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Analýza nabídky bankovních produktů pro subjekty veřejné správy v regionech

Author(s): Jan Krajíček / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

The financial sector is undoubtedly a major impact on the economic development of regions. It cannot forget the influence of the state, and particularly the state budget subsidies from the European Union, from which also financed numerous municipal projects, regional development, but the effect of the financial sector is indispensable. For support for regional development of the financial sector (especially banks) must be considered not only the provision of funds in the form of loans to municipalities directly, but also ensure that payments and other financial services to municipalities and last but not least, for the further development of business activities, which are then reflected in developing regions.

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Politicization of Civil Service in Slovakia: Case Study of Selected Ministries in 2004-2014

Author(s): Naďa Adamicová,Katarina Staronova / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Politicization of top civil service in Central and Eastern Europe has been discussed among both academics and practitioners for some time now. It has been concluded that the politicization of civil servants has resurged since the accession into the EU, which has lead to a great deal of uncertainty among civil service. Nevertheless, the evidence on turnover is mostly stemming from interviews and expert survey since CEE countries lack basic data on HR functions. This paper wants to address this gap and looks into turnover data [both scope and depth) among top civil service officials at the six Slovak ministries between 2004 and 2014. During this period, the Slovak government was completely changed three times.

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Hungary’s central state administration 1990-2014

Author(s): Éva Kovács,György Hajnal / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Currently there are no published attempts at giving an overarching overview of central governmental reforms of the past quarter century of post-transition development in Hungary. The study wishes to contribute to filling this gap by offering a systematic overview of central state administration reforms in the period between 1990 and 2014. The study relies overwhelmingly on a systematic review of existing literature describing individual reform measures and shorter time periods; an additional empirical basis is a selection of key pieces of legislation and policy documents relevant to central state administration reforms.

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Developments and Reforms in Public Administration in Slovak Republic (Critical assessment of selected implemented NPM tools)

Author(s): Jana Masárová,Eva Koišová,Beáta Mikušová Meričková,Mária Murray Svidroňová / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Public administration in organizational terms of administrative structure can be understood as a set of public institutions. In terms of the definition of the competencies of public institutions, it can be understood as a set of processes that these public organizations carry out. If the public administration is to function effectively, then both organizational and procedural aspects of public administration must be in line. Public administration reform should mainly aim to achieve such compliance by changes in "the structure and procedural practices of public administration in order to streamline the activities of these organizations." (Pollitt - Bouckaert, 2000, p. 8). The major moments of changes in the organizational level of public administration in Slovakia are captured in the first two subsections of this chapter (1.1 Description of public administration prior transition in 1989 and 1.2 Development of Public Administration after transition).

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Public administration reforms in Visegrad countries: “two steps forward – one step back” processes (?)

Author(s): Juraj Nemec,David Špaček,Vladimír Tiutiuriukov / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The starting point for all the countries in 1989 was similar – the need to create the foundations for a new democratic model of public administration in all four countries. Changes in this period were intended to overcome and eliminate the shortcomings of centralized control of state administration. This period was characterized by the creation of a new set of state institutions corresponding to the requirements of liberal democratic principles. The political, legislative, and economic changes also required transformation regarding the perception of its role, activities of executive apparatus and institutions, nature and quality of public administration employees, and effectiveness of their work. During certain period after first dramatic changes realized especially in 1990-1991 in all the countries the focus was on fine-tuning new structures and mechanisms, and new major changes came only significantly later – differently for each country. In the following text we describe country by country what happened in next phases of PARs.

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Programy przebudowy miast wobec wyzwań społecznych, ekonomicznych i środowiskowych kształtowania terenów zurbanizowanych

Author(s): Anna Bernaciak,Alona Revko / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

Purpose: The main aim of the study is to depict the characteristics of some of the most common concepts of urban reconstruction (compact city, sustainable city, smart city, as well as their hybrids), present practical aspects of the indicated urban policies and attempt to verify their implementation. Design/methodology/approach: The study is based on the presentation of selected theoretical concepts. In the empirical part, the authors use the method of case studies, presenting the effects of municipal investments and practical obstacles occurring during their implementation. They form assessments based on current media reports, articles in specialist press, as well as statements made by residents. Findings: Contemporary cities are spaces of various challenges that become sources of conflicts as well as places of unmet needs and unfulfilled ambitions. Although the decision-makers make their decisions in connection with these challenges, their interventions are not always effective. The concepts of a compact city, a smart city and a sustainable city serve as recipes for the problems of modern cities: both the short-term ones and those which require shaping a comprehensive policy for the development of cities and urban areas. However, cities are not always properly diagnosed, and local authorities often lack specialists who could consciously and skilfully propose an optimal therapy. Originality and value: The study presents an original analysis of selected case studies which relate to the shaping of the space of Polish cities. The study focuses on the challenges of shaping urban areas in relation to contemporary trends in city planning and design determined by the importance of such issues as the quality of life of residents, the quality of space, its democratisation and sustainability, the presence of art, closed circulation or the use of modern technology and creativity in the process of managing modern cities and their space.

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Javne nabavke i medijsko oglašavanje organa javne uprave

Author(s): Jovana Marović / Language(s): Montenegrine Publication Year: 0

Sistem javnih nabavki u Crnoj Gori je uspostavljen 2001. godine, ali je u normativnom i institucionalnom smislu unaprijeđen 2006.godine kada je usvojen drugi zakonski okvir. Potpuno razdvajanje nadležnosti i pozicioniranje institucija u sistemu postignuto je važećim Zakonom o javnim nabavkama koji je usvojen 2011. godine. Zakon uvodi bitne novine koje se odnose na povećanje transparentnosti objavljivanjem svih planova, kao i poziva i ugovora na portalu javnih nabavki. Ipak, ovaj Zakon uključuje i manjkave odredbe o antikorupcijskim pravilima i sukobu interesa i ne usklađuje u potpunosti postupke s acquisjem, u prvom redu šoping metodu. Institucionalni okvir obuhvata Upravu za javne nabavke koja vrši monitoring nad primjenom Zakona, kao i upravne i stručne poslove u oblasti javnih nabavki, dok Državna komisija za kontrolu postupaka javnih nabavki odlučuje po žalbama učesnika u postupku.

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Bank w działalności jednostek samorządowych

Author(s): Janina Kotlińska / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

Adequate financial resources are needed to enable local government units to carryout their tasks effectively. An important partner of the local government units is therefore the Bank, which has a corresponding offer. The aim of the study is to diagnose the extent of cooperation between self-governing units and banks over 30 years of activity of local authorities in Poland, on the basis of financial data that illustrate the extent of their demand for the services provided by banks in the context of their growing range of tasks, including chronologically: the emergence of new levels and self-governing units in 1999; Poland’s accession to the EU in 2004, the JST’s obligation to produce a multiannual financial forecast from 2010 onwards; introduction of an individual debt ceiling for JST from 2014

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POLITIKA PREMA BOSANSKOHERCEGOVAČKIM OPŠTINAMA I OPŠTINE PREMA POLITICI U KRALJEVINI SRBA, HRVATA I SLOVENACA

Author(s): Seka Brkljača / Language(s): Bosnian Publication Year: 0

U svom prilogu autorica prikazuje kakvu je politiku prema lokalnim organima uprave (općinama-općinskim vijećima) vodila vlada Kraljevine Jugoslavije i kakve im je ovlasti davala. Ukazuje na činjenicu da općine nisu bile organi lokalne vlasti nego jednostavna dopuna za upravne organe države sa veoma malim ovlastima, malim teritorijama i brojem stanovnika i nedovoljnim sredstvima za rad. Takva politika je imala odraza i na stajališta građana prema vladajućim snagama države.

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SOCIOEKONOMICKÉ BARIÉRY ROZVOJE CESTOVNÍHO RUCHU V REGIONECH

Author(s): Jan Holeček,Iva Galvasová / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

The article will present partial results from the first two phases of working on a project called "Research socioeconomic potential tourism" (TB010MMR030). This project is funded by the Technology Agency of the Czech Republic for the purpose of carrying out their program of public procurement in research, experimental development and innovation for the government (BETA). The aim of the project is to identify the main barriers endogenous tourism development and design of tools and mechanisms that will lead to more efficient processes in the tourist destination regions. The project focuses on the following topics: 1. Socio-economic structure of the local population and its impact on the activities and processes within the region. 2. Business activity within the region - the structure, the intensity of cooperation. 3. Destination management and activities of the public sector - a tool implementation of state and regional tourism policy.

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Tools for Official Relations in Public Activity - Disparities in Good Administrative Behaviour

Author(s): Camelia Daciana Stoian,Cristian Măduța / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The present research aims at the need to take up the example of the provisions of the European Code of Good Administrative Behaviour at the level of public administration of the member countries. In fact, the activities performed by civil servants or contractual staff in the public power regime, more precisely in the segment of law enforcement, in the segment of public service provision, have the same legal regime seen through the angle of interest of the citizen of the same member state as the citizen of the Union, or of any legal person. Any communication at official level has as its central point certain principles and limits imposed for reasons of private interest and categorical public interest. However, employees of the national public administration, viewed individually in conjunction with their own duties, have not implemented the procedural principles set out in the practice of the Court of Justice of the European Union with regard to 'limits' and do not have a methodology to follow in identifying a balance between the permitted degree of transparency of their work in relation to citizens' requests. At the same time, the way of decent expression of the justified impartial attitude in the legal and efficient solution of requests in the daily work with the public, has not implemented the standards of good administrative conduct aimed at guaranteeing the efficiency of the work and the quality of public service at the same time. The implications of this study aim to outline the essence of the obligation to adopt a Code of Good Administrative Behaviour at the level of each Member State, based on the citizen's right to good administration, on the case law of national and European courts and on the practical explanation of convergent coordinating lines such as, for example: legality and proportionality or the clear absence of abuse of power and honesty.

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Digital Economy Law a Reality Manifested in Legal Reports of Production, Commerce, Services and Public Administration

Author(s): Manole Decebal Bogdan / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Online transactions are a certainty of the moment in all social and economic fields. Digital economy has been part of everyday normality for a long time. The legislation that regulates legal relations is not updated and there is no clear perspective by which to confirm the imposition of "digital economy law" in society. The acts of commerce, services, and production in which the digital society participates (hard, software, networks and augmented reality) develop, in themselves, a number of legal subjects and a large palette of contractual or tortious civil responsibilities that do not have a clear regulation. Through this research, we are trying to launch a current and forward-looking topic to the public professional debate to lay the foundations for the "Digital Economy Right". The research methods used are observation of flows and case studies of "artificial intelligence" used through software in the private and public economy; reporting of legal subjects involved in legal relations to the legal norm. The implications of the study are relevant for the whole society, but also for legal professionals. The results constitute benchmarks for the debate and drafting of the future legal norms necessary to harmonize the international legislation of classical law with the law of artificial intelligence.

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Digital Identity as the Element of Concept of Service-Oriented State

Author(s): Vira Tokareva / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The aim of this paper is to consider the digital identity as a key element of the service-oriented state (e-governance). In the first section the background of developing the service-oriented state in the EU and Ukraine are discussed. It has been established that with the spread of Covid-19, The Government of Ukraine declared on course towards of paperless public services. Due to the full-scale escalation of conflict between the Russian Federation and Ukraine on February 24, 2022, the Government of Ukraine speed- up the processes of transforming public administrative services into e-services. Digital identity is supposed to be one of the elements of e-governance alongside with remote identification (biometric authentication), the digital money, secure payments and online banking etc. In the second section the category of digital identity and close related categories are revealed. The differences between digital identity, digital profile (account), avatar and electronic entity are proved. On the basis of the conducted research, the features and constituent elements of digital identity were determined and proposals were developed to improve the legislation in Ukraine. The necessity to study the digital identity as the essential component of service-oriented state, online banking, e-commerce and in light of the War in Ukraine and seeking way of renovation legislation is founded.

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Geografie bariér

Author(s): Veronika Kotýnková Krotká,Hana Porkertová,Robert Osman / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

The first chapter of the book has multiple goals. It introduces the topics and the chosen title Geography of Barriers and discusses why it is important to study it. It shows how the above-mentioned accessibility of space, services and information depends on various types of barriers. Their influence on policies of accessibility in public space frames the whole book. Thinking about barriers is not limited to the dimension of streets or squares, but considers the broader meaning of barriers: in public buildings, institutions, services, websites, information systems, applications, etc. A barrier does not have to be material, it can be of social, communication, or technological nature. Our book distinguishes among three types of barriers. The first type is represented by those annoying material high curbs, missing guide, unlabeled earthwork, etc.—i.e., the barriers of our everyday life. When talking about examples of removing the first type of barriers, we already consider the second type—so-called political barriers one encounters in the introduction of policies of accessibility. The last type of barriers is devoted only peripheral attention, being represented by so-called post-socialist barriers, i.e., barriers stemming from the meaning of disability in a post-socialist society.

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Financial resources of local government units in respect of the financial perspective of the European Union

Author(s): Ewa Gubernat / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Finance is the basis for the implementation of public tasks and determines the conditions of local economic development. One of the key issues relevant for local and regional development is the local government unit’s capacity in investment activities. They are the most important category of beneficiaries of EU funds. Based on literature review, I have posed the following research hypothesis: there are four key indicators that determine the absorption capacity of the local government units as a beneficiary of EU funds. I have also analysed the relationship between total budget revenue, budget expenditure, results achieved and debt. I have found that: absorption capacity is closely correlated between the financial condition and the state of local finances, what means that changing in the financial system of local governments units does not affect the absorption capacity and can significantly reduce it. Data were obtained from the GUS Local Data Bank and studies by the Ministry of Finance, as well as data from the National Regional Councils of the Accounting Chamber, covering years 2007-2013.

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ENVIRONMENTÁLNA INFRAŠTRUKTÚRA – REGIONÁLNE DISPARITY A ICH RIEŠENIE NÁSTROJMI POLITIKY SÚDRŽNOSTI EU 2007-2013 NA SLOVENSKU

Author(s): Angelika ŠVECOVÁ,Eva RAJČÁKOVÁ / Language(s): Slovak Publication Year: 0

Slovakia lags far behind the developed EU countries in environmental infrastructure facilities and municipal waste management. Cohesion policy 2007-2013 represented an important tool for improving the quality and completion of environmental infrastructure in the regions of Slovakia. The paper pointed out the regional disparities by selected components of environmental infrastructure, waste production and management, and evaluated the contribution of cohesion policy 2007-2013 to their mitigation on the example of Slovakia and its regions. The standard method - Gini coefficient was used to determine regional disparities followed by comparative methods for the development of selected indicators in 2007 and 2015 and the contribution of EU cohesion policy 2007-2013. The development of environmental infrastructure has been supported from the Operational Program Environment, priority axes 1 and 4, in the total financing 831.5 million Eur. Efficient use of EU funds have contributed to the increase the share of the population connected to the water and sewage network, separation and recovery of municipal waste, remediation of environmental burdens and recultivation of landfill sites. In the reporting period, the regional disparities have mitigated according to the analyzed indicators in all regions of Slovakia.

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MALÁ OBEC JAKO PÓL ROZVOJE: ODRAZ PRŮMYSLOVÉ ZÓNY V KVASINÁCH V REGIONU

Author(s): Ondřej Konečný,Michal Ševčík,Milan Damborský / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

The paper focuses on the industrial zone in Kvasiny (Hradec Kralove), where one of the most important companies operating in the Czech Republic - Skoda Auto, is located. Although Kvasiny is rather a small village, the industrial zone has become an important source of jobs in the region. Therefore, the aim of the presented paper is to capture the importance and impact of the zone on selected socio-economic characteristics of the territory. Local importance (the municipalities of Kvasiny and Solnice) and also regional importance is evaluated. The territory of regional importance is set with regard to workers commuting to the factory, and is evaluated in two areas - the core and extended area. The development of selected characteristics is monitored in the years 2010-2016. The results have revealed that both the actual scope of the enterprise at the local level and the automotive industry in the region can be considered as elements constituting a pole of development and driving industries. On the other hand, despite the situation of the territory in the labour market is very positive, statistics on housing development and the dynamics of population and its structure do not support such positive trends. It is therefore impossible to speak of the positive image of the region as regards the residential function of the area.

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IMPLEMENTACE INTEGROVANÝCH NÁSTROJŮ ÚZEMNÍ DIMENZE V PROGRAMOVÉM OBDOBÍ 2014 – 2020

Author(s): Jana Kostalova,Marie Bednarikova / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

The article deals with the impact of public policies co-financed by the European Structural and Investment Funds in the programming period 2014 – 2020 on the development of municipalities, cities and regions. Based on the experience of the programming period 2007 – 2013, the territorial dimension was also included into the Partnership Agreement between the European Union and the Czech Republic in the current period. The territorial dimension is understood as an opportunity to support the competitiveness of specific types of territories and also as a tool for balancing territorial disparities. The territorial dimension links the sectoral and regional focus of support tools and activities. The fulfilment of the territorial dimension in the programming period 2014 - 2020 takes place through integrated projects and integrated tools. Integrated tools used in this programming period are integrated territorial investments, integrated territorial development plans and community-led local development. Despite the delays in the start of the programming period, all integrated instruments are used in the second half of the programming period and their impact can be analyzed. The article specifies the range and the benefits of integrated tool implementation and recommendations for the preparation of the next period based on the current implementation process.

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FAKTORY OVPLYVŇUJÚCE MNOŽSTVO A ZLOŽENIE KOMUNÁLNYCH ODPADOV V NITRIANSKOM KRAJI

Author(s): Melánia Feszterová / Language(s): Slovak Publication Year: 0

The aim of the paper is to analyse the municipal waste state (MW) in the Nitra region at 2002-2018, and selected factors affecting the state of MW in the Nitra region, comparing the years 2002 and 2018. The amount and composition of waste depend on factors such as population, population density, size, type and function of settlement unit and degree of the block of flats housing. We used standard processing methods based on a comparative analysis of the development of statistical data, graphical and tabular expression of the issue. The results show that the number of inhabitants in the region is decreasing annually, but the amount of municipal waste increases. The amount of MW may be related to population density, especially if concerning larger urban municipalities and districts and it was shown in 2011. Regarding to size and type of settlement unit, decreases in the number of inhabitants in individual municipalities of the region may be related to the decrease in the amount of MW, which occurred in 2004, 2012, and 2013. The most significant contribution to the total employment rate in this region has industry, wholesale, retail, and the last were the economic activities of construction, building, and agriculture.

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Dochowanie należytej staranności na gruncie VAT w dobie cyfryzacji

Author(s): Dariusz Strugliński / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

Purpose: The purpose of this chapter is to present the possibilities of using IT tools and databases by a taxpayer exercising due diligence. The most important circumstances that will be taken into account by tax officials in the assessment of entrepreneurs’ activities in VAT settlements are presented in the document Methodology for assessing due diligence by buyers of goods in domestic transactions, which is why this document is presented in this chapter. Selected IT tools and databases are also discussed useful in verifying contractors and transactions. Design/methodology/approach: To achieve the purpose, the documents published by the Ministry of Finance was used. In addition, information available on the Internet about search engines and databases was used. Information obtained during various meetings and trainings with taxpayers was also used. Findings: Based on the analysis, it can be concluded that the taxpayer can verify the contractor and partly the transaction using publicly available databases and IT tools. For a taxpayer who wants to exercise due diligence, it is useful to know the Methodology and know about the available sources of information and how to use them.

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