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Ekstremizam kao naša zajednička sudbina

Author(s): Marko P. Đurić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 44/2016

U svome članku govorim o uskoj vezi između verskog fundamentalizma i ekstremizma. Monopol na istinu, a time i na spasenje, na što nas podseća jedna rečenica koju su formulisali sv. Kiprijan Kartaginski i Origen, a koja glasi “Extra ecclesiam nulla salus” (Izvan Crkve nema spasenja), pokazala se u odnosima Crkve sa drugim religijama skroz disfunkcionalnom. Na navedenu izjavu i muslimani i Jevreji bili su posebno osetljivi, a njihove reakcije kadkada su bileveoma žestoke. Jedna isključivost rađala je drugu, zbog čega nije mogao izbeći i verski fundamentalizam. Ali, kako današnjem čoveku, što bi rekao sv. Kliment Aleksandrijski, ništa drugo “ne preostaje do da Nepoznatog shvati Božanskom miloš ću i rečju što nam dolazi od Njega”, to će kvalitet našeg shvatanja Nepoznatog uvek zavisiti od zrelosti i kreativnosti naše vere koja će se u našem životu moći samo pojaviti pod uticajem Njegovog Svetog Duha, nakon čega u našim teološkim razmišljanjima sigurno neće biti verskog ekstremizma. Ekstremističko ponašanje nije plod Svetog Duha.

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Religije i društveni konflikti

Author(s): Ivan Cvitković / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 01+02/2001

Rat na području ex Jugoslavije, posebno BiH, oživio je zanimanje za teoriju sukoba i sociologiju nasilja. Da paradoks bude veći, marksizam je, u suštini, teorija društvenog (posebno klasnog) sukoba, pa ipak sociološko razmatranje konflikata gotovo da je bilo u potpunosti zanemarivano. A društveni konflikti pratili su čovjeka kroz povijest u kojoj je on (čovjek) pokušavao, nekad s više nekad s manje uspjeha, naći put ka koegzistenciji, razumijevanju, toleranciji.

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Religijski simboli u sudovima u Republici Srbiji

Author(s): Dragić Radovanović,Miloš B. Stanić / Language(s): Bosnian,Croatian,Serbian Issue: 24/2016

Čini se da su u ljudskoj istoriji religija i pravo nerazdvojno povezani, jer i “kada je pravo počelo da se više vezuje za državu i da iz nje izvire, religija je još uvek predstavljala važan oslonac nedovoljno jakom i organizovanom državnom aparatu: kroz zaprećenje religijskim sankcijama obezbeđivalo se poštovanje pravnih normi koje on sam propisuje, a nije u stanju da ih efikasno sprovodi. Brojni zakoni starog veka, ali i oni kasniji, najčešće su se, na samom početku teksta, pozivali na božansko poreklo, volju, inspiraciju ili diktat, pridajući celokupnom pravu religijski karakter. Tendencija vezivanja prava za religiju se proteže do modernih zakonodavstava, sve do neuspelog Ustava Evropske unije, u čijem se pripremanju do poslednjeg časa vodila žestoka borba hoće li i on u preambuli sadržiti odredbu sa invokacijom Boga“ .

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Theocracy in the Modern World

Author(s): Miroljub Jevtić / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2009

Modern Western world in political sense propagates secular principle of political organization. This means separation between the state and religion. But even in the most important Western states secularization has not been completely accepted. Even superficial examination of political system in the West shows that religion is present in their political organizations. The example of Great Britain is the most impressive one. In England King is a chief of established church of England. In Denmark Lutheran church is established, too. If we analyze other civilizations than Christian, we will see similar situation. Islamic, Hindu and Buddhist worlds give similar examples. Having in mind all those facts we can easily conclude that theocracy is not past, bur very present model of political organization in contemporary world.

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Обнова религије у савременом друштву и њена улога у афирмацији културе мира

Author(s): Ljubiša R. Mitrović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 3/2009

Strengthening and rise of religion in contemporary society represents an expression of structural crisis of the Long Wave and historical restauration, but it is also a very specific form of a spiritual critique of that crisis. Author focuses both on religion and the contemporary society, ie. The focus is on the relation between the crisis and the phenomenon of the strengthening of religion and retraditionalization, on one hand, as opposed to the processes of modernization and secularization on the other one. The author explores contemporary incongruities between a neoliberal model of transition and an asymmetric type of monocentric globalization, which have generated enormous social inequalities and discrepancies between the North and the South, between rich and poor social classes. It is in this context, the one characterized by globalization and fragmentation of contemporary society and socialdarwinization of social relations, that the author analyses the alienation of the man in contemporary world and present a critique of apologetic positivism in science and philosophy, focusing thereby especially on the manifest and latent role of religion in the contemporary world, and especially in European in the Balkans at that point. The author links the current rise of religion, and especially that of religious fundamentalism, to the blocked processes of modernization and development, making a point thereby that the transformation of religion from a tool of creative expression of human socio-psychological powers into a form of regressive destruction, is a result above all, of structural inequalities and various forms of social violence in the world; as a saying goes: “The sword takes the centre stage when justice fails or comes late.” The author put forward the thesis that the rise of religion represents not only a expression of crisis of the contemporary society, but that it also constitutes a tool of rebellion against the apology of the crumbling analytical mind and social injustice. The given phenomenon is therefore also a critique of the dehumanization of the man’s current state and an attempt at renewing theology of liberation. The author especially underlined the role of religion in development of the culture of peace, as well as that of the globalization of solidarity and understanding in the world, pointing thereby to the fact that there can be no global peace in the world that is devoid of global justice.

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ISLAM POD OPSADOM

Author(s): Ahmad S. Akbar / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 19/2004

Antropologija treba biti veoma zahvalna Bin Ladinu. Nakon decenija kriticizma, antropologija je, ne suviše davno, bila u beznadežnoj situaciji. Njeni utemeljitelji su bili diskreditirani: Bronislaw Malinowski zbog požude prema mladim domorocima, a Margaret Mead zbog izmišljanja etnografskih izvještaja. Antropolozi su očajavali i predviđali kraj antropologije“1. Kad se ta oblast našla u svom najslabijem stanju, pojavio se moćni novi glas Edwarda Saida osudivši je da je uprljana užasnom riječju orijentalizam2. Možda je najsuroviji rez bio u tome da antropologija nije čak ni viđena kao buldog u službi zapadnih imperijalista, već, prije, kao puko štene.

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Without Losing My Religion: The Dilemmas of EU Integration in Poland

Author(s): Simona Guerra / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2017

In Poland, the Catholic Church has always maintained its vital role across society. During the communist regime, the Catholic Church supported resistance and autonomy and provided legitimacy to any organised form of protest and opposition. Since 1989, it had to re-position itself across the changing social and political life. One of the main aims of the democratization process in the country was Polish membership to the EU. Yet, the Catholic Church never assumed homogenous and coherent positions. Although levels of public support for EU integration were rather high up to the middle 1990s, concerns started to emerge around possible secular European threats towards Polish culture and values. The Catholic Church could so represent the ally of those who sought to defend Polish traditional values. If the official Catholic Church remained rather pragmatic towards EU integration, and finally supportive, although never enthusiastic, it was in these years that radical right and right wing groupings became electorally successful, as with the League of Polish Families (Liga Polskich Rodzin: LPR), campaigning on Euroscepticism and the mobilization against abortion, euthanasia and the role of the Church in the Polish life. An analysis on the Polish National Election Studies shows that these issues are still significant after fifteen years. Despite an overall positive macro-economic situation, in 2015, at the presidential and parliamentary elections, Poles voted against the incumbent, Civic Platform (Platforma Obywatelska: PO). Young people’ disillusionment and citizens’ disappointment towards the incumbent shifted the votes towards PiS (Law and Justice, Prawo i Sprawiedliwość: PiS), Kukiz’15, and KORWiN. Their agenda, advocating social national conservative (PiS), sometimes populist (Kukiz’15), and radical right and hard Eurosceptic (KORWiN) programmes can still indicate that Polish values and Polish policy towards the EU are salient factors, while the radical Catholic Church can still play an important role in the social and political life of the process of Europeanization of Poland.

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Улога свештенства у стварању и раду органа државе Првог српског устанка (Први део)

Author(s): Jovan Janjić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 149/2014

Priests fulfill their mission among the people, and therefore share its fate. They recognize and share its needs, difficulties and aspirations. That was also the case during the First Serbian Uprising.Serbian people and Serbian clergy, therefore, shared the same needs and aspirations to get rid of the Ottoman occupation and to have their own state in which they will live by their own laws.This paper attempts to show how the clergy helped the establishment of Serbian authorities when the Turkish feudal system collapsed in the area of the Pashaluk of Belgrade, and how it participated in their work. This paper tried to show what was immediately done to lead to the establishment of the Serbian state in the making, but also what was done indirectly, through the priestly mission, in order to reach this goal. In particular, it was shown how Stevan Stratimirović, the Metropolitan of Karlovci, who was the largest and undisputed spiritual authority among the rebels, with his frequent appeals for respect of law and order, often directly addressing rebel leaders, contributed to creating an environment for establishment and work of the new Serbian state authorities. It seems that in the legal and historical literature, as well as in historiography in general, these activities which indirectly lead to the creation of the state after the First Serbian Uprising were not sufficiently analyzed, and in this paper they are at least partially covered.

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Destroying the National-Spiritual Values of Ukrainians during the Anti-Religious Offensive of the Soviet Totalitarian State in the 1960s and 1970s

Author(s): Nadia Kindrachuk / Language(s): English Issue: 18/2016

The article deals with the church and religious life of Ukrainians in the context of national and political processes during the 1960s and 1970s. The author characterizes the anti-religious policy of the Soviet government, shows its directions, forms, and methods, studies the attitude of Ukraine’s title nation representatives to religious persecution and to manipulation of religious consciousness by the communist leadership, and highlights comprehensive atheistic activities and the elimination of the ways for reviving religiosity among people. The author reveals the essence, the process of creating and artificially enforcing the new Soviet ritualism in Ukrainians’ lives. This ritualism has become a convenient tool for popularizing communist ideology in the Ukrainian SSR, destroying historical memory and undermining the national identity of the Ukrainian people. The new Soviet ritualism was also a means for implementing the policy of denationalizing Ukrainians, beginning with the age-old religious oppression of Ukrainian customs, traditions, and rituals. The model of state-church policy of the Soviet power in the described period was based on the use of a variety of forms and methods of struggle against religion, including: a comprehensive control over clergy activities, destruction of religious sites and sacred objects, as well as administrative, moral, and political pressure on believers. Displacing religion, the Soviet totalitarian state destroyed not only native religious customs of the Ukrainian people, but also violated the principles of the centuries-old traditional culture and undermined the national fortitude of Ukrainians.

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Przyczynek do rozważań nad życiem religijnym polskich kobiet zesłanych do związku radzieckiego w latach 1939-1945

Author(s): Joanna Pakuza / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2014

During the Second World War a large number of Polish priests, religious and lay people were displaced to the Soviet Union, mostly because of deportation decided by Soviet officials. Their faith, directly determining also the way of their lives as displaced people, became a specific phenomenon in the whole history of Catholic Church.

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Türkiye’de Merkez Sağ İdeolojisini Siyasal Hareket Üzerinden Temellendirme Denemesi

Author(s): Baki Erken / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 02/2016

Central right in Turkey is a political thought inside the right in addition to being a political movement. Despite the discussions, central right political thought can be considered as an eclectic and comprehensive ideology. Democracy, nationalism and conservatism, religious conservatism and Atatürkçülük are the basic ideological elements of the central right ideology. Democracy, initiating central right movement, is demonstrated popularly through national will discourse. Nationalism and conservatism are placed in central right as dominant ideologies. The religious ideas of central right should be titled as “religious conservatism”, including both freedom of religion and secularism. Atatürkçülük exist in central right with critics of Kemalism due to conservatism. Central right with these ideological elements can become dominant and peculiar movement in Turkish political life.

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Teologiczna ocena prośby o obcą interwencję przeciw rodakom w 1 Mch 6,21-27

Author(s): Janusz Nawrot / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2017

The passage 1 Macc 6: 21-27 contains no less than a request of renegades from the Jewish community for military intervention of the Seleucid troops in Judea. This request serves to end the Maccabean Revolt and continue with the policy of transforming Israel into a region completely submitted to the central royal authority. As such, and from a theological point of view, the renegades’ request receives a completely negative evaluation from the inspired author. The question why the citadel’s besieged defenders even manage to escape and do it successfully is given here much thought. If God is in one way or another the foundation and cause of all human activity in the theology of the Old Testament, then the successful escape could be evaluated as God’s objection to the arbitrary actions taken by Judas, who becomes too intoxicated with his previous achievements. The siege of the citadel might be perceived as the insurgents’ insubordination to God’s will and consequently a beginning of His withdrawal from supporting the rebels, which ultimately ends in their defeat in the soon-to-come Battle of Elasa.

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Immediate and Long Term Effects of Public Information. The National Health Card in Romania

Author(s): Gabriela Rusu-Păsărin / Language(s): English Issue: 50/2016

The information about the health of the population, about social measures taken towards health protection and safety are some major issues in the public space. The information projected into the public space bear the prints of the political discourse, because in Romania the government was politically invested when our analysis was conducted, that is between January and November 2015. Any public information generated by a ministry became a governmental print, and as a result - political discourse. Along with the sociopolitical contextualization, the political - religion relations would have in this case an unexpected impact and reaction within a segment of the population as a consequence of construing the religious significance of the insignia on health cards. The principle of cooperation and conversational engagement would constitute the framework for analyzing the conversational maxims, through examples regarding the form and effect of the information on health cards in the public space. In the case of issuing the cards, a religious communication barrier was also raised. The word card was subject to misinterpretation (backwards it spells drac, which is the Romanian term for devil) as well as the contents of the card chip (it includes the number 666, the number of evil). The Romanian Patriarchate asked the Ministry of Health to clarify the health card’s general advantages for patients and healthcare providers.

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The relationship between Church and State in Romania

Author(s): Alexandrina PĂDUREŢU / Language(s): English Issue: 39/2013

The relationship between Church and State is the collaboration between the spiritual and political unity that are united by the common social life of the citizens of the State and faithful of the Church. With the instauration of the communist regime, the relations between State and Church begin to change, especially since 1965, when school is separated from the church and the state through various adopted measures begins to dominate the Church. Although the Constitution guaranteed religious freedom, the communist regime brought a policy of reducing the role of religion and implicitly of supporting and even enforcing atheism. After the fall of the communist regime in 1989, the Church began to gradually regain its function and role and religious education began to be present again in society. Since 1991, the Constitution has set the legal framework for religious activity, as well as the principles of the relationship between State and Church.

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“THE PURE TEACHINGS OF JESUS”: ON THE CHRISTIAN LANGUAGE OF WILHELM WEITLING’S COMMUNISM

Author(s): Anton Jansson / Language(s): English Issue: 29/2018

The relation between communism and religion is a complex and contested question. In this article I will engage with this question concerning one specific thinker, namely Wilhelm Weitling (1808-1871). Weitling researchers have interpreted religion differently and have seen it as everything from the foundation of all his thought, to a negligible addition to a basically secular theory. In this article I argue that Weitling’s work needs to be understood as expressing a Christian political language, in the sense suggested by the intellectual historian J. G. A. Pocock. Departing from this, this article seeks to unpack the Christian political language of Wilhelm Weitling and to sort out how it is expressed in his three main works.

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DİN EĞİTİMİ DENGESİZ BİR KAYA PARÇASI MI?

Author(s): Brenda Watson,Recep Kaymakcan / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 9/2004

Coğrafyacılar orijinal yerinden yüzlerce mil ötede buldukları buz çağına ait bir kayadan dengesiz bir kaya parçası olarak bahsederler. Bu bana, bugünkü okullarda din eğitiminin nasıl göründüğünü anımsatır. Din eğitimini okullarda garip, yabancı ve tehdit edici yapan nedir? Çoğu insan din eğitimini okuldan uzaklaştırmak yada en azından etkin bir şekilde kontrol altında tutulmasını tercih eder ve böylece din eğitiminin varlığı büyük oranda göz ardı edilir.

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ДОПРИНОС КОНСТРУКТИВИСТИЧКЕ ПАРАДИГМЕ СТУДИЈАМА БЕЗБЕДНОСТИ

Author(s): Milan Lipovac / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 3/2013

Security Studies is not yet sufficiently developed in the coherent and complete scientific discipline with clearly defined subject, and settled theoretical approaches and research practice, therefore the study of security issue requires a broad knowledge and approaches that go beyond a narrow disciplinary focus. Theoretical efforts of contemporary researchers in the field of security studies, among other things, relate to the use of broader paradigms of more general sciences such as sociology and psychology (positivist, constructivist, interpretive, critical paradigm, etc.). The constructivist paradigm today encompasses a wide range of concepts that develops relatively independently within the frameworks of individual sciences and the authors of these concepts have very different ideas in some segments.

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Dalmatinski episkopat i Prvi svjetski rat

Author(s): Ante Gverić / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 2/2019

This work first presents and analyses the ecclesiastical situation on the eve of World War I in the Austrian province of Dalmatia, where the Catholic Church was organised within the frame of the Zadar ecclesiastical province, which encompassed the Archdiocese of Zadar as well as the Dioceses of Šibenik, Split, Hvar, Dubrovnik, and Kotor. The relationship between Church and State based on the tenets of enlightened absolutism allowed the Church unrestricted activity, while the State in turn enjoyed the support of the Church. The Habsburg Monarchy, the largest Catholic state in Europe and embodied in the person of the emperor, was the strongest supporter and protector of Catholicism in Europe.Based on archival sources and the contemporaneous press, this paper presents the activities of Dalmatian bishops during World War I in view of their stance towards the Habsburg Monarchy and its war effort. The humanitarian and charity contribution of the Church in Dalmatia to a society afflicted by wartime adversities is also shown, as is its role in supporting the Monarchy and the emperor, expressed through various religious rites whose goal – apart from religious intentions – was to raise wartime morale and show uncompromising loyalty to the authorities.In the context of the political events of the last two years of the war (from the May Declaration of 1917 to the end of the war), the stances of priests and bishops towards political issues are analysed; significant differences in views have been detected. While the clergy expressed its clear support to the Croatian national political programme as set down in the May Declaration already in 1917, Dalmatian bishops did not make any public statements regarding this issue until the end of the war. Dalmatian metropolitan and Zadar archbishop Vinko Pulišić condemned the politics of national emancipation and was convinced that the political framework of Austria-Hungary offered the only guarantee of stability and prosperity. In contrast, the remaining Dalmatian bishops accepted the idea of national self-determination on the eve of the Monarchy’s collapse, and embraced the State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs, and later the unification with the Kingdom of Serbia.

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Kitap Değerlendirmeleri

Author(s): Sefa MERTEK / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 51/2019

Review of: Sefa MERTEK - İsmail Kurun. Siyasi İlahiyat: Liberalizmin Teolojik Kökenleri. Çev. Sefa Mertek. Ankara: Orion Kitabevi, 2018.

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AMBASADORI AI KAIROPRAXIEI. CAMINO DE SANTIAGO ADEVĂR ȘI ARMONIE ÎNTRE LIBERTATEA RELIGIOASĂ ȘI DEMNITATEA UMANĂ

Author(s): Anca Ursache Tcaciuc,Claudia Frățilă / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 1/2019

Santiago de Compostela was one of the most important Christian pilgrimages during the later Middle Ages, and a route on which a plenary indulgence could be earned; other major pilgrimage routes include the Via Francigena to Rome and that to Jerusalem. Over time, the pilgrimage has been more or less populated, but considerable efforts have been made in recent decades, communities in Europe and around the world have helped revitalize this sacred path in the shadow of the Milky Way, whereas proof of good practice. These manifestations of the communities and hundreds of thousands of pilgrims cannot be ignored, such efforts arousing the interest of the research and offering the project a scientific standard.Kairopraxis, intellectual property concept.The kairopraxis is based on the ancient greek notions of praxis which is activity, action; and Kairos, the divinity of Ancient Greece that symbolized the opportunity, the right moment to intervene in the field of temporality in order to strengthen the well target of action. The kairopraxis defines, qualifies those intentional actions developped in accordance with the moral laws; it validates the good in its pure essence, whether it bears the form of a profesional conduct, faithful to a deontology in question, or it is made anonymous in small steps in every day life in terms of meritorious acts, simple gesture of compasion, kindness, eliminating altogether that interest in the reprehensible sense of the term, these actions sum up the responsable and defining trajectories of the people in the evolution of society. (Ursache Tcaciuc, 2017. Studiu despre kairopraxie, concept registred to romanian copyright office, Nr. 6638/17.10.2017, based on law at the art. 148 alin. 1, Nr.8/1996).

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