ИСТОРИЧЕСКИЕ ИСТОКИ ИНТУИТИВНОЙ ОЧЕВИДНОСТИ ИНДИВИДУАЛИЗМА

Author(s): FEDOR STANZHEVSKIY / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/2015

The article is an attempt to retrace some sources of individualism, first of all in the philosophy of mind.Individualism here constitutes an endeavor to separate human mind from the world. The necessity oftracking the genesis of individualism is due to the fact that individualism appears to many as intuitivelyobvious. However, this apparent evidence results from our historical tradition or, rather, from some ofits components. This individualistic component of the western tradition stems to a great extent from theCalvinist ideology. The idea of predestination in Calvin’s theology was far from belonging to the pureorder of thought: in fact it indelibly marked the whole of social practices in Calvinist and in particularpuritan societies. This idea, according to Max Weber, Louis Dumont and Charles Taylor, largely contributedto the making of modern individualism. This range of individualist ideas and practices receivedmuch impetus in the philosophy of John Locke. On the one hand, Locke’s philosophy as well as that ofDescartes contains some potentiality different from the individualist one. On the other hand, Descartesand Locke lay the foundations of the representational view on mind, which severs the ties and bondsthat exist between man and the world. The subject becomes an individual, enclosed in the micro-worldof its own representations. This individualization in philosophy goes in pair with social individualization.The latter form of individualization is reflected in a literary form in the famous «Robinson Crusoe»by Defoe. In its turn, Leibniz’s Monadology is a manifesto of philosophical individualism. On thewhole, this individualist tendency of Modernity still continues to guide our understanding and selfunderstanding,often without our knowing it. If one wants to formulate a different, non-individualistmetaphysics, one needs to seek inspiration in the non-individualist part of the tradition of Modernity.

ПРЕДИСЛОВИЕ К ПУБЛИКАЦИИ РИККАРДО ЛАЦЦАРИ. ВОПРОС О МИРЕ И КОСМОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ ИНТЕРПРЕТАЦИЯ «КРИТИКИ ЧИСТОГО РАЗУМА» КАНТА ОЙГЕНОМ ФИНКО

Author(s): DARIA KONONETC / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/2015

This paper is a translation into Russian of the article by Riccardo Lazzari where the poorly exploredtopic of Eugen Fink’s phenomenological interpretation of Kant’s «Critique of pure reason» isdiscussed. In this work he puts in a par interpretation made by Fink in his works: «Welt undEndlichkeit», «Alles und Nichts», «Epilegomena zu Immanuel Kants “Kritik der reinen Vernunft”»— with others phenom-enological interpretations of «Critique of pure reason». Comparing method ofinterpretation used by Fink with interpretations made by Heidegger and Husserl author discovers aspecific of phenomeno-logical interpretation of Fink and its role as a method that allowsphenomenological philosophy to find a way to negotiate metaphysics and to clarify one of the mainphilosophical problems that is the prob-lem of the world. In this article Lazzari particularly analysesthe Fink’s lecture «World and finitude» (1949) which is the most important text for understanding ofthe role of «Critique of pure reason» for Fink’s own phenomenological approach. The aim of thearticle is to summarize the evolution of Fink’s interpretation of Kant’s «Critique of pure reason»during his entire philosophical research. The problem of the world is the guiding idea of this study. Atthe same time, Lazzari analyzes the role of Fink’s inter-pretation of Kant in the debate about themeaning of the world between Fink, Husserl’s phenomenology and Heidegger’s phenomenologicalproject.

ОБЗОР ВСЕРОССИЙСКОЙ НАУЧНОЙ КОНФЕРЕНЦИИ «ИСТОРИЯ ФЕНОМЕНОЛОГИЧЕСКОЙ ФИЛОСОФИИ И СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ ФЕНОМЕНОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ»

(11–12 ноября 2014 г., Москва, Россия)

Author(s): Andrei Patkul / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/2015

The main theses of presentations delivered on the conference under the title «History of PhenomenologicalPhilosophy and Contemporary Phenomenological Investigations» held in Moscow at Instituteof Philosophy of the Russian Academy of Sciences from November 11th to November 12th, 2014 arepresented in the review. The subjects of the presentations were very various: at conference, there was atstake the history of phenomenology in the USSR and Russia, the phenomenological priority of space,absoluteness of an evidence in Husserl, the Heidegger’s treatment of religious life and many other. Thepanel discussion, which is carried out in the frameworks of the conference on which both essential andmethodological problems of phenomenological philosophy were discussed, is of special interest.

Įtarumo Hermeneutika Ir Interpretacijos Pagrįstumas

Author(s): Aleksandras Krasnovas / Language(s): Lithuanian Issue: 64/2010

The article discusses the validity of interpretations in the so-called hermeneutic of suspicion. This concept, introduced by H.-G. Gadamer, expresses the attitude of an interpreter to find the masked meaning of the text rather than that which is intended. Therefore, hermeneutic of suspicion liberates the interpreter from searching the intentions of the text and allows to „insert“ his own meanings into the text. On the other hand, communicational intention of the text serves as an antidote against arbitrary interpretations. The article, based on a feministic interpretation of Antanas Vienuolis short story The Drowned Woman, analyses the methodology of hermeneutic of suspicion and the validity of „suspicious“ interpretation.

СМЫСЛ И СОКРЫТИЕ СМЫСЛА У ПАУЛЯ ЦЕЛАНА (1975)

Author(s): Hans-Georg Gadamer / Language(s): Russian Issue: 2/2013

In the earliest text dedicated to Paul Celan Gadamer tries to answer the question about what concealmentis, namely the almost deliberate concealment of meaning, so skillfully settled by the poet. Resortingto the analysis of the poem «Tenebrae» Gadamer shows that specific technique of writing, which releasesmultilevelness of semantic content using block concatenation of words. But the unity of semanticintention, this the most difficult work, is left here to the reader.

Феноменологический и семантический подход к Целану? (1991)

Author(s): Hans-Georg Gadamer / Language(s): Russian Issue: 2/2013

Gadamer tries to point out the method of decoding Paul Celan’s texts. The very formulation of the titleindicates that nor semantic neither phenomenological approach can be chosen here as fundamental.Analyzing a poem DU DARFST (YOU CAN) Gadamer points out that semantic approach is able to disclosethe multidimensionality (polysemanticism) of poetic vocabulary, whereas phenomenological approachallows this multidimensionality to speak out, that is, to form the integrity of meaning.

ЖИВАЯ МЕТАФОРА. Восьмой очерк/ Метафора и философский дискурс

Author(s): Paul Ricoeur / Language(s): Russian Issue: 2/2013

The purpose of the essay, according to what Ricoeur tells the reader, is to explore philosophical limitsof the study whose center of gravity has shifted from the rhetoric and semantics to the hermeneuticsand from the problems of sense to the problems of reference. The author explores differences betweenpoetic and speculative types of discourse. On the basis of this distinction, established by the philosophicalact as such, rises the question about the clarification of the modality of such interaction. Answeringthis question is necessary for clarifying the ontology underlying Ricoeur’s research.

Chleb i woda jako metafory słowa Bożego w czterech Ewangeliach

Author(s): Dawid Ledwoń / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2017

Bread and water are among the best-known Biblical metaphors for the Word of God. This article presents a study of their occurrence in the four Gospels against the backdrop of the Old Testament. However, an analysis of the explicit references to bread and water is not exhaustive with regards to the topic under discussion. Therefore, other terms that relate to them, such as food, spring, hunger, thirst, feeding, and drinking, are also of great interest. Studying the metaphors for the Word of God reveals both a continuation of the Biblical ideas within the four Gospels, as well as a total novelty in the expression of the Word that became flesh (Jn 1:14).

Dlaczego Jezus nazwał siebie „Chlebem Życia”?

Author(s): Jacek Stefański / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2017

Why did Jesus refer to Himself as the “Bread of Life”? Obviously, He intended to give us the gift of Himself in the Eucharist. But why did He choose the form of bread? Beginning with the first use of the word “bread” in the Masoretic Text of the Book of Genesis and the etymological meaning of this term, one can see how God was preparing His Chosen People for the real Presence of His Son in the Most Blessed Sacrament. The bread offered to Abraham by Melchizedek as a gesture of blessing, the manna in the desert as bread from heaven, the bread of Presence in the tent of meeting and in the Jerusalem temple as a unique manifestation of God’s Covenant and love for His People, as well as the messianic expectations of Jewish tradition are all realities expressing the unfolding plan of God in reference to the Body of Christ, present in the Eucharist. This plan reached its climax during the Last Supper in view of the future ultimate Sacrifice of the Lord on the Cross.

Анонс перевода книги Поля Рикера «La métaphore vive»

Author(s): The Editorial Board HORIZON / Language(s): Russian Issue: 2/2012

ПРИРОДА ЈУРИСТИЧКОГ ЗАКЉУЧКА

Author(s): Saša B. Bovan / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 2/2013

The paper examines the problem of the nature of judicial conclusion, starting from the premise of the factual position. Therein, the hypothesis is tested which underlines that the smaller premise has a more complex structure than it seems at a glance, i.e. apart from asserting and qualifying the facts, its structure embodies an explanation of facts which link these two aspects of the premise of factual situation. The explanation of facts is a dimension of the small premise which fundamentally determines the nature of the judicial conclusion, i.e. points to the fact that legal reasoning has at the same time a logical, theological but also a causal nature (legal reasoning as tehne, phronesis and episteme). As a consequence of this approach follows a conclusion that the procedure of qualifying the facts has predominantly an inductive character, meaning that the substance of a general legal norm is „filled“ starting from the factual situation. This view corresponds with the constructive theory of interpretation which stresses that interpretation is not only revealing but also forming the meaning (valuation on the basis of a relevant context).

CONTRA LEGEM ЈУДИЦИРАЊЕ – ПАНДОРИНА КУТИЈА ПРАВНЕ ХЕРМЕНЕУТИКЕ

Author(s): Saša B. Bovan / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 2/2012

The author examines the relation between the reality of contra legem decision making and the necessity for a methodical articulation of this form of judicial work. Contra legem decision making is analyzed as a method of the least painful and the most rational dealing with the value based discrepancies, which derive from the instances of relatively similar social relations being regulated differently. The author offers examples of the contra legem decision making of the Supreme Cassation Court of Serbia.

ПАРАЛЕЛЬ КВАНТОВОЇ ГЕРМЕНЕВТИКИ ОСМИСЛЕННЯ СВІТУ З ГАЙДЕГЕРІВСЬКИМ ПРОЕКТОМ ПІЗНАННЯ

Author(s): Irina Fourier / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 1/2013

The article deals with the concept of technology М.Heidegger as criticism technical interpretation of thinking and ideas M.Haydehera impact on the further development of science and philosophy. In particular, the parallel between quantum аstrophysical hermeneutics and existential hermeneutical concept known philosopher.

ŠPET’S “HERMENEUTIC PHENOMENOLOGY” PROJECT

Author(s): Natalia Artemenko / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2017

prominence, and the significance of his work in contemporary philosophy has increased accordingly. Alongside this process has been another, just as relentless — that of the elaboration and enrichment of our conceptions of the philosopher’s creative character, as well as of nature and essence of his philosophy. Špet’s phenomenon was to become yet another of the major individual projects on the synthesis of the humanities that emerged during his time in the first half of the 20th century. From the point of view of historical fact, Špet’s involvement with the phenomenological movement is limited to him being Husserl’s student in Göttingen from 1912-1913, and to their subsequent written correspondence. Appearance and Sense, the monograph devoted to the problems of phenomenology, was published in 1914. The interweaving of phenomenology and hermeneutics that occurred in Appearance and Sense allowed Špet to reveal the very essence of phenomenology, the exact essence which, according to his words, Husserl was unable to unveil.And here he referred to hermeneutics in order to present phenomenology in a basic and essential way. In this text, hermeneutics and phenomenology are bound tightly together, and they intersect constantly. Following on from A. Savin, we endeavour to justify the thesis that hermeneutics, forŠpet himself most likely a detailed commentary of his phenomenological research with no independent significance of its own, gained meaning only within the scope of his phenomenological program.

СТИХИ ХАЙДЕГГЕРА: ДИСКУРС МУДРЕЦА ИЛИ ЯЗЫКОВОЙ ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТ?

Author(s): Natalia Azarova / Language(s): Russian Issue: 2/2017

In this article, we examine Heidegger’s poetry, which was published in the 81st volume of hiscollected works. We consider it as an independent discursive practice that could express existencein a different mode of philosophical discourse, which could either be called “philosopher’s poetry”or “discourse of a thinker” — the experience of thinking in a pure form. With the help of poetry,Heidegger establishes the very possibility of poetic thought. Heidegger’s poetry during all his life,his work is ever-changing, from rhymed text to rhythmical vers libre, while simultaneouslyvarying formats: counting rhyme, ecphrasis, a poem-commentary, aphorism, and so on. At thesame time, the format of Heidegger’s poetry, as wells as its graphics, the attention to short (simple)words, form a connection with the Avant-garde poetry contemporary to him and in particular theminimalism of the middle and second half of the 20th century. The actual form of the poem (therhyme, the length of the verse, and its vertical dimension, the iconization and the ductility) of thepoetical word allows the philosopher to build connections that are equal in value without usingcommon discursive elements such as cohesion tools and semblance. An etymological explosionsounds more persuasive in a poem than in a philosophical text, not only because of consonance,but also due to the graphics of the verse. Heidegger is attempting to “achieve” an untranslatabletext, and thus his poetry is a manifestation of the possibilities of his native language, which is maybe conceived as the universal discourse of a thinker. The most important aspect in the poetry of thephilosopher is a new concept of text creation, an experience of a contemporary discussion throughthe speech of Parmenides. The non-linear nature of a poetical text, the dialectic offragmentation/unity could materialize the lack of linearity in the wandering in front of the opening(Lichtung). The thinker’s discourse is characterized by a procedure of recurrence that is achievedby the cyclical nature of Heidegger’s poetry, the main unfinished text, and his gravitation aroundmini cycles and open cycles. Poetical discourse is a way towards antipropositionality, whereaspoetry allows to stop perceiving language as a tool for creation of expression devices. It is also atheological approach: not to deduct the unknown from the known. Heidegger’s poetry can be seenas theological poetry as well.

Na czym polega poznawanie prawa? O konsekwencjach myśli Gadamerowskiej dla edukacji prawniczej

Author(s): Paweł Jabłoński / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2016

Hans-Georg Gadamer claims that there are two keys to a proper understanding of the humanities. The first is the concept of Bildung, and the other – legal hermeneutics. This article is an attempt to apply Gadamer’s claim in the field of legal education. This application leads to three conclusions: a) the need to involve practice to legal education, b) the need for humanization of legal education, c) the need for an individualized approach to law studies.

Особливості етимологічного методу в герменевтиці

Author(s): Oleksiy Semenyuchenko / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 2/2009

The article is devoted to the research of the etymological method in hermeneutics and their peculiarity. Discovered one of the precondition hermeneutics procedure.

Korzystanie z tekstów biblijnych w posłudze homiletycznej

Author(s): Jerzy Niestępski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2014

Changes taking place in modern times as to the homiletic look at the content of sermons create a new opportunity for the transmission of the message of salvation. It is worth remembering that the Scriptures are to be the essential content of homilies. This requires that the kerygma become the content of the homily. The effectiveness of preaching depends on the work of a proper preparation and presentation of the kerygma. Thus it is necessary to master the ability of reading it correctly. The awareness of ways of the proper use of the biblical text in the ministry of preaching is also a necessity. It is extremely important that the preacher himself live by biblical principles and continually be close to the word of God and that he teach this to his listeners. His main task is to treat each biblical text with maximum care. Proceeding this way he will also teach those listening to him a complete respect for the word of God and for the existential meaning that it provides.

Wiara i misja, fundament i wyzwanie

Author(s): Luca Bovio / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2014

Gdy analizujemy zakończenie każdej Ewangelii, zastanawia uniwersalny wymiar misji, do jakiej powoływani są uczniowie. Ostatnie słowa, które wypowiada Jezus przed swoim wniebowstąpieniem, to polecenie: „Dana mi jest wszelka władza w niebie i na ziemi. Idźcie więc i nauczajcie wszystkie narody, udzielając im chrztu w imię Ojca i Syna, i Ducha Świętego. Uczcie je zachowywać wszystko, co wam przykazałem. A oto Ja jestem z wami przez wszystkie dni, aż do skończenia świata” (Mt 28, 18- 20). Uczniowie mają głosić Ewangelię całemu światu, każdemu narodowi, każdemu człowiekowi, bez wyjątku.

Homilie ks. kan. Kazimierza Skowrońskiego wygłoszone w kościele parafialnym pw. Św. Mikołaja w Chorzelach na Uroczystość Zesłania Ducha Świętego,wyjęte z prywatnego archiwum ks. Wojciecha Turowskiego

Author(s): Wojciech Turowski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2012

Homilia z 1986r. „Jeśli się ktoś nie narodzi z wody i z Ducha, nie może wejść do Królestwa Bożego”. Umiłowani w Chrystusie Panu! 1. Panuje dziś złudne przekonanie, że jedynym podmiotem działającym jest człowiek lub społeczeństwo, że realizacja wszelkich wartości duchowych i dążenie do udoskonalenia świata mogą być spełnione wyłącznie przy pomocy sił naturalnych. Tymczasem człowiek zawodzi, jest omylny. Widzieliśmy to na przykładzie amerykańskiego wahadłowca, który po wystartowaniu rozpadł się w górze i runął na ziemię; czy też awaria w elektrowni atomowej w Czarnobylu.