Slovanské spisovné mikrojazyky

Author(s): Julia Dudašova- Kriššakova / Language(s): Slovak Issue: 1/2016

During last four decades a new group of Slavonic languages was formed in Slavistics: Standard Slavonic Languages (славянские литературные микроязыки). This term was intruduced into Slavonic language science by a Russian Slavonist A. Dulicenko and it is used to mark languages of ethnic minorities, which were codified at the end of the last century and at the beginning of this century after sociopolitical changes in Central, Southern and Eastern Europe and after following desintegration offederated state formations into national languages, within which new minority languages were formed. We consider as Standard Slavonic micro-languages those ones, which have got the status of standard languages and which were used in education, literature, theatre, media and ecclesiastical spheres. The oldest Slavonic microlanguage is Vojvodine Ruthenianas a language of Vojvodian Ruthenians in Vojvodine in Serbia (1974). On the second place there is (Carpathian) Ruthenian as a standard language of the Ruthenians in Carpatian region: in Slovakia (1995), in Poland (2009), in Carpathian Ukraine [there was not yet officially declared status of standard language) and in Hungary (revitalisation is going on)], Kabushian language in Poland (2005), Bosnian language (1995), Montenegro language (2007). In western Poland, in region of Upper Silesia so called (Upper) Silesian „etnolekt“ is being formed, which is used as communication means in common communication, in literature and in some printed media. The research problem of these Standard Slavonic microlanguages is also dealt with by Commission for language contacts at the International committee of Slavonists, which organizes international congresses of Slavists every five years.

Отново за тъжедството и разликите в родствени езици (частиците в словашки и в български език)

Author(s): Dobrina Daskalova,Rastislav Chapak / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2016

The purpose of the comparative research ofparticles in two related systems, through a comparison based on richer and more various materials, is to outline and analyze part of the current problems, which have not been solved explicitly in linguistic literature. The emphasis is placed on the characteristics and realization of the pragmatic particles in Bulgarian and Slovak languages.

Словашко-български езикови паралели в пуристичен ракурс в епохата на Възраждането

Author(s): Nadka Nikolova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2016

The article presents a short review of standard language situations in Slovak and Bulgarian languages during the time of the National Revival in a purist close-up. Purist ideas, implemented at the formation of both standard languages are compared, as common and different features are emphasized.

Предложните конструкции в българския и словашкия език в контекста на чуждоезиковото обучение: еквивалентност и езикова асиметрия

Author(s): Nikolay Nikolov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2016

The proposed analysis of the equivalent and asymmetric prepositional constructions in Slovak and Bulgarian languages would help students acquire theoretical and practical knowledge related to the rationalization of the preposition as a semantic-syntactic unit in two related languages. The presentation focuses on the consistency in the utilization of genetic and typological prepositional constructions of the type Verb - Praep - Sub, Sub{ - Praep - Sub2, Praep - Sub. Such an approach would cultivate students’ appercepiant ability in overcoming interference in the field of the proposed systems of the two Slavic languages, so that the developed linguistic competence would promote the conscious choice of preposition / prepositional construction in the flow of speech in natural Bulgarian communicative environment.

За една архаична езикова особеност в славянския превод на „История на юдейската война” от Йосиф Флавий според Архивския хронограф

Author(s): Aneta Tihova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2016

The article examines dualis usage in names in “A History of the Judaic War” by Joseph Flavius according to the Archivski chronograph. As a result of the findings, it is determined that in the examined work there is a well-organized system of dual forms in names. It turns out that out of the total 126 uses of dualis forms in names nouns take up the largest portion - 52%, 34% are the pronouns, 9% are the numerals and 5% - the adjectives. The specific features which characterize the dualis use in the examined work are identical to the specificity of its usage during the Old Bulgarian period of language development. This supports the hypothesis that the Slavonic translation of the text was made at the time of Tsar Simeon’s Golden Age.

„Бомжевая“ метафора: штрихи к образу России

Author(s): Elena Stoyanova / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/2016

The article examines homeless metaphor in Russian media discourse. This metaphor is perceived as the element of Russia’s image. The main tasks of the article are to identify source of metaphors in the framework of modern linguistic- cultural situation, and also to analyze the development of metaphorical image in the context of changes of lexico-grammatical semantics and connotation of the lexeme homeless.

Межславянская языковая интерференция в учебной коммуникации (из опыта преподавания РКИ в словацкой аудитории)

Author(s): Vera Alekseyevna Kosova,Drahomira Sabolova / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/2016

The paper focuses on the description of the specific features of interslavonic language interference. The numerous cases of interference in oral and written speech of the Slovak students studying Russian serve the object of analysis. There have been revealed several types of interference typical of the educational communication process. Then we concentrate on the detailed study of interference on lexical and phraseological level with revealing the reasons of such speech mistakes.

Колороним „синий“ в составе фразеологических единиц и иных устойчивых словосочетаний в компаративном русско-словацком плане

Author(s): Darina Antoňáková / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/2016

The article deals with phraseology in a wide and narrow grasping of the term. The author divides the group of phraseological units and other set phrases based on colournym “blue” and “azure”. The author works with the fundamental characteristics of the colour, its transfer and symbolic meaning. The work is in russian- slovak comparative plan.

Стратегия псевдо-непринятия комплимента в русской и украинской лингвокультурах

Author(s): Natalia Kravchenko / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/2016

This paper examines the most common compliment responses given in informal situations. The special attention is paid to the strategy of the “pseudo non-acceptance exaggerating a complimented characteristic” viewed as an ethno- specific communicative convention in the Russian and Ukrainian linguocultures. The study integrates a conversation analytic methodology with pragmatic and cognitive approaches to a dialogical discourse analysis. The manipulator aspect of the revealed strategy is related to semantic moves of the «apparent refutation” and “apparent justification”, implementing a logical model of “agreement under the guise of rejection”. In the context of the Grice’s theory the “pseudo non-acceptance” strategy flouts all Cooperative Maxims causing an implicature of agreement and intensification of the complimented characteristic. In an aspect of the “face and politeness theory” the analyzed reaction expresses a negative politeness strategy and the Maxim of modesty implicitly violated by pseudo nature of non-acceptance. In ethnolinguistic conceptual perspective a non-acceptance strategy is explained by the ambivalence of the concept of modesty implicating a dichotomous reaction to the compliment: the propositional level explicates a meaning of “non¬acceptance”, supporting the maxim of modesty, and the illocutionary level provides an acceptance strategy while intensifying a positive characteristic. In a logical aspect the analyzed strategy is viewed as an antiphrasis implicature with implicit meaning (intensified agreement) directly opposed to an explicated propositional disagreement. The article also explores the logical-semantic, logical and conversational- analytical parameters of the compliment’s “pseudo non-acceptance” strategy.

Езикът на българските етнографски общности в Шуменско

Author(s): Krasimira Koleva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2016

Shumen region is a center of the relatively compact Moesian dialects. As a result of lengthy migration - old and new - the population is mixed. Old Moesian population lives compactly in a limited number of settlements, mainly in Surt area. An object of the analysis is the language of the not autochthonous Bulgarian population in Shumen region, where the linguistic situation is quite complicated because of the great diversity of common dialect types and ethnographic diverse communities. Settlers from the Balkan Mountains region, Thrace, Macedonia and Western Bulgarian periphery have come here at different times since 1878. Data from the survey of villages with mixed population can illuminate the important issue of sustainability and dynamics of language as well as interference dialect level. Bulgarian ethnographic communities settled compactly in Shumen region, are Mountaineers, Thracians, Rodophians, Macedonians, Shoppes, Bulgarians from Western periphery. In confessional terms, they belong to two communities: Orthodox Christians (predominant number) and Muslims (Pomaks) - Rhodopians and part of the Macedonians. The dialects, which is a carrier this population as a result of the prolonged stay at the new location are two types: transient and mixed. Transitional dialects are spoken, which according to modern science elements of a speech penetrated another speech and function as a system. Mixed dialects are spoken formations in which the respective characteristics of two or more parallel speech function uniquely or changed, or some of them - half-reserved. In this regard the linguistic situation in Shumen area is the exclusive breeding territory.

Турцизмите в българския книжовен език с оглед на стила

Author(s): Albena Baeva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2016

The article explores the Turkish loanwords in Bulgarian literary language in terms of stylistic behavior. The manifestation of their stylistic colour occurs under the stylistic contrast. In the absence of stylistic contrast we can talk about stylistic neutrality of Turkish loanwords.

От универсални магазини към молове – имената на търговските центрове в България

Author(s): Patryk Borowiak,Andrzej Sieradzki / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2016

The article presents the names of shopping centers in Bulgaria and their general classification. It refers to the history of the shopping centers in Bulgaria and their counterparts from historic times. It also shows the idea behind the name of one of the major shopping centres in Europe, the Shopping, Arts and Business Center „Stary Browar“ in Poznan.

Някои видове експресивни лексеми като средства на езиковата стилистика в комедиографията на Бранислав Нушич

Author(s): Vyara Naydenova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2016

The review of expressive lexis in the discussed comedies of Nusic reveals that as stylistic devices of humor are usedpejoratives, which prevail in terms of quantity, as well as hypochoristics, diminutives and augmentatives. Expressive forms in the language of Branislav Nusic in his comedies from the end of 19th - first decades of 20th century, play a significant stylistic role in depicting the era and characters and creating a number of verbal comic, ironic and satirical effects. What is important and valid for the style of the Serbian writer of comedies, strongly influenced by the colloquial language, is the conclusion that the author deliberately resorts not only to more numerous and more frequent use of negative expressive forms, but also to their strengthening and exaggeration, while at the same time he is considerably more moderate in expressing a positive evaluation and using positive expressive forms, mainly with a familiar connotation.

Meranie Voice Onset Time slovenských explozív

Author(s): Marianna Kraviarová / Language(s): Slovak Issue: 1/2016

We investigated VOTparameter of Slovak oral voiced and voiceless stop consonants in initial and intervocalic word position by analyzing the speech recordings from national radio station Ràdio Slovensko. Next, we tried to find relation between the stops and the place of articulation and we examined the dependence of following vocal. We pointed out the tendency to increase VOT before high vocals. Finally, we examined whether gender affects the parameter VOT. Though female VOT is higher than male, it is not a statistically significant indicator in this research sample.

Героят в преосъществяванията на човека

Author(s): Hristo Trendafilov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2016

The article examines the cultural-historical dimensions of the hero’s Grave. Special attention is paid to the graves of the princess - Baptist of the Slavic peoples and especially to the Baptist of Bulgaria - Boris-Mihail. The relation between a real and a symbolic grave is underlined through numerous examples.

Петър Черноризец и патристичната проповедническа традиция

Author(s): Greta Stoyanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2016

The text is devoted to the Old Bulgarian author of 10th century - Peter Chernorizets, and it offers some initial research on the impact of patristic preaching tradition and in particular John Chrysostom’s influence on Peter Chernorizets’ work. There is also a comment on the rhetorical techniques in Peter Chernorizets’ works, and conclusions about the dissemination of his words in the manuscript books and incunabula.

Славянската старопечатна книга

Author(s): Desislava Ivanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2016

The article finds some evidence for first Bulgarian incunabula. This is the book „Oktoih“ created by the Polish printer Svaipold Feel in 1491. The next part of article present theactivity of the Bulgarian printer Jakov Krajkov. He worked in Venice during the late XVI century (European Renaissance) while numerous and various cultural trends and phenomena were mixed up. His printed books, used by the Bulgarians, are the living proof of the Renaissance’s influence on the Eastern culture.

Концептът за участието на Св. Св. Кирил и Методий в българското покръстване във възрожденската ни историография (XIX век)

Author(s): Iveta Rasheva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2016

The Renaissance is that period of our history when the idea of time is changing. It is not a constant anymore. The Bulgarians want change. More like an outside expression of change. Because the inside change is already there. The moral and the moral priorities are changing. The nation is being born and it’s being emancipated. The first corpus (of compilation texts by Paisius, Yeromonah Spiridon and the anonymous compiler of the Zographian history) is a particular mythocompiler. “Slavonic-Bulgarian history” represents St. Methodius as khan Boris’s spiritual teacher. This is a mythology that “legitimizes” past events. The reborning nation is rewriting its history hard, while at least leaving one real event in it and builds the fable around it. St. Methodius is referred to as the direct baptiser of the Bulgarians in the bigger part of the works of the modern Bulgarian historiographers of the 19th century. This can lead us to the indisputable conclusion that, to our Renaissance historiographers until the Liberation, the future liberation (Bulgaria is under Turkish rule) relies on the authority of Cyril and Methodius and the pride of their great deed.

Beroe als militärisches Zentrum in der mittelbyzantinischen Zeit – Ein Beitrag zur Verwaltungsgeschichte

Author(s): Alexandra-Kyriaki Wassiliou-Seibt / Language(s): German Issue: 5/2018

The article presents all available information concerning the military position of Beroe/Beroia (modern Stara Zagora) during the middle-Byzantine period – Byzantine seals play a decisive role. Beroe became a thema with a strategos at top after emperor Ioannes Tzimiskes had occupied territories which had been lost in former times to the Bulgars. Already in the Taktikon Escorial (971-975) this strategos is mentioned. The seal of a Michael β. σπαθαροκανδιδᾶτος καὶτουρμάρχης Βερόης stems from this time, not from the early 11th century, as former editors had assumed. Soon afterwards the region was again lost to the Bulgars under Samuel Komitopoulos, but AD 1000 the Byzantine army under Basil II could win again the regions till the Haimos mountains. Soon afterwards Ioseph β. πρωτοσπαθάριος and Andronikos β. πρωτοσπαθάριος – were strategoi of Beroe (in former times these seals were dated too early). The seal of Romanos μάγιστρος, βέστης καὶ κατεπάνω Βεροίης is the unique source documenting the upgrading of Beroe into a dukate/katepanate after the middle of the 11th century.

Contributors to the volume

Author(s): / Language(s): English Issue: 5/2018