Zdravstveni vidovi starenja pučanstva

Author(s): Zijad Duraković,Zdravko Ostojić / Language(s): Bosnian,Croatian Issue: 93-94/2017

Today in FBH a coefficient of aging reached 19.9, in Croatia 24.1, which means that our population is becoming old. Today we are facing with a depopulation crisis in Bosnia and Herzegovina. According to the population registry in FBH there is 14.2% persons aged 65 or older, in Croatia 17.7%. In FBH an average age in 1991 y. reached 30.6 years, in 2004 y. 36.4 years, with a negative natality rate -0.3‰ do -0.09‰, which indicates the depopulation processes, while in the town of Mostar there is a positive rate of +1.6 ‰. Meanwhile, Croatia has the lowest number of newborn babies since the first statistical process in Croatia was made, with the higher rate of deceased persons than before. In terms of physiology, numerous changes occur in the human organism with ageing, such as degeneration of molecular, cellular and organ systems, tissues becoming less functional which are than often replaced by even less functionnal tissue. In the population of FBH the causes of death in 97% are due to cardiovascular and malignant diseases. The main question is how to prolong a lifespan? It is necessary to make some educational procedures and changing of demographic parameters, to give advices about healthy lifestyle that includes physical exercise and changing of a dietary habits, to stop a hazardous lifestyle, how to discover and handle of main diseases such as diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension, to discover risk factors for atherosclerosis and its complications etc.

Zjawisko przemocy wobec osób starszych. Wyzwania – badania – działania, 2017/2018

Author(s): Katarzyna Jagielska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1 (9)/2017

At the turn of 2017/2018, the Polish edition of the book entitled Violence against the elderly: Challenges - Research - Action, edited by Katarzyna Jagielska, Joanna M. Łukasik and Norbert G. Pikuła, (2017/2018) published in Toronto in 2015. The book is the aftermath of the project realized in 2014: Unheard voices. Development of the Central European Anti-Violence Network for the Elderly / Unheard Voices: Developing the East Central European Network for the Prevention of Elder Abuse (project number: DNPBiE. 6120-90 / 14), funded by the European Association of Social Work Schools (EASSW).

Zmiany Poziomu Starości Demograficznej (LAU2) Polski W Latach 1995-2014 W Ujęciu Lokalnym

Author(s): Joanna Rakowska / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2016

The paper presents statistical and spatial analysis of changes in the ageing level in 2,478 LAU2s in Poland occurring between 1995 and 2014. The results show that the average share of the young decreased from 32.4 to 22.1% and the average share of the old increased from 12.5 to 14.1%, both of which resulted in a considerable increase of the average value of the ageing index, i.e. from 39 to 66 old people per 100 young. The share of the young decreased in all LAU2s in Poland, while the share of the old increased in 65% of LAU2s. However, the increase in the share of the old had a stronger impact onto the increase of the ageing index than the decrease of the share of the young. The process of ageing was most intensive in Opolskie and Śląskie Voivodships, in the south-eastern part of Poland and in the south-western part of Podlaskie Voivodship. Population ageing process in other parts of the country had a diversified intensity.

Znásilnění v seniorském věku

Author(s): Klára Cozlová / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

Zofia Szarota, Starzenie się i starość w wymiarze instytucjonalnego wsparcia [Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Pedagogicznego, Kraków 2010, 417 pp.]

Author(s): Artur Fabiś / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2010

Życie naznaczone sportem. Stałe i zmienne elementy sportowych biografii

Author(s): Agnieszka Zalewska-Meler / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The purpose of the present text was to capture common and untypical elements of sports biographies that were part of the time of interest and later involvement in competitive sport. On the basis of individual sports history, they tried to determine their regularity, recognize the problems associated with building an authentic and very often independent vision of themselves in the field of physical culture. The analysis of biographical texts (in accordance with the principles of hermeneutic interpretation) was accompanied by a graphical presentation of the process of events and experiences that have a decisive influence on the understanding of the philosophy accompanying the building and development of sports careers.

Активно старење активних старих – емпиријски приступ

Author(s): Jelena N. Stojilković Gnjatović,Marija Belij / Language(s): English Issue: 148/2014

This paper examines the role which different demographic groups (youth, persons of prime working age and older persons) have played in the overall change of the labour force (reproduction), changes in the educational attainment and changes in the distribution of occupations. This paper uses the pseudo-cohort analysis and cross-sectoral data collected from the Labour Force Survey. Main findings show that the educational attainment of new entrants into the labour force was higher than that of retiring workers over the time period of 2004–2014. The composition of occupational changes over the decade confirmed what had been observed for the educational attainment of the labour force. Young new entrants into strongly growing occupations (most of which were highly skilled) by far outnumbered the retirees over the past decade.

Активностите на Универзитетот Трето доба – Скопје

Author(s): Tome Dimiškovski / Language(s): Macedonian Issue: 7/2011

The initiative for establishing the Third Age University in the Republic of Macedonia arose from the conclusion of the public debate on the topic: Education for Life in the Third Age, which was held on December 17, 1998, in the city of Skopje, where Prof. Dr. Laksinsky conveyed the experience of the third country universities: Poland, France , Slovenia and other countries.

Брачно понашање старог становништва

Author(s): Marija Ivković,Jovana Todorić,Marija Mucić / Language(s): English Issue: 148/2014

The aim of this paper is to examine contemporary marital behavior of the population in Serbia older than 65 years. Models of marital behavior are a reflection of culture, tradition, local customs, economic status, cultural and historical heritage, and as such are subject to change. Extending the life expectancy of the population, and the change of socio-economic and cultural circumstances, had led to changing in marital behavior and marital structure of the old population. To track these changes and comprehend the current situation, we analyzed indicators such as the marriage and divorce rates for this age group, as well as current marital structure, comparing them with previous values. It is particularly noteworthy that for the first time (based on data from the 2011 census), we can analyze the frequency and characteristics of informal marriage unions (cohabitation), which provides important insights into the marital life of the elderly.

Гендерный аспект архетипического восприятия современного педагога

Author(s): Liudmila Vasilyevna Panshina,Irina Aleksandrovna Fedoseeva,Olga Olegovna Andronnikova,Yulia Mikhailovna Perevozkina / Language(s): Russian Issue: 3/2017

Introduction. The article considers a students’ perception of a modern teacher’s image. It focuses on the problem of a gender conflict caused by modern requirements for teachers and stereotypes about gender norms of behavior for men and women. The study is based on an ar-chetypal approach to understanding the modern image of a teacher. The authors reveal the possibility of an archetypal context which determines the perception of a teacher’s image in a teacher-student system and reinforces the basic characteristics of teachers in various types of images. The authors argue that, on the one hand, gender archetypal images provide potential strategies of behavior and presentation for teachers, and on the other hand, they create a re-striction in the choice of self-representations by using socially fixed gender stereotypes. Materials and Methods. 50 students of Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University were included in the study. The authors made a frequency analysis of survey results, and formed a se-mantic differential dichotomous scale. Results. The study has proved that an image of a teacher includes personal and profes-sional components. According to the students’ perception response, professional and personal qualities of a teacher are gender-sensitive: predominant role of feminine basics and contradic-tory gender characteristics. Therefore, the female respondents perceived a teacher’s image as the archetype of Mother. At the same time the male respondents perceived a teacher’s image as the archetype of Spirit (wise old man). Conclusions. The research reveals the archetypal teacher perception context, accumulating the basic characteristics of a teacher in unconscious images.

Даниела Колева (Съст.) Възрастта при социализма. Поколения в семейството и обществото. София: ЦАИ, 2019

Author(s): Ilia Iliev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2020

Демографске карактеристике старог становништва Београда

Author(s): Mirjana Devedžić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 2/2007

The process of demographic ageing is one of the most apparent features of the demographic development of Serbia. The increase of the percentage of aged population is also present in Belgrade, although Belgrade itself, being the center of immigration and the major urban agglomeration, has a specific population development. This paper analyzes the dynamics and demographic features of the citizens of Belgrade older than 60, in the period between 1981 and 2000. It discusses the changes in gender and age distribution of this population group, as well as the processes of ageing and feminization of the elders. It also indicates related differences between the municipalities of Belgrade, as well as between the City of Belgrade, the Settlement of Belgrade and the settlements of Belgrade outside the inner urban zone.

ДЕТЕРМИНАНТЫ ЭКОНОМИКИ ЗАБОТЫ О ПОЖИЛЫХ В СОВРЕМЕННОЙ РОССИИ

Author(s): Zhadra Kanatovna Shaikenova / Language(s): Russian Issue: 3/2019

The article is devoted to the analysis of socio-economic factors affecting the dynamics of time spent on care for the elderly people. The research is based on the selective monitoring data on daily time fund usage by the population, conducted by the Federal State Statistics Service of the Russian Federation in 2014. The analysis made it possible to identify the individual characteristics of the respondents, as well as the characteristics of the households in which he/she lives, determining the time that individuals spend on care for the elderly people. The analysis made it possible to confirm the hypothesis about the significance of such factors as the respondent’s gender, his/her age, health status, employment status, the presence of children and their age, the number of members in the household in which he/she lives.

ДИСКУРСИВНЫЕ ПРАКТИКИ КОНСТРУИРОВАНИЯ УСПЕШНОСТИ ЛЮДЕЙ ПЕНСИОННОГО ВОЗРАСТА В ГАЗЕТЕ “USA TODAY”

Author(s): Inna Aleksandrovna Beltsova / Language(s): Russian Issue: 6/2013

The article deals with the representation of older adults as subjects of success in the USA Today newspaper. It studies the discursive practices used in the construction of success taken in a gerontological perspective. The research is based on the fundamental principles of the constructivist paradigm. Critical discourse analysis is used as the main method. The units of analysis of journalistic texts are presented according to the methodology developed by E.V. Chepkina. As a result of the research two methods of constructing the image of success are revealed and described. At the macro-level the image of a successful person of retirement age is formed in the context of their fame and influence, while at the micro-level the spiritual aspect of their activity is important.

Економски ефекти старења становништва

Author(s): Danilo Šuković / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 3/2013

This paper analyzes the major demographic changes in our country and the world, which are primarily reflected in the permanent aging population. Aging population is a global trend, present in developed countries and around the world. In developed countries, the age structure is much less favorable than in developing countries, which can still be considered as “young” populations. It is expected that these trends will intensify in the first half of this century. The proportion of the working population in industrialized countries should be around 68% in 2050, and it was around 84% in 1950. This trend has the same pattern in developing countries, although the age ratio between young and old population is much more favorable. The proportion of the working population in these countries is expected to be around 82% compared to the total adult population, while it was around 92% in 1950. Economic aspects of the aging population are especially considered. Due to the deteriorating ratio of the number of those who work to those who receive pensions, there is practically the collapse of the pension system. The unfavorable demographic trends in Serbia will reduce the working potential of nearly 8% in this decade, which will have a negative impact on the functioning of the labor market and the employment potential for future growth. Potential and available human capital will decrease, while the aging population will increase the already enormous pressure on the social security system, especially on pensions and health care. In the paper the author point out not only the problems of the current pension system, but also the possibility of overcoming the economic problems caused by the aging population, mainly through necessary pension reform, as well as considering the possibilities for the abolition of the official retirement age, as well as U.S. authorities have done at the federal level, where more than a third of people over 65 years remained at work or transferred to other duties. Researches show that 50% of Americans expect to be active and work when they reach seventy years of age. In Japan, 78% of 55-59 year-olds say they plan to work after retirement. In this paper the author points out other economic aspects of aging population, such as far-reaching structural changes in the economy which are primarily reflected in the reduction of the labor force, that is, in changing capital/labor ratio as the basic factors of production. The shift of the labor supply due to declining fertility rates will increase the price of labor, which will encourage capital to be placed in a capital-intensive activity, that is, the activities with less living labor. As the number of elderly people is constantly increasing, this will cause a change in the structure of demand in the market for goods and services because their needs substantially differ from the needs of young people. Changes in the structure of demand for goods and services will necessarily cause a change in the structures of supply, which must be adapted to demand. All these structural changes caused by the aging population are very important for economic development. At the end of the paper the author points out that the economic effects of aging population are not only negative, but there are also significant positive impacts. There are estimates that the social gains from longer life expectancy in the period from 1970 to 2000 are equal to the overall economic growth in this period. Working potential of older people can be of great benefit to economic development due to the accumulated human capital which they possess if the society finds a suitable way to incorporate it into the economic mainstream.

Ислямът и комунизмът като локални явления: ролите на възрастните хора в едно родопско село

Author(s): Detelina Tocheva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2020

The article analyses the contemporary role of the elderly in a village community through the lens of the local notions and practices related to “Islam“ and“communism“. These two ideological commitments can be found only among the elderly people. The members of the younger generations show respect but also stay at significant distance from religious practice. They unanimously consider communism as an ideology that is fading away. In spite of this lack of engagement, over the past three decades, the tensions between the local expressions of Islam and communism, as well as their numerous entanglements, have played a key role in shaping social relationships, moral reasoning and community cohesion in the village. The article is based on ethnographic fieldwork conducted in a village located in the southern part of the central Rhodope Mountains.

КА ЗАДОВОЉЕЊУ ПОТРЕБА ПОПУЛАЦИЈЕ СТАРИХ ЛИЦА

Author(s): Mirjana M. Rašević,Boško Mijatović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 4/2004

The political response to the improvement of the socio-economic position of old people in Serbia imposes numerous directions of activities. The most important being: rendering economic security at old age, population education on health, psychological and social aspects of ageing and old age, creating conditions for old people to live in homes, transformation and promotion of the work of existing forms in institutional care of old people, above all old people's homes, development of nursing homes as a new form of institutional care of old people, health promotion, provision of adequate health protection to old people and deepening resources for relevant research information.

Континуирано образование и надминување на социјалната исклученост на старите лица

Author(s): Sunčica Dimitrijoska / Language(s): Macedonian Issue: 7/2011

This paper analyzes the continuing education of the elderly in relation to: the need, coverage, availability, quality secured, and obstacles in achieving what is defined by the laws in the education system. Education of the elderly should lead to significant progress on eradicating of poverty and overcoming the problems of the elderly in the systems of social protection, labor market / unemployment, health care which are leading to further social exclusion. Differences in education of the old population are source of status differences in later life. Exclusion of older people from continuing education is specifically expressed in those with incomplete primary, i.e. secondary education, and poorer people as well as people from rural areas. This opens space for the further exclusion of the elderly.

Криза средњих година – спољашње манифестације и унутрашње промене

Author(s): Milica Čolović,Momčilo Stojković / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 2/2017

The aims of the research include determining the difference in specific forms of midlife crisis manifestation (the Marmor Тheory) as well as the type of deep psychological changes occurring in individuals (the Levinson Тheory) during midlife crisis among the scores of subjects of different ages and gender. The following instruments were used: the Midlife Crisis Scale, the Sex-Role Inventory, the adapted Loyola generativity scale, the adapted scale of preferred aloneness, and a list of the subjects’ basic biodata. The sample included 600 respondents of which 200 were middle-aged, 200 were younger and older. The results demonstrated a difference in individual experiences and behaviors, characteristic of midlife crisis manifestation in individuals. To determine the difference in the degree of prominence of certain variables between the groups of subjects the following tests were used: the Mann-Whitney U-test and Kruskal Wallis test. The results show that the mechanism of denial with overcompensation is most pronounced between 25 and 30 years (χ2= 167,810, df = 10, p <0.001), decompensation (χ2= 44.524, df = 10, p <0.001) and the mechanism of denial with escape are most pronounced between 50 and 54 years (χ2= 160,904, df = 10, p <0.001), while creative and successful confrontation with crisis is most pronounced between 60 and 64 years (χ2= 196,810, df = 10, p <0.001). That means that the Marmor’s theory is adequate when analyzing external manifestations of midlife crisis, but that the Levinson’s theory needs to be revised when determining the boundaries of occurrence and the process of deep internal changes characteristic of this crisis. More precisely, this suggests that finding a new balance between masculinity and femininity (χ2=237.898, df=10, р<0.001), youth and old age (χ2=379.456, df=10, р<0.001), life gains and losses (χ2=40.136, df=10, р<0.001) and closeness and separation (χ2=27.919, df=10, р<0.001) is a long-term process and that most people, much later in life, become really aware of changes that took place in structure and internal dynamics.

Културна партиципација као вид активног старења – могућности и предлози иницијатива

Author(s): Sanja Božić,Milica Solarević,Tatjana Pivac,Ivana Blešić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 167/2018

Population policy on aging involves many forms of active aging, the most important of which are employment, social and cultural inclusion, volunteering and improvement of basic living conditions such as health care, adequate housing, and affordable transportation. Today, many European countries are facing the challenges of population aging, including Serbia, where the importance of active aging is still insufficiently recognized by society and key decision makers. The aim of this paper is to highlight the possibilities for promoting active aging through the inclusion of the elderly population in the cultural life of the city of Novi Sad, which faces the mentioned problem and lacks appropriate measures for the inclusion of the elderly population in the social and cultural life of the city. In addition, the aim of the study is to examine the attitudes of the cultural institutions regarding the possibility of adapting cultural contents to this target group, as well as for their inclusion in the realization of cultural contents. To achieve this, in-depth interviews were conducted with employees of the selected cultural institutions of the city. The obtained results will serve as the basis for the decision makers to define proposals of concrete actions to encourage active aging through the cultural contents of the city.