Authoritarian Tendencies in the Polish Political System

Author(s): Jerzy Jaskiernia / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2017

The author analyses some authoritarian tendencies which occur in the Polish political system after 2015 elections since one party (Law and Justice – PiS) has started to control the office of the President and both houses of parliament and has introduced changes in functioning of the Constitutional Tribunal and the judiciary. To some extent PiS represents social attitudes typical for the socialist (social-democratic) parties, with some populist message, but with the combination of a conservative approach to several issues and a nationalistic stand on perception of patriotic mood. To respond to the widely felt hardships and anxieties, PiS ran a campaign that called for vastly expanded public spending. It promised to increase the minimum wage and the personal income tax exemption; to offer a new child support payments (program Family 500+), housing subsidies (program Housing+), and free prescription drugs for seniors; and to lower the retirement age from the current 67 to 65 for men and 65 to 60 for women. PiS also exploited the European migrant crisis. It is too early to claim that the authoritarian tendencies, observed after 2015 elections, have dominated the Polish political system for a longer time. Still an important counterbalance offer the political opposition and mechanisms of the civil society. The Polish fundamental law still brings about the criteria to analyze a political practice and instruments to protect to some extent the balance of power and pluralistic values. The open question is what tendency would bring about the constitutional referendum proposed by President Andrzej Duda for 11 November 2018, on the 100th anniversary of independence of Poland. It might answer the question whether some autocratic tendencies would create the mood to change the constitution in that direction.

Imperium tekstu kontratakuje. Refleksje socjologa. Recenzja książki Marcina Matczaka Imperium tekstu. Prawo jako postulowanie i urzeczywistnianie świata możliwego

Author(s): Lech M. Nijakowski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2019

Защо медиация?

Author(s): Biserka Mihaleva,Tatyana Dronzina / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 6/2016

The article focuses on actual and very important problem – the aggressive behavior of children and students. The text examines the advantages of mediation compared to other modern ways for solving such problems.

Алгоритъм за ефективен мениджмънт в процеса на приобщаващото образование

Author(s): Julia Doncheva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2020

The publication explores the algorithm for effective management in the process of inclusive education, the essence of which is a collection of long-term education strategies, and that education should be a long-term project of social justice. The teacher has to take account of situational awareness, and his/her feedback during the methodical unit is not on a personal level. For on the level of a developing process, there is an understanding, comprehension of the learning material by the persons. Its activity is directly related to community inclusion and interdependent from the family – the teacher becomes an active professional.

Музикални дейности в подкрепа на приобщаващото образование

Author(s): Pelagia Terziyska / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2020

Inclusive education is a dynamic process that is constantly developing, seeking and implementing different opportunities to meet the needs of all children and to ensure their successful learning and development. In this context, the article examines the importance of music in the inclusive process, of its developmental potential; the help that various musical activities do in the process of overcoming problems in the cognitive and emotional sphere; their role in motivating the child to communicate and stimulating the adoption of values that are particularly important in inclusive school; to create the feeling of being supported and upheld in their efforts; for the successful inclusion of the child in the class and the child’s active participation in the school as well out of it.

Тенденции в класификацията на лица с умствена изостаналост

Author(s): Milen Zamfirov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2020

This paper presents the historical tendencies in the development of classification of intellectual disability. There is an overview of the different revisions of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD). Additionally, there is comparison among different classifications of intellectual disability based on the revisions transition of ICD.

Просоциално поведение в полето на училищната социалнопедагогическа работа

Author(s): Margarita Bakracheva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2020

Our objective is to describe the opportunities for promotion of prosocial behavior as a part of the applied school-based social pedagogy. We discuss the role of social norms, virtual reality in the contemporary context, as well as some fundamentals of the prosocial behavior. On this foundation, we give an example for their integration in the school-based pedagogical work. The project is realized following the framework we suggest for formation of attitudes towards prosocial behavior that can easily be adapted to various environments and groups.

Чуждоезикова сугестопедия в училище

Author(s): Galya Mateva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2020

The present article focuses on the long standing experimental work of suggestopedia in the area of foreign language teaching at school. It surveys the specific ways of structuring the teaching materials and teaching process for different age groups (first to seventh grade of the Bulgarian school) in compliance with the principles and methods of suggestopedia. It reveals the original character of the main application areas of school suggestopedia related to integrated language and subject teaching (grade one), accelerated formation of initial reading skills in L2 (grade two), the introduction of concert sessions and subsequent activities for children (grades two to seven), the global-artistic approach aimed at developing cultural and communicative competence of learners (grades VI – VII). The experience of the classical period tests its validity against some recent developments of ELT school suggestopedia.

Практики на взаимодействие между родители и специалисти за работа с деца в контекста на държавния образователен стандарт за приобщаващото образование

Author(s): Tsveta Delcheva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 5/2020

A variety of activities for influencing and support are applied when coping with the problematic behavior of a child or student, and alleviating the difficulties that a student encounters in the educational process. The standard requires that schools and kindergartens form teams to support the personal development of children. Involving the parents or the people who take care of the child when carrying out the activities to support the personal development of the child guarantees the good results of those activities. The general support of the personal development aims at developing the potential of each child or student in kindergarten or school. In the context of the standard for inclusive education, the author develops and presents a mechanism for practical training for working with parents to the needs of the education of students in pedagogical subjects, and Social Pedagogy in particular. Competencies for teamwork (in cross-institutional teams for general care and support as well as in order to work effectively with colleagues) and networking are formed. Such competencies are required in the future professional realization as pedagogical advisors or social workers.

Проучване на ученическите нагласи за агресията и нейните прояви в училище

Author(s): Gergana Maneva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 6/2020

The current work presents a study of some attitudes of high school students about the aggression and their knowledge of the subject. The article discusses some of the main features of the aggression and its manifestations at school. The concept of preventing and building tolerance in the educational environment is concerned. A questionnaire survey of 90 high school students was proposed to outline their attitudes about school aggression and the causes of its manifestations. On the base of the critical analysis of the research results, there are formulated conclusions and recommendations for a possible model of practical pedagogical intervention. This model involves working with pupils in order to develop and deepen social skills and competencies related to dealing with aggression and overcoming challenging behavior at school.

Nieudane samobójstwo polityczne – ustawa o powszechnym głosowaniu korespondencyjnym w wyborach prezydenckich 2020

Author(s): Jarosław Flis,Wojciech Ciszewski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2020

The paper relates to main problems regarding the conducting of presidential election in Poland during the COVID-19 lockdown. The presidential elections in Poland were originally scheduled for May 2020, that is at the time when COVID-19 restrictions were in force.The ruling party in Poland – Law and Justice – decided to hold the elections in the form of universal postal vote. Unfortunately, due to many complications, the elections were finally postponed. In this paper the authors, firstly, describe the legal context of the election, and secondly, introduce a taxonomy of problems involved in the organization of the election.

Формиране на комуникативно-речева компетентност по метода „Mонтесори“ при деца, отглеждани в условията на социален дом

Author(s): Diyana Georgieva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 7/2020

The obsessing of communicative-speaking competence assures the individual full participation in communication. As a major aspect in the mental and personal development of children, it has the status of a species concept with respect to the generic concept ’communicative competence’. The article is dedicated to research focused on one of the most current problems of special pedagogy – the formation of communicative-speaking competence in preschool age children raised in a social home setting, using alternative teaching methods. The comparative approach in the analysis of the empirical data from the two research corps allows them to be compared against pre-formulated criteria and indicators. The results show that the Montessori method provides more effective development of communicative-speaking skills and habits in the children raised in a social home setting compared to the traditional methods of education and communication.

За татарите от Североизточна България и техните забравени гласове

Author(s): Veneta Yankova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2020

This article aims to provide unknown information about the traditional culture of the Tatars from Northeastern Bulgaria. This ethnic community today is experiencing a process of active linguistic and cultural assimilation. The text analyses the two main cases. The first illustrates the role of the science and the work of researchers as an important tool against forgetting. The second provides the so-called аutosanction. In this example it means suppression and destruction of relics, which are valuable ethno-cultural characteristics of the community. The observations are the result of the analysis of publications in Hungarian ethnographic editions, of fieldwork in the region of Dobrich (Dobrich, Onogur, Yovkovo) and of archival work.

Езиково табу и детабуизация на медийната реч (Номинации за обозначаване на половата принадлежност и на семейните и сексуални отношения)

Author(s): Andreana Eftimova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2020

The article draws attention to the linguistic aspects of the problem of speaking in the field of gender and sexual relations. My observations show numerous examples of euphemistic names for marital status, sexual relations and intimate body parts. The presence of euphemisms in the tabloid media and their active use there refute the perception in linguistics (and in particular in stylistics) that euphemisms are a feature of a single type of socially restricted speech (i.e. that they are part of official / high registers). My observations clearly show that in the media environment in Bulgaria there is a clear tendency for the active use of euphemisms within the informal speech register. This tendency is defined as brand new, formed at the end of the 20th century and actively manifested at the beginning the 21st century in journalistic style. Dysphemistic nominations are mostly jargon words and contradictory evaluations include nominations belonging to the group of international terms – impotent, vagina, penis. The transformation of medical terminology into dysphemisms and taboo names is due to the fact that the denoted concepts are strongly prohibited. This is further transmitted to the very terms denoting them.

Ленка Будилова, Марек Якоубек. Българските чехи. Случаят Войводово (Социалноантроположки ескизи). София: Парадигма, 2016

Author(s): Katerina Terzieva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2020

Book Review

Достъп до качествено приобщаващо образование на деца и ученици със специални образователни потребности

Author(s): Zhana Yankova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 9/2020

The article presents the access of children and students with special educational needs to schools and kindergartens, inclusive education with equal access and conditions for inclusion of all children and students in the learning process. Some of the emphasis in the article includes components that provide an accessible architectural and physical environment, accessibility of information and communication, access to curricula and course content, teaching aids and technologies. Results from research conducted with directors of schools and kindergartens in 5 municipalities: Stara Zagora, Pazardjik, Haskovo, Kurdjali, Smolian. One third of the participants report positive – that there such accessible environment in the schools and kindergartens is established and functioning.

Съвременната детска благотворителност в Смолян – институции и прояви

Author(s): Elya Tsaneva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2020

The article results from fieldwork research and presents three forms of charitable activity in the town of Smolyan, which take place in three institutions: 1. A secondary school in Smolyan, 2. An emblematic Christian temple in the city, and 3. An organization with a non-governmental profile – all three with the involvement and participation of children/ pupils/ youth. The choice to study these charitable activities within the Cultural Heritage, National Memory and Social Development National Research Programme was inspired by the need to document these events. They have already existed for several years and deserve promotion and validation because of their high educational and civic purpose. Additionally, valuable messages could be found in these activities from the period of the Bulgarian Renaissance – a complicated transitional time similar to the present, when young people became citizens through the suggestions of public charitable and donor formats.

Koncepcja działań sieciocentrycznych – droga do sieciocentryczności

Author(s): Sabina Olszyk / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2019

The aim of the article is to explain the issue of network-centricity, which operates on military grounds and characterizes modern battlefields. Considerations were divided into two parts due to the large volume of the issue. The first part contains introduction to the topic of network-centricity and analysis of impact of civilization and technological development on the emergence of network-centric concepts. It is also an attempt to define concepts focused on this subject and to show the origin of the concept. Detailed, practical issues related to methods and techniques of network centric activity and the concept of Network Centric Warfare will be discussed in the second part, which will be constitute as a separate article.

Zaufanie do instytucji politycznych a kapitał społeczny w krajach europejskich

Author(s): Bruno Kozakowski-Kędzierski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2020

Trust facilitates the development of human relations by enabling effective cooperation and preventing conflicts, it is an important element of a particular kind of capital, called social capital. The implications of trust on social life are very far reaching and for that reason trust is one of the central issues in contemporary sociology and other social sciences. The aim of this study is to assess the relationship between social capital and political trust, both on the individual level and on the country level. For this purpose a linear regression model was calculated, using data from the ninth round of the European Social Survey (ESS). Te results showed that social capital, measured by an indicator of generalized trust, has a statistically significant, positive impact on political trust. This impact however was a lot weaker than the impact of satisfaction with the performance of the political system or the evaluation of its inclusiveness. On the country level a strong, positive corelation between generalized trust and political trust has been observed. These results are in line with the previous research, it may be concluded that social capital, particularly generalized trust as its core component, has a positive influence on political trust on the individual and cross-country level.

Предпочитан начин на управление и комуникационни характеристики на роботите асистенти в зависимост от индивидуалните нужди на потребителите

Author(s): Margarita Bakracheva,Nayden Chivarov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2021

In the article are outlined the results of a project aimed to describe the use of robot assistants in the light of improving the quality of life in the context of an aging population and increased percentage of people with disabilities in Europe. This shifts the focus to uniting and integrating the efforts of different sciences in search for adequate operating measures and stressing on what people with specific difficulties can, but not on what they cannot do, and maintenance of the autonomy of seniors living alone. The preferences regarding the assistant robot’s control, appearance, functions, and voice, people with disabilities and seniors living alone have, are described. Two groups of users’ preferences are identified - universal and specific, which is a valuable guidance for optimal consideration of the general and subjective characteristics and needs.