Утицај страних директних инвестиција на привредни развој града Новог Сада

Author(s): Stevan Rapaić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 1/2017

In the last two decades there was a lot of talk about FDI. This type of foreign capital has been presented to the public as the most effective tool in the fight against unemployment and poverty in Serbia. Considering that the impact of FDI is most visible at the local level, where you can clearly spot the differences in the quality of life of the local community, we decided to tie our research to local economic development of the city of Novi Sad. This city was chosen because it represents a positive example in attracting FDI, of which only the nonfinancial sector reached more than 2.5 billion euro. In this regard, our main research question was: Have 2.5 billion euro of FDI contributed to the economic development of the city of Novi Sad? We started our research with a thesis that there is no necessary causality between foreign direct investment and local economic development. This is contrary to the theory of the spillover effects. We believe that foreign direct investment would not, only by its very presence, cause spillover effects on the local economy. Using correlation analysis we managed to prove that FDI didn’t have any impact on the economic development of the city of Novi Sad. The values of coefficient of correlation between FDI inflow and indicators of economic development of the city of Novi Sad, unambiguously showed that there is no linear relationship between these two. As indicators of local economic development we used: demographic data, data on employment and wages, as well as data relating to the budget revenues of local government. The research was limited on the period since 2001, when the country began to liberalize its investment and trade policy, by the end of 2013. We concluded that in spite of existence of certain less significant impact on some of the indicators, there is no expressed link between FDI and economic development of the city of Novi Sad. Thus, the impact of FDI on economic development of the city of Novi Sad, in the period 2001-2013, is such that it can only be subsumed under the level of statistical error. After reviewing the analysis, there was a basic question: Why FDI worth up to 2.5 billion euro in the city of Novi Sad did not contribute to the local economic development? The answer to this question could be found in the structure of FDI, as well as the theory of spillover effects. This theory, presented in the paper, is separating two primary channels of technology transfer from FDI on the domestic economy. The first relates to the overflow in the supply chain, and the other in relation to domestic enterprises competitors. Sectors that the most FDI ended in Novi Sad are: real estate, retail, energy and insurance. In other words, those are the sectors where it was very hard to come to the transfer of technology and knowledge. More specifically, the manufacturing sector has been neglected, and the list of the biggest investors comes to four companies: BIG SEE that invested in shopping center, Mercator which invested in retail stores that sells consumer goods, Gazprom which has privatized national petrol company, and UnipolSai which privatized DDOR Novi Sad (insurance company). Only these four companies accounted for almost 2.2 billion euro in foreign investment.

Утицај трансграничних региона нa развој Србије

Author(s): Milena Panić,Jasmina Đorđević / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 2/2004

Opening of the East European borders, at the end of the 20th century, a lot of possibilities for international and transborder collaboration were appeared. There were different initiatives to create planned concepts for adjusting the development of eastern and western countries, and oportunity activating potentials. This paper, deals with the new planning concept of the transborder regions according to the predominant politics and trends in "Europe without borders". In Serbia, transborder regions were created with Hungary, Roumania, Bulgaria, Macedonia, Bosnia and Hercegovina and Croatia.

Утицај финансијског криминалитета на политички амбијент

Author(s): Goran B. Milošević,Dragan Cvetković / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 3/2012

Financial crime is a range of criminal activities, with major consequences on the economic, political, and social security plan. This type of crime not only undermines the economic and monetary system, but it undermines political stability and security of the country, and makes an impact on social relations at the national and international level. This leads to the spread of economic inequality, reducing the chances of entering the country in foreign direct investment, reduces the rate of economic growth and hinders the creation of a democratic society, rule of law and market economy, there is less trust in the state and its institutions and in general there a crisis of values of the normative system. The aim of this paper is to present the main features of this type of crime and the effects that occur due to the whole society, with special emphasis on the political environment.

Участието в проекти – качествен инструмент за мотивация на ученици и учители

Author(s): Ivaylo Staribratov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2017

The article shares the school experience in developing and participating in various projects over the last ten years. The approach to accomplishing these projects is an essential part of the motivation for better inclusion in the learning process both by students and teachers. Professional competencies are enhanced substantially among students who have completed internship outside of Bulgaria. The acquaintance of the teachers with the organization and curricula of the other European countries increases the quality of the regular educational process in our school.

Училище на радостта – иновация за мотивиране на учениците билингви

Author(s): Tanya Yanachkova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2019

Through our entire activity dedicated to the future growth of our children and students, principals, teachers and parents, have the unique opportunity to work with teenage bilingual students by inspiring them to believe in themselves and urging them to achieve something significant. As all firmly believe that placed in a suitable educational environment, every child can be successful. This personal growth is possible only in this school, which is based on innovation and creativity and where the teachers teach, applying those innovations in education that turn the school of their dreams into a school of joy.

Училището на границата между две култури

Author(s): Valentina Todorova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2020

This academic article aims to present some of the educational practices which a school, founded in 2000, implements. The very first year of the new millennium calls for greater responsibility in creating a modern school with an up-to-date infrastructure as well as for a learning model ahead of its time. Teachers are well aware that they are working on the boundary between two cultures – paper versus digital, and thus organize their teaching methods in accordance with the profile of today's student

Училището среща икономиката

Author(s): Carmen Struck / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 5/2017

The text presents the realization of a project for enhancing pupils’ competences for optimal organization of their school life and preparation for their personal and professional future as well as for raising the level of education. Described are the stages of implementation, the way of interaction between the school and the business. The results achieved during the implementation of the initiative are outlined.

Учителите за продължаващата професионална квалификация на педагогическите кадри в България

Author(s): Iliana Petkova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2018

Adolescents can receive good training only from well-trained teachers. That is why the quality of their continuing qualification is one of the key issues not only in Bulgaria but also in Europe. The paper will present results of a national survey research related to the continuing training of pedagogical staff in Bulgaria, conducted in 2015 by a team of professors from the Faculty of Education of the oldest university in Bulgaria – “St. Kliment Ohridski” University of Sofia. The results represent the teachers‘ opinions about the current state of the system, but also their vision of it. The outlined weaknesses can show the ways for its improvement, and the positive sides to being the basis for upgrading and development.

Фактори за икономическо неравенство :

Уроците от Латинска Америка

Author(s): Elena Spasova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The region of Latin America is considered as one of the regions in the world with the highest degree of economic inequality. In the following report, the data on economic inequality in the region since the 90s of the 20th century is presented and analyzed. The aim of the data analysis is the identification of the interdependences between the degree of inequality, current macroeconomic policies and international economic processes in the last decades. Consequently, conclusions are drawn on the factors of economic inequality and the opportunities for contemporary governments to correct this problem characterizing a lot of national economies.

Факторы и перспективы модернизационного развития российских регионов

Author(s): Marija Gennadievna Chernova / Language(s): Russian Issue: 03/2016

The content and efficiency of implementation of modernization processes in the economic system are, on the one hand, determined by the potential of the system and on the other hand by the consumers’ demand for manufactured modernization products (services). The article identifies and analyzes the main macroeconomic indicators that determine the prospects for modernization reforms in the economy of the Russian regions. Taking into consideration the fact, that for most Russian regions the greatest potential of modernization in the implementation of the projects of import substitution lies in the sphere of agricultural production, the consumer preferences of the population regarding domestic and foreign food products are assessed. Conclusion on priority measures for improving the competitiveness of domestic production in the framework of implementation of non-raw materials model of development of the domestic economy is made.

Факторы конкурентоспособности малых стран и особенности их формирования в республике Беларусь

Author(s): Alla Pranevich / Language(s): Russian Issue: 26/2015

Increasing competitiveness of national economy has become even more relevant due to the worsening problems of the world economy as a whole. This task takes the first place among the issues of national importance, because it’s closely connected to the achievement of rapid economic development and rising living standards of population. The goal of the article: To identify the problems and prospects of improvement of competitiveness of national economy of the Republic of Belarus, based on determination of competitiveness factors of a small open economy. Subject of research - competitiveness factors of small open economies. Methods: analysis and synthesis, comparative analysis, historical analysis, a systematic approach. Results of the article: micro and macroeconomic competitiveness factors of the Republic of Belarus were analyzed on the basis of systematization of theoretical approaches to the analysis of the competitiveness of a small open economy; problems of maintenance of competitiveness in the global economic crisis were identified; perspective ways to improve the competitiveness of the national economy, and possible ways of cooperation between the Republic of Belarus and its major trading partners were defined. Sphere of application: development of strategic directions of cooperation of the CIS and foreign countries and the Republic of Belarus in order to minimize the effects of the global economic crisis and maintain the competitiveness of the national economy. Conclusions: 1. In terms of globalization, a new approach to the definition of competitiveness and competitive advantages of the countries based on a comprehensive understanding of international competitiveness is formed. 2. The main external factors which influence competitiveness are: globalization of the world economic relations, increasing of economic openness growing importance of specific international groupings of countries, growing competition for FDI, knowledge, best practices and human capital. 3. Analysis of the factors of competitiveness of the Republic of Belarus revealed positive (favorable geographical position, cheap energy and a high level of human capital) and negative (small FDI inflows, use of only one vector in foreign trade, the predominance of intermediate and reducing the share of investment imports, large share of state property, low government spending on research and development, underdevelopment of the stock market, the low degree of competition) sides of the national economy 4. Solving problems of forming factors of national competitiveness in the context of globalization lies in: internationalization of Belarusian enterprises; formation of clusters; development of the institute of public-private partnership (PPP); intensification of exports and increase of share of high-tech products; attracting the leading multinationals in the sphere of passenger car industry, pharmaceutical industry, etc.

ФАКТОРЫ РАЗВИТИЯ ПОМЕЩИЧЬЕГО ХОЗЯЙСТВА ЛАИШЕВСКОГО УЕЗДА КАЗАНСКОЙ ГУБЕРНИИ В ПОРЕФОРМЕННЫЙ ПЕРИОД

Author(s): Yelena Valerevna Mironova / Language(s): Russian Issue: 3/2014

Using unpublished materials, we consider manor farms in the Laishevsky uyezd in the second half of the 19th and the early 20th century. By analyzing factors and patterns of development of manors of the nobility, we come to a conclusion that manors in this uyezd were in favorable geographical and socio-economic conditions. However, due to a number reasons such as loan debts, lack of agronomic knowledge among owners and stewards, landowners’ engagement in state service, the reduction of manor land ownership look place.

Фармакоикономически анализ на медикаментозния аборт в България

Author(s): Dimitar Marinov,Evgeni Grigorov,Valentina Belcheva,Slaveyko Djambazov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2019

The drug treatment for interrupting early pregnancy begins with the identification of prostaglandins. In the 1970s, many developed countries legalized abortion, which led to the development and active application of this healthcare technology worldwide. The cost-effectiveness method was used in the pharmacoeconomic analysis by comparing the costs of abortion of two of the most popular protocols and dosage regimens with the medicines available at the time of the study on the Bulgarian market and the costs of classic abortion. The eventual complications were also noted. With equivalent efficiency of the two procedures, the application of cost-minimum analysis (CMA) is an appropriate and logical choice. The analysis shows that the drug termination of pregnancy under the EMA protocol is (600 mg Mifepristone + 400 mcg Misoprostol) a slightly higher cost per patient compared to the surgical abortion if the procedure is performed during the first trimester of pregnancy (∆Costs = +10,61 BGN) and leads to cost savings for the patient during the second trimester of pregnancy (∆Costs = -90,96 BGN). Medication termination of pregnancy under WHO protocol results in a cost-saving per patient compared to surgical abortion, regardless of the period of pregnancy during which the procedure is performed (∆Cost = -50,43 BGN in the first trimester and ∆Cost = -156,60 BGN in the second trimester). Drug termination is non-invasive, highly effective, and safe, resembling the natural mechanism of spontaneous abortion. In most cases, medical abortion is cost-saving and can be considered as a reasonable alternative to surgical abortion.

Феминизация на учителската професия в България

Author(s): Petrana Stoykova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 6/2018

Alongside with the massovisation of the Bulgarian education there is also a process of feminization of the teaching profession. According to Eurostat data from 2017, the demographic profile of the contemporary Bulgarian teacher is as follows: with bachelor or master degree (93% of the teaching staff); female (84% of all teachers in the country); over 50 years old (48% of the Bulgarian teachers). This article investigates different reasons for the feminisation of the teaching profession in Bulgaria and the consequences of turning this profession into a predominantly female one. The analysis is based on the results of 30 in-depth interviews with former and current Bulgarian teachers conducted by the author in March 2018.

Фестивалът на дивите цветя – нови посоки за развитие на селото

Author(s): Yana Yancheva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2018

In this article I present the potential of the Wild Flower Festival in the area of the villages of the upper bank of the Arda River as a new type of ‘production’ and an alternative non-agricultural way for development in the rural context. The article follows the history and mission of the festival in its development, the specialized events and the interactions between the main social actors – external NGO specialists and local stakeholders. It reflects the impact of the festival on the local communities through the mobilization of knowledge and experience, the appreciation of local cultural specifics, targeted actions for preservation of the natural and cultural wealth of the Rhodope Mountains. The article explores how local natural and cultural resources are being used as a new type of production in rural areas.

Филозофија људског рада пред изазовима новог доба

Author(s): Darko Marinković / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 2/2009

Modern age, and that is industrial society, that had been founded on human freedoms and rights, multiparty parliamentarian democracy and market contestability, has brought about fundamental changes in the nature, character, content and way of human work, therefore presenting a whole line of challenges to the ethics and philosophy of human work. A new way of production has not only influenced the human work as a process of creation of material and spiritual achievements, but also has changed a whole way of life, human interrelations and the system of social and moral values. Human daily lives have gained not only a new content, but also a new structure. This has brought about a clear and visible division between working and non-working parts of day. From the area of a dominantly agricultural production with the nature being both the working and life environment, the human work has been moved to a closed space of industrial machinery therefore establishing a technical division of work and the work has become increasingly specialized or partitioned. It is especially important to underline that it has led to emergence of an extremely great dynamics of the changes in the field of human work as well. Therefore it is possible to declare that it is precisely the dynamics of the changes that has actualized the old issues and created a whole line of new issues in the philosophy and ethics of human work.

Финансова грамотност и финансово поведение на българските студенти

Author(s): Krasimir Marinov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2020

Participation of individuals in the economic and social life also depends on their ability to understand the basic financial concepts. Knowledge and skills in managing personal finances are becoming increasingly important under the influence of many trends, with the problem of young people's financial literacy being particularly relevant. The article presents the results of an empirical study of the financial literacy of Bulgarian students. The study's findings reveal the impact of several variables, such as gender, income, specialty, educational level, etc., on the level of financial literacy of students, as well as the impact of financial literacy on students' financial behavior, manifested through decisions on budget availability and control, on the availability of an emergency amount, on actions in case of income reduction, on retirement savings, etc.

Финансова децентрализация: състояние и перспективи

Author(s): Yavor Alexiev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1-2/2017

The deteriorating state of municipal budgets creates a number of obstacles to their use as a tool for policy-making. The discontinued fiscal decentralization process and some of the recent attempts to address the problem of increasing indebtedness among local authorities created prerequisites for an increase in the local tax burden, while prospects for improving the fiscal situation of municipalities are still lacking. The structure of municipal expenditures shows an increasing importance of the absorption of EU funds and a continuing dependence on the decisions of the central government. The relocation of personal income tax proceeds back to municipalities seems the only viable alternative within the existing tax system.

Финансовая поддержка государством научно-технической и инновационной деятельности в Российской Федерации

Author(s): Angelina Gudkova / Language(s): Russian Issue: 25/2015

Funding for research and development is an important determinant of the state scientific-technical potential and ultimately the impact of scientific and scientific-technical activities. The objectives of government policy to support research and innovation includes the development of national scientific complex in conditions of limited financial resources. In this regard, it is about improving the efficiency of use of Federal budget funds through the use of various forms of financing of scientific research and development.The article discusses the state of the system of financial support of the scientific complex. The application of different mechanisms of influence on the participants of economic relations relating to the commercial implementation of scientific knowledge and technology. The attention is focused on the opportunities closed-end mutual funds for building effective forms of legitimate tax planning.The study is conducted on the basis of the analysis of the applicable financing mechanisms; the need to integrate the efforts of government and business in solving scientific and engineering problems.

Фокус групата като метод при оценяване на приложението на Закона за защита от домашно насилие

Author(s): Georgi Dimitrov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2019

Focus groups are appropriate method for studying the practices of preventing domestic violence at a regional level. The method provides a reflexive space for identification of collective insights in the course of group interactions and preservation and registration of the implicit individual preferences of participants in the group discussion. Focus groups are organized in order to study the relationships of the target groups with the institutions in Razgrad district and the extent of their involvement in the process of prevention of domestic violence. Sharing of own experiences and ideas and the interactive comparison of the viewpoints of the participants that arise during group interactions in thematic focus groups, provide a more complete picture of the phenomena studied. The dynamics of symbolic interactions and the social exchange of information in the group process of the focus group reveals additional, subdivided views on the content and validity of the empirical data collected by this method. The focus groups do not apply the survey-specific pressures for a structured response to the moderator’s questions, which allows a higher level of authentic sharing and understanding of the experiences, attitudes, practices and relationships presented.