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Zaburzenia psychiczne migrantów – analiza socjologiczna

Author(s): Marzena Sylwia Kruk / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2014

Contemporary migration processes, which include a growing group of people, not only contribute to changes in the social structures of states, the economy and social space, but above all they affect the migrants themselves. Mental health is one of the most important factors conditioning the proper functioning of both the individual and society. Mental health problems affect particularly migrants, who due to the experienced changes, problems, stress are exposed to the emergence of various types of mental disorders. Migrants are a group at increased risk of morbidity due to the number of changes undergone and they often experience the negative effects of migration. Epidemiology indicates the increase in the prevalence of mental disorders among migrants, which shows the scale of the problem. Preventive measures and access to treatment is not just a problem for the state that the migrant leaves, but also for the host society. Unfortunately, there is little action taken to improve and protect the mental health of various types of migrants.

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Możliwości życiowe osób będących w konﬂikcie z prawem

Author(s): Anna Kieszkowska-Grudny / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2016

In a situation when a person does not have the suitable skills to cope with the life’s requirements, there is a high probability to experience many difficulties and mental disorders that can lead to exclusion from the environment. Many previous studies have shown that people who believe in their personal possibilities to affect their life situation, solve their problems more rationally. Individuals with an internal location of control are able to better use the means to reduce the stress and they looking for information regarding problems and ways to solve them. A preoccupation of the individual with certain aims and tasks leads to the more adaptive action which is targeted to solve the problem. Thus, the individual gains the confidence in the ability to change their fate. They have the possibility to solve the problem in a proper way. The individual can learn from own experiences, learn from failures and cope better with the negative effects of stress. In contrast, helping people in need or weak people determines the culture and maturity of the individual, society and nations in the process of inclusion. Respect and acceptance expressed by the environment, sense of security, self-esteem and self-acceptance bring out the subjective sense of value added in their own lives and shape the good relations of both parties involved in the exchange of the support.

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Religious Declarations of Youth versus their Opinions… and Attitudes towards the Phenomenon of Sexting

Author(s): Małgorzata Bereźnicka,Justyna Rokitowska / Language(s): English Issue: I/2020

The aim of this paper is to present the results of a survey on the opinions of high school graduates and their attitudes towards the phenomenon of sexting with regard to respondents’ religious declarations. The authors, recalling various studies, introduce the role that religiosity plays in relation to various sexual behaviours. After that the authors present the analysis and results of their survey, taking into consideration three groups of students: practising Catholics, non-practising Catholics and atheists. The similarities as well as the discrepancies among these groups are discussed. The paper shows that students’ declarations connected with faith are not always consistent with their opinions on the discussed subject, which can be seen especially in the group of non-practising Catholics. At the end, key conclusions and postulates for the practice are presented.

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The Repercussions of the Untold, and Why One Needs to Know

Author(s): Kathrin Pabst / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2023

The article takes its starting point in more than 160 personal narratives from former migrants, their children, and grandchildren. The testimonies have been collected by cultural-history museums in seven European countries – Norway, Denmark, Sweden, Poland, Lithuania, Slovenia and Croatia – and provide a haunting impression of the long-term consequences of war and forced migration for at least three generations. The research aimed at understanding how exactly the Untold and the silence of the first generation – the not-sharing of what they, as time witnesses, experienced – can be sensed by their children and grandchildren and influence their lives, family relations and the surrounding society in a negative way. The findings show that the need for personal and public information by the second and third generations cannot be overestimated and that sharing and getting to know could be a key to more healthy relations between family members and within communities.

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HUMAN RESOURCES FOR HEALTH DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

Author(s): Mihai Pascaru,Mădălina-Ioana RAȚIU / Language(s): English Issue: 01/2023

In this paper we will present some of the results of a didactic-scientific project carried out with our students from the master’s programmes between November 2020 and January 2021. In the first section of the paper, we will make a brief incursion into the literature devoted to human resources in the covid-19 pandemic, with a focus on human resources in health, including here the medical and pharmaceutical fields. The second section, also very condensed, is devoted to a review of some of the concepts involved in grounding our qualitative research: self-esteem and self-image, interpersonal relations, job satisfaction, co-social behaviours, social capital, group decision and human resource development. The methodology section lists the main research themes and, correspondingly, the main research questions. The results presented reveal that although there have been no cases of staff redundancies in the health sector, employees have been placed in entirely new regulatory contexts, which have affected, to a greater or lesser extent, the work climate, self-image, job satisfaction, patient/client relationships and professional development activities.

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“A Disease Like Any Other”: Awareness-Raising and Neuro-tivization of Depression in Poland

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“A Disease Like Any Other”: Awareness-Raising and Neuro-tivization of Depression in Poland

Author(s): Beata Szulęcka / Language(s): English Issue: 04/2023

This article shows how Forum Against Depression,1 an online platform devoted to depression, creates awareness about depression in Poland. This qualitative study uses critical discourse analysis to interpret texts published by the Forum and a short film, Disappearing Children, devoted to “teenage depression.” In this discourse, depression is presented as an object, the meaning of which is stable and dispersed. The article shows how the creation of this double semiosis of depression provides an invitation for auto-diagnosis and blurs the identity of the sender: the pharmaceutical company running the campaign, which is the subject of this article. Neuro-tivization of depression conceals the social context of distress and helps maximize drug sales. Ultimately, this article tracks the merging of complex psychiatrization and depsychiatrization processes. The article enhances discussion about issues related to biomedical framings of mental health, diagnostic reification of mental health diagnoses, and debate about conditions in which mental health knowledge is produced in Poland and globally.

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Comparison of the pragmatic level of communication in children with autism spectrum disorder using pictorial and drawn material

Author(s): Lucie Vrbová / Language(s): English Issue: 20/2022

The paper provides an insight into the possibilities of using different types of visual material, intended for practical use in the evaluation or development of social communication skills. The aim of the paper is to assess the optimal type of task and the way of its administration in terms of effectiveness in students with ASD. The theoretical part of the paper contains both the definition of autism spectrum disorders and the pragmatic language level, as well as a thorough insight into Skinner’s analysis of verbal operants, especially intraverbal and receptive skills, mastering which is necessary for functional application of learned skills in everyday social communication situations. Three types of pictorial and cartoon materials are used in the research survey. The first is a pair of images designed to distinguish socially acceptable behaviors. The second contains situational pictures, where the student distinguishes the main character’s likes or dislikes according to the context of the situation. The third material is modified by the principles of structured learning, in which the respondent assigns to the pictures a suitable statement from the menu. The aim of the research part of the paper is to evaluate the results of individuals in partial tests, especially if they achieve significantly more acceptable results in tests for identification, assignment or spontaneous creation.

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Inclusion of children with hearing impairment in preschool age in education

Author(s): Ľubica Kročanová / Language(s): English Issue: 21/2022

We currently understand the inclusion process as a natural element in the field of education of disabled and socially disadvantaged individuals. Its essence lies in solving relationships intact in the majority position towards the handicapped in the position of minority. It is an ongoing process, and it draws attention to the existing barriers that children or adults with disabilities encounter in inclusive direction. We consider speech abilities, communication skills and social competences with the possibility of naturally developing them in an intact environment as a key factor for the success of including preschool children with hearing impairment among the majority population in regular kindergartens.

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IMPACT OF WORKING ENVIRONMENT AND WORKLOAD ON WORK LIFE BALANCE TOWARDS JOB SATISFACTION: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY

Author(s): Tharushika PATHIRANAGE,Ali Khatibi,Jacquline THAM / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2023

Syntheses of existing literature provide a framework for a broader understanding of the relationships among working environment, workload, work life balance and job satisfaction. This empirical study synthesizes the relevant literature pertaining to the impact of working environment and workload on work life balance towards job satisfaction. The focus of this empirical study is aligned with the Sustainable Development Goal 8 (SDG 8), which is about "Decent Work and Economic Growth". The empirical study comprised various published sources on working environment, workload, work life balance and job satisfaction, such as journals, periodicals, seminal books, and other published materials. The review focused on the relationships of working environment and workload on work life balance and job satisfaction and their dimensions. After analysis of a wide range of renowned literature, it was found that there are opposing findings in previous research with regard to the study area. Empirical evidences further ascertained that there are very few researches related to the job satisfaction, work-life balance, workload and working environment of university non-academic administrative officers in global context. Moreover, existing literature may not fully cover the associations among said parameters towards job satisfaction. Therefore, understanding the relationships among job satisfaction, work life balance, working environment and workload of university nonacademic administrators can be recognized as a needed research scope.

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THE EFFECT OF THE COVID-19 CRISIS ON THE SATISFACTION AND PERFORMANCE OF NURSES

Author(s): Milana Mazal MAZOR / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2022

The study reviews the effect of the COVID-19 crisis on the satisfaction and performance of nurses during the crisis as examined in studies carried out in ten countries (Italy, Australia, Great Britain, Germany, Israel, New Zealand, Spain, Canada, Romania, and Switzerland). The purpose of the study is to identify the scope and frequency of the phenomena reported by the nursing workforce from a broad global perspective and to provide information and recommendations to improve preparation for the future. The review shows that the COVID-19 crisis has affected the mental health of the nurses (Spain, Switzerland), anxiety, depression, and burnout (Switzerland, New Zealand, Canada, Germany), deterioration of working conditions mainly due to lack of staff, high employee turnover, and the lack of personal protective equipment (UK), and symptoms of stress and fear of contracting the disease (Romania, Germany, Canada). Also, the experience of coping during the pandemic period is seen as a deep mental trauma (Italy) and is characterized by the lack of mental support for the medical staff (Israel). The phenomena reported by the nursing staff in the countries examined caused less ability to function, lack of confidence, (to plan, concentrate, and organize), and a general decrease in motivation (Australia). Post-traumatic stress disorders were reported in all the countries examined.

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Snowflake Generation: theoretical foundation and brief characterization

Author(s): Samira Cîrlig / Language(s): English Issue: 1-2/2022

The material answers two questions. First concerns who is the snowflake generation. To answer this question, I will clarify conceptually what I mean by the following: generation (based on the definition of the German sociologist Karl Mannheim), then give a brief history of the concept of snowflake, and then discuss the central concept of the paper, snowflake generation. The second question I set out to answer is “how are these young people like?”. To answer this question, I will start from the work of researchers Claire Fox (2016, 2018) and Jean Marie Twenge (2014) but not only and analyse the data that will help me shape the profile in question. My intention is to first identify the three main characteristics of this profile, and then to observe sociologically what their implications are. I am interested in the “snowflake generation” because, as Professor Ilie Bădescu states, generations are “identity vehicles”213 and their study contributes to the understanding of social structures.

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WHY I BECAME AN AMBASSADOR OF THE BULGARIAN CULTURE ABROAD: THREE FORMER EMIRATES FLIGHT ATTENDANTS

Author(s): Lina Gergova,Yana Gergova / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2023

The United Arab Emirates are considered the largest recipient of labour migration in the world, as the share of immigrants is 90% of the total population or about 8 million people. But the UAE maintains an immigration policy to attract temporary workers, and citizenship is not granted even to children born there to non-citizen parents. According to unofficial data, about 5,000-6,000 Bulgarians live in the UAE – in Dubai and Abu Dhabi. At the beginning of the 21st century, many aviators came – pilots and flight attendants in the two largest airlines of the UAE – Emirates and Etihad. At the moment, some of the oldest migrants have been there for about 18-20 years and work in the field of sports and arts, mainly music. In the article, the authors tell the stories of three women who used to work as flight attendants at Emirates, and today they are among the pillars of the Bulgarian communities in Dubai and Abu Dhabi. In recent years, for various reasons, they have chosen not to return to Bulgaria, but are actively involved in presenting Bulgaria abroad and building Bulgarian migrant communities. The research is based on semi-structured interviews conducted in February 2022 with the respondents in connection with their function for the consolidation of the Bulgarian communities.

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„Wkluczeni” w sieć – wykluczeni z wolności. Partycypacja cyberprzestrzeni w wymiarze czasu

Author(s): Katarzyna Borawska-Kalbarczyk / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2023

The issue of the text focuses on the description of changes in the way of experiencing time by people involved in digital technologies. The article discusses the causes and consequences of new forms of human location in contemporary space-time, which is shaped and modified by modern technologies. The author puts forward the thesis that the attachment of a contemporary individual to virtual space can be treated as a kind of enslavement, considered in the dimension of time. Young people, whose childhood and adolescence were shaped under the influence of dynamically developing digital technologies, were chosen as the subject of the analysis. The issue of time is analyzed in the background of the current culture, which is called “the culture of the present”. The new quality of time can be assessed as captivating due to the speed imposed on man by the rapid progress of new technologies. The text also presents ways of rational time management in the digital world (in the ecology of time trend). This trend draws attention to the threats and dimensions of the enslavement of modern man resulting from excessive haste. It promotes the need to limit the dominance of social time and respect natural time.

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PERSONALISTYCZNY WYMIAR PRACY LUDZKIEJ, JAKO WYZNACZNIK RESOCJALIZACJI KOBIET, NA PRZYKŁADZIE WŁASNYCH BADAŃ

Author(s): Kazimierz Pierzchała,Piotr Kulik / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2022

Personalism is giving the event a personal character, directed at the upbringing of a person, and resocialization is a transformation of that person, directed towards freedom, performing social roles, by striving for autonomous and free decision-making. In order to identify the essence of human work in a personalistic area, there is a need to pay special attention to the subject of the problem, which is man, his humanity, a way of understanding reality and the whole world. The essence of work should have a “human face”, work should be satisfying for convicts. The main goal of the research is to learn about the possibility of using work in the social rehabilitation process of convicted women, learning the personalistic dimension of the impact of this work on social rehabilitation.

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Funkcjonowanie świetlic socjoterapeutycznych w czasie pandemii COVID-19 w Gdańsku, Poznaniu i Katowicach

Author(s): Adrianna Brzezińska,Barbara Jankowiak,Emilia Soroko / Language(s): Polish Issue: 69/2023

Socio-therapeutic day-care facilities are specifically dedicated to the conduct of socio-therapeutic activities for children and adolescents from high-risk groups and those displaying difficulties in psycho-social functioning. During the pandemic, socio-therapeutic day facilities continued to aid their clients. The aim of this analysis is to describe the operation of socio-therapeutic day care facilities in Gdańsk, Katowice and Poznań. The data collection method for this project is a semi-structured telephone interview, while data is examined via a template analysis. The analyses concerned 30 socio-therapeutic day care facilities in Gdańsk, Katowice and Poznań. The data collected shows that socio-therapeutic day facilities could be an important source of support for the participants and their families. Elements of socio-therapeutic work were retained in contact with the clients to the highest possible degree via online communication. Online meetings enabled discussion of current difficulties, emotional respite and support. Topics discussed included those supporting health-promoting behavior in an epidemiological emergency. Many of the activities went beyond group work and were mainly supportive or crisis intervention. Staff members contacted parents, helped with children’s homework and even donated food parcels.

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Powódź jako krytyczne wydarzenie życiowe

Author(s): Joanna Białołęcka / Language(s): Polish Issue: 69/2023

The study presents the definitions of a crisis and a crisis situation that relate to a wide range of topics, followed by the definition of floods and characteristics of their types. Then it presents the stages of preventing and counteracting floods. Against this background, the text examines the effects of a flood in the Płock poviat. The article presents: research assumptions, research method and technique, characteristics of the group and selected research results. The article contains some conclusions from own research on floods. Finally, it lists possible ways of supporting and helping those affected by floods.

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Creating a supportive learning environment: The impact of dominant love styles on students’ motivation

Author(s): Irina Sergeevna Trifonova,Albert Anatolevich Tokarev,Anna Yurievna Levenkova / Language(s): English Issue: 5/2023

Introduction. The article reveals the influence of emotions on the intrinsic student motivation to studies. The aim of the article is to identify the dominant love styles, to validate their impact on the intrinsic student motivation to studies and the types of their motives in order to design a supportive learning environment. Despite the fact that different investigations into the role of emotional factors on learning have been frequently undertaken since the emergence of psychoanalysis, currently, the emotional reaction to the experience of love is insufficiently articulated in educational and methodological literature and is still peripheral. Materials and Methods. The methodological basis of the study is formed by general scientific methods: theoretical analysis and literature review. They are underpinned by a set of specific methods: personality analysis (personalised, environmental and structural approaches), the colour wheel theory of love (J. A. Lee) along with quantitative, qualitative, diagnostic and interpretation methods (N. Ts. Badmaeva). In order to achieve the aim, an analytical and comparative review has been carried out in order to identify the links between emotions and intrinsic student motivation, as well as the main parts of the supportive learning environment. Quantitative and diagnostic methods include two surveys, used as data collection tools. Qualitative and interpretation methods have allowed the authors to determine student motivation through love styles in correlation with types of motives, as well as to design a three-part supportive learning environment based on teaching strategies. Twenty eight students in their third-fourth year of study at University of Tyumen aged between 20 and 25 years majoring in Linguistics have participated in the study. Results. Literature review has shown that emotions are a significant component in cultivating student intrinsic motivation to studies. The authors have identified and described the key components of the supportive learning environment. The results of the diagnostics and their interpretation analysis have shown a high level of love styles’ impact on the student intrinsic motivation to studies and revealed statistically significant links between prevailing love styles and motives. The dominant love styles are Ludus, Pragma and Agape. Assessment of the student motivation level and dominant types of motives has shown that 51 percent of respondents (n=16) have below average or low level of motivation. Among the prevailing motives, the authors highlight the following: communicative, failure avoidance and social motives. These findings have allowed the authors to design a meaningful model of the supportive learning environment based on teaching strategies and to justify its significance. The authors’ model consists of three main parts involving intellectual stimulation, flexible assessment system and reflection. On the one hand, these components result from the prevailing motives influenced by love styles. On the other hand, they are to enhance cognitive (educational) and professional motives. The proposed model explicates the links between love styles, motives, teaching strategies and visualises the underlying meanings of the supportive learning environment. Conclusions. In conclusion, the authors summarise the love styles’ impact on the intrinsic student motivation to studies, justify the necessity to introduce and test the designed model of the supportive learning environment. In the authors’ opinion, it will allow an educator to cultivate a sustained student motivation to studies, as well as to enhance cognitive (educational) and professional motives.

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GEŠTALT TERAPIJA IZVAN POTREBA: KAKO UPOTREBA ALATA UTIČE NA OSOBU I OKRUŽENJE

Author(s): Enno Freiherr von Fircks / Language(s): English Issue: 10/2023

In the present article, I am going to expand Kurt Lewin’s behavior equation stating that human conduct is a function of person and environment. Within this equation, Gestalt Therapy has predominantly focused on the notion of needs and how people become stuck/blocked in their current need fulfilment. This in mind, Lewin has shown that human conduct happens in a field of tensions that can be freed once the need becomes satisfied. This has been a major accomplishment to shift the gaze to the person as the point of departure for therapy. Yet, there has been something missing in Lewin’s equation. This is related to the notion that all activity is mediated by tools in order to satisfy needs. In the present article, I show how the tool use changes the field of action in a particular way which not only alters the relationship of the person to her Self but also towards other social agents embedded in that field. I end the article with presenting an interview scheme on the basis of Vygotsky’s dynamic tool notion appealing Gestalt practitioners to incorporate theory and methods into their sessions related to tool use.

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COVID-19 PSYCHOLOGICAL EFFECTS ON TWO DISTINCT VULNERABLE GROUPS: A QUALITATIVE RESEARCH ON PARENTS WITH SMALL CHILDREN AND CHRONICALLY ILL PEOPLE IN BULGARIA

Author(s): Valentina Dolmova,Polimira Miteva / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2023

This article outlines the major psychological effects and responses that the COVID-19 pandemic evoked in two important, vulnerable groups within the Bulgarian society: parents with young children up to 12 years of age and people struggling with chronic illness(es). The experiences of 30 study participants, were captured via interviews, conducted between March 2020 - January 2022. They uncover the psychological implications COVID-19 had on subjects and confirmed consistency with studies conducted in other countries around the globe. The main negative effects for the group of parents included 1/ stress, 2/ anxiety, and 3/ mood swings. The positive, on the other hand, involved 1/ improved and/or strengthened relationships, and 2/ mobilization of psychological resources. Similarly, the negative psychological effects for those, suffering from a chronic illness, were: 1/ increased levels of stress, 2/ heightened anxiety, and 3/ an acute sense of vulnerability, among others. The positive entailed 1/ elevated focus on personal sense of meaning and 2/ feelings of closeness with family members. The findings from an exploratory, qualitative study, using semi-structured, calendar interviews are shared, together with recommendations on future crisis management.

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Sosyal Medyadaki Gelişmeleri Kaçırma Korkusunun ve Sosyal Zekânın Rasyonel Tüketim Davranışı Üzerindeki Etkisi

Author(s): Muhammet Mutlu,Tevfik Şükrü Yapraklı / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 03/2023

Social media, which offers numerous opportunities to its users, also causes psychological problems such as fear of missing out. Individuals' attitudes and purchasing behaviours are subject to change due to the fear of missing out. Psychological, physiological, and social needs such as socialization, interaction, and communication must be satisfied for individuals to continue their lives. Social intelligence is an essential factor in satisfying social needs. Rational consumption behaviour is the consideration of factors such as reasonable price and appropriate quality in purchasing products and services. This study aims to determine whether social intelligence and FoMO on social media are effective in rational consumption behaviour. In line with this, 535 data were obtained by applying an online survey to social media users over 18 who engaged in consumption activities. Descriptive analyses, exploratory factor analyses, and multiple regression analyses were performed on data with the SPSS package program. The analysis results showed that social intelligence and FoMO on social media are effective in rational consumption behaviour

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