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Author(s): Ilja Naumenko / Language(s): Polish Issue: 14/2018

In traditional cultures, dreams and visions are often considered as prophecies. From the position of psychoanalysis such a view, can even be defended, as dreams and visions present wishes that demand realization and can influence the future. Today’s communication is largely based on a visual message. This state is described by postmodern concept of culture, according to which the image replaced reality – the “map” becomes the “territory”. For this reason, the study of visual culture can be practiced as an analysis of the collective visions, looking for manifestations of unconscious wishes and the first signs of emerging cultural processes. Fashion, design and architecture shape the picture of everyday life – they define the new and desirable images and views, providing rich material for such analysis. In times of political utopia deficits, aesthetic utopias can shape the collective identities and aspirations.

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The Late Gothic Chapel of St Barbara in the Church of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary in Banská Bystrica

Author(s): Zuzana Mičková / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2020

The present study maps the history of the Chapel of St Barbara in the Parish Church of the Assumption of Virgin Mary in Banská Bystrica from several aspects. The first part of study follows the building and historical development of the chapel. In the second part, the original furnishings of the chapel, of which the altar of Master Paul of Levoča is still preserved, are the focus. The third and last part focuses on the funds bound to the chapel, through which it is possible to observe the intricate interconnections of the local burghers’ families. In addition to the aforementioned, the author attempts to look through the history of the chapel into the wider historical context of the town of Banská Bystrica in that period.

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FUAT SEZGİN’İN SANAT ESERLERİ ÜZERİNE YAPTIĞI ÇALIŞMALAR HAKKINDA BİR KRİTİK

Author(s): Nebi Butasim / Language(s): Turkish Issue: Sp. Issue/2019

The history of Islamic science is one of the hardest areas to summarize. The legacy of a gigantic civilization is wide enough to fit into a few volumes of books. This situation forces researchers and scientists working on the field to work on samples. The works of art, which constitute an important place in the history of Islamic science, are one of the areas where even the employees in the field have difficulty in preparing catalogs. For this reason, studies conducted by periodic and regional distinctions naturally bring some deficiencies. In this context, Sezgin's work on the history of Islamic science is naturally the most incomplete field of art works. Fuat Sezgin stated this with a brief introduction to the architectural section and criticized both that he did not have any command over the subject and that the models he made were not sufficient in comparison to the existing works. In this study, the general status of the works examined by Fuat Sezgin under the title of architecture and the comparisons of Sezgin's contributions to the architectural work will be made.

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Nationale Selbstvergewisserung im Polen der Nachwendezeit: das Marienheiligtum Licheń

Author(s): Agnieszka Gąsior / Language(s): German Issue: 3/2008

With the startling construction of a gigantic basilica (1994-2004), Liehen, a village in central Poland hardly known to that date, suddenly advanced to one of the country's most popular places of worship for the holy virgin. In the centre of veneration is an inconspicuous paining, legitimated, on the one hand, by appearance miracles in the 19th Century, and by references to other manifestations (the national icon of Czestochowa, the miraculous picture of Rokitno and Maria Fatima) already recognized for their powers. The attractiveness of the sanctuary, however, is mainly determined by the association of the Marian cult with Polish history. Didactically edited, the latter is represented by a large ensemble of monuments in an often self-evident and therefore easily comprehensible way. While, initially, following the tradition of Czestochowa, Poland's painful history, i.e. the victim topos as well as the condemnation of the crimes committed in World War II and the Stalinist Soviet Union, was predominant, a new concept of the victorious and successful Poland was created in Liehen after 1989, which is reflected in the building of the new basilica and its iconography. This article takes a look at the Visual strategies in dealing with Marian symbolism and the history of Liehen, examining its idea content, its development and the driving forces behind the building and its addressees.

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Stadtentwicklung in Schlesien im 19. und 20. Jahrhundert. Eine Leitlinie zum Forschungsprojekt „Historisch-topographischer Städteatlas von Schlesien“

Author(s): Wolfgang Kreft / Language(s): German Issue: 2/2007

Ziel des Projekts ist eine Darstellung der siedlungstopographischen Entwicklung von etwa 30 ausgewählten Städten Schlesiens (siehe Tab. S. 254) über den gesamten Zeitraum des 19. und 20. Jahrhunderts.

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Global Growth and National Urban Development with Housing

Author(s): Wei-Bin Zhang / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2020

The purpose of this study is to examine dynamic interactions between economic growth, housing markets, residential distribution and international trade. The paper builds a multi-country growth model with economic geography and capital accumulation. It makes an original contribution to the literature of spatial economic growth by integrating economic geography and housing markets into a multi-country growth model with microeconomic foundations. The four basic models – the Solow growth model, the Oniki–Uzawa trade model, the Alonso urban model, and the Muth housing model – in economic theory are integrated within a comprehensive framework. This unique feature implies that many basic issues of spatial economics can be examined in a single framework. We show that the dynamics of the J-country world economy is described by J differential equations. We also simulate the global economy with three countries. Comparative dynamic analysis shows how different exogenous changes in the national preferences, technologies, land, and labor affect the global growth, national development, and spatial geography.

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Kültür Turizmi Bağlamında Mekânın Ötekileştirilmesi ve Yeniden Üretimi Örneği: Beypazarı Evleri

Author(s): Sema Demir / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 101/2020

Modernization could become possible by marginalization of tradition on several domains of life. The political power who directed the modernization process, that is, who shall decide which portions of the tradition shall be marginalized has developed new state policies in order to enable the adaption of the new life styles by the people. In this paper, the cultural factor which has made possible the new life style which is potential to convert what is traditional in several aspects of culture, is chosen as “house, residential units”. This process which was started by the Tanzimat reform era of Ottoman Period in 19th century has been transformed into the myth of three-rooms-one hall and recently, into the residence houses fashion. The traditional houses, on the other hand, although have appeared to be marginalized together with all of its traditional aspects which they are associated with they have started to be subject to reproduction through the impetus of cultural tourism fashion. The conservative spaces which we have buried in the ground through modernism can be said to have been revived through postmodernism. The process of how the Beypazari houses are reproduced as spaces within the context of culture tourism fashion shall be illustrated in this study with examples. Therefore, as examples from the field shall be presented in this paper, it is qualified as a field study. The data that is obtained from this field study are analyzed according to the models of Jean Baudrillard’s simulacrum and simulation and Irvin Cemil Schick’s concept regarding the transition process of the areas into the spaces.

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Zamek królewski w Wieluniu. Część 2: Zabudowa zamku w świetle źródeł historycznych i obserwacji architektonicznych

Author(s): Radosław Herman,Wojciech Dudak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 17/2017

The article is the second part of the work devoted to the royal stronghold in Wieluń, gathering knowledge in the field of the history of construction. The first part (in the previous volume RW) discusses the history of the castle and historical sources. In this part, an attempt was made to reconstruct the spatial evolution of the stronghold on the basis of historical writing sources and the results of architectural observations in the complex of buildings, in the place of the former castle, were presented.

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Pałac arcybiskupów lwowskich obrządku łacińskiego w Obroszynie koło Lwowa w latach 1885–1923. Edycja źródłowa inwentarzy

Author(s): Grzegorz Chajko / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2017

This article presents two inventories of the Lviv Archbishop of the Latin Rite in Obroszyn in the form of a source edition. They were analysed and labelled with back matter. Their content includes information about the design and organization of the entire palace/park establishment, as well as external appearance, floor plan and furnishings of the palace. In addition, they contain extensive lists of exotic plants grown in the orangery. It is also worth noting that the documents in this publication fill a significant gap in the history of the palace in Obroszyn. Never before have these inventories been published.

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A technical and iconographic analysis of medieval tiles from Lipowiec castle

Author(s): Joanna Małocha / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2017

Since the turn of the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries the Lipowiec castle (the municipality of Babice, the district of Chrzanów, Lesser Poland Voivodeship) has played an important role in the history of the Church in Kraków and Lesser Poland. In the following centuries it was not only a fortress and residence of the hierarchy, but also a place of retreat for clergy and an episcopal prison. At the present time – preserved in the form of a permanent ruin – the castle serves as one of the most interesting attractions of the region. Professional historical, architectural and archaeological studies of this property were carried out in the second half of the twentieth century but the historical material obtained in the course of the examination has not been a subject of a detailed analysis as yet. The article presents an analysis of an ensemble of medieval tiles discovered during the study in the years 1967–1974 and includes both technological aspects as well as an analysis of iconographic relics. It also presents evidence that was used to determine the chronology of the ensemble – technological and stylistic analogies as well as information resulting from the stratigraphic position of the given finding. An integral part of the article is an array of prints and a catalog of the discussed objects divided plate-like tiles (group I) and pottery and bowl tiles (group II).

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„Cadre de vie”. Jean-Luc Godard’s „Deux ou trois choses que je sais d’elle” (1967), French TV and Architectural Discourse

Author(s): Jacqueline Maurer / Language(s): English Issue: 109/2020

The article demonstrates how Jean-Luc Godard’s "Deux ou trois choses que je sais d’elle" (1967) contributed to the contemporary critical discourse on (social) housing estates (grands ensembles). With his work, the filmmaker aimed to show the grand ensemble, or ‘the big(ger) picture’ of what it meant to live in contemporary consumerist oriented France. The protagonist Juliette Johnson represents the French citizen and simultaneously the metaphor of the Paris Region that underwent a huge transformation. The main interest of the text lies in the use of the 360-degree pan shot and the notion of cadre (frame), as they connect film theory and the contemporary discourse about how the décor, i.e. the (built) environment, influences people’s cadre de vie (living conditions). A close reading of two film sequences and a historical contextualisation of architectural discourses and theories is completed by a comparison with documentary TV programmes. While they had fostered the critical discussion about housing estates already before, they used the panorama shot only after "Deux ou trois choses…"

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Architektura, urbanistyka i wspólnota – „Byker” Sirkki-Liisy Konttinen

Author(s): Karolina Kosińska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 109/2020

The article focuses on the project "Byker" (1983) by Sirkka-Liisa Konttinen, a member of the Amber Collective from Newcastle, documenting social life of the working-class communities in Northern England. On the one hand, the film is a record of the transformation of Byker (the city’s authorities decided to demolish the terraced houses, declaring them as slums, and to replace them with a modern development – blocks of flats designed by Ralph Erskine). On the other, it may be treated as a voice in the lively discussion concerning postwar British architecture and urban planning. Kosińska argues that "Byker", although quite nostalgic in tone, is above all – because of its hybrid form and also its complex rhetorical devices – trying to symbolically reverse the process of annihilation, to (re)construct the community, and to give the control over the living space back to this community. Kosińska refers to the arguments of Annabell Honess Roe and to the theory of the space as a social product formulated by Henri Lefebvre. She also places the film in the context of urban planning, using the account written by Peter Malpass that destroys the myth of success that accompanied the redevelopment of Byker.

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Architektura i japoński kolonializm – filmowy obraz przestrzeni miejskiej w okupowanym Seulu

Author(s): Krzysztof Loska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 109/2020

Assuming that the relations between architecture and cinema should be considered not only in terms of aesthetics, but also in a broader political context, Loska analyzes the way in which urban scenery contributes to the creation of national mythology and nostalgic images. The subject of his analysis are contemporary Korean films set during the period of Japanese colonization, including 2009: "Lost Memories" (dir. Lee Si-myung, 2002), "Modern Boy" (dir. Jung Ji-woo, 2008) and "Private Eye" (dir. Park Dae-min, 2009). Loska emphasizes that the fashion for retro films is a part of a revisionist historical strategy and constitutes an attempt at rewriting the past. Recreating traces of the presence of the Japanese occupiers – through digital reconstructions of pre-war Seoul – does not lead to a critical reflection on colonialism but serves to create a specific narrative, with members of the resistance movement as the main protagonists of these films.

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Amerykańskie przedmieścia w cieniu wielkiego miasta

Author(s): Patrycja Włodek / Language(s): Polish Issue: 109/2020

Suburbs are “a Russia, only with money” – the joke quoted by William H. Whyte in The Organization Man points to the ambivalent status of suburban districts, noticeable also in their cultural representations. On the one hand, suburbia are simply a way of spatial planning, on the other – this particular space has always been as tangible as symbolic and mythical. They serve as a microcosm and metonymy of ideas crucial for post-war America, such as nation, capitalism, security, pax Americana. The article focuses on the mechanisms and reasons (considered both synchronically and diachronically) for the very existence of the movie-made American suburbia seen as symbolic territories.

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İnanç Turizmi Açısından Deyrulzafaran Manastırı ve Ziyaretçi Profili Üzerine Bir İnceleme

Author(s): Adnan Alkan / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 2/2020

In this study, the religious and cultural importance of Deyrulzafaran Monastery (Mardin) and the visitor profile visiting the monastery were examined. Accepting more than 200.000 visitors during the year, the monastery has a great potential in terms of faith tourism. In the study, the survey technique was applied as a method. Accordingly, a survey was conducted with 400 individuals selected according to the simple random sampling method to determine the visitor profile. The data obtained from the survey were analysed and interpreted in SPSS 22 package program by using descriptive statistics and using various statistical analyses. According to this; It is observed that the visitors visiting the monastery consist mostly of women, the age groups mostly consist of young population between the ages of 18-35 and individuals with higher education level. Over 97% of visitors come from within the country, while the rest come from countries such as Germany, Sweden and Canada. The architectural structure of the monastery and its ambiance stand out as the most liked by the visitors. As a result, Deyrulzafaran Monastery, an important value in terms of faith tourism in Turkey Given the religious and cultural values and with work that demonstrated a big potential.

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From Bauhaus to Our House: Tom Wolfe contra modernist architecture

Author(s): Anna Maria Karczewska / Language(s): English Issue: 34/2020

In his 1981 book-length essay From Bauhaus To Our House, Tom Wolfe not only presents a compact history of modernist architecture, devoting the pages to masters such as Le Corbusier, Walter Gropius or Ludwig Mies van der Rohe but also frontally attacks modern architecture and complains that a small group of architects took over control of people’s aesthetic choices. According to Wolfe, modern buildings wrought destruction on American cities, sweeping away their vitality and diversity in favour of the pure, abstract order of towers in a row. Modernist architects, on the other hand, saw the austere buildings of concrete, glass and steel as signposts of a new age, as the physical shelter for a new, utopian society.This article attempts to analyse Tom Wolfe’s selected criticisms of the modernist architecture presented in From Bauhaus to Our House. In order to understand Wolfe’s discontent with modernist architecture’s basic tenets of economic, social, and political conditions that prompted architects to pursue a modernist approach to design will be discussed.

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Jednoosobowe gospodarstwa domowe w Polsce a masowy rynek konsumpcyjny

Author(s): Teresa Słaby,Artur Czech / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2019

New consumption trends are triggered by, among others, the demographic structure of each population, in particular by the change in the structure of households. One of the main change factors is the evolution of the family model. According to Eurostat data, among the EU-28 countries, the most common in 2017 were a one-person households (33.6%). Their fraction increased compared to 2007 by 3.7 percentage points (Household composition statistics, 2018). The change of the family model has brought a strong increase in the number of one-person households also in Poland (so-called singles). It is estimated that by 2030 the share of contemporary singles of different ages will increase in global terms to over 30%, especially in big cities. In Poland in 2017, the fraction of these households was 23.5%. Satisfying the various needs of singles has shaped the market of goods and services addressed to this group of consumers. The lifestyle of singles is differentiated by several factors that affect their consumer behavior. The authors, using CSO (Central Statistical Office) data from household budget surveys from 2016, examined the impact of selected factors on the expenditures of large-sized singles in two age groups. Logistic regression model was applied, which does not require to satisfy the linear dependence of variables. The application utility of the selected analysis model is translated into information important for the marketing activities of enterprises that try to adapt their market offer to the expectations of a growing group of Polish one-person households.

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Sklop zgrada Prirodoslovnog muzeja i Zoološkog vrta na Marjanu

Author(s): Katja Marasović,Robert Plejić / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 42-43/2017

The Natural History Museum and Zoo compound in Split contains four buildings: a small restaurant built in 1909; a large restaurant built in 1913 and redeveloped into the Natural History Museum in 1926; the Split Aquarium built east of the museum, in 1928. All the buildings are derelict due to a single, rather persistent problem: a significant lack of financial resources. In 1991, the museum building suffered damage in the earthquake and was subsequently closed to the public. The small restaurant closed its doors in the same year. The aquarium was demolished in the period 1995 – 1996 due to its derelict structure. It has been established after a thorough critical analysis that the Zoo and museum compound, including the Meteorological Observatory building, represent significant architectural achievements that were designed in the first half of the 20th century by, then, the two most prominent architects from Split, Petar Senjanović and Josip Kodl. Petar Senjanović designed some of the most famous Art Nouveau buildings in the city. Josip Kodl, however, with his specifically designed buildings, introduced Early Modernism into his hometown. Senjanović, who was a graduate from the University of Vienna and Kodl, who was a gradute of Charles University in Prague, displayed, through their respective building designs, the immense artistic creativity in harmony with natural surroundings. The designs of the observatory roof and the small restaurant terrace were highly innovative at the time: their flat surfaces were made of reinforced concrete. These significant architectural accomplishments are reflective of the cultural identity of the city and its administration. Tolerance and, above all, enthusiasm towards new artistic concepts that were consantly displayed in this small Mediterranean city located in the peripheral region of the Dual Monarchy, should still inspire all the future renovation projects that would include both the compound and its surroundings.

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Nove potvrde o izvornoj dekoraciji krova Dioklecijanova mauzoleja

Author(s): Vinka Marinković / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 42-43/2017

This paper addresses recent research findings on the stone fragment from the Split City Museum Collection of Stone Monuments (catalogue number MGS 4316). It has been established by the recent thorough analysis that this architectural stone fragment is in fact the imbrex of the gabled porch of Diocletian’s Mausoleum. Furthermore, the details that have recently been revealed on Vicko Andrić’s drawings, who was a renowned conservationist and architect from Split, confirm the accuracy of the analysis findings. It is also evident from the drawing that, during sounding procedure of the mausoleum roof in 1851, Andrić discovered a fragment similar to the one in the Split City Museum, yet slightly different in terms of figurative illustration. His fragment reveals a creature with bovine and human features, a common motif in the iconography of the works in Diocletian’s Palace. Based on the evidence presented above, the author suggests that there might have been more such fragments, assuming that they were exclusively installed on the edge joints of the eaves and the gabled porch of the Mausoleum.

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НИМЕНЬГСКИЙ ПРИХОД ОНЕЖСКОГО УЕЗДА АРХАНГЕЛЬСКОЙ ГУБЕРНИИ: СТРОИТЕЛЬНАЯ ИСТОРИЯ

Author(s): Andrey B. Bode,Tatiana V. Zhigaltsova,Evgeny Valentinovich Khodakovsky / Language(s): Russian Issue: 6/2020

The study presents the history of constructing a church complex in Nimenga settlement from the Onezhsky district of the Arkhangelsk region, one of the understudied objects of Russian wooden architecture. The paper analyzes previously unpublished archival sources of the XIX century dealing with the construction of the first wooden churches (the Church of the Annunciation and the Church of the Transfiguration), two cemetery chapels, and Yudmozero Church of the Theotokos of Tikhvin (1863) in the Nimenga Parish of the Onega uyezd (Arkhangelsk province). The study is also based on the on-site field inspections of the preserved historical objects – the Church of the Transfiguration (1878) and the bell tower (1764), which enabled the authors to graphically recreate the original appearance of these objects. As a result, the authors introduced new factual data to the academic community, traced the construction timeline, described the specific architectural features of the studied objects, and made conclusions about the full construction history of the Nimenga church complex between the XVII and the XIX centuries.

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