Меѓугенерациски врски: системи на поддршка на старите лица

Author(s): Žaklina Atanasovska / Language(s): Macedonian Issue: 11/2/2015

The aging of the population is a challenge for intergenerational support, privately within the family and public in the society. Concerns about intergenerational support are most often found in the younger generation: Will the younger ones continue to support the elderly? Within families, the question would be, do adults want and will be able to help their elderly parents? Intergenerational family ties are made up of both sides and should be equally interested in how aging the population can affect the two generations. Parents help their children for the most part and try to protect their children even when they need help. It is understood that the personal expectations and personal interest of the younger ones will influence how adults will behave toward their elderly parents. Subject of research in this paper are intergenerational links as support systems for the elderly and are studied through the six components of intergenerational support that allow for perceiving how intergenerational relationships affect intergenerational support. According to Bengtson and Schrader (1982); McChasney and Bengtson (1988), six dimensions of intergenerational support are defined: 1. support through friendship; 2. support through affection; 3. support through consent; 4. functional support; 5. normative support; 6. structural support. The conclusion of this research is made up of several segments: a) presents the new forms of intergenerational relationships, b) allows the perception of existing family relationships, c) reveals the causes of harmonious or disturbed intergenerational relationships, d) gives an account of the thoughts of the two generations, e) the analysis of the elements of the six components of intergenerational support allows for the identification of measures to overcome the misunderstandings between generations.

Међугенерацијска повезаност и солидарност као мит или друштвена стварност?

Author(s): Milica Solarević,Daniela Arsenović,Bojan Đerčan,Branislav S. Đurđev / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 167/2018

From the individual state and through the family, aging became a collective and social “problem”, often interpreted only statistically and economically. Main goals and tasks of this paper are contained in issues expressed through these questions: how much the society is socially responsible and solidary, how deep the intergenerational gap is, and how strong the relationships between the elderly and the young are. The existence of traditional and human values, the exchange of feelings, the transfer of knowledge, skills and experiences between the oldest and the youngest generation were analyzed through the attitudes of pupils of selected elementary school classes and students in Novi Sad. The analysis includes frequency, extent, activity and time spent between respondents and the oldest family and household members. The research results will serve as the basis for a realistic assessment of the situation in society, referring to family relationships that have undergone changes in the last few decades. It will also direct policy makers to the importance and potential of old people in the field of preserving community, culture, heritage; emphasizing the importance of the feeling of physical and psychological use fulness and functionality for old people.

Менопауза – последња мистерија крви

Menopauza – poslednja misterija krvi

Author(s): Miroslava Malešević / Language(s): Serbian Publication Year: 0

The paper deals with the women transition into the third age of life and with the role of the menopause in that process. The scope is on the ways the women face the aging in this culture, on the shifting of the others’ relations toward them, and on defining the new role for a women to be tаken after the period of fertility is once over. The cultural attitudes towards the menopause are of an extremely negative kind, although the menopause is primarly deifined in the terms of hormonal activity, as the definitive extinguishing of the ovaries function. ''Klimakteruša'' (woman in climax) is an ordinary term for the ill-balanced person who can't control the own behaviour; the fifty-year old woman suddenly becomes nonat tractive and useless “old witch”, just like there are no phases and nuances in between the maturity and the aging. Losing the functions of an erotic object and of the fertility looks to the most of the women like entering terrae incognita in the culture obsessed by youth and by the youthfully values. The paper is based on the answers the author collected from about thirty female friends and coevals from Belgrade and from a village near city of Šabac, concerning their experiences on this radical life turnover.

Мила Маева. Българските емигранти в Англия – минало и съвременност. София, 2017

Author(s): Anelia Kassabova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2017

Насиље над старијим лицима у Босни и Херцеговини

Author(s): Dragoljub Reljić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 2/2013

For a long time it was believed that violence against the elderly was a private affair of each individual. Influenced by many human rights movements, intellectuals and scientists, the notion has ripened that violence against the elderly can not be a private matter of an individual and that it must be reacted to. Towards the end of the 20th century there have been significant changes in terms of adoption of international conventions and declarations which tackled the issue of violence against the elderly and domestic violence. However, the awareness in our society about violence against the elderly is still very low. All levels of government and the media do not address this issue in an appropriate manner. It can be noted that in Bosnia and Herzegovina there are few papers dealing with the problem of violence against the elderly.This issue needs to be paid more attention to by the scientific and professional community through the adoption of positive law or appropriate regulations with the aim to prevent and repress such violence. In protecting the elderly, the legislators should in the future consider other ways which have not yet been applied in our current legislation. The register of the perpetrators of such crimes must be established which will be available to the public. Also the violence against older persons should qualify as form of domestic violence. It is necessary that Bosnia and Herzegovina respect the Convention it has ratified and bring the National Strategy for the elderly. The police, prosecution, social workers and the scientific community should act in a coordination so as to protect the elderly from violence. We believe that lawyers and Jurists public themselves should pay more attention to the issue of violence against the elderly. This complex subject has been so far examined from a sociological, psychological and economic standpoint, while its legal aspect remained quite neglected.

НАСИЉЕ НАД СТАРИЈИМ ЛИЦИМА У ИСТИТУЦИЈАМА ЗА ЊЕГУ, СМЈЕШТАЈ И ЗАШТИТУ

Author(s): Dragoljub Reljić / Language(s): Bosnian,Serbian Issue: 3/2018

The subject of paper is protection and assistance to elderly persons in case of violence in institutions for their accommodation, care and protection. This topic has so far been unsuficiently researched in Bosnia and Herzegovina, and the reasons for this are the nominally small number of elderly people placed in these institutions and the neglect of the elderly as victims of violence in general. The paper also analyzes and develops the systems of care for elderly people in the countries of Europe and the world, and points to the existing shortcomings and fears in the process of providing protection to victims of violence. The author tries to illuminate this social deviation from the scientific side and suggests the appropriate de lege solution.

Ниска економска активност старијег становништва у Републици Србији – узроци и последице

Author(s): Biljana Radivojević,Biljana Jovanović Gavrilović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 167/2018

Demographic aging, as well as the situation on the Serbian labour market, have affected the changes in the age structure of the workforce. The share of active persons older than 50 years in the total labour force has increased, and the share of young people has fallen. In 2017, 27.2% of total active people are in the age group 50–64. Despite the positive trends in the period 2012–2017, the indicators of economic activity and employment of the population in these age groups in Serbia are lower, compared to the rates for the EU countries. Low activity and employment of the older people is the result of leaving the workforce before the retirement age. The poor employment opportunities for older workers meant an early exit from the workforce and their transition to inactivity. The reasons for early exit from the workforce are illness or disability too. Out of the total number of pensioners in Serbia in 2017, 17.1% were disability pensioners. Chronic non-communicable diseases are the leading causes of illness, disability and premature death (tumors and diseases of the bloodstream). In addition to the economic consequences, the low activity of the older population has numerous social consequences. Abandoning work causes marginalization and often leads to complete exclusion from social life. Therefore, stimulating the economic activity of the elderly is one of the more important goals of national policies. It implies the postponement of the retirement decision and the extension of work. Higher employment among the elderly contributes to a better balance between the active and inactive elderly population. Lifelong learning and professional development is a way to improve the position of the elderly in the labour market and increase their employment.

Образ бабушки глазами современной молодежи: штрихи к портрету

Author(s): Sergey Aleksandrovich Tikhomirov / Language(s): Russian Issue: 6/2016

The article analyzes the specificity of Russian young people’s (grandchildren) attitude to their older relatives (grandmothers). The author analyzes young people’s estimations of the older people, from the position of imputable and real models of behavior, social status, personal traits and cultural horizons.

Основни компоненти во институционалната социјализација на старите лица

Author(s): Divna Lakinska-Popovska,Sunčica Krstevska / Language(s): Macedonian Issue: 11/2/2015

Care of the elderly in private institutions in the Republic of Macedonia Macedonia has a brief history, however, we believe that social work has built up a solid professional experience. In the direction of these achievements, the Rulebook on the norms and standards for establishing and starting the work of the institutions for social protection for the elderly is included, which obligatorily includes the work of a social worker. Also, great help for the work of social workers is the Rulebook on the manner of keeping content and records for the beneficiaries of social protection rights, including the rights and obligations of children with the care of children and the record is unified. The content of this paper is an explanation of the basic thematic content from the aspect of the method of social work in the institutions for care of the elderly.

Основни показатели за състоянието на сектора за учене на възрастни

Author(s): Stoyan Baev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 6/2018

Based on a brief analysis of Bulgaria’s benchmarks under the EU’s “Education and Training 2020” strategic framework, the article presents the state and trends of the adult learning sector and some new aspects in order to make progress. Discussed is the participation of the population aged 25 – 64 in formal or non-formal education and training, the situation of early school leavers is analysed. Based on the data analysed, it is made the conclusion that the adult learning sector in 2017 state is improving but the positive changes achieved are not large enough to ensure that the national targets set for the most important indicators – participation of adults in education and training and the number of early school leavers.

От съставителя

Author(s): Ilia Iliev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2020

Пенсионерските клубове: полезна за остаряването формална форма на неформални отношения

Author(s): Ivelina Eftimova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2020

The article is focused on the retirement clubs as a form of organization of pensioners established during socialism and still existing today. The first part of the study examines the preliminary goals, organization and activities of the retirement clubs while the second concentrates on the changes and problems which occurred after1989, the founding of the Union of Pensioners in Bulgaria, the attempts at expanding the network of clubs in order to protect the interests and their situation today. The retirement clubs are an object of interest for a great part of the pensioners in Bulgaria who need an organized type of communication similar to the one they were used to during their professional life at a mature age. The models of social life at the place of work established during socialism are similar to those imposed in childhood. They are succeeded by the retirement clubs, in whose institutionalized community the generation shaped in the 1930s – 1950s and possessing steady specifics fits easily. This community offers successful models of socialization during individual ageing but cannot exist in this form in practice without the support of the state or municipal institutions.

Планирање властите старости – ресурс активног старења у заједници

Author(s): Ljubo Lepir / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 167/2018

Under the conditions of strengthening neoliberalism, when the role of the state in securing the social security of citizens is constantly diminishing, the issues of age and aging become increasingly the “matter” of personal responsibility of each individual towards themselves and their life and personal relationship between them. Personal aging planning is a pressing need in societies where social security systems are inadequate to provide the existential needs of the elderly. Age planning is directly linked to the realization of active aging models. Active aging involves knowingly managing the old person with his remaining abilities, capabilities and resources in order to overcome the consequences of aging. Question how to achieve the goals of active aging can not be the responsibility of an old person – that is the question of responsibility of the community in which the old person lives. The conditions it creates and activities carried out by the community directly contribute to better and more efficient results of personal age planning. In the paper we deal with the updating of the importance of personal age planning and sustainability of the concept of active aging in local communities. Personal age planning is in direct co-ordination with institutional support for the elderly in the local community that is implemented through preventive programs and adaptation programs. Preventive programs for elderly people in community can facilitate the adjustment of the elderly to the new states and the consequences of age. Adaptation programmes provide primary support to the elderly in coping and solving problems, the concrete and active problems that local community citizens face each day.

Полно-старосна структура становништва Гоча и подгорине крајем XX и почетком XXI века

Author(s): Aleksandra S. Dragin,Branislav S. Đurđev,Tamara Kovačević / Language(s): English,Serbian Issue: 1/2010

The analysis of the age structure of population of Goc Mountain and its foothill is elaborated in the paper. Data in the paper refer to the second half of 20th century and to the beginning of the 21st century. There are many tasks of the paper. The first task is to represent and to compare the parameters of age structure of Goc and his foothill. The task of this paper is to present the parameters of the age structure of Goc Mountain and its foothill. Then, comparing them to identify and interpret trends in their movements. The paper shows the spatial distribution of the index of aging by cadastral municipalities. Factors that have influenced it are highlighted. Special attention is given to problems, which appear as a consequence of aging of population. Paper will contribute to enriching the knowledge about population and settlements of the Goc Mountain and the West Morava valley.

Посебна форма уговора о доживотном издржавању у Републици Српској

Author(s): Nada Vukoje / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 1/2016

A simple written form of a lifetime support contract in the Republic of Srpska is not sufficient, but the parties to the authentic declaration of will must register with the notary public. The notary inquires whether the parties are capable, whether they are authorized to conclude the contract, warns them that the property that is the subject of the contract does not enter into the legacy of the recipient and that the forced heirs can not be settled. Prior to the certification notarty establishes that the inquiring was done. While drawing up a written document, a notary is assured that there is no disadvantage, that the rights are clear and unambiguous, and in particular that it is known what the provider is obliged to do. It is necessary to specify the elements of support obligation, since at the same time these constitute the rights of the recipient. Also, the obligation of the recipient of the support, which consists in the transfer of the ownership right to the provider, or the transfer of other rights that exist at the moment of the conclusion of the con¬tract, must be precisely determined, with the transfer being postponed until the moment of the death of the recipient of the supprort. This is not an inheritance treaty that once existed in our law. The notarial form is protective and evidential. The provider may register his rights in public records.

Предговор

Author(s): Elya Tsaneva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2016

Промене старосне структуре становништва насеља општине Зајечар

Author(s): Marijana Jančić,Sanja Pavlović / Language(s): English,Serbian Issue: 2/2009

The paper analyzes changes in age structure of 42 settlements of Zaječar community from aspects of total amount of population, population size, sort, type and the hypsometric zone they belong to. Statistical analysis done on a two census years (1971. and 2002) shows the oldening of all the settlements, as well as dependence of changes in age structure of the sort of settlements, their population size and altitude. The age structure of villages, smaller settlements and those from higher hypsometric zones is worsening faster. The analysis doesn't show statistical connection between the age structure and the type of settlement.

Просторни размештај и старосна структура становништва као фактор просторне диференцијације развоја општине Куршумлија

Author(s): Dušan Ristić,Vojislav Deđanski / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 13/2016

Demographic development is characterized by pronounced depopulation, weakening demographic potential and aging of population. These resulted by increasing inbalances in the territorial distribution of population (drastically draining and fragmentation of rural settlements). Aim of this work is analysis of spatial distribution and age structure of population as a factor constraints of balanced development. Special attention is on the analysis of dispersion of population and settlements in altitude zones, and to research the causes and consequences of demographic emptying and quenching setelements of the municipality of Kursumlija.

Процес старења становништва општине Кањижа

Author(s): Anđelija Ivkov-Džigurski,Branislav S. Đurđev,Daniela Arsenović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 3/2009

The aging of population in Vojvodina Province is one of the main political, national and economical issues. This paper presents the demographic situation in municipality of Kanjiza, researching the age structure. The aging is one of the most important demographic characteristics, which analyses the stage of development of a certain population. The consequence of low birthrate and emigrations in municipality of Kanjiza during the last 30- 40 years, is that the population in 1971. was in fourth stage of demographic development. The age structure in this paper is presented through the ageing of population, ageing index, age ratio, age group up to 20 year (young population) and age groups over 60 (old population), part of fertile and active population.

Процесс старения населения в современной России и его последствия

Author(s): Olga Olegovna Sekicki-Pavlenko / Language(s): Russian Issue: 13/2016

Glavni trendovi u starosnoj strukturi stanovništva Rusije, su proces demografskog starenja. Članak analizira transformaciju starosne strukture stanovništva u smislu interakcije demografskih, socio-ekonomskih i političkih okolnosti. Analizirani indikatori karakterišu trenutno stanje i tendencije u razvoju procesa demografskog starenja. Klasifikacione osobine 'starosti' stanovništva su uvedene uzimajući u obzir regionalne razlike. Posebna pažnja je posvećena ekonomskim, socijalnim i etičkim posledicama, koje su uzrokovane procesom starenja.