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Autorzy prezentowanego tu memorandum przekonywali, że celem komunistycznej propagandy jest wychowanie nowego pokolenia ludzi, zdecydowanie wrogiego wobec państw zachodnich. I pytali: jak przeciwdziałać takiej propagandzie?
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The author of the text, herself the member of the Molisini Croats, while studying the language and history of the Croats in the Italian region of Molise has noticed a number of inconsistencies and in exact data in the existing literature, the wrong number of the inhabitants of the villages of Croats in the Molise region being one of them. The Molisine Croatian language is still spoken in three Molise villages: Montemitro (Mundimitar), San Felice (Stifilić) and Aquaviva Collecroce (Živavoda Kruć). The basis of the language is the stokavsko ikavski accent. The inhabitants themselves are describing.
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We document that the slowdown in the growth of the immigrant population in the United States since 2000 is the largest observed using Census data since 1870. Non-parametric tests reveal that the sharp decline is similar in magnitude to changes in migration growth rates that followed the two major historical regime changes in U.S. immigration policy. Migration rates are slowing across nearly all age, sex, educational and country of origin categories that we examine. We find that the stock of adult migrants under age 30 is smaller in 2015 than in 2000, a potential precursor to a declining overall stock, as was seen around the introduction of the national quotas regime in 1920. Heterogenous changes have led to slower declines for men than women, and an increase in the relative scarcity of low-skilled labor. Approximately half of the overall decline is due to falling Mexican immigration.
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Albanci su starosjedioci Balkana i potomci Ilira čiji su tragovi ostali sačuvani u današnjem albanskom jeziku, a sigurno i u rasnom obilježju. U vrijeme seobe naroda Albanci su djelomično potisnuti u brda, ponegdje su se miješali ženidbom s doseljenim Slavenima, a drugdje opet ostvarili miran suživot s novim stanovništvom, živeći zasebno u svojoj katunskoj, rodovskoj i plemenskoj organizaciji.
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Juhart, Iva –Petrič, Larisa: Zahodno balkanska migracijska pot: Srbija kot zadnja točka pred vstopom v „boljši jutri”. Časopis za kritiko znanosti ,domišljijo in novo antropologijo. 264/ Balkanska migracijska pot,. 290–307. p
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The study aims at investigating the socio-demographic characteristics of immigrants arriving to Hungary and their integration into the labor market in the Interwar period. Based on the original data sheets (as the material remained unpublished) of the Central Statistical Bureau from 1930 we analyzed, whether the newcomers occupied separate niche, or there was a conflict between the indigenous and immigrant society for occupations. (Due to the lack of data we were unable to make temporal comparisons.) The results show, that the language skills (most of the investigated 81,000 people – or 1 % of the population – living in Hungary without Hungarian citizenship mastered the Hungarian language, even if they were not ethnic Hungarians) and religion helped the integration of this stratum (including their children born in Hungary), which was overrepresented in certain occupations.
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As a result of the occupation of Crimea and the war in Donbas, one of the greatest internal relocations in contemporary European history is taking place on the territory of Ukraine. Yet the European Union, preoccupied with its internal problems and the influx of migrants from the Middle East, has so far ignored this fact.
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This essay draws on my almost three decades worth of research on the multiethnic and multilingual history of Upper Silesia during the last two centuries, when various ethnolinguistic nationalisms have radically altered the ethnic, political, demographic and linguistic shape of the region. I focus on the German minority that was recognized in Poland in the early 1990s. This recognition was extended to the German language. However, though in official statistics there are hundreds of schools with German, and bilingual signage amply dots the Upper Silesian landscape, neither in the region nor elsewhere in Poland is there a single, however small, locality where German would be the language of everyday communication. With this essay I attempt to explicate this irony of official recognition on the one hand, and the tacitly enforced non-existence on the ground, on the other hand.
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The aim of this article is to clarify the role of the organisations that support skilled migrants after a relocation, using the analytical concept of migration industry. The concept is used as a tool to explore the gap between the macro and the micro levels and by that stresses the crucial meso-level when it comes to conceptualizing (skilled) migration. I use 30 semi-directive interviews with skilled migrants and six interviews with key informants in the migration industry as a basis for the analysis, leading me to distinguish three main services at the heart of this industry. Each service is covered by distinct private actors: the basic needs of the family by relocation offices, the education of the children by international schools, and the careers of the partner by outplacement agencies.
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The aim of this study is to describe the legal bases of the migration policy of Armenia and its practical implementation in 1995–2013. The author examined the international and national documents that provide the legal bases of Armenia’s migration policy, as well as the balance between departures and arrivals in the period 1995–2013, Armenian citizens’ reasons for emigrating and the occupations of emigrants. The study was based on the following research methods: content, system and quantitative analysis. The results of the analyses performed indicate that the objectives of Armenia’s migration policy were not completely fulfilled. Between 1995 and 2013, the number of emigrants declined, but Armenia’s overall migration balance was negative. The majority of those leaving the country went to Russia, followed by the other states of the CIS.Encouraged by porous border boundaries in Africa, trafficking in persons and objects is a demand-driven global venture that has market potential for: commercial sex, cheap labour, terrorism, and drug-related crimes. Most African States, especially Nigeria, have been reputed as hardliners in encouraging these illicit trends. Chief among the motivating factors include: domestic insecurity, political instability, economic recession, and institutional failure, etc. Amongst other instigating factors however, this paper takes a cursory look at the relationship between the twin crime of trans-border migration crises and human trafficking in Nigeria, and the attendant political economic implications on the Nigerian polity. Data relied on are largely gotten from secondary sources. The paper employs the neoclassical political economic theory of migration. Findings from conceptual and theoretical reviews of literatures show that the incentive for human trafficking and migration-related offences is not only profit driven but also a fall-out from institutional failure. The paper recommends a taut border security, which can disallow border-related crimes like drug and human trafficking. The paper also sues for people-oriented leadership that will eschew illicit crimes such as the above.
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International migration has positive effect on Hungary’s demographic, social and economic processes. Although the proportion of the Hungarian-speaking migrant population declined between the two censuses, it still plays a decisive role. This is related with the cross-border linguistic and cultural ties. If we looked at the Hungarian country territory before World War I and II, we found, that half of the international migration was domestic migrants from the peripheral regions to the centre of country. So, this phenomenon determines the migration network form the Carpathian Basin to Hungary. In general, most of the migrants come from the Hungarian speaking regions. The proportion of non-Hungarian speaking migrants coming from Trans-Carpathian Ukraine, northern Slovakia, Serbia, outside parts of Vojvodina, as well as Austria, Croatia and Slovenia has been increasing. Analysis of the source area showed a colorful picture about foreign citizens living in Hungary. In general it can be stated that the lower-skilled migrants have greater proportion in migration to a smaller distance, while those with higher education dominate in migration for longer distances. The impact zone of potential migration increases with educational qualifications and skills.
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The exile people live on their consciousness a real tragedy of a breaking off a sacred forgotten thing. They are forced to abandon it, but they'll miss it a lot. They'll miss it as much as Adam will always miss that "rib" which he desires tragically to obtain it with every embrace of the loved woman. The phenomenon of the exile represent a limited situation, through the man needs get lost in the unknown, estranging from the edenic place of "At home", assuming the Stranger condition with all that the popular and cultural literature has invested him. Even if the image of "At home" suffers some negative mutations from the hypostasis of the Stranger in a new world, which doesn't desire him, will establish him to revalue positively that Lost Paradise. Vintilă Horia is a great Romanian writer, who has unfortunately known the exile because of the contamination of "At home", which had become a space of reprisals and injustice. He was adopted by Spain, which has become another "At home" since he died. The novel A women for Apocalypse valorizes positively the feminine, so the feminine becomes the "key" of the mystical, ontological and spiritual rescue of the whole humanity. If the men bring about the war and hatred, the woman brings about the rescue, through her love. Time is not the enemy of the man any more, but it is his ally, because it hasn't got any power to terrorize and the death has been defeated by love. "At home" means the absolute love of a woman, who succeeds in raising the spirit to that initial Lost Paradise.
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This article provides an overview of the Cyprus conflict as an introduction to the problem of the refugees that emerged after the division of the island in 1974. It particularly focuses on the case of the Maronites of Cyprus, an ethnic group that has been present in Cyprus for over millennia, geographically enclaved, a situation that eased the preservation of their unique language, the Cypriot Maronite Arabic. However, the mass displacement of population that occurred after the geographical division of Cyprus has had a deep impact in the development of the Maronite identity and the preservation of their culture and language. Following the occupation of their traditional settlements by the Turkish military, the largest part of Maronite community was forced to leave to the Greek-ruled part of the island. After analyzing the impact of the conflict on this national minority, the article provides an insight into the demands of the Maronite community in the negotiations of the settlement of the Cyprus conflict and the current initiatives that intend to preserve the cultural heritage of the Maronites of Cyprus.
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The present article explores the recent United Nations (UN) resolutions in the field of health, population and development adopted in the period 2012-2016. The analysis argues that the official documents of the Commission on Population and Development may pose a challenge to the UN “mission model” by emphasizing the major relevance of the current course of the cross-resolutions agendas. More than twenty-four concepts and related items are interlinked and used to measure the UN millennium development goals towards international peace, sustainable development, health outcomes and human rights displays by identifying the conceptual mapping and the subsequent causal effects in the research areas of: population, migration, migrant population. The article also reviews the consequences of the UN key actions and programmes focusing on the transmission of concepts within the institutional engagements considering the following resolutions: (a). the Resolution adopted by the Economic and Social Council on 27 July 2016 (2016/25. Future organization and methods of work of the Commission on Population and Development) (E/RES/2016/25); (b) the Resolution 2016/1 Strengthening the demographic evidence base for the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development (Resolution 2016/1); (c) the Resolution 2014/1 Assessment of the status of implementation of the Programme of Action of the International Conference on Population and Development (Resolution 2014/1); (d) the Resolution 2013/1 New trends in migration: demographic aspects (Resolution 2013/1) and (e) Resolution 2012/1 Adolescents and youth (Resolution 2012/1);
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The paper relates studying the activites of the emigration of the non- Soviet people of the Soviet Union, who, after losing the independence by their native republics, addressed Turkey asking for the political refuge. It has been found that those people got in the focus of the Polish special services, which were acting within the frames of the concept of Poland’s Prometheism, which was directed at weakening and collapse of the USSR due to the national differentiation. Poles managed to unite separate Georgian, Azerbaijani and North-Caucasian groups and guide their activities in the anti-Soviet direction. Development of the international situation prevented the Prometheism plans of the Poland of Pilsudski to come true completely.
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The International Refugee Organization (IRO) was the first specialized agency created by the United Nations. It operated between 1947 and 1951 and had under its mandate the masses of displaced persons (DPs) and refugees remaining outside of their countries of origin in the immediate post-war context. The purpose of this paper is to describe the main fields of activity of the IRO and to point out those aspects of its action that could be an inspiration for the future activities of the international community towards the resolution of the refugees issue in a changed contemporary context of this problem. The author claims that as the activity of IRO was the suitable and efficient way to solve the DPs and refugees problem at the time of the crisis connected with the massive presence of refugees, it merits a deeper examination as a temporary instrument of the international community also nowadays, during such critical periods.
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Guaranteeing the availability of European labour markets constituted a very important element of the Polish foreign policy during the negotiation of conditions under which Poland would become a member of the European Union. At the time of the Polish accession, Poles as citizens of United Europe gained the right to take up legal work in other Member States. This opportunity was taken by Polish young people – “thirdgeneration emigrants” tempted by better earnings and prospects for the future. The proposed text is an attempt to capture migrants’ reality in the context of adaptative difficulties experienced by migrants with regard to globalisation-related transformations and the construct of a global teenager. The research results were obtained from two research projects carried out: (1) a research project carried out under the promotional grant in the years 2008-2012 (National Center for Science in Krakow – NN 106 348 140 (grant manager: Prof. Magdalena Piorunek, PhD) under the title: ‘Polish emigration and reemigration as an experience. Sociological and pedagogical aspect’, the results of which have been published in: Kozielska J., (2014) Post-accession migration. The theoretical and empirical context. Social support. The research sample in the quantitative analysis consisted of 174 persons who emigrated for at least one year and stayed in Poland for at least 6 months from the time of their return to the time of the research. The sample was targeted, and the target group consisted of return emigrants who emigrated during the pre-accession period and decided to stay in a European state rather than a “traditional” country of migration like the United States of America. The quantitative research was supplemented with a qualitative analysis of texts derived from hermeneutic methods, which included online forums (created by and for emigrants, both those who are still abroad and those who are planning to return or have already returned to Poland) and blogs containing fragments of emigrants’ biographies; (2) a research project carried out in London and Scotland under the POSTDOC scholarship of the Adam Mickiewicz University “Unique Graduate = Opportunities. An increase in the didactic potential of the Adam Mickiewicz University through pro-innovative education in English, interdisciplinariness, e-learning, investment in human resources” under the title: ‘Transnational biographical counselling. A paradigm of qualitative research. An in-depth interview – 15 families with children (aged between 3 and 13 years) (2015-2017)’.
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