Proteza

Author(s): David Wills / Language(s): Serbian

Prosthesis is an experiment in critical writing that both analyzes and performs certain questions about the body as an “artificial” construction. The book deals with the mechanical in that most humanistic of discourses, the artistic – in order to demonstrate to what extent a supposedly natural creation relies on artificial devices of various kinds. Cutting across the terrains occupied traditionally by the history of medicine, film studies, art history, philosophy, psychoanalysis, literary theory, and fiction, it finds an artistic or cultural pretext for each of its expositions – a line from Virgil, a painting by Conder, a theory by Freud, a film by Greenaway, a text by Derrida, novels by Roussel or Gibson, a sixteenth-century rhetoric – that connects thematically or theoretically with the question of prosthesis.

Dobro małżonków. Identyfikacja elementu ad validitatem w orzecznictwie Roty Rzymskiej

Author(s): Andrzej Pastwa / Language(s): Polish

“The clarification of […] the bonum coniugum exclusion hypotheses must be carefully studied by the jurisprudence of the Roman Rota” said Benedict XVI in 2011, referring indirectly to the diagnosis of the dean of the Roman Rota, Mario Francesco Pompedda, who stated in 1998 that the legal content of the clause of “the good of the spouses” constitutes one of the most crucial hermeneutic issues, which calls for more in-depth research. Now more than ever, the Pope’s memento appears akin to a compass designed to guide the service of the Apostolic Tribunal, one which makes it possible to determine clear judicial standards in the identification of the said element ad validitatem. Service, it is worth to add, which requires integrity and professionalism since, when it comes to the fundamental issues included in the sphere designated by the 2013 Rota allocution “Marriage and the relationship between faith and the natural order” (which, predictably, is where Benedict XVI situates the issue of “clarifying the essential element of bonum coniugum”), the words of John Paul II, who said that “legal hermeneutics requires […] a vision which encompasses the whole body of the Church’s teachings,” appear to become even more significant. // In such an obvious way John Paul II and Benedict XVI — titans of spirit and intellect, caryphaeuses of humanism, measured with a simultaneous engagement in fides et ratio—refer to the potential of science. It is, thus, difficult to ignore the invitation expressed in those words—which also highlights the role of the creators of the Rota jurisprudence, “the exemplary juridical wisdom”—for the canon law experts searching for the truth de matrimonio in theoretical research. Indeed, the papal thought—bolstered by the severity of the problem, i.e. the risk of proliferation of erroneous interpretations of ordinato ad bonum coniugum (“the danger that threatens the correct application of the norms on incapacity [and exclusions], […] and to transform the simple shortcomings of the spouses in their conjugal existence into impediment”), particularly in the lower tribunals—calls for serious consideration. This, in turn, constitutes an important challenge for the scholars, as well as the judges of the Roman Rota, to transform (in the spirit of paradigmatic harmonization vetera et nova) personalistic ideas, grounded in tradition and conciliar magisterium, into legal praxis. Therefore, the following attempt of a scholarly approach to the title identification of the ad validitatem element in the Roman Rota jurisprudence is predominantly inscribed into the doctrinal and judicial context delineated above. // The methodical ordering of the variety of judicial stances, valorizing the bonum coniugum formula, has been facilitated by the process of distinguishing, within the broad research area, particular premises: genetic and historical as well as epistemological and methodological, which resulted in the formulation of research hypotheses, formulated in the conclusions of the first part of the monograph and then verified (it could be said: successfully) in the following parts. // Regarding the hypotheses, it should be noted that there exists a documented fact (included in hypothesis II-2), which proves that a special Papal magisterium, included in his speeches addressed to the Roman Rota, authorizes an optimal methodology of the judicial approach towards essentialia in matrimonio, which consists in leading the discourse along the axis: anthropological realism—judicial realism. Search query of all published (as well as unpublished) sentences pronounced by the Rota, which highlight the bonum coniugum formula to a greater or lesser extent, consciously directed toward the analysis of the two aforementioned surfaces: anthropological and stricte legal, confirmed the validity of that perspective. Thus, it demonstrated that a sine qua non condition for an appropriate selection (according to hypothesis II-3) of consistent jurisprudence with regard to bonum coniugum—both in “non-autonomous” as well as “autonomous” configurations—is the affirmation of the paradigm of the “realism” of the new matrimonial doctrine. // The conclusions, presented as a summarizing comparison between the paradigmatic depictions of bonum coniugum: (I) depictions which appear to have been an instrument of the past (the good of the spouses understood exclusively in nonautonomous configurations); (II) depictions which are open to further developments (the good of the spouses understood in autonomous configurations)—must remain open to discussion, for a lack of a better option. This particular scholarly approach: that of a constant search for the “signs of times,” is grounded in the teachings of Benedict XVI (see: hypothesis II-1) when he says, “Cases in which there is failure to recognize the other as spouse or in which the essential ordering of the community of conjugal life to the good of the other is excluded are [today – A.P.] quite exceptional. The clarification of these hypotheses of exclusion of the bonum coniugum must be attentively assessed by the jurisprudence of the Roman Rota.”

Play - a Philosophical and Literary Concept

Author(s): Milena Z. Ćirić / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

After many centuries of the strict reign of the rationality, philosophy of the late 19th and especially the 20th century has widen its range to include something that the ancient Greek philosophers would highly oppose to and that is play. This paper will try to show that since the revolutionary teachings of Friedrich Nietzsche and his concept will to power which presupposes creative play the scale has been shifted and traditional metaphysics no longer has a firm stronghold in philosophy. Moreover, the emergence of phenomenology and its focus on subjectivity created many pathways, and Eugen Fink considered play to be one of the founding phenomena and the essential mode in which the being exists in the world. That reflections have influenced contemplation about art and language, and when it comes to art, the role of play is, in Hans Georg Gadamer’s theory, crucial to the idea of mimesis and truth in art and literature.

Свободата в контекста на руската етическа парадигма

Author(s): Dobromir Dobrev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2019

Freedom, in the context of the ethical views of the Russian classics – Berdyaev, Solovyov, Dostoevsky and others, is examined. Emphasis is placed on freedom and the enormous challenges to achieve it. The faith in Man and the possibility for divine incarnation is a distinctive characteristic of Russian religious philosophy. The first part discusses Berdyaev’s statements about God and unbridled freedom. He regarded Christianity as a new beginning in the understanding of freedom. Berdyaev highly appreciates the contribution of Dostoyevsky to this topic. Freedom and related suffering are the big themes of Dostoyevsky. The battle between Christ and the Antichrist is studied.

Filozofia hermeneutyczna. Inspiracje, klasycy, radykalizacje

Author(s): Włodzimierz Lorenc / Language(s): Polish

The first Polish monograph devoted to hermeneutic philosophy. It considers the main sources of inspiration of this philosophy, the works of its classic authors, that is, Gadamer and Ricoeur, as well as its modern radicalizations proposed by Vattimo and Caputo. The author discusses the place of hermeneutics within the framework of the whole of modern philosophy and proposes some corrections which enable its functioning as a fully valid way of pursuing philosophy.

Modern Quranic Hermeneutics: Abdulkarim Soroush on the Expansion of Prophetic Experience

Author(s): Abdullah Rexhepi,İsa Memishi / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2020

. Since early times, Muslims have speculated on the nature of Revelation and the Divine Speech. This has resulted in Muslim scholars developing divergent approaches to this problem. With the constitution of the orthodoxy, the former school became dominant and it postulated that the Quran is the Word of God dictated to Prophet Muhammad through the angel Jabrail. However, during the last decades in Iran emerged scholars, such as Abdulkarim Soroush, who proposed new approaches to understanding and interpreting Revelation. This paper discusses the hermeneutical project put forward by Soroush by discussing his article on the “Expansion of Prophetic Experience”. In this article, the author argues that his modern hermeneutics is radically different from orthodox theology and problematizes that the idea that the Quran as a human creation brings about other implications outside theology, such as for instance opening the Muslim thought and liberating it from scriptural readings.

Embodied Rationality as a Mode of the Visibility of Ethics

Author(s): Olga Dolska,Viktoria Lobas / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2021

Emphasizing a keen interest in the corporeal/bodily in its dynamics and its cognitive characteristics, the authors show that the appeal to the corporeal as a cognitive option changes the understanding and perception of such traditional phenomena as the world, reality, space, things. The proposition that the subject constructs the world, and our bodily experience is determined by the word and constructed by discursive contexts, looks incomplete: its limited nature requires some additions. The authors underline that the study of human sensual cognitive capabilities and the analysis of the cognitive map of the bodily forces us to pay attention to embodied rationality. Addressing it allows us to overcome constructivism, focused exclusively on the discourse of the word, because our intelligence was also shaped in accordance with the form of body action. The authors turned to the problem of mode the visibility of ethics and posed a provocative question as follows: can the cognitive abilities of the bodily act as a basis for ‘construction the morality’ and occupy n equal position with verbal discourse? To solve this problem, the authors analyzed relevant scientific findings and their influence on the nature of the development of constructivist epistemology, studied the debate on the issue of ethics taking place among the representatives of constructivism, and, in particular, analyzed discussions on tools of the constructivism. At present, all ideas and works of constructivism must take into account bodily rationality as their obligatory component (in its general instrumental and methodological basis), and bodily rationality can serve as the basis for “constructing morality.”

Arhipelag suvremene filozofije

Author(s): Tonči Valentić / Language(s): Croatian

The Archipelago of Contemporary Philosophy consists of collected critical reviews and essays on 52 works by Croatian and European authors that have marked past two decades in philosophy. The book accurately and systematically monitors and critically registers the multiplicity and ramifications of various philosophical directions and intentions of the modern humanities. Tonči Valentić is Assistant Professor at the Faculty of Textile Technology, Department of Fashion Design, University of Zagreb, where he teaches courses in Media Theory, Sociology of Culture, Semiotics of Fashion, and Cultural Anthropology. He obtained MA degree in philosophy and literature from Faculty of Humanities in Zagreb, MA degree in sociology and anthropology from CEU in Budapest and PhD in sociology from University of Ljubljana. His books include: Multiple Modernities (2006), Camera Absondita: Essays on Ontology of Photography (2013), Archipelago of Contemporary Philosophy (2018) and Media Construction of Balkanism (2021).

Ontology of the Digital Culture: World Trends and Chinese Advanced Experience

Author(s): Denys Svyrydenko,Olena Yatsenko / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2021

The concept of digital culture defines a set of values, practices, and expectations regarding the format of human interaction in today’s online society. Predictions of digital culture describe the specifics of the online environment and the general context of social life. The range of interpretations of digital culture varies between two poles: from the recognition of digital technologies as a way of presenting libraries, museums, historical monuments, etc., to the concepts of digital culture as a new socio-anthropological reality, the content of which is not limited to ICT. Culture as a phenomenon means the semantic unity of human activity, the desire to format social life following ideas and values, the movement from existing to obligatory, from actual to potential, and digital culture is an adequate response to the demands and challenges. People worldwide change their placement of everyday activity, and we could admit such huge transformation in the Chinese People’s Republic exactly obvious

„Задачата на преводача“ на Валтер Бенямин и невъзможността за пряко съобщение

Author(s): Kristiyan Enchev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2021

The text analyzes the possibilities to think of pure language as indicated in the harmonization of modes of intention in the translation activity. This language is, in a sense, a regulative idea and it have to be liberated in translation. It is essential to distinguish between the modes of intention and intended objects, between what is named in pure language and what is „overnamed“ in human languages. One of the theses in this text – that language in its auto-relation undergoes auto-modalization – makes the connection with Kierkegaard's understanding of the impossibility of direct communication. The indication of the untranslatable is an opportunity in the language of the translator to insert as indicated the elusive in the translation and thus to introduce the use of a broken language. Awakening of the "echo of the original" means a „thinking more“ (according to Kant) through the figure.

Introduction: Animal (As) Writing, Writing (As) Animal

Author(s): Rodolfo Piskorski / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2021

Furia i szlachetniejszy rozum. Próby o "Burzy" Williama Szekspira

Author(s): Tadeusz Sławek / Language(s): Polish

As Stephen Greenblatt claims The Tempest summarizes all major preoccupations of other plays: legitimate power is abolished, civilization is threatened by wilderness, discourse is besieged by the darkness of inarticulate sounds, and theatrical performance looms large as a metaphor of human life. It is the final play of a great master and hence one is tempted to venture a hypothe-sis that, perhaps Shakespeare’s Prospero, like Ulisses in the XI canto of Odysei, speaks to us from the other side, from a dark and mysterious island of the dead, and his theatre is the only way in which we could approach death in the epoch of broken rituals and general disenchantment. Thus, Prospero’s famous line at the end of the play “Our revels now are ended” declares not only the end of the time of performance but refers to a much wider, Kermodian, sense of ending.

Български гласове в чужбина

Author(s): Tatyana Batuleva,Yvanka Raynova,Bianca Boteva-Richter,Anani Stoynev,Nina Dimitrova,Dimitar Tsatsov,Gabriela Kasarova,Plamen Damyanov,Kamelia Zhabilova,Galina Dekova / Language(s): English,Bulgarian,German

The aim of the volume "Bulgarian Voices Abroad. Philosophical Accents" is to present the main ideas and achievements of authors of Bulgarian origin - philosophers, intellectuals and cultural figures, who worked mainly abroad, such as Dr. Petar Beron, Radoslav Tsanov, Yanko Yanev, Georgi Gachev, Assen Ignatov, Tsvetan Todorov, Julia Kristeva and others. This "outward looking" view also allows us a reverse perspective: turning the look to ourselves becomes an occasion to see ourselves through the eyes of the other, to rethink the specifics of the foreign and the own/native. The point of view of one who is sufficiently "other", distanced from events and paradigms, can give us an unbiased assessment of them. At the same time, he is sufficiently near to "us" for his analyzes to be relevant to "our" reality as well.

Death and immortality in "Dracula's Diary": readings through "Corpus Hermeticum"

Author(s): Lucian Vasile Bâgiu / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2023

The knowledge existent at present, which generates the need for a new approach to the myth of Dracula, refers to an almost unanimous reception based on the novel published in 1897 by Bram Stoker and on the tens of the subsequent portrayals which have induced a social and cultural paradigm standardized as commercial kitsch. Within this fictitious construct Dracula has been expounded in manifold keys. However, to ordinary perception, his figure is reduced to the semi-caricatural vampire character, the living-dead craving for blood. This article aims to answer a series of questions about the representations of Dracula and their relevance to the fields of cultural and literary studies: Which is the “real” Dracula? Which are the psychological, cultural, social and historical impulses determining the actions of the character and the established myth? To what extent the deeds of the personage can be accounted for through the instrumentality of psychological impetus and by the agency of cultural, philosophical, esoteric, and occult principles? Thus can the “real” Dracula be integrated into an ampler context of culture and civilization, where his alienation and his monstrosity belong less to the paradigm of “the other”, of “the stranger” and refer more to the revealing of some of “our” intimately repressed human features?The article proposes a critical examination and reinterpretation of Dracula’s image, starting from the novel Jurnalul lui Dracula (Dracula’s Diary) (1992) by the Romanian writer and academic Marin Mincu. Original responses are being suggested to the questions defined previously – through several writing and literary theory techniques, including references to Corpus Hermeticum.By comparing and contrasting the hermetic philosophical text and the Romanian novel, the essay aims at finding out whether the entire construct of the myth of Dracula can be explained through two cultural and philosophical aspects, namely death and immortality. It also offers a new reading, another conceptualization of a familiar but debatable subject, which reinterprets and even rejects the mainstream view. The work by the extremely well-informed Romanian academic, which was first published in Italy, has nothing in common with Bram Stoker’s (“vampiric falsification”, asserts the author in the preface…), but vividly portrays the “real” Dracula, the Prince Vlad the Impaler, imprisoned in the underground cave of a castle under the Budapest Danube, writing a journal between February, 2nd, 1463 and August, 28th, 1464. In his diary the character recalls his historical fate and legendary destiny through references to aspects of Romanian culture and civilization considered in a European context. For instance, the study approaches topics such as: the religion of Zalmoxis as the philosophical and existential foundation of the Romanians; Dacians’ attitude towards death, as described by Herodotus, which might have influenced Pythagoras, Socrates, the Eleusinian and the Orphic Mysteries; the boycott of history by the Romanian people (an echo from philosopher Lucian Blaga’s writings); the orality of the Romanian culture (as opposed to the written culture of the western Europe); the oral folkloric creations, the ballad Miorița (The Little Ewe) and the fairy-tale Tinerețe fără bătrânețe și viață fără de moarte (Youth without old age and life without death), etc. All of these are put forward within the humanistic, Renaissance context of the epoch, given that Dracula was a friend of Marsilio Ficino, Nicolaus Cusanus, Pope Pius II, Cosimo de’ Medici, etc. Researchers will discover new speculative themes and directions with regard to the seemingly exhausted myth of Dracula.

Poszukiwacz sensu wśród strzępków historii. Wokół „Z. Po-wieści” Mieczysława Porębskiego

Author(s): Katarzyna Szkaradnik / Language(s): Polish

The book is devoted to the reconstruction and analysis of the philosophy of history and philosophy of culture, an outline of which Mieczysław Porębski presented in Z. Po-wieść (1989). This work is sometimes classified as a postmodern “professorial novel”, while the author of A seeker of sense among the strands of history tries to demonstate that the bricolage poetics is mainly staffage, as the distinguished art historian and theorist was motivated by the desire to reflect on the historical process and the meaning of European culture for contemporaries. The leitmotif of Z. is the wandering of the title character through the history and literature of the Old Continent, considered in the monograph i.a. in relation to the composition, the world presented, the autothematism, the philosophical assumptions and the ideological meaning of the novel. The authoress analyzes the figure of the protagonist, genological issues, the problem of historiography and narrative, and the textual implication of the authorial subject. She considers the dialectic between the search for universal truths about human nature and the imperative to convey the truth of one’s own time, and furthermore presents the futuristic predictions of the author of Iconosphere. Finally, she shows the hermeneutic perspective as the best one to interpret Z., as it is revealed in the actions and utterances of the protagonist himself, who seeks the essential message of tradition and the meaning of historical experience.

Varlık, Bilgi ve Marifet İlim, Amel ve Hakikat Meselesi

Author(s): Gökhan Oruç Önalan / Language(s): Turkish

The creation of the human being is in two parts, the body and the soul. As verse 26 of Surat al-Hijr points out, the body is in the process of physical and biological change starting from the soil as a work and manifestation of Allah's attribute of creation. The soul is as much in need of spiritual power as the body is in need of necessities. Man wants to recognize and know the Divine will that created him, to comprehend the reason for the creation of this world and to learn the purpose of his creation in this world. Islam is the only religion in the sight of Allah (swt) that was sent to all mankind, whose rule will transcend the ages and last until the Day of Judgment, the religion of Tawheed, which was preached by the first human being and the first Prophet, Hz Adam (as), and the continuation (abrogation) of the following celestial religions. In the year 610 A.H., Jabrâil (as) conveyed his mission to our Prophet Muhammad (saw), and thus the Messenger of Allah (saw) was appointed by Allah (swt) as our last and greatest guide. The purpose (maqāṣid al-sharī'a) of the religion's theological, practical and ethical rulings is to ensure that the servants attain happiness in this world and the Hereafter, and to gain the pleasure of Allah (swt) in all their behaviors. In verse 10 of Surat al-Fāṭir, the expression "beautiful words" refers to knowledge, thus drawing attention to the fact that deeds are complementary to knowledge. Thus, the path to maqāṣṣud al-shari'a is through knowledge and deeds, and knowledge is the most virtuous of deeds. The purpose of knowledge is to act upon it.

Hermeneutyka – fenomenologia – filozofia nadziei

Author(s): / Language(s): Polish

The volume offers essays introducing selected varieties of hermeneutics and problems tackled by thinkers associated with the hermeneutical tradition as well as texts by philosophers as significant for modern thought as Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Martin Heidegger, Jacques Derrida, Hannah Arendt, or Jan Patočka. The publication pays homage to the academic achievements of Włodzimierz Lorenc, a Professor at the Faculty of Philosophy, University of Warsaw, and a prominent student of modern continental thought.

Propřírodně zaměřený učitel a jeho přístup k (environmentální) výchově

Author(s): Jana Létalová / Language(s): Czech

The publication aims to cover the key factors which influenced the teacher´s biophile/pro-environmental orientation, and his approach to the education, and subsequently provide his life picture for which the term bioprofile is used. In order to fulfill the goal of the publication a qualitative approach was chosen. The group of respondents consisted of four teachers whose profiles corresponded with the set beforehand criteria. For data collecting and their analysis and interpretation the method of life history in combination with the narrative, phenomenological and hermeneutical approaches was used. The final bioprofile, which is mainly the result of the respondents´spontaneous narration, interlinks three related areas. These were detected within the process of the obtained data analysis and comparison. The submitted monography offers a more complex view of pro-environmentally oriented teacher. Exploring the life history of each respondent, enabled us not only to identify the essential factors which influenced the teacher´s biophile orientation, but also to understand deeper his personality and the way of his pedagogical thinking.

Dokumenty Mezinárodní teologické komise 1969-2017 a některé další texty Papežské biblické komise a Kongregace pro nauku víry

Author(s): / Language(s): Czech

The book contains, in chronological order according to the date of publication, Czech translations of all the documents of the International Theological Commission with introductory studies in Czech. In addition, there are also Czech translations of two documents of the Pontifical Biblical Commission and some other documents of the Roman Pontifical Councils. These texts are very important for the formation of theologians both in the basic course and in doctoral studies. The individual texts are devoted to specific areas of systematic theology or to particular pressing issues facing theology in the contemporary world. The book should be part of the equipment of every student of theology, every teacher of any theological subject, and all workers in the field of pastoral care. It is sure to find a resonance also in the wider circle of those interested in the issues of faith and Christian thought in our country.

Priručnik kritike

Author(s): / Language(s): Serbian

Basic concepts in the humanities and social sciences are often characterized by a certain semantic redundancy, the possibility of constantly infusing new meanings into a certain concept, as the most diverse actors recognize it as a determinant that significantly defines their actions and accordingly modify its existing meaning, i.e. articulate more one of its variations. That process, however, does not result in the meaninglessness and dissolution of the term itself — reaching the point where there would no longer be any "family resemblances" in the content of its numerous variations — but, on the contrary, in its enrichment...