Ljudska prava migranata u vreme krize

Author(s): Dejan Pavlović / Language(s): Serbian Publication Year: 0

Treatment of the refugees and asylum seekers can become be a challenge for any state, particularly for fragile states with relatively weak economies and insufficient institutional capacities. The war in Syria caused a significant flow of refugees and asylum seekers from that region, which stirred the foundations of humanity across Europe, indicating that EU could become fortress like. There are alarming trends in border controls and prison-like treatment of the illegal migrants. The detention centers offer poor living conditions and there is wide spread malpractice of expulsion of asylum seekers without proper asylum procedures or in disrespect of the non-refoulmant principle of the public international law. Republic of Serbia is in a complex situation that requiring careful monitoring of external and internal migration flows. There is already a significant number of refugees and Internally displaced peoples (IDPs) as a legacy from the conflicts related to the dissolution of Yugoslavia. The general socio-economic situation is fragile and not helpful for the formulation of a clear and coherent migration policy. The management of migrations in Serbia is also an issue within the process of the EU accession, under Chapter 24 (Justice, Freedom and Security). The key human rights issues in the context of migrations are the reception conditions for the asylum seekers, in particular, those belonging to the vulnerable groups, and collective rejections without due process.

От криза към реформи: „бежанската“ криза и опитите за нейното овладяване

Author(s): Svetoslav Malinov / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

This report focuses on crisis processes in the European Union, which give rise to the need for reforms in several areas: Greek debt, deteriorating relations with Russia, "refugee" flow, increase in the number of terrorist acts, the referendum in the UK. The author stresses that there are very few positive examples for consensus on long-term measures against future threats. Crisis prevention through deep anticipating reforms is something new in the European policy. However, the EU would not allow "refugee crisis" to remain unused.

Европейската миграционна политика във фокуса на националните интереси и дефицитите в законодателството и бежанското право

Author(s): Milka Yosifova,Adela Bozmarova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

EU migration policy remains a serious problem, both in financial terms and the security of Member States and the Union as a whole. Inability to limit the migratory pressures exacerbates relations between Member States and causes extreme statements and defensive positions of their leaders, which block taking fast and effective solutions to limit and return of illegal economic migrants and those coming from countries where there is no military actions and civil war. After the failure of the mechanism for displacement and relocation, hopes are directed to the Agreement with Turkey to hold the wave of migration and to accept economic migrants against the price of a number of conditions and demands. The report examines art. 4 pt. 1 of Regulation (EC) № 2007/2004 on the establishment of FRONTEX, which states that "External borders may be crossed only at border crossing points and within the fixed opening hours", which the migrants undoubtedly violate, and the requirement to possess valid document for crossing the border. Moreover, the admission of this crime raises smuggling, human trafficking and civic associations for detention of migrants.

Миграционният поток от Близкия изток – проблеми и перспективи

Author(s): Ivaylo Petrov / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The timeliness of the report consists in the growing power and unpredictable consequences for national security related to new forms of various threats in global and regional terms, with various socio-economic, political, ethnic and religious factors standing in their core. The question arises about the refugee wave of asylum seekers from Syria through Bulgaria and its neighboring countries to Western Europe as a way for the transit of foreign fighters-terrorists. Objects of the study is the migration flow seen on one hand as a result of the activities of the Islamic State, and the other hand - as a potential threat to the security of Bulgaria and hence Europe as a whole. The paper studies the various forms of threat and destabilization of order and security in the country and the EU. It outlines the main causes of migration wave as a tool for illegal crossing of militants through the territory of Bulgaria.

Новите предизвикателства пред Шенген

Author(s): Ivan Lolev / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

Creating an area of free movement of people without internal borders is one of the greatest achievements of European integration. Is Schengen threatened today and what will be the response of the European institutions and leaders? Answering these and other questions related to border security is sought in this report. The purpose of the analysis is to present a vision from different perspective on illegal migration and the reaction of the European institutions.

Бежанската вълна – заплаха за сигурността на Европа

Author(s): Alexandra Valcheva / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

This report examines the dynamics of the factors that underlie the migration crisis occurred after the destabilization of North Africa and the Middle East. The actions are presented, through which EU should limit the negative impacts on its security resulting from the event.

Агротероризмът – мит и реалност

Author(s): Nikifor Stefanov / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The early 21st century is marked by external and internal conflicts with multiple victims in countries such as Syria, Iraq, Afghanistan, Libya and many others. Daily worldwide terrorist attacks occur with many wounded and killed. Migration increased dramatically, and the flow of immigrants to the European Union has a continuous nature. A real threat arises terrorist groups to "hit" the population by infected food in the chain from production to supply and cause crises with significant negative consequences for health, safety, security, economic or social well-being of the population in separate countries or regions on Earth.

Отговорности на България като външна граница на Европейския съюз

Author(s): Zahari Biserov,Alexander Alexiev,Borislav Dinkov / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

Considering the responsibilities of Bulgaria as an EU external border we must first ask the question: Does Bulgaria succeed to protect its own borders? Because its responsibility to the Union is not less than that which brings to itself and its people. The events of the past few months have shown clearly the position in which Bulgaria is situated. Bulgarian border, respectively EU border is unable to stop migration flows. Authorized Service Directorate "Border Police" shows weakness, lack of capacity and professionalism. The army had to come to the aid, which does not mean that the way the border protection was organized would stop the migrants. It turned out that another service the Ministry of Interior 570 has parade but not required capabilities. The fact that they have formed voluntary squads in the regions around the "groove", says it all.

Корупция и промигрантски лобизъм в Европа

Author(s): Nikolay Radulov / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

This report focuses on the legal basis of Iran and Tajikistan in the field of international cooperation in criminal matters and seeks to analyze the effectiveness and efficiency of the legal regime in the surveyed countries. This article does not cover all aspects of international cooperation in criminal matters and elect three of them, which are key - international legal assistance, extradition and confiscation of criminal assets.

Морските операции на европейската агенция Frontex в отговор на новите предизвикателства пред сигурността в района на Източното Средиземноморие

Author(s): Kaloyan Pancheliev / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The paper presents new security challenges posed by the heavy traffic of migrants from Turkey to Greece in 2014 - 2015 At the center of the analysis are maritime operations of the European agency Frontex in the area of the Eastern Mediterranean, including the participation of Bulgaria with border police ship "Obzor" (525) in 2016. The possibilities are shown for improving the existing model for the operations in terms of its organization and management.

Environmental Security and Climate Change Impacts in South – Eastern Europe

Author(s): Tsvetan Spasov / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Over the last decade, the number of scientists increases, who study in more depth topics related to environmental security and the relationships between socio-economic and natural processes and how the depletion of natural resources undermines human security. This article discusses the impact of climate change on communities and key economic sectors such as agriculture and energy. We will analyze the impact of current and potential future socio-economic processes catalyzed by climate change, which in combination with the population boom in traditionally unstable regions like the Middle East, already seriously affect the security and economic development of Bulgaria and the European Union.

Генериране на финансова сигурност чрез реформиране на механизмите за прехвърляне на парични средства в ЕС в контекста на миграционните потоци

Author(s): Gergana Yordanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

Intensification of migration flows to Europe generates new challenges for the financial security of host countries, which include the latest trends in the flow of transactions concerning transfer of funds. In some observed cases, it is about a liquidity support to refugees and economic migrants. However, alongside these legitimate operations many remittances of illegal origin run, which impair the integrity, stability and reputation of the financial sector, and threaten the internal security. This requires reforms in regulatory and technical mechanisms of the transfer of funds within the Community in order to prevent endangering the domestic and international development.

Adepti moci a úspechu. Etablovanie elít v moderných dejinách

Author(s): / Language(s): Slovak

There has been always been a great buzz around Valerián Bystrický. It is not different even today. His study is almost continuously occupied by his friends, colleagues and pupils. They work not only at his household institution – the Institute of History of the Slovak Academy of Sciences – but also at other scholarly institutions and universities. They come to him for a friendly chat and to discuss their professional issues expecting his opinion and advice. Authors who participated on this publication represent a small sample of them. The topics included in this book represent a very broad and colorful spectrum and the same can be said about the view and professional erudition of Dr. Bystrický. It would be not very useful to list all the topics he has dealt with. They can be found in the selected bibliography of his writings at the end of this book. It doesn’t matter if he is dealing with European or Slovak history; the 1st and 2nd Czechoslovak republic or the war Slovak republic; politics, personalities or society – all his works are characterized by comprehension, detachment and great knowledge of sources. He doesn’t belong to theoreticians or speculative methodologists of various systems and –isms. He goes to the problem always in medias res. His method is the accurate documentation of historical processes and consistent knowledge about the searched topic and sources. That is how his pertinent works based on arguments had been created. Many of them belong to fundamental and pioneering works of our historiography. We must admire the curiousness and interest of Dr. Bystrický for new problems. We can say that a man with such an erudition and detachment can’t be surprised easily. It is a gift or a privilege that there is always something which he is interested in – he is still able to contemplate and to think intensely about historical and social problems. He is a proponent of the necessity to always take a clear and resolute stand to key questions. He is not shy to let his positive or negative attitude be known. The latter possibility brought numerous stories, occasional good-hearted acrimonies and anecdotes that are still very popular. They originated from the fact that he is a well-known enemy of smallmindedness and petty wars. As he often says: „Something is always going to happen.” For a scholar of his caliber, one must admire the graciousness of Dr. Bystrický which has an extra significance in the scholarly circles. In connection with his natural authority, it has a special value mainly for the middle generation of today’s historians. He has always treated them with human understanding and they have had the opportunity to cooperate with a wise and helpful man.

Migration as a Political and Public Phenomenon: The Case of Czech Republic

Author(s): Jan Bečka,Bohumil Doboš,Filip Gantner,Jakub Landovský,Lenka Pítrová,Martin Riegl,Scarlett Waitzmanová / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

For the last two years, migration became one the most discussed topics in many European countries. With the waves of refugees and migrants in general arriving to Europe from the war-torn countries of the Middle East and from African countries, the European political representatives as well as the general public have been largely caught off guard. By September 2016, for example, there were almost 120,000 first-time asylum seekers in the EU-28.1 According to the UNHCR, there were 362,376 migrants and refugees arriving to Europe just by the Mediterranean route in 2016, not counting others.2 The migration flows that Europe has been witnessing as a part of the current crisis are the big-gest since the wars in the Balkans in the 1990s and perhaps the most significant since the end of Second World War.

Integrácia ľudí s medzinárodnou ochranou na Slovensku. Hľadanie východísk

Author(s): Miroslava Hlinčíková,Martina Sekulová / Language(s): Slovak

Miroslava Hlinčíková a Martina Sekulová v texte analyzujú integráciu ľudí s medzinárodnou ochranou v kontexte integračných programov vytvorených štátom, ktoré sú určené na podporu procesu začleňovania tejto skupiny do spoločnosti. V deviatich kapitolách pozorne sledujú reflexie verejných inštitúcií, mimovládneho sektora a utečencov a na ich základe formulujú odporúčania pre každú z oblastí integrácie. Snažia sa tak odpovedať na otázku, ako by sa dal integračný program nastaviť tak, aby mal na každodenný život a integráciu utečencov čo najpozitívnejší vplyv a aby dorovnal ich často ťažké začiatky na Slovensku. Publikáciu vydal Inštitút pre verejné otázky (IVO), s podporou vedeckého projektu ÚEt SAV Občianske aktivity ako determinant udržateľného rozvoja mesta (etnologický pohľad), VEGA č. 2/0024/14.

TÜRKİYE TOPLUMUNDA SURİYELİ SIĞINMACILARIN TOPLUMSAL KABULÜ VE DIŞLANMASI

Author(s): Ahmet Koyuncu / Language(s): Turkish Publication Year: 0

This chapter compares and contrasts the experiences of Syrian refugees in Turkey in terms of the ways in which they are accepted and rejected by Turkish people.

Rat u brojkama. Demografski gubici u ratovima na teritoriji bivše Jugoslavije od 1991. do 1999. Glavni izveštaji demografskih veštaka predstavljeni od strane tužilaštva na suđenjima u Međunarodnom krivičnom sudu za bivšu Jugoslaviju

Author(s): / Language(s): Serbian

Religion, Religious Groups and Migration

Author(s): / Language(s): English

The relationship between religion, religious groups, and migration is an important topic of recent social science debate. Migration affects all aspects of the lives of those who have left their homes, including facets characterized as religious. Religion and religious identity are linked to social, cultural, and political issues, including integration, identity negotiation, diasporic community formation, interreligious dialogue, and religious pluralism. On the one hand, migration can change religious cultures, rituals, and traditions through the experience of mobility and the response of the host country. On the other hand, religious groups can encourage migration. In this context, new forms of transnational interaction and organization have emerged that contribute to the reformulation of community and identity. In some cases, such changes can lead to new conflicts and even trigger religious radicalization. This edited book consists of essays that bring together various perspectives on religious groups and their migration processes in different geographical regions. The aim is to empirically analyze the discourse and practices of national and transnational religious groups while investigating the relationship of religion and migration to political, historical, cultural, and social transitions. The book brings together academics and practitioners from different countries through interdisciplinary approaches that will be of interest to a wide readership of scholars and practitioners.

Židé v Čechách 6 - Sborník příspěvků ze semináře konaného 19- a 20. října 2016 v Kadani

Author(s): / Language(s): Czech

On October 19-20, 2018 in Kadaň, the Jewish Museum in Prague, in collaboration with the State Regional Archive in Litoměřice and the State District Archive in Chomutov, hosted the sixth meeting of archivists, historians, Hebraists, and regional museum workers focused on Jewish history in the Czech Republic, particularly modern issues and border regions' history. The seminar emphasized the Holocaust period and its impact on Jewish communities and individuals, the evaluation of archival sources on Jewish history in Czech archives, and the significance of Hebrew sources, both archival and epigraphic. A notable contribution was a study on Jewish sigillography, extending the seminar's focus further into the past. Not all presented contributions were included in the proceedings, but efforts were made to publish them in a planned seventh issue. The authors are responsible for their studies' content, and the spelling of "žid" or "Žid" is left to their discretion.

Teoride ve pratikte insani yardim

Author(s): / Language(s): Turkish

Natural disasters, poverty, conflicts and climate crisis cause more and more people in the world to become in need of humanitarian aid. Due to its geographical, geopolitical and historical location, humanitarian aid has become an issue of strategic importance for Türkiye. Frequent natural disasters in Türkiye, Türkiye’s proximity to chronic conflict zones, the concentration of communities in need of humanitarian aid in geographies in Türkiye’s sphere of influence, and Türkiye’s recent diplomacy/humanitarian diplomacy moves are the main reasons why humanitarian aid has become strategically important for Türkiye in theoretical and practical terms. To this, the lack of a ‘responsible’ and ‘conscientious’ leader or actor at the global level and the failure of international organizations to prevent conflicts must also be added. In such a theoretical and intellectual background and in the midst of the practical humanitarian aid realities culminating in the 2023-2025 Gaza Genocide, this book emerged from the papers presented at the First International Humanitarian Aid Symposium hosted by the Institute of International Relations and Strategic Studies (ULİSA IIRSR) of Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University and organized in partnership with the Turkish Red Crescent, AYBU Technology Transfer Office, and Tirana New York University, in December 2024. The book deals with the issue of humanitarian aid from a broad perspective in the context of the reasons leading to humanitarian aid, the humanitarian aid process, and theoretical and practical discussions that can minimize the need for humanitarian aid. Book sheds light on the complex dimensions of humanitarian aid that fall within the field of disciplines such as economics, politics, sociology, psychology, health and theology. The book contains studies that focus on both theoretical analyses and field applications. The 13 chapters in the book offer a wide perspective, from the historical foundations of cooperation to digital solutions and artificial intelligence-supported systems. Prominent topics include Turkey’s humanitarian aid activities, new disaster management systems, religious and sociological dimensions of humanitarian aid, the relationship between migration and humanitarian aid, and the effects of modern technologies on humanitarian aid. Studies discussing these issues will make significant contributions to the academic literature and field studies. This book, prepared under the editorship of İbrahim Demir, Muhammed Oruç and Elmas Bener Otacı, offers an interdisciplinary perspective on humanitarian aid and aims to contribute to the development of humanitarian aid concepts, theories, and practices in the Turkish literature.