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AN INVESTIGATION OF THE ROLE OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP AGENCIES FOR ENTREPRENEURSHIP DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA

Author(s): Solomon Akpoviroro Kowo,Olalekan Owotutu Sabitu,Kadiri Bola / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2019

The study was designed to explore the role of entrepreneurship agencies in enhancing entrepreneurship development in Nigeria. This paper investigates the challenges, problems facing the entrepreneurship agencies in Nigeria. The research paper utilized an explanatory qualitative approach based on the in-depth interviews with ten Nigerian Organizations based in Ogun State Nigeria. The research also brought to knowledge the several challenges with entrepreneurship agencies in Nigeria including poor planning and execution of the programmes, general indiscipline of the officials and beneficiaries, inadequate funding, lack of coordination of the programme. The study demonstrates the need for the Federal Government of Nigeria, Organizations and Entrepreneurs to see the importance and perceived benefits of entrepreneurship agencies for entrepreneurship development. It is recommended that developing countries particularly Nigeria should adopt a good strategic plan on gainfully engaging the youth because youths are regarded as the future of the nation and the act of indiscipline by the officials of these agencies and beneficiaries should be eradicated.

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An Overview of Doing Business in Western Balkan: The Analysis of Advantages of Doing Business in Kosovo and North Macedonia

Author(s): Gëzim Jusufi,Getoar Lubeniqi / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2019

Achieving sustainable market economies in the Western Balkan countries will depend on a number of barriers being overcome. For this reason, these countries lack competitiveness in the business environment. Many problems in the business environment are persistent but common problems across of the countries of this region are getting electricity and construction permits. These problems or barriers are set out in Doing Business Reports of World Bank. The paper reviews doing business in Western Balkan countries especially in Kosovo and North Macedonia. The main goal of this paper is to analyze of the advantages of doing business in Kosovo and North Macedonia, where does Kosovo stand in terms of doing business in relation to North Macedonia and what Kosovo needs to learn from North Macedonia in order to improve the business environment. To achieve the set goal, we have used the integrative review method. The results show that North Macedonia is a leader in the Western Balkans in doing business because the great campaign done by the Macedonian institutions for attracting Foreign Direct Investments (FDI). So, Kosovo should be based on North Macedonian practices. A new investment campaign in Kosovo would certainly have a positive impact on business environment.

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An Overview of Selected Missions and Strategies of Higher Schools in Poland

Author(s): Małgorzata Cieciora / Language(s): English / Issue: 7.1/2016

The concepts of “strategy” or “strategic planning” have traditionally been associated with the military context or with the business environment. The question arises whether they can serve as effective instruments for development of higher education institutions as well. An attempt of an analysis of the mission statements and strategies of some of the well-established, high-ranked higher schools in Poland was made. The findings show that, although it is difficult to estimate to what extent Polish higher schools treat their mission statements and strategic plans as the sources of competitive advantage and not just marketing tools, the process of implementing strategic thinking in higher schools in Poland has already started.

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Analiza dokumentów strategicznych w kontekście wdrażania Krajowej polityki miejskiej

Author(s): Agnieszka Ulfik / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 5.2/2015

In August 2014, Poland planed to adopt the National Municipal Policy in the perspective of 2020. The need for this document stems from the fact that urban areas most contribute to the socio – economic development of the country. In addition, in recent years a number of strategic documents changed or updated, among others: National Strategy of Regional Development 2010–2020: regions, cities, rural areas, National Spatial Planning Concept 2030. These key documents relating to the development of formed the basis of the state's policy towards territorial development. Also, horizontal strategy documents, take into account the territorial dimension as an essential element of all policies and public action character development. In the assumptions of the National Urban Policy is information that is programmed at the national level and implemented through the creation of optimal conditions for urban development and investment activities by public and private entities. Accordingly, the National Urban Policy will act on all three levels of local government: the province, districts and municipalities, both urban and urban – rural and rural to urban areas. This involves the need to apply a number of policy changes and development. Changed will also have to be development strategies of the different levels of local government. It is therefore advisable to analyze existing strategies and identify necessary changes directions.

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Analiza efektywności działań polskich przedsiębiorstw w kreowaniu rozwoju gospodarki w okresie 2010–2014

Author(s): Katarzyna Wach-Grzybowska / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 11.1/2016

Searching for the answer to the question is a purpose of the article, namely what effectiveness of Polish enterprises is in the context of the economic development. In the study a hypothesis on the inefficiency of action of Polish business entities was constructed relating to European businesses. The data presented in the following analysis indicate a lack of an adequate level of innovation and competitiveness resulting from it. This is the main cause of differences in the development of Polish enterprises against Europe and the world. 

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Analiza innowacyjności przedsiębiorstw zlokalizowanych w województwie zachodniopomorskim na tle pozostałych województw w Polsce w latach 2010–2014

Author(s): Małgorzata Smolska / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 9.2/2016

Nowadays the innovation activities of enterprises play a significant role in their functioning. Innovation shapes the competitiveness of enterprises, more and more opting for their survival. The purpose of this article is to present the state of innovation in enterprises of West Pomeranian Voivodeship.

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Analiza konkurencyjności modelu biznesowego przedsiębiorstwa logistycznego

Author(s): Sandra Grabowska / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 12.1/2016

Dynamically changing business environment, the rapid development of new technologies, rising intensity of competition, advanced globalization pose entrepreneurs against new, much more difficult than the previous rulet. Considering the energetic development of logistics industry, the article attempts to identify the elements affecting competitiveness of business model. The article analyzed the possibility of building a competitive advantage by creating the right architecture business model for logistics company.

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Analiza szans, możliwości i wyzwań związanych z wykorzystaniem Internetu Rzeczy przez współczesne organizacje gospodarcze

Author(s): Janusz Wielki / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 11.1/2016

The paper is devoted to the next phase of the Internet’s development i.e. Internet of Things. This concept provides organizations with numerous new possibilities in the context of their functioning and the process of value creation. Simultaneously, it heightens existing challenges, expanding their scope and scale. These aspects have been analyzed in the paper. It also focuses on implications for organizations arising from the development of the Internet of Things in the context of its utilization by them and their role in the emerging IoT ecosystem.

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Analiza założeń i identyfikacja parametrów modeli symulacyjnych prac wiertniczych w poszukiwaniu gazu ziemnego

Author(s): Alicja Byrska-Rąpała,Jerzy Feliks,Marek Karkula,Rafał Wiśniowski / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 12.2/2016

The article analyzes the cost of the investment phase of the project, associated with exploration and exploitation of shale gas - development of the field. Gas exploration may be implemented in various variants. Comparison was made between two variants of the drilling proceeds. Costs of drilling each of the variants were estimated on the basis of cost of reference drilling model. Simulation model was built for for estimating the cost and time of drilling in different variants of drilling process.

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Analysis and critical investigation of the financial statements of food sector companies in Thessaly Region (Greece) that were included in the investment development programs the period 2013-2016

Author(s): Rigas Ioannis,Theodossiou George,Rigas Nikolaos,Karelakis Christos,Pantos Nikolaos,Goulas Apostolos / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2019

The aim of this research study is to assess the progress of the food sector companies that received financial aid for investment through the Developmental Laws in the last years (2013-16) of the economic recession in Thessaly Region (Greece), by choosing a random and representative sample of companies. In order to achieve this goal, financial data was collected which would be able to provide us with information in order to study the evolution of the food industry in Thessaly Region (Greece). The statistical analysis of the data was done with the statistical analysis package IBM SPSS Statistics 23. The descriptive statistics on the distributions and frequency diagrams (Histograms) and normal frequencies curves for the percentages of changes were also calculated. To test the significance of the differences between the mean values of the financial statements items, the method of One-Way Analysis Of Variance (One-Way ANOVA) was used. The same method was used to test the mean values of both the changes in amounts and in their percentages. In short, we can say that the percentage changes in Total Assets and Equity the time period 2013-16 are small and concentrated around zero. The same period, we have a significant increase in L/M Debt and Sales, except for a few extreme cases, while the percentage changes in Gross Profit and Profit before Tax are limited. The year 2016 there were significant changes in Taxes and Net Profit from AM2005-16. The collection, processing, and analysis of the financial data of the undertakings were limited to the undertakings which have the obligation to publish their financial data. In recent years, very few studies have been carried out on the effectiveness of investment by private companies subsidized by Greek or European Investment Programs.

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ANALYSIS OF MICRO LEVEL DISPARITIES IN URBAN FACILITY-UTILITY SERVICES: A STUDY ON BARASAT CITY, WEST BENGAL, INDIA

Author(s): Suman Paul / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2012

The regional disparity is a challenging issue to the urban planners, policy makers, academicians, bureaucrats and technocrats in the developing countries. In India, wide range of socio-economic disparities are commonly evident even in Class-I cities. Such an undesirable phenomena reflects on the spatial variation of quality of life, level of living as well as well-being and welfare of the inhabitants. Moreover, it is against the constitutional law of equity and social justice. The present study is based on the empirical observation focused on ward-wise variation of availability of and accessibility to socioeconomic and utility services in Barasat city of West Bengal. On the basis of ‘Cronbach’s Alpha’ and ‘Principal Component Analysis’, entire set of data have been arranged into six factors of which first three factors have been considered to examine the dimension of socio-economic disparities and level of development in the city.

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Are reforms unavoidable? Belarus’s economy facing a reduction of subsidies from Russia

Author(s): Kamil Kłysiński / Language(s): English / Publication Year: 2019

2018 brought a continuation of the economic growth in Belarus which started in 2017 and which followed a period of recession that had lasted several years. This does not equate to a genuine improvement in the condition of the Belarusian economy, which is still based on ineffective methods of planning and management dating back to Soviet times. Independent Belarusian economists and foreign experts agree that Belarus is currently stuck in a lowgrowth trap of around 2–3% annually, which prevents it from catching up with other countries of the region. In addition, Belarus’s economic situation is aggravated by the fact that, since mid-2018, Russia has been increasing the rate at which it is reducing its subsidies. These subsidies are among the main drivers of economic growth and form the precondition of the stability of the Belarusian economy as a whole. Moscow is making its continued support for Belarus conditional on Minsk’s readiness to engage in genuine integration under the Union State of Russia and Belarus, which has formally been in place since 1999. As a consequence, President Alyaksandr Lukashenka is now facing the challenge of either maintaining Belarus’s independence from Russia or losing at least a portion of Russian subsidies that currently account for 10% of Belarus’s GDP. An economic overhaul could be an alternative to the support Minsk receives from Moscow. However, the reforms implemented so far are limited and relate mainly to the IT sector as well as small and medium-sized companies. Fearing an excessive weakening of his system of power, in particular in the context of the upcoming presidential election, Lukashenka will continue to block more decisive actions, including the privatisation or closing of selected unprofitable state-controlled industrial plants. This means that Minsk will need to seek an agreement with Moscow despite the latter stepping up its demands. The price of this agreement will be Belarus’s increasing dependence of Russia.

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Are Savings the Determinant of Economic Growth in the D8 Countries?

Author(s): Serap Bariş / Language(s): English / Issue: 02/2020

Domestic savings play a fundamental role in the economic development of a country as they are the main financing source of domestic investments. Shortage of savings arising out of low level of income especially in underdeveloped countries lead to a few number of investments and inadequate level of employment, production, national revenue and savings. This vicious cycle causes the problem of savings gap for the countries which try to develop economically. Countries having an inadequate level of savings appeal to foreign savings in short term and try to develop policies in order to increase their savings in the long term. This study has been carried out in order to analyze the impact of savings on the economic growth of developing countries. Using the methods of panel data analysis, this study has concluded that domestic savings have a significant and positive impact on economic growth in D-8 sample. This finding indicates that D8 countries should focus on policies that increase their savings rates for high and sustainable growth.

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Armenia in the Eurasian Economic Union: Challenges for the EU

Author(s): Konrad Zasztowt / Language(s): English / Publication Year: 2015

Accession to the Eurasian Economic Union (EEU) in January 2015 is disadvantageous for Armenia. Abandoning the association agreement with the EU, as a result of pressure from Russia, has ended chances for reform stimulated by the country’s deepening political and economic integration with the EU. The EU should try to bring Armenia back to the association agreement, taking into account the constraints arising from its membership in the EEU. Any new version of the document must oblige the government in Yerevan to continue reforms to approach EU institutional and legal standards.

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Armenia w Euroazjatyckiej Unii Gospodarczej – wyzwania dla UE

Author(s): Konrad Zasztowt / Language(s): Polish / Publication Year: 2015

Wejście do Eurazjatyckiej Unii Gospodarczej (EUG) w styczniu br. jest niekorzystne dla Armenii. Rezygnacja z umowy stowarzyszeniowej z UE, wymuszona polityką Rosji, oddaliła szanse na reformy, stymulowane przez pogłębienie politycznej i gospodarczej integracji z Unią. UE powinna powrócić do idei stowarzyszenia z Armenią, uwzględniając ograniczenia wynikające z jej członkostwa w EUG. Nowa wersja umowy musi jednak obligować rząd w Erywaniu do kontynuacji reform.

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Assessment of the Impact of Agriculture and Industry on Air Pollution in the World Countries

Author(s): Violeta Pukelienė,Viktorija Zevakinaitė / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2019

The theory of assessing the impact of different factors on air pollution, scientific research on air and environmental pollution are presented and analysed. According to the literature review, three research hypotheses are presented (agriculture, industry and economic growth have positive relationship with air pollution, but at the certain economic development level, relationship between economic growth and air pollution becomes negative), fixed-effect model is composed, 177 world countries in 1995–2014 are analysed. The assessment of results has shown that agriculture and industry have positive relationship with carbon dioxide emission. The data estimation has shown that economic development affect air pollution.

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Assessment of the Relationship between Health and Sustainable Development in the Countries of the European Union

Author(s): Magdaléna Drastichová / Language(s): English / Issue: 06/2020

The social dimension of sustainable development (SD) and those aspects of it related to human health are crucial for SD. By means of hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA) the European Union countries and other three developed countries were assessed using selected indicators reflecting aspects of health related to SD. Five indicators reflecting these aspects at the macroeconomic level were used. These were a pair of objective indicators, a pair of subjective indicators and one indicator reflecting resources for health care. They were applied in order to cluster the 31 countries for each year in the period 2011 – 2015 and also for the whole period. Four clusters were created for the years 2011 – 2014, three clusters for 2015, and five clusters for the overall period. Switzerland was evaluated as the best performing country in the sample, and Lithuania as the worst. Czechia exhibited a significant shift towards higher sustainability.

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ASSESSMENT OF THE ROLE OF THE BUDGET COMPONENT IN FINANCIAL SECURITY

Author(s): Iryna Zaichko / Language(s): English / Issue: 3-4/2019

The presentation of opinions and statements of financial security in the modern national and world economy is considered. It has been established that the term «financial security» has been used relatively recently and its development is conditioned by threats in the financial system of Ukraine. The analysis of the formulation of financial security from the point of view of ensuring equilibrium, resource-functional approach, stability of the financial system, protection of financial interests, a component of economic security in the context of regulatory and legal regulation has been carried out. A matrix of approaches to the definition of financial security components has been developed based on the scientists' statements regarding the determination of financial security components. Frequent crises and uncertainties that influence changes in society have been proven. The necessity of managing change as a tool for economic development and growth of the manufacturing and non-productive sectors with the branching and methodological adaptation to each branch that needs to be substantiated is substantiated. it is determined that, by their very nature and content, financial security is a complex multilevel dynamic process consisting of a number of subsystems, each of which has its own structure and logic for development.

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Assumptions and Prospects of Russia’s Policy Towards Georgia

Author(s): Jakub Benedyczak / Language(s): English / Publication Year: 2018

Russia's strategic goals regarding Georgia are to block its NATO and the EU membership and limit its role in the transit of non-Russian gas and oil to Turkey and later to European countries. These aims are fostered by the improvement of relations between Moscow and Tbilisi, chaos in Georgian domestic policy and the distant prospect of integration with the Euro-Atlantic alliance. Diversification of energy supply sources to the EU requires support for Georgia’s economic development and energy independence.

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Attempts at Reforming Egyptian Demographic Policy

Author(s): Sara Nowacka / Language(s): English / Publication Year: 2019

The population of Egypt, the EU’s second-most populous neighbour after Russia, will soon exceed 100 million. The fast pace of the population growth together with the country’s inefficient economy could spur new crises caused by rising unemployment and difficult access to drinking water and food resources, and by politics. The Egyptian government, in cooperation with the EU, U.S., and UN, launched programmes aimed at reducing the fertility rate. Limiting the pace of Egypt’s population growth should weaken factors inciting further destabilisation of the Middle East and North Africa.

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