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“Either We Start from Scratch, or We Close It”. The Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Female Entrepreneurs in Transylvania, Romania

Author(s): Orsolya Gergely,Andrea Zerkula / Language(s): English Issue: 11/2021

Cross-national studies emphasized that female entrepreneurs have experienced a major decrease in income, and there was a decline in market demand as well. The pandemic crisis increased the workload of women, and mainly those who raise small children did not have much choice: they had to invest time and energy in the family. The success of the strategy that could be used during this period lays on the success of balancing the family–work conflict. The following research is based on an online questionnaire that collected responses and data between 2 April and 20 May 2020. Our questions focused on the situation caused by the pandemic, so that through this online survey we aimed to determine how women entrepreneurs in Transylvania coped with the difficulties caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. We wanted to get information regarding the financial reserves of the firms owned by female entrepreneurs, but also regarding the human resource reserves of these firms. We also aimed at learning if the pandemic period had an impact on the promoting and marketing practice of the firms and on their sale activities as well as whether there were any changes occurred due to the pandemic.

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“Going Global” and Regionalization in EU-China Relationship: Perspective from the Baltics

Author(s): Inna Šteinbuka,Una Aleksandra Bērziņa-Čerenkova,Andris Sprūds / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2019

This paper outlines the complex trends of the EU-China relationship. The EU and China have an extensive and growing economic engagement. China’s “going global” and the Belt and Road initiative may provide further opportunities for cooperation. However, considerable challenges, concerns and uncertainty exist. There is a divergence of values and diversity of interests. The wider frameworks and regional formats, such as 17+1 have mixed results. Moreover, tense relations between the US and China complicate even further complex and delicate balance of interests and expectations between the EU and China. This study identifies the existing trends and add the new contributing impetus to EU-China relations from the Baltic perspective.

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№284 Kryzys w Turkmenistanie. Test dla polityki Chin w regionie

Author(s): Jakub Jakóbowski,Mariusz Marszewski / Language(s): Polish

Kryzys walutowy w Turkmenistanie, wywołany załamaniem cen gazu, przerodził się w najpoważniejszy w historii państwa kryzys społeczny i polityczny. Rząd w Aszchabadzie przerzucił ciężar problemów gospodarczych na ludność, zawieszając wymienialność manata i likwidując w zeszłym roku rozbudowane przywileje socjalne. Drastyczne obniżenie poziomu życia turkmeńskiego społeczeństwa podkopało stabilność reżimu. Wyczerpywanie się rezerw walutowych Turkmenistanu stawia pod znakiem zapytania dalszy wzrost oparty na monumentalnych inwestycjach, będących głównym – obok zlikwidowanej polityki socjalnej – źródłem legitymizacji władzy. Obecna dynamika kryzysu zależna jest w pełni od Chin, które są niemal wyłącznym odbiorcą turkmeńskiego gazu (ponad 90% całości eksportu surowca), a jednocześnie głównym wierzycielem Aszchabadu. Konstrukcja chińsko-turkmeńskich kontraktów (m.in. związanie cen gazu z cenami ropy) prowadzi do drenażu turkmeńskich zasobów przy wyraźnie zmniejszonym napływie dewiz. Chiny mogą być postawione przed potrzebą stabilizacji gospodarczej Turkmenistanu, w przypadku braku działań ratunkowych, ryzykując rozpadem państwa. Większe zaangażowanie Chin mogłoby z kolei oznaczać rewizję chińsko-rosyjskiego modus vivendi w regionie. Moskwa może wykorzystać kryzys do odbudowy wpływów w Aszchabadzie, włączenia Turkmenistanu w obręb własnych projektów politycznej integracji regionu, w zamian oferując pomoc wojskową w ewentualnej stabilizacji reżimu, a także wznowienie współpracy gazowej.

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№286 Mundial w Rosji – igrzyska zamiast chleba?

Author(s): Iwona Wiśniewska,Jadwiga Rogoża / Language(s): Polish

For the purposes of the World Cup, the Russian leadership created an image of Russia as a country that is safe, modern and open to the world: they made sure that the organisation of sports events was efficient, security was guaranteed, visitors had various conveniences at their disposal and that the attitude of law enforcement officers towards them was friendly. Paradoxically, the implementation of many of these arrangements was facilitated by Russia’s authoritarian model of governance, including a comprehensive law enforcement system the Kremlin has at its disposal and the state’s control of the key groups involved. Moscow has used this image, especially by including the enthusiastic opinions voiced by foreign football fans, as one of its soft power tools to contradict the negative image of Russia present in the narrative supported by Western politicians and media, and to solidify Russia’s position in the international arena. Moreover, Russia has used the presence of leaders from Western states, who attended various World Cup matches, to bolster its narrative emphasising the absence of unity among Western states and the rightfulness of Russia’s foreign policy stance. However, there is no indication that Russia’s improved image could have a measurable impact on the betterment of its relations with the West, which is confirmed, for example, by the extension of US-imposed sanctions. Similarly, in domestic politics the World Cup merely brought a temporary wave of enthusiasm within society that quickly subsided, giving way to social discontent triggered by the government pushing through unpopular social reforms. The World Cup is now over and Russia is returning to its inveterate domestic problems and moving to another phase of its confrontation with the West.

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№287 Gazowa rewolucja? Perspektywy wzrostu wydobycia gazu na Ukrainie

Author(s): Wojciech Konończuk / Language(s): Polish

For a number of months now the Ukrainian gas production sector has been undergoing a major overhaul to improve the conditions in which it operates, with a view to significantly increasing production. The most important reforms include lowering tax rates and deregulation. These changes are a result of the government’s gas sector development plan for Ukraine, approved in 2016. Under this programme, the amount of gas extracted is to increase from the current 20 bcm to 27 bcm by as soon as 2020. Combined with greater energy efficiency, this would enable Ukraine to become self-sufficient in terms of its gas supply, and even to export gas in subsequent years. Because Ukraine has traditionally been dependent upon imports, and due to the political importance of gas-related issues, this course of events would be strategically important and have implications for energy relations in the entire region. || Government forecasts showing an increase in gas extraction in such a short time may not be very realistic, but it does seem likely that in the next few years production could reach a level rendering Ukraine independent of imports. Ukraine has large gas reserves of hitherto untapped potential (the third largest in Europe). Meanwhile, this development can only occur if reforms within the mining sector, a reduction in corruption, an influx of foreign investment, and political stability are all in place.

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№288 Wolne Państwo Bawaria i jego partia: CSU przed sprawdzianem wyborczym

Author(s): Kamil Frymark / Language(s): Polish

The Christian Social Union (CSU) has ruled Bavaria continuously for sixty years. The CSU’s domination of the province’s political scene, together with its influence on federal policies through its partnership with the CDU in the Bundestag, has made the party one of the most effective groups in Europe. In the medium term Bavaria will have to face challenges connected with the transformation and digitisation of industry, which could undermine the province’s current economic model. In addition, the CSU is being confronted on the political scene by Alternative für Deutschland (AfD), a grouping which has a similar profile to the CSU in several aspects. The elections on 14 October 2018 could permanently change the balance of power in Bavaria’s Landtag, lead to a serious weakening of the CSU’s dominance in Bavaria, and affect Germany’s federal politics. || The CSU owes its electoral success to a conservative profile combined with the province’s economic achievements, as well as the ability to adapt its programme to changing social trends. Voters see the party as both a guarantor of Bavaria’s economic success and the advocate of the interests of vulnerable social groups. However, the CSU is undergoing a transformation which may result in it losing its status as a mass party appealing to all social groups. These changes are structural in nature; they result primarily from the aging of its traditional electorate and the inflow into Bavaria of residents from other German provinces. This process is overlapping with a strong polarisation within German society (including Bavaria) regarding its approach to the migration crisis. The biggest beneficiary of these changes has been the AfD. A good result for this party in the elections to the Bavarian parliament could permanently change the balance of political forces there. The CSU would be unable to defend an absolute majority, and it would have to seek coalition partners in order to form further governments.

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№296 Are reforms unavoidable? Belarus’s economy facing a reduction of subsidies from Russia

Author(s): Kamil Kłysiński / Language(s): English

2018 brought a continuation of the economic growth in Belarus which started in 2017 and which followed a period of recession that had lasted several years. This does not equate to a genuine improvement in the condition of the Belarusian economy, which is still based on ineffective methods of planning and management dating back to Soviet times. Independent Belarusian economists and foreign experts agree that Belarus is currently stuck in a lowgrowth trap of around 2–3% annually, which prevents it from catching up with other countries of the region. In addition, Belarus’s economic situation is aggravated by the fact that, since mid-2018, Russia has been increasing the rate at which it is reducing its subsidies. These subsidies are among the main drivers of economic growth and form the precondition of the stability of the Belarusian economy as a whole. Moscow is making its continued support for Belarus conditional on Minsk’s readiness to engage in genuine integration under the Union State of Russia and Belarus, which has formally been in place since 1999. As a consequence, President Alyaksandr Lukashenka is now facing the challenge of either maintaining Belarus’s independence from Russia or losing at least a portion of Russian subsidies that currently account for 10% of Belarus’s GDP. An economic overhaul could be an alternative to the support Minsk receives from Moscow. However, the reforms implemented so far are limited and relate mainly to the IT sector as well as small and medium-sized companies. Fearing an excessive weakening of his system of power, in particular in the context of the upcoming presidential election, Lukashenka will continue to block more decisive actions, including the privatisation or closing of selected unprofitable state-controlled industrial plants. This means that Minsk will need to seek an agreement with Moscow despite the latter stepping up its demands. The price of this agreement will be Belarus’s increasing dependence of Russia.

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№296 Nieuchronność reform? Gospodarka Białorusi wobec redukcji rosyjskich subsydiów

Author(s): Kamil Kłysiński / Language(s): Polish

Rok 2018 przyniósł kontynuację wzrostu gospodarczego na Białorusi, zapoczątkowanego w roku poprzednim po kilku latach recesji. Nie oznacza to jednak realnej poprawy sytuacji białoruskiej gospodarki, wciąż opartej na nieefektywnych radzieckich metodach planowania i zarządzania. W zgodnej opinii niezależnych białoruskich oraz zagranicznych ekonomistów Białoruś znajduje się w pułapce niskiego wzrostu gospodarczego rzędu 2–3% rocznie, co nie pozwala na nadrobienie zapóźnienia wobec innych państw regionu. Dodatkowo sytuację ekonomiczną komplikuje przyspieszająca od połowy ub.r. redukcja rosyjskich subsydiów, będących nie tylko jednym z głównych czynników wzrostu, lecz także warunkiem stabilności białoruskiej gospodarki. Moskwa uzależnia kontynuowanie wsparcia od gotowości Mińska do realnej integracji w ramach istniejącego formalnie od 1999 roku Państwa Związkowego Białorusi i Rosji. Tym samym prezydent Alaksandr Łukaszenka stoi obecnie przed wyzwaniem utrzymania niezależności od Rosji albo utraty części lub całości rosyjskich subsydiów stanowiących 10% PKB Białorusi. Alternatywą dla wsparcia ze strony Moskwy mogłaby być kompleksowa transformacja gospodarcza. Jednak wprowadzone dotąd reformy mają ograniczony charakter i dotyczą głównie sektora IT oraz małych i średnich przedsiębiorstw. Obawiający się nadmiernego osłabienia systemu władzy, szczególnie w kontekście zbliżających się wyborów prezydenckich, Alaksandr Łukaszenka nadal będzie blokował bardziej zdecydowane działania, w tym prywatyzację lub likwidację niektórych nieefektywnych państwowych zakładów przemysłowych. Oznacza to zatem konieczność poszukiwania porozumienia ze stawiającą coraz większe wymagania Moskwą, którego ceną będzie dalsze pogłębienie zależności Białorusi od Rosji.

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№303 A stalemate in the US–China trade negotiations: the tariff war and technology sanctions

Author(s): Jakub Jakóbowski,Michał Bogusz / Language(s): English

The first fortnight of May 2019 saw a major escalation in the Chinese–American trade dispute, in which additional tariffs on around 40% of bilateral trade were imposed and the US introduced an embargo on the Chinese technology company, Huawei. This new phase in the economic conflict between China and the US ends the five month long period of relative de-escalation and intensive negotiations on a framework trade agreement, initiated during the meeting in December 2018 between Donald Trump and Xi Jinping at the G20 summit in Buenos Aires. Unlike during the previous breakdown in the negotiations in May 2018, which resulted in a freeze on contacts, both sides have announced their willingness to continue the dialogue on the trade deal. However, continued escalation of the dispute (for example, over Huawei) is leading to a gradual sharpening of both sides’ rhetoric and a toughening of their stances as regards the conditions for recommencing the talks. The present phase of the conflict has revealed deep discrepancies in issues of fundamental importance for the future of the negotiated deal, including the mechanisms for ensuring its enforcement, in addition to the circumstances and dates in which the current punitive tariffs could be lifted. The prolonged stalemate in the negotiations may cause the US to resume its tactic involving a gradual stepping up of its pressure on China, which in turn will translate into a downturn in the global economic situation and Washington’s increased political pressure on its allies as regards their cooperation with China.

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№303 Impas w negocjacjach handlowych USA–Chiny: wojna celna i sankcje technologiczne

Author(s): Jakub Jakóbowski,Michał Bogusz / Language(s): Polish

W pierwszej połowie maja 2019 roku doszło do znaczącej eskalacji chińsko-amerykańskiego sporu handlowego, m.in. wprowadzenia dodatkowych ceł na ok. 40% handlu dwustronnego, a także nałożenia przez USA embarga na chińską spółkę technologiczną Huawei. Nowa odsłona konfliktu gospodarczego Chin i USA przerywa okres pięciu miesięcy relatywnej deeskalacji oraz intensywnych negocjacji nad całościowym porozumieniem handlowym, zapoczątkowanych na spotkaniu Donalda Trumpa i Xi Jinpinga na szczycie G20 w Buenos Aires w grudniu ub.r. W odróżnieniu od poprzedniego załamania negocjacji z maja 2018 roku, skutkującego zamrożeniem kontaktów, obie strony zakomunikowały wolę kontynuowania rozmów o porozumieniu handlowym. Dalsza eskalacja sporu (m.in. w kwestii Huawei) prowadzi jednak do sukcesywnego zaostrzania retoryki obu stron, a także utwardzania stanowisk co do warunków wznowienia rozmów. Obecna odsłona konfliktu ujawniła głębokie rozbieżności z kwestiach fundamentalnych dla przyszłości negocjowanego porozumienia, m.in. mechanizmów gwarantujących jego wdrożenie, a także okoliczności i daty zniesienia obowiązujących obecnie karnych ceł. Przedłużający się impas w negocjacjach może doprowadzić do powrotu USA do taktyki sukcesywnego zwiększenia nacisku na Chiny, co przełoży się na osłabienie światowej koniunktury gospodarczej, a także zwiększoną presję polityczną Waszyngtonu na amerykańskich sojuszników w sprawie współpracy z Chinami.

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№309 German wind power sector in crisis. Energiewende under further threat

Author(s): Michał Kędzierski / Language(s): English

The slowdown in expansion of onshore wind farms poses a serious threat to the German Energiewende. In 2018, wind power accounted for half of the electricity obtained from RES, and is considered the driving force behind the Energiewende. In the first half of 2019, only 81 new turbines of a combined capacity of 271 MW were connected to the grid in Germany, compared to an average annual increase in installed capacity of approximately 4500 MW from 2015 to 2017. There are problems with the system of auctions for new capacities, with the sector complaining among other things of protracted construction permit procedures, court action being taken by environmental organisations and residents, objections being raised by the Bundeswehr and Aviation Safety Agency, and laws restricting the area that can be used for construction. The crisis is having severe repercussions for companies in the German wind power sector. Some have gone bankrupt, with the workforce decreasing by approximately one fifth. The crisis in the wind power sector began at a time when climate issues were coming under greater public scrutiny, rendering the crisis a political liability due to doubt about whether the German 2030 climate policy target could be achieved. The impasse in growth of wind power could also derail plans to decommission the last nuclear power stations over the coming decade, and especially implementation of the roadmap for the gradual departure from coal.

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№309 Kryzys branży wiatrowej w Niemczech. Kolejne zagrożenie dla Energiewende

Author(s): Michał Kędzierski / Language(s): Polish

Wyhamowanie rozbudowy farm wiatrowych na lądzie jest poważnym zagrożeniem dla powodzenia niemieckiej transformacji energetycznej. Energia wiatrowa odpowiadała w 2018 r. za połowę prądu pozyskiwanego z OZE i uchodzi za siłę napędową Energiewende. W pierwszym półroczu br. w Niemczech do sieci podłączono jedynie 81 nowych turbin o łącznej mocy 271 MW, podczas gdy średni roczny przyrost mocy zainstalowanej w latach 2015–2017 wynosił około 4500 MW. System przetargów na nowe moce funkcjonuje wadliwie: branża uskarża się m.in. na przeciągające się postępowania o wydawanie zezwoleń na budowę, pozwy sądowe organizacji środowiskowych i mieszkańców, obiekcje Bundeswehry oraz agencji bezpieczeństwa lotów, a także prawne ograniczanie powierzchni pod budowę. Kryzys dotkliwie odbił się na firmach niemieckiej branży wiatrowej, spośród których część ogłosiła bankructwo, a zatrudnienie zmniejszyło się o około jedną piątą. Kryzys branży wiatrowej rozpoczął się w okresie wzmożonego zainteresowania opinii publicznej kwestiami klimatycznymi i stał się w związku z tym dużym obciążeniem politycznym, ponieważ stawia pod znakiem zapytania realizację niemieckiego celu klimatycznego na 2030 r. Załamanie się rozwoju energii wiatrowej może także zagrozić zaplanowanemu na następną dekadę wyłączeniu ostatnich elektrowni jądrowych, a zwłaszcza dotrzymaniu harmonogramu stopniowego „wyjścia z węgla”.

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Форматът "16+1", "Един пояс, един път" и българското не/участие

Author(s): Iskra Mandova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2018

“One Belt, One Road” (OBOR), “Belt and Road” (B&R), “Belt and Road Initiative” (BRI), The Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st-century Maritime Silk Road are some of the names of the large-scale geopolitical project, which was launched by the Chinese government after the serious changes in the international situation. It aims to strengthen the cooperation between the countries involved, given the slow pace of recovery from the global economic crisis. President Xi Jinping managed to organize and coordinate the support of Russia and the entire Eurasian Economic Union (Kazakhstan, Belarus, Armenia and Kyrgyzstan), the members of ASEAN, of Turkey with its project “The Central Corridor”, of Mongolia with its road investment program and Central Asia Regional Economic Cooperation (CAREC), of Vietnam with “Two Corridors and One Economic Circle” plan, of Poland with “Amber Road” and even the UK with its strategy Northern Powerhouse. A broad diplomatic activity is going on to reconcile the principles and opportunities of the initiative with Laos, Cambodia, Hungary and also with over 40 other countries and international organizations. A lot of European countries also have already stated their willingness and intent to implement investment projects without EU involvement. What is Bulgaria doing in the modern geopolitical situation and did Bulgaria miss the Chinese train?

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Форми и политически инструменти за стратегическо направляване на образователни институции и спортни организации

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Форми и политически инструменти за стратегическо направляване на образователни институции и спортни организации

Author(s): Ivan Sandanski / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 6/2017

The article sets out to unpack the modes of governance and related policy instruments for steering educational establishments and sport organisations employed by the Sofia municipality Department of Prevention, Integration, Sport and Tourism (DPIST). These instigate a process of institutionalization the actions and behaviours of local schools, kindergartens, sport clubs, youth organisations, and various social groups participating in DPIST funded or supported projects and sport initiatives. Four primary modes of strategic steering are identified including coercion, voluntarism, targeting and framework regulation. The process of steering collective actions, policies and resources is premised on creating a system of institutionalized rules. In fact, such a process takes hybrid forms. The key mechanism for achieving both the strategic and sport policy intentions of Sofia municipality has been the machinery of project management. It is also demonstrated that the pursuit of the new promoted vision envisaging Sofia as a vibrant city of juvenile, active and innovative people where sport, in combination with education, volunteering and entrepreneurship, is seen as the key means and agent of social change, however, requires a proactive forward thinking and strategic approach. It is directed towards pursuing some future, but still unknown desired state in terms of necessary social time, space and projection. Due to this uncertainty Sofia municipality reasonably has relied on a set of already tested in the social practice sources of reasoning and mechanisms of cognitive knowledge and social interventions.

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Формиране на комуникативно-речева компетентност по метода „Mонтесори“ при деца, отглеждани в условията на социален дом

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Формиране на комуникативно-речева компетентност по метода „Mонтесори“ при деца, отглеждани в условията на социален дом

Author(s): Diyana Georgieva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 7/2020

The obsessing of communicative-speaking competence assures the individual full participation in communication. As a major aspect in the mental and personal development of children, it has the status of a species concept with respect to the generic concept ’communicative competence’. The article is dedicated to research focused on one of the most current problems of special pedagogy – the formation of communicative-speaking competence in preschool age children raised in a social home setting, using alternative teaching methods. The comparative approach in the analysis of the empirical data from the two research corps allows them to be compared against pre-formulated criteria and indicators. The results show that the Montessori method provides more effective development of communicative-speaking skills and habits in the children raised in a social home setting compared to the traditional methods of education and communication.

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Формиране на модел за иновативни стратегии на университетите в България

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Формиране на модел за иновативни стратегии на университетите в България

Author(s): Radostina Yuleva-Chuchulayna, / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 5/2022

In a context of change and uncertainty for universities, it is important to identify, invest and support their vision for innovation in teaching, learning and assessment – in such a way as to adapt to the unknown. Innovation is part of the culture and is integrated into the strategy, operational plans and vision. The analysis of the genesis of innovative approaches to the development of universities shows that it is an example of increasing the sustainability of the educational system in the evolutionary period of development. The main purpose of this article is to clarify the types of innovations and innovation strategies of universities in Bulgaria. The main result of this article is the creation of a model for the formation of innovation strategies of the university. The main research methods used in the development are the method of analysis and synthesis, questionnaire research, intuitive and systematic approach.

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Формиране на новобългарския книжовен език през Възраждането

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Формиране на новобългарския книжовен език през Възраждането

Author(s): Tatyana Aleksandrova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2018

The article discusses the relationship between some peculiarities of the New Bulgarian literary language and the process of formation of the Bulgarian nation during the Renaissance. Characteristics such as piety to native language, movement to build a common and comprehensible for all literary language with modern norms, use of variant forms; a lack of a narrowly dialectic basis mark the pattern of forming of national literary language corresponds to such historical features as the lack of political autonomy, as well as the principles of egalitarianism and democratization, and a network model of social organization and functioning of public and cultural institutions.

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Формиране на речева култура в начална училищна възраст (анализ на анкета с учители)

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Формиране на речева култура в начална училищна възраст (анализ на анкета с учители)

Author(s): Boryana Borisova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 9/2016

Through analysis of questionnaire with respondents – primary school teachers, there are manifested deficits into the speech behavior of children of primary school age and methodological conclusions are drawn.

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Формиране у студентите по „Социална педагогика“ на компетенции за изграждане на мрежи за социалнопедагогическа подкрепа

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Формиране у студентите по „Социална педагогика“ на компетенции за изграждане на мрежи за социалнопедагогическа подкрепа

Author(s): Tsveta Delcheva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 6/2018

One of the functions of the social worker is to aid the interaction between the client and the client’s social environment. Efficient social work is carried out in collaboration with different social, healthcare, and educational institutions, civic organizations, and communities, local authorities, i.e. in partnerships. Normative and administrative deeds introduce the requirements for the formation of inter-institutional teams, mostly aimed at solving problems in the social sphere. The material presents the results from the implementation of a practical exercise for a research on the different types of social support networks, done under the Basics and methods of social work subject, by Social pedagogy students from the Trakia University of Stara Zagora. It analyzes the skills of future social pedagogues in identifying and developing a supportive environment, based on the institutional resources of the region and the priority fields of social work for the client.

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ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ КОНЦЕПТУАЛЬНОЙ МОДЕЛИ ОРГАНИЗАЦИОННОЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОГО МЕХАНИЗМА УПРАВЛЕНИЯ

Author(s): Andrey Surdo,Marina Korsak / Language(s): Russian Issue: 37/2018

Objective: to develop a structural presentation of the content of the organizational and economic management mechanism. Research methods: abstract-logical, analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, comparison, justification, generalization, evaluation, systemic and complex approaches. The results: typological analysis of definitions «mechanism», «economic mechanism», «organizational mechanism», «economic mechanism», «organizational and economic mechanism» was done. This allowed substantiating the content of the organizational and economic management mechanism, which is determined by: the set of interacting subjects of management and their goals; objects of target impact, realizing management functions; a variety of methods, tools and levers of management. The main principles of formation and improvement of the conceptual model of the organizational and economic management mechanism are defined: purposefulness - the mechanism's correspondence to the goals of functioning and development; systematic - ordering and structured interaction of all elements of the functioning mechanism; the maximum possible realization of the potential; adaptability - rapid response to various changes in the external environment; complexity of coverage of tasks to be solved; coherence of interests of subjects of the organizational and economic mechanism of functioning; Innovation - the orientation of the organizational and economic mechanism of functioning for innovative development. It is established that the general structure of the management mechanism should be disclosed in accordance with the specific features of the specific field of activity, the specific characteristics of the managed system and depends on the material, technical, personnel, financial, information, regulatory, scientific and methodological conditions for the operation of the control facility. As a result of the study, a conceptual model of the organizational and economic management mechanism was developed. Scope of application of the results: the developed structural representation of the content of the organizational and economic management mechanism is a universal scheme and can be applied as a basic model of the organizational and economic mechanism of functioning of the entire national economy, individual regions, and also any industry or enterprise. Conclusions: The organizational and economic management mechanism is a multifaceted, multidimensional system that contains a set of interacting subjects, methods, instruments and processes of influence. The effectiveness of the organizational and economic management mechanism is assessed by performance indicators that allow identifying the problem areas of the current mechanism, the effectiveness of the methods, tools and levers that govern the operation of the management object.

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