Comparative Analysis with Countries in the Region

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Evolution of Artificial Intelligence in the Banking Sector: A Systematic Literature Review (Evolution of Artificial Intelligence in the Banking Sector: A Systematic Literature Review)

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Institutional Capacity in Sustainable Policy Implementation – Selected Practice from the Serbian Banking Sector (Institutional Capacity in Sustainable Policy Implementation – Selected Practice from the Serbian Banking Sector)

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Financial Literacy and Income Inequality in the European Emerging Countries (Financial Literacy and Income Inequality in the European Emerging Countries)

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EMAN 2024 – Economics & Management: How to Cope with Disrupted Times - CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS

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(The Minimum Vital Income Determination: The Importance and the Effects on the Albanian Economy)

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(The Tax System in Albania and Its Impact on the Investor. Comparative Analysis with Countries in the Region)

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(Measuring Customs Revenue Performance: Insights from North Macedonia)

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(The Impact of Population Ageing and Demographic Changes in Pension Schemes in Europe)

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(Supply and Demand for Apples in V4 Countries)

Strategy for the Development of the Serbian Fruit Industry in Disruptive Times
(Strategy for the Development of the Serbian Fruit Industry in Disruptive Times)

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(Promoting Cooperation: Factors Affecting Profit Sharing Among Farmers and Cold Stores in Albania)

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(Circular Approach as an Alternative for Escalating Constraints in the Agri-Food System: A Case Study for Livestock Farms in Albania)

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(Heating Oil Prices and the Chaotic Growth Model)

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(Analysis of Financing Sources for SMEs In Croatia)

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(Evolution of Artificial Intelligence in the Banking Sector: A Systematic Literature Review)

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(Institutional Capacity in Sustainable Policy Implementation – Selected Practice from the Serbian Banking Sector)

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(Business Management Theories in Classical Italian Accounting: The Historical Contribution of Fabio Besta)

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(Digitalization of Insurance Sector: Issues and Challenges in Western Balkan States)

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