Crkva u demokratskom društvu i demokracija u crkvama reformacijske baštine s naglaskom na Baptističku crkvu u RH

Author(s): Danijel Časni / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 1/2016

Democracy is a pluralist form of government where the decisions are made directly or indirectly through the majority of votes. This article deals with analyzing the correlation between the level of democracy in society and the level of democracy in managing local Baptist churches in the Baptist Union in Croatia, which is structurally based on a congregational model of management.

Како је Cрпска црква добила независност 1879. Године

Author(s): Mihailo Vojvodić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 50/2003

The struggle for the abolishment of the Turkish rule in Serbia and the establishment of the new independent Serbian state was followed at the same time by the endeavors of the Serbs to liberate their church from the domination of Greek bishops. With the recognition of the state autonomy to Serbia in 1830, the Serbian people acquired the freedom of religion and the possibility of choosing its own bishops. The autonomy of the Serbian Church was recognized by the treaty signed in 1831 between the Serbian Church and the Constantinople Patriarchate. This autonomy remained until 1878 when Serbian state independence was recognized, and it became obvious that the Serbian Church should gain independence too. The Serbian envoy in Constantinople received the instruction of his government in February 1879 to start the negotiations with the Constantinople Patriarchate on the granting of independence. The Patriarchate however raised various conditions that the Serbian Church must fulfill before the independence could be granted. Most of them were rejected by the Serbian envoy, which led to the dragging out of the negotiations. Finally in October 1879 by the Act of the Synod of the Constantinople Patriarchate the independence of the Serbian Church was recognized under certain conditions that did not question its authority in any way.

POTESTAS QUAERENS AUCTORITATEM. POLITINĖ TEOLOGIJA TARP HIERATEUMOS IR STRATEUMOS

Author(s): Raimondas Kazlauskas / Language(s): Lithuanian Issue: 41 (02)/2017

This article discusses the concept of the quality of being political and the relationship between power and authority. The theories of Carl Schmitt and Eric Voegelin were chosen as the main points of reference. Problems of the interaction of power and authority are discussed in the paper as well as the genesis of the quality of being political. The article attempts to prove that the phenomenon of power occurs in the Iron Age with the disappearance of the Eastern dominances. The prominence of a principle of supremacy of power becomes an issue when the authority, which demands hierarchy and alludes to the traditions of dominance, is sought to be eliminated.

Jihad as a Potential Security Threat in the Western Balkans Region

Author(s): Ljupka Petrevska,Marija Bulatović,Ivana Petrevska / Language(s): English Issue: 19/2017

Modern terrorism is very often associated with radical Islamist ideology which in the name of Islam uses the methods of jihad, or i.e.holy war. The Western Balkans is an area where such security risks are today perhaps the most present, because this part of Europe, due to the turbulent history of war and always dynamic relations among the Balkan nations, is widely seen as a “powder keg” or the “area of winds of history”. As a result of historical, geopolitical, geostrategic, ethnic and numerous other factors in the Western Balkan today one can find many bases Jihad, which are used for training and preparation of Islamist terrorists for everywhere in the world, but also pose a real threat to the security of the Western countries whose capacity to respond to that kind of threat, after the turbulent and war-torn nineties of the 20th century, is objectively insufficient.

МИЛ И КОНЗЕРВАТИВИЗАМ

Author(s): Miša Đurković / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 3/2004

The article is focused on discussion and presentation of Mill's ambivalent attitude towards conservatism. Author shows that Mill's classical liberalism is a sinthesis of earlier, one-sided liberalism and conservatism, of which he borrowed ideas of evolution, history, order, stability and nationality. Beside exploration of many concrete details in which one can see Mill's concurrent critisism and admiration od conservatism, great part of the article is dedicated to issue of religion as an important illustration of main thesis.

DOES RELIGIOUS FREEDOM WARRANT PROTECTION AS A FUNDAMENTAL HUMAN RIGHT?

Author(s): Frane Staničić / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2019

Religious freedom is, in various legal documents, stipulated as a fundamental legal right. The European Convention on Human Rights prescribes that everyone has the right to freedom of thought, conscience and religion. When we glance through the constitutions of countries of western legal order, we find that most of them prescribe freedom of religion as a fundamental right. However, there are authors who argue that freedom of religion does not warrant protection by a special right. Their principal argument is that the right to freedom of religion can be derived from more basic rights, and that this right should be protected as a right derived from such rights. The aim of this paper is to determine whether freedom of religion merits protection as a fundamental legal right or should it be protected as a derived right in which case it should be protected while protecting other fundamental rights such as the right to freedom of thought or conscience.

OSVRTI

Author(s): Dragoljub B. Đorđević / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 1-2/1983

Review of: Dragoljub B. Đorđević - Article of Miomir S. Naumović, "Funkcije religije i religijske birokratije", Marksističke teme, VI, 2/1982.

FENOMEN SEKULARIZACIJE I SOCIOLOGIJA

Author(s): Dragoljub B. Đorđević / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 3/1982

Prva karakteristika suvremenog sveta jeste svest o sekularnosti sveta. Suvremeno društvo je postiglo visok stepen profanacije, a današnji je čovek u svojoj biti sekularizirani čovek. Čovek se sve više »osvetovljuje« duboko uranjajući u rešavanje problematizovanih socijalnih situacija.

POLITICS, RELIGION AND GENDER. GOVERNING MUSLIM BODY COVERING IN EUROPE

Author(s): Nora Gresch,Birgit Sauer / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2012

Although the so-called "headscarf-issue" has been a topic of public discussions in European countries since the mid 1980s, the debates about Muslim body covering like the hijab, the burqa or the niqab have intensified since 2004 so that up to now, most European countries have actually regulated the wearing of Muslim body covering in the public sphere. The headscarf has become an arena of passionate controversies about politics of integration and religious and cultural differences. Most interestingly, these struggles are deeply connected to gender differences. It is the body of Muslim women that became a battlefield of conflicts over values and identity politics within these debates. Moreover, the controversies over the Muslim headscarf are part of identity politics of the majority society that is marking Muslim communities as the "other" by questioning the presence of Islamic symbols in the public sphere. In this paper we are interested in exploring the social and political meaning negotiated in the policy debates over veiling in selected European countries. We will argue that headscarf debates and policies negotiated a new concept of citizenship by legitimizing new requirements and preconditions for full citizenship rights. To lay out our argument we will point out the central elements of the citizenship narrations in the headscarf debates by drawing on the results of a gender-sensitive frame-analysis of policy documents that are written documents of the actors involved in headscarf debates from 1989 to 2007 in Austria, Denmark, France, Germany, the Netherlands, and the United Kingdom. These are countries that were analyzed in the research project VEIL "Values, Equality and Differences in Liberal Democracies. Debates about Muslim headscarves in Europe", funded by the 6th Framework Programme of the European Commission (please see http://www.veil-project.eu). We thus show that the headscarf debates re-draw the boundaries between public and private in contemporary western liberal democracies by relegating covered Muslim women to a newly constructed private sphere and institutionalizes specific body-characteristics as preconditions for belonging at the intersection of religion and gender.

Public Administration in the Islamic World: Considering the Importance of Religion, its Values and Culture

Author(s): Daniel Hummel / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2019

A small but growing area of public administration scholarship appreciates the influence of religious values on various aspects of government. This appreciation parallels a growing interest in comparative public administration and indigenized forms of government which recognizes the role of culture in different approaches to government. This article is at the crossroads of these two trends while also considering a very salient region, the Islamic world. The Islamic world is uniquely religious, which makes this discussion even more relevant, as the nations that represent them strive towards legitimacy and stability. The history and core values of Islam need to be considered as they pertain to systems of government that are widely accepted by the people. In essence, this is being done in many countries across the Islamic world, providing fertile grounds for public administration research from a comparative perspective. This paper explores these possibilities for future research on this topic.

ON THE ‘NEW PARADIGM OF CATHOLICISM’ AND ITS IMPACT ON THE POLITICAL THEORY AND SOCIO-POLITICAL ENGAGEMENT OF THE CATHOLIC CHURCH

Author(s): Michał Gierycz / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2019

The starting point for this analysis is based on two phenomena. The first one is Pope Francis’ commitment to political issues, which is considerably stronger than that of any other post-conciliar popes. The second one is the statement made by the card. P. Parolin, Vatican Secretary of State, claiming, in the context of moral theology, that Pope Francis is carrying forward a ‘new paradigm of Catholicism’. The aim of this paper is to find the answer to the question about the potential consequences of ‘a new paradigm’ for the Catholic political theory and socio-political engagement of the Church. In the course of analysis the author shows that the potential ‘new paradigm’ would be destructive for the entire, carefully elaborated, post-conciliar concept of metapolitical commitment of the Church.

THE LIBERATION THEOLOGY AND MARXISM: THE EXPLANATION OF SOME MYTHS

Author(s): Solveiga Krūmiņa-Koņkova / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2019

The liberation theology is one of the most prominent cases where the socio-political and religious ideas have been intertwined so tightly that it has allowed defining its activities as both a religious and a socio-political movement. The article will give a brief insight into the history of liberation theology, with more attention to the early stages of its formation, the documents adopted at the Medellin Conference. The attitude of liberation theology and its representatives to the Marxist ideology and relations with the left wing movements in Latin America is also highlighted.

«Офицер церкви» в условиях антирелигиозной политики Cоветского государства: подвиг исповедничества омского священника В.Ф.Инфантьева

Author(s): A. V. Sushko / Language(s): Russian Issue: 28/2019

Archival materials on the criminal case against Omsk priest V.F. Infantev provides potentially important insights into political repression in the USSR. Because the reliability of various documents in this case might not be of equal validity, it is necessary initially to assess the accuracy of these documents. Information on this priest’s pre-revolutionary life, as well as his religious activities and fight against Renovationism, is beyond doubt and allows for a sufficiently detailed reconstruction of the main milestones of his biography. In contrast, testimonies of witnesses for the prosecution, especially OGPU informers following the instructions of the detectives, are doubtful, as they are suspiciously connected with topics relevant to the authorities and in a short time were refined to the kind required by higher KGB leadership. Infantiev’s execution was not a due to “anti-Revolution propaganda,” as according to the prosecution, but because of his persistent activity defending dogmatic Orthodox faith against Renovationists, supported by OGPU, who tried to use Renovationists to discredit and corrupt the Russian Orthodox church. The article raises the importance of prosographic research of ordinary priests in 1920s and 1930s, as those people backed the independence of Russian Orthodox church during Stalinism.

ASPECTE COMPLEMENTARE PRIVIND LIBERTATEA RELIGIOASĂ ASUPRA STUDIULUI ,,CETĂȚENIA MULTICULTURALĂ - UN MODEL OPERAȚIONALIZABIL ÎN ROMÂNIA” ÎN VIZIUNEA LUI WILL KYMLICKA

Author(s): Ioan Liviu Tăut / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 1/2017

The author proposes an analysis of the concepts of multicultural citizenship, of multicultural liberalism, and also of the theory of multicultural citizenship developed by Will Kymlicka. Also, Wil Kymlicka challenges the ethnic and cultural neutrality of the modern state, considering that it cannot remain indifferent towards the social culture/cultures existing on its territory. The analysis will highlight the fundamental freedoms, including freedom of religion.

LIBERTATEA ÎN CETATEA GREACĂ

Author(s): Anca Ursache Tcaciuc,Claudia Frățilă / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 1/2017

Historically, the idea of freedom originates in the beginning of times, as being strongly emphasized in Greek mithology, providing lessons and conclusions interfering with modern society. It is amazing how such a journey on the wings of time. Ignoring any local aspect, we notice human natural tribulations have always existed, and great efforts have been made, most often with material and imaterial sacrifices, but especially human. The transition from “fortress” to “society” constitutes an extremely vast and complex topic, each of them having its strengths and weaknesses, according to each individual’s principles. What is certain, is that freedom is inherent to the human being, and forfeiting it means “to renounce your liberty is to renounce your status as a man, your rights as a human being, and even your duties as a human being. There can’t be any way of compensating someone who gives up everything. Such a renunciation is incompatible with man’s nature; to remove all freedom from his will is to remove all morality from his actions.”

CULTURA ORGANIZAȚIONALĂ ȘI LIBERTATEA RELIGIOASĂ

Author(s): Mihai Covaci / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 1/2017

The current social and religious context to claim understanding the many of aspects that require assessment in the understanding and definition of religious freedom. The society is made up of multiple organizational structures and each of us is part of a multitude of organizations, implicitly living in the confluence of innumerable types of organizational cultures in addition to major national, regional or world cultures. This multiple and complex framework tends to be approached from a unitary perspective. However, complexities arising from different cultural structures require creative and adaptable solutions for expression and freedom of religion.

Libertatea religioasă și de conștiință în mentalitatea publică

Author(s): Dragoș Mușat,Gabriel Ișvan,Sergiu Macovei,Petre Niță,Dănuț Obăgeanu,Mihai Miron / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 1/2017

FREEDOM OF RELIGION IN THE CONTEXT OF SOCIAL SECURITY. AN OVERVIEW OF THE EUROPEAN LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK

Author(s): Corina Turșie / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2017

In this article I explore the European law associated to the concepts of freedom of religion and social security. I start by presenting the utilization of the two terms from the most broadly international documents in the field of human rights, until the EU primary law; then I describe the content of the EU secondary law in this field – the Equality Directives; in the final part of the paper I focus on the implementation of the Equal Employment Directive by EU Member States. I offer an overview of the current legislative framework of EU countries, in areas related to freedom of religion and employment. My focus is on the challenges to the non- discrimination principle caused by three of its exceptions: occupational requirements, liberties of ethos based organizations and positive measures. This paper underscores the existence of different forms of transposition of the EU Directives, due to their minimalistic character, with interesting case laws emerging from here.

RELIGIOUS FREEDOM IN TIMES OF WAR

Author(s): Ligia-Roxana Rotaru / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2017

War is a conflict spanning over a certain period of time in order to defend various interests. Religious freedom, on the other hand, is the fundamental right that guarantees one’s freedom to act according to their own conscience, the interior forum of ideas and concepts, even in times of war. A central figure of natural law theories, Hugo Grotius claims that God, the Creator, endowed each individual with will and reason, and therefore these rights should be defended and respected. An example of what happens when this right to freedom of religion and belief is defended regardless of the situation is the American conscientious objector hero Desmond Doss, awarded with the Congressional Medal of Honor for acts of valor.

RELIGIOUS FREEDOM AND THE ROMANIAN COLLECTIVE MINDSET

Author(s): Iulia Drăghici / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2017

In an age when collective rights and liberties have become more meaningful and important than the rights and liberties of the individual, the study of religious freedom in the collective mentality of a nation proves to be a challenging pursuit. The paper tackles the idea that the vacuum of genuine values and the absence of a balanced collective mind set based on tolerance, self-respect and respect of the other provides the stage for the reiteration of the atrocities of totalitarianism.