HELSINŠKE SVESKE №35: How Susceptible are the Youth to Islamic Extremism

Author(s): Vladimir Ilić,Srđan Barišić,Stefan Stefanović,Jovana Saračević,Izabela Kisić / Language(s): English

The crucial question here is: Are the Muslim youth in Sandžak imbued with religious extremism or not? Hardly any interethnic and inter-religious incident has been registered in this part of the Republic of Serbia. On the other hand, fighters from Sandžak are being involved in the Iraqi and Syrian wars. Depending on the answer to the question above, the authorities could take appropriate actions aiming at young people in Sandžak. Both domestic and international stakeholders – and there are many of them, including the non-governmental sector – could develop plans and take a variety of concrete steps depending on the answer to this very question.

HELSINŠKE SVESKE №19: Između načela i prakse - položaj "malih" i "velikih" manjina u Srbiji.

Author(s): / Language(s): Serbian

Az első nap

Author(s): Sándor Bacskai / Language(s): Hungarian

Sándor Bacskai´s „The First Day“ – as the first volume – begins with the golden age of the Jewish orthodoxy and ends in the time of returning from the forced labor camps, concentration camps.

Dusza, ciało i tabu. Studia nad sakralnością praindoeuropejskiego formantu *u w łacińskiej terminologii anatomicznej

Author(s): Katarzyna Tilgner / Language(s): Polish

The author of the monograph Soul, Body and the Taboo investigates the hypotheses of two German scholars of the first half of the 20th century: Franz Specht and Wilhelm Havers, according to whom, one of the Pre-Indo-European formatives—the formative *u—was at its roots deeply connected with the sacred and the supernatural. For that reason, the formative was included in the words denoting objects of sacred, dangerous, supernatural or taboo nature. In her search of the echoes of the formative *u, the author focuses predominantly on the analysis of those body parts which, according to the English philologists James G. Frazer and Richard B. Onians, were supposed to be regarded by thePre-Indo-Europeans as the vessels of the soul, the main object of the taboo. Apart from that, the author analyses the names of organs which played vital parts in the practices of the haruspices, as well as those body parts which could arouse fear due to either the virulent forces residing within them or magical and apotropaic character. The etymological study focuses first and foremost on Latin nomenclature. However, the author refers also to Pre-Indo-European nomenclature and the current state of other Indo-European languages. Theetymological analysis is further strengthened through the cultural study of the beliefs and superstitions of ancient Romans, which they might have inherited from their ancestors.

Community Perspectives on the Prevention of Violent Extremism in Bosnia and Herzegovina

Author(s): Sead Turčalo,Nejra Veljan / Language(s): English

The purpose of this research was to identify common and distinct factors of resilience or vulnerability to violent extremism in Bosnian communities as well as the influence of key actors on those factors. Cantons selected as case studies had the highest number of parajamaats and foreign fighter departures, such as Sarajevo Canton (SC) and Zenica-Doboj Canton (ZDC), or had no parajamaats or departures, such as Bosnian-Podrinje Canton (BPC). The research sought to answer three main questions: 1) What are key factors of community resilience or vulnerability, and what factors are linked to the development of violent extremist beliefs by individuals and groups and the choice to join foreign violent extremist groups? 2) Which key actors influence community vulnerability or resilience to violent extremism, and how do they shape such dynamics? 3) What is the impact of existing PVE programmes and initiatives in BiH on factors of community vulnerability or resilience to violent extremism? Researchers also wanted to determine: What are the primary entry points for PVE programming and response in BiH? And what crossover exists between PVE activities and peacebuilding and reconciliation efforts in BiH? This research identified several factors and actors that contribute to the degree to which certain communities in BiH have been affected or unaffected by radicalisation. The history of the 1992–1995 war has especially played a decisive role in shaping post-conflict radicalisation processes. This is true both in terms of how wartime actors and activities sowed the seeds of the Salafist movement in BiH and how wartime networks in certain communities increased the likelihood of investment by specific foreign actors in the post-war period. While researchers found that all these communities share some characteristics, including a lack of trust in institutions and a sense of uncertainty about the future, the main differences between affected and unaffected communities are linked to the war.

The origin and transformation of Civilization

Author(s): Konstantinos Maritsas / Language(s): English

I started writing this book with only one purpose – to define all civilizational concepts. What is the meaning of civilization, art, religion or language? These concepts have been discussed in thousands of books, hundreds of different definitions, but till today there has been no accepted general definition of any of them. Not even for the concept of civilization! There was only one way to set about defining these concepts – to trace their origins, to understand how and why each of them, separately, arose. Why has art become a necessity for humanity? Why were people forced to speak? Why, why and why? At the beginning I was thinking with my brain, an ordinary, Homo sapiens brain, about what I would do if I were living in the conditions of prehistoric people. Why would I speak, why would I draw, why would I cook? And all this led me to the same dead end that I had read about in the books. It was then I understood there had been a mistake. I realized that my way of thinking was the wrong way round. None of the primitive people decided to tame animals, because nobody knew what a tame animal was. None of the primitive people decided to talk, because nobody knew what a language was. None of the primitive people decided to cook, to draw, to get dressed, to formulate religions, because nobody knew what food preparation, art, clothes or religion were. So, how has man created these conditions? The answer is very simple: unconsciously!

V rozmanitosti je síla. Diverzita (nejen) náboženského vyznání ve firemní praxi

Author(s): Kateřina Machovcová,Markéta Štěpánová / Language(s): Czech

Společnost je různorodá, a to hned z několika hledisek. Ať už se bavíme o pohlaví, věku, zdraví, etnickém či náboženském vyznání, politické příslušnosti, lidé jsou různí. Některé z charakteristik si svobodně volíme, s některými se rodíme, tak či onak bychom za ně neměli být potrestaní pouze z toho důvodu, že se možná v daný okamžik odlišujeme od většiny. Třeba tím, že máme více dětí, než je běžné, nebo nezvyklé náboženské vyznání. Prvotním dojmem při setkání s něčím novým, neznámým, občas bývá obava. Bojíme se, že to, co neznáme, by nás mohlo nějak omezovat. Aniž bychom měli nějakou zkušenost, apriori zavíráme dveře před něčím, co neznáme. Touto publikací otevíráme téma diverzity a rovnosti šancí, specifickou pozornost věnujeme náboženské rozmanitosti. Chtěli bychom přispět k zamyšlení ještě před pomyslným zavřením dveří. Znakem svobodné společnosti je možnost veřejné diskuze. Díky diskuzi přicházíme na to, jak obohacující je uvědomovat si odlišné perspektivy a potřeby, a setkáváme se s novými pohledy na věc. V době, kdy se Česká republika z izolované totalitní země typické spíš emigrací posunula přes tranzitní stát směrem na západ k zemi s narůstajícím podílem migrantů a migrantek, je potřeba reagovat na to, co s sebou taková proměna přináší. Vzedmutá vlna odporu vůči v Česku málo zastoupenému náboženství islámu je jedním z důvodů, proč je potřeba, aby vycházely publikace jako je ta, kterou právě držíte v rukou. K tématu se snažíme přistoupit z pohledu zaměstnavatele a nabídnout konstruktivní pohled na to, jak s diverzitou na pracovišti pracovat tak, aby byla přínosem a vedla ke spolupráci a respektu, namísto primitivního vymezování se. [...]

Novi zov rata u Siriji i bosanskohercegovački kontingent stranih boraca

Author(s): Vlado Azinović,Muhamed Jusić / Language(s): Bosnian

Odlazak građana Bosne i Hercegovine na ratišta u Siriju i Irak, i posebno mogucnost njihovog povratka u zemlju, nisu najozbiljnija niti najneposrednija opasnost po njenu sigurnost. U državi koja opstanak duguje mirovnom sporazumu u koji je ugrađen temeljni spor oko kojeg je vođen rat (1992-1995) – treba li ona biti jedinstvena ili podijeljena – postoje znatno prisutniji sigurnosni rizici. Ova nerazriješena dihotomija, kroz nastavak rata (još uvijek) nenasilnim sredstvima, presudno određuje politicku, društvenu i ekonomsku dinamiku te izravno smanjuje kapacitet države da djelotvorno odgovori na gotovo svaki izazov. Odlasci na strana ratišta nisu izravna posljedica te dinamike. Oni su lokalizacija globalnog fenomena, kojem domaci kontekst ponekad pogoduje, ali su i rezultat drugih procesa koji se ovdje odvijaju skoro četvrt stoljeća. Za to vrijeme Bosna i Hercegovina je od zemlje destinacije za putujuce strane borce postala zemlja njihovog porijekla. Atlantska inicijativa je sredinom 2015. godine objavila istraživanje u kojem je pokušala objasniti ovaj fenomen. Godinu dana kasnije, cini nam se kako je saznanja do kojih smo tada došli neophodno dopuniti novima. Prije svega promjenom hijerarhije motiva koji navode na odlaske, a onda i posljedicama koje je ta promjena proizvela na sadržaj i dinamiku ovog procesa. Zbog toga i dopunjeni naslov ovog istraživanja – Novi zov rata u Siriji i bosanskohercegovacki kontingent stranih boraca.

Between Salvation and Terror: Radicalization and the Foreign Fighter Phenomenon in the Western Balkans

Author(s): / Language(s): English

The mobilisation of jihadist foreign fighters that has taken place as a result of the conflict in Syria and Iraq has been unprecedented. According to the United Nations, up to 40,000 foreigners from nearly 100 countries have participated in the war. Not all of them will remain part of the movement. Many, have already become disillusioned, turned against their comrades, and “retired“ from fighting. Others, however, will turn up in other conflicts, become involved in terrorist networks, or use their credibility as “veterans“ to recruit new followers. There can be no doubt that the consequences of this mobilisation will be profound and long-lasting. In one of my recent books, I predicted that it will result in a “fifth wave“ of terrorism. Much of the public interest in the foreign fighter phenomenon has focused on Western Europe and the Middle East. The situation in the Balkans, by contrast, has received comparatively little attention. This book is the first comprehensive account of who the foreign fighters from the Balkans are, where they come from, and how they have been radicalised. All the chapters are based on in-depth research and written by leading experts from the region. Their analysis and conclusions are based on empirical facts and a profound understanding of the social and political dynamics in their respective countries. It is this depth of local knowledge that makes the various chapters so interesting and informative.

Mandala and History: Bidia Dandarovich Dandaron and Buryat Buddhism

Author(s): Luboš Bělka / Language(s): English

The book brings an original presentation of unique materials from the mid- 1970s which have not been published in an English language monograph so far. It contains a visual analysis of historical photographs from Buryatia and Tibet and the analysis of author's own field observations and recordings of interviews.

Yurt Dışında Türkler Göçmenlik, Etnisite ve Din

Author(s): / Language(s): Turkish

Elinizdeki bu kitap, Türkiye’den yurt dışına göç eden insanların bulundukları ülkelerdeki göçmenlik halleri üzerine odaklanmaktadır. Çalışmada alanlarında uzman on akademisyen tarafından, Almanya, Fransa, Hollanda, Avusturya, Belçika, Danimarka, İsveç, Norveç, İngiltere ve Amerika’da yerleşik Türk göçmenlerin kültürel, sosyal, ekonomik, etnik ve dinsel yaşam tecrübeleri bütüncül bir bakışla ele alınmaktadır. Ayrıca her bir bölüm, Türk göçmenler tarafından tesis edilen dinî sivil örgütlenmeler etrafında şekillenen dinsel yaşam tecrübeleri üzerine sosyolojik analizleri de ihtiva etmektedir.

From Influence and Confluence to Difference and Indifference. Studies on History of Religions. Edited by Mihaela Gligor

Author(s): Mihaela Gligor,Jeremy Biles,Carl Olson,Jerry Cullum,Melanie Barbato,Maria-Daniela Pomohaci / Language(s): English

By this volume, the first of Cluj Center for Indian Studies Collection, we do not try to explain the differences or the similarities among religions or different periods of time. We only try to introduce the reader into the fascinating world of religions and faiths. Each and every one of them has something unique about it. There are a great many similarities among world’s religions and yet a great many differences. As in the case of multiculturalism, a term we usually understand as a practice of giving equal attention or representation to the cultural needs and contributions of all the groups in a society (special emphasis may be given to minority groups underrepresented in the past, as through bilingual education), in case of religions general approaches are alike: the term “religion” defines internal relationships among communities relatively circumscribed, and also among people of specific provenience engaged in external, professional, cultural, linguistic, or any other relations.

Pokatoličavanje Srba u Nezavisnoj Državi Hrvatskoj

Author(s): / Language(s): Croatian,Serbian

Tema pokatoličavanja srpskog pravoslavnog stanovništva u Nezavisnoj Državi Hrvatskoj predmet je višedecenijskog interesovanja istraživača istorije Jugoslavije tokom Drugog svjetskog rata. Iako su prethodni istraživači svojim istraživanjima obuhvatili mnoge aspekte ove teme, zbornik naučnih radova koji je pred čitaocima predstavlja najobuhvatniji pregled teme na osnovu izvora koje prethodna istoriografija nije konsultovala ili ih nije dovoljno analizirala. Zbornik radova Pokatoličavanje Srba u Nezavisnoj Državi Hrvatskoj sastoji se iz pet naučnih radova. Naučni radovi nastali su kao rezultat istraživanja u osam arhivskih ustanova u Hrvatskoj i Srbiji i pregleda dvadesetak arhivskih fondova. [...]

DEMOGRAFSKE I ETNIČKE PROMJENE U BIH

Author(s): / Language(s): Bosnian,Croatian,Serbian

Još su prije 4–5 tisuća godina u zapadnoazijskim ratarskim društvima „vođeni spiskovi inventara, stanovnika (da bi se moglo oporezovati i slati u rat), džakova žita, robova i tako dalje“ (Eriksen 2003: 54). Biblija nas upoznaje i s popisom stanovništva u Rimskom carstvu. Što je onda popis stanovništva pa je tako značajan za državu i društvo? Mogli bismo reći kako je popis stanovništva neka vrsta opisa demografskog i ekonomskog stanja društva u određeno vrijeme (broj kućanstava, stambenih objekata, poljoprivrede…). Tako dobiveni podaci služe i za usporedbu s podacima iz ranijih „stanja društva“, kao i za demografske i ekonomske procjene što bi moglo slijediti u danom društvu. Za popis stanovništva se temeljito pripremaju popisni obrasci, obavlja se obuka popisivača kako bi se popis obavio što uspješnije. Kod sastavljanja pitanja u popisnom listu, uvijek se vode debate kakvu tipologiju odgovora ponuditi. Recimo, kod nacionalne pripadnosti nude se odgovori „Bošnjak“, „Hrvat“, „Srbin“ i „Ostali“. Ili kod pitanja o konfesionalnoj pripadnosti nude se modaliteti odgovora „katolik“, „musliman“, „pravoslavni“, „Ostali“.

Evropski sud za ljudska prava i zaštita od diskriminacije: Jurisprudencija i evolucija standarda

Author(s): Edin Hodžić,Zlatan Meškić,Mario Reljanović,Vanja Kovač,Amila Kurtović / Language(s): Bosnian

Publikacija je objavljena uz podršku američkog naroda preko Američke agencije za međunarodni razvoj (USAID). Autori ove publikacije su odgovorni za njen sadržaj i stavovi koji su u njoj izneseni ne odražavaju stavove USAID-a, Vlade Sjedinjenih Američkih Država niti fonda otvoreno društvo BiH.

Felsefe ve Din Bilimleri Rehberi

Author(s): / Language(s): Turkish

Philosophy and Religious Studies, one of the three main departments within the Islamic Sciences and Theology faculties, investigates the phenomenon of religion through the lens of humanities disciplines such as history, sociology, logic, psychology, philosophy, and education. Situated at the intersection of theology and the humanities, the Department of Philosophy and Religious Studies plays a significant role in the internationalization of theology education. Concurrently, these disciplines serve as intermediaries in contextualizing Islamic Sciences within contemporary understanding. The Department of Philosophy and Religious Studies generates data on contentious contemporary issues such as artificial intelligence, transhumanism, migration, and conflict resolution, thereby elucidating the intellectual background of these issues and providing theoretical insights through empirical research. Within this framework, the study addresses the incorporation of courses offered by the Department of Philosophy and Religious Studies, presenting them aligned with the project's objectives. The study aims to introduce the Department of Philosophy and Religious Studies, elucidating its content, functions, and outcomes, to foster critical thinking and analytical skills among students through philosophical education, facilitating a deeper comprehension of diverse aspects of religion, and delineating the disparities and connections between philosophy of religion and religious sciences. Furthermore, the study seeks to enable students to assess the logical and philosophical dimensions of various religions and belief systems, while also contributing to theological education by highlighting the unique fields of study and values inherent in Philosophy and Religious Studies. Ultimately, the study endeavors to facilitate the international integration of the Department of Philosophy and Religious Studies and its adaptation to contemporary needs within theological education. The research is predicated on the premise that Philosophy and Religious Studies should to be more inadequately introduced to students, particularly at the secondary school level, despite their increasing relevance in light of evolving global agendas. As a result of the analyses conducted, insights have been gleaned regarding the content, functioning, outcomes, fields of study, and methodologies of departmental courses. Consequently, this book aims to introduce the field of Philosophy and Religious Studies to students from high school to graduate levels, guiding new researchers, and offering ideas and direction to advisors and students regarding potential areas of study. Covering a broad research area alongside its departments, this book will guide prospective theology students, current departmental students, and those seeking graduate education within this discipline. In alignment with the stated objectives, the study will conclude by compiling chapters contributed by lecturers from diverse disciplines. Employing a quantitative research method and documentation technique, the study has gathered data from articles, books, field research, and lecturers’ experiencies. Detailed accounts of sub-units of Philosophy and Religious Studies, such as the History of Religions, Sociology of Religion, Psychology of Religion, Philosophy of Religion, Religious Education, Islamic Philosophy, Logic, and History of Philosophy, are provided, covering aspects such as history, methodologies, research topics, notable figures, fundamental resources, graduate education, academic journals, interdepartmental relations, and international collaborations. Each completed chapter has been peer-reviewed by relevant department lecturers using blind refereeing principles, with necessary corrections implemented by the authors. The book encompasses eight departments, delving beyond superficial analysis to address foundational issues within each department. Additionally, each chapter includes recommended readings and films. This study asserts itself as a potential textbook for introducing Philosophy and Religious Studies as an elective course in Imam Hatip high schools. It can also serve as an elective textbook for first-year undergraduate programs.

Proceedings of the 37th International RAIS Conference on Social Sciences and Humanities, vol. 1

Author(s): / Language(s): English

The 37th International RAIS Conference on Social Sciences and Humanities was held at The Erdman Center, 20 Library Place, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA, on August 8-9, 2024, and was organized by the Research Association for Interdisciplinary Studies.

Bir Düşünür Bir Kavram ve Din

Author(s): / Language(s): Turkish

This study examines the concepts developed by prominent thinkers in the Turkish intellectual tradition on themes such as modernization, identity, nationalism, religion, morality, social control, and the East-West civilization debate. By analyzing these concepts, the study aims to understand the social and cultural transformation processes of Turkish society. The research is organized under six main headings, focusing on the dynamic transition from the Ottoman Empire to the Republic of Türkiye, the impact of these dynamics on identity and social belonging, and the resulting social, cultural, and political breaking points. Each thinker and their conceptual framework are addressed to provide a deeper understanding of the historical, sociological, and cultural structures within Turkish society. The study’s goal is to analyze the identity crises, dynamics of social change, and the emerging social, cultural, and religious conflicts that Turkish society experienced during its modernization process. It seeks to establish a theoretical basis for understanding the foundational approaches in Turkish thought history by examining how each thinker’s conceptual contributions shaped social structures and influenced debates around identity, belonging, religion, and civilization in modern Turkish society. As such, the study serves as a valuable source for understanding the tensions and breaking points that Türkiye faced in its journey of modernization and social transformation. Modernization and Social Change Concepts The study delves into the social changes brought about by modernization through the contributions of four prominent thinkers and their concepts. İlber Ortaylı’s “The Longest Century of the Empire” concept critically examines the sociological implications of the Ottoman Empire’s modernization process in the 19th century, highlighting the complexities and struggles of this transformation period. Nermin Abadan Unat introduces the “Unending Migration” concept to address the impact of modernization and industrialization on the social fabric, shedding light on the rural-to-urban migration patterns that defined Türkiye’s societal transition. Cavit Orhan Tütengil’s “Dual Structure” concept focuses on the imbalance between rural and urban structures during Türkiye’s modernization, emphasizing how this disparity hindered social development. Finally, İsmail Gaspıralı’s “Justice” concept emphasizes the need for social justice and equilibrium in ensuring peace during modernization, stressing the importance of maintaining social balance for sustainable development. Identity, Nationalism, and Sociological Foundations Under this heading, five thinkers and their concepts are examined in relation to the quest for identity and nationalism in Turkish society. Yusuf Akçura’s “Three Policies” concept outlines three distinct models of political identity (Turkism, Ottomanism, Islamism) proposed to address the identity and political dilemmas of the Ottoman Empire during its dissolution. Sadri Maksudi Arsal’s “Sociological Foundations of the National Sentiment” concept frames nationalism not merely as a political ideology but as a sociological phenomenon that shapes identity and social belonging. Seyyid Ahmed Arvasi’s “Principles of Advanced Turkish Nationalism” presents a model of nationalism that harmonizes traditional values with the demands of the modern era. Remzi Oğuz Arık’s “Anatolianism” centers on the Turkish identity and cultural heritage from an Anatolian perspective, while Hilmi Ziya Ülken’s “Heredity” explores how social structures are shaped through genetic heritage and cultural transmission, addressing the biological and sociological foundations of identity construction. Religion, Secularization, and Laicism This section examines the works of three thinkers on the relations between religion, society, and the state. Durmuş Hocaoğlu’s “National Secularism” concept addresses how secularization in Türkiye can be aligned with national values, emphasizing the integration of religion’s social function with the modern state structure. Bahattin Akşit’s “Typology of Secularization” explores how secularization processes vary across societies and their transformative impact on social structures. Sabri Ülgener’s “Mentality Discourse” focuses on the role of religion and mentality in economic development, arguing that economic progress is closely tied to cultural and religious foundations, thereby contributing to a deeper analysis of socio-economic structures. Socialization, Morality, and Social Control Thinkers in this section analyze how individual-society relations and social control mechanisms shape the social fabric. Şerif Mardin’s “Neighborhood Pressure” concept reveals how societal control mechanisms exert pressure on individuals, shaping behaviors through social norms. Cahit Tanyol’s “Morality and Society” examines the role of morality in social structures and its function in regulating society. Özcan Güngör’s “Socialization of Objects” discusses how everyday objects play a role in individuals’ identity and socialization processes. Hüsamettin Arslan’s “Epistemic Community” concept addresses how knowledge communities form and influence thought patterns, highlighting the interplay between knowledge and social structures. East-West Dichotomy and Civilization Debates The tension between the spiritual values of the East and the materialist approach of the West has always created a need for balance in Turkish society’s identity construction. Samiha Ayverdi’s approach on “East-West Civilization” argues for the reconciliation of Eastern spirituality with Western materialism. Recep Şentürk’s “Open Civilization” emphasizes the significance of inter-civilizational dialogue, advocating for an open civilization model that embraces coexistence and diversity. Nurettin Şazi Kösemihal’s “Art and Intellectual Workers” concept examines the role of artists and intellectuals in social change, while Vamık Volkan’s “Enemies on the Couch” concept explores how the “external enemy” images function in societal identity construction, highlighting the impact of these images on the self-definition processes of communities. Overall, these thinkers’ concepts offer a multifaceted perspective for understanding Türkiye’s social structure and the effects of these dynamics on identity, belonging, and cultural debates. This study aims to contribute to the literature by providing a comprehensive analysis of the fundamental approaches in Turkish thought and how they inform the discourse on modernization, identity, religion, and civilization.

İmâm-ı Azam Ebû Hanîfe ve Düşünce Sistemi

Author(s): / Language(s): Turkish

The book Imām al-Aʿzam Abū Hanīfa and His Thought System delves deeply into the life, methodology, and intellectual world of Imām al-Aʿzam Abū Hanīfa, one of the cornerstones of Islamic thought. The book comprises papers and discussions presented at the “Symposium on Imām al-Azam Abū Hanīfa and His System of Thought”, organized by the Qur’an Research Foundation (KURAV) in Bursa from October 16–19, 2003. In this symposium, which was contributed to by seventy-seven academics, the personality and ideas of Abū Hanīfa were addressed from a broad perspective. The work extensively examines topics such as “Abū Hanīfa’s Personality,” “His Methodology (I-III),” “The Hanafī School (III),” “Abū Hanīfa in Political and Cultural Tradition,” “Abū Hanīfa and the Science of Kalām,” “Abū Hanīfa’s Thought (I-II),” “Abū Hanīfa and Hadīth (I-II),” and “Abū Hanīfa’s Place in Legal Thought.” In particular, the book offers captivating details about his understanding of hadīth and sunnah, his approach to interpreting narrations, and his influence on Islamic sciences. This book presents Abū Hanīfa’s thoughts not only in a historical context but also as a source of inspiration for contemporary Islamic thought, offering readers a multi-dimensional perspective. It appeals to both academics and a broader audience interested in Abū Hanīfa’s intellectual world. As such, it serves as a significant reference work for those engaged in the field of Islamic studies. Abū Hanīfa is one of the founding figures who shaped the Islamic community both doctrinally and practically from the very early periods. He lived at a time when narrations had not yet been compiled in specific collections, and his thought and worldview were grounded in the texts (nass) without any derogatory treatment. He bequeathed to us a vision that established a balance between faith (iman), worship (ibadah), excellence (ihsan), and the harmony between the outward (zahir) and inward (batin) dimensions of Islamic life. The comprehensive perspective established by Imām al-Aʿzam has continued to serve as a consistent and enduring model of coherent thought, always offering a way out for humanity during times of crisis. The scholarly personality of the great Abū Hanīfa has been the subject of numerous academic studies; however, for the first time, an event of such a wide scope, reflecting Turkey’s intellectual heritage, has been organized to address his multifaceted contributions. Not only Sunni jurisprudential thought but also the broader conception of Islamic jurisprudence, and not only from the perspective of religious sciences but also encompassing social sciences, were examined through a holistic approach. Over forty papers and discussions provided an in-depth analysis of his thought. Through this scholarly event, the internal consistency of Abū Hanīfa’s thought, as well as the Hanafī intellectual tradition developed after him, was highlighted. Attention was drawn to its capacity to foster harmony between different branches of knowledge, its comprehensive nature, and its accurate perception of “social reality” expressed through a distinct worldview in line with the requirements of scientific truth. This demonstrates that the goals of the scientific event we organized were achieved. Indeed, even though more than twenty years have passed since this event, the work containing the papers presented has not lost its value or relevance, and there is now a renewed need to present it once again to interested parties.

Teoride ve pratikte insani yardim

Author(s): / Language(s): Turkish

Natural disasters, poverty, conflicts and climate crisis cause more and more people in the world to become in need of humanitarian aid. Due to its geographical, geopolitical and historical location, humanitarian aid has become an issue of strategic importance for Türkiye. Frequent natural disasters in Türkiye, Türkiye’s proximity to chronic conflict zones, the concentration of communities in need of humanitarian aid in geographies in Türkiye’s sphere of influence, and Türkiye’s recent diplomacy/humanitarian diplomacy moves are the main reasons why humanitarian aid has become strategically important for Türkiye in theoretical and practical terms. To this, the lack of a ‘responsible’ and ‘conscientious’ leader or actor at the global level and the failure of international organizations to prevent conflicts must also be added. In such a theoretical and intellectual background and in the midst of the practical humanitarian aid realities culminating in the 2023-2025 Gaza Genocide, this book emerged from the papers presented at the First International Humanitarian Aid Symposium hosted by the Institute of International Relations and Strategic Studies (ULİSA IIRSR) of Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University and organized in partnership with the Turkish Red Crescent, AYBU Technology Transfer Office, and Tirana New York University, in December 2024. The book deals with the issue of humanitarian aid from a broad perspective in the context of the reasons leading to humanitarian aid, the humanitarian aid process, and theoretical and practical discussions that can minimize the need for humanitarian aid. Book sheds light on the complex dimensions of humanitarian aid that fall within the field of disciplines such as economics, politics, sociology, psychology, health and theology. The book contains studies that focus on both theoretical analyses and field applications. The 13 chapters in the book offer a wide perspective, from the historical foundations of cooperation to digital solutions and artificial intelligence-supported systems. Prominent topics include Turkey’s humanitarian aid activities, new disaster management systems, religious and sociological dimensions of humanitarian aid, the relationship between migration and humanitarian aid, and the effects of modern technologies on humanitarian aid. Studies discussing these issues will make significant contributions to the academic literature and field studies. This book, prepared under the editorship of İbrahim Demir, Muhammed Oruç and Elmas Bener Otacı, offers an interdisciplinary perspective on humanitarian aid and aims to contribute to the development of humanitarian aid concepts, theories, and practices in the Turkish literature.