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A new double foundation deposit in the Hathor Shrine of Tuthmosis III at Deir el-Bahari

Author(s): Nathalie Beaux,Mariusz Caban,Dawid F. Wieczorek / Language(s): English Issue: XXVII/2018

A double foundation deposit was found in the souteastern part of the Tuthmosis III Hathor shrine at Deir el-Bahari. The architectural features, a pit with a niche at the bottom, confirm the dating of both of these deposits to the times of Tuthmosis III. An original feature of the southeastern one is the initial circular cavity changed into a semicircular one by the building of a mudbrick wall in the east. Several courses of mud bricks built up the rim of the pit above the rock-carved cavity. The whole structure was plastered inside with mud plaster. The bricks were mostly reused from the Middle Kingdom structure of Mentuhotep II. The content, although disturbed, still consists of organic offerings as well as ceramics, but no inscribed material.

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A Pákei Lajos által tervezett síremlékekről

Author(s): Beáta Bordás / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 1/2022

Lajos Pákei (1853–1921) was Kolozsvár’s (Cluj-Napoca) most significant architect at the end of the 19th century, and one of the most influential in determining the city’s image. Trained in Budapest, Munich and then Vienna, he was a chief engineer later turned into an independent architect who also made his mark in the fields of industrial education and monument protection. He designed exemplary Unitarian buildings such as the Unitarian schools in Kolozsvár and Székelykeresztúr (Cristuru Secuiesc). He is also remembered for his designs of numerous public buildings, country houses, villas, private houses and funerary monuments. Although the funerary monuments are fewer in number compared to his other projects, they form an important part of his oeuvre, and are closely linked to his public monuments and smaller sculptural works.Pákei designed funerary monuments during several important stages of his long career, including the fi rst, highly acclaimed monument that he designed in 1882, while still the city’s chief engineer. At the peak of his career, in the late 1890s, when he was also awarded commissions for major public buildings, he designed the final resting places of two prominent figures of the Unitarian Church, Mózes Berde (1815–1893) and Sámuel Brassai (1797–1897). The latter major commission occupied him until almost 1910. This study traces the concept, design and exceptional sense of form of Pákei’s four most important funerary monuments, and provides their art historical description.

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A record of the transport of stone blocks on ostrakon DeB/F.608

Author(s): Mirosław Barwik / Language(s): English Issue: XXVIII/2019

Ostrakon DeB/F.608 was found in the area of the Temple of Tuthmosis III at Deir el-Bahari. There are good reasons, however, to link it to the building of the Temple of Queen Hatshepsut and more precisely to the transport of stone blocks by a crew of eight men. Five of them can be identified as foreigners, presumably Asiatic slaves brought to Egypt as a result of military campaign(s) in the early Eighteenth Dynasty.

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A Review of the Exhibition Nikola Dobrović: Under the Banners of Modernist Movements (SASA Gallery, Belgrade, May 24 – October 2, 2022)

Author(s): Marta M. Vukotić Lazar / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2022

exhibition review

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A Study of Indoor Environment of Large Glazed Office Building in Semi Arid Climate

Author(s): Mounira Badeche,Yasmina Bouchahm / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2021

In recent years the rate of buildings with large glazed facades is rapidly increasing, particularly in office buildings. Where, the creation of a suitable thermal and visual comfort is a significant factor affecting productivity. The use of large glazed facades without adapted shading measure generates thermal and visual discomfort, wich ranges from uncomfortable environment conditions to serious health effects. Specialized work and literature about performance evaluation of large glazed office buildings in relation to their environment are lacking in semi arid climates, characterized by significant intensity of solar radiations in the summer period of the year. This study investigates the impact of large glazing areas on thermal and visual comfort in a sample of naturally ventilated office building located in the semi arid climate of Algeria (36°, 17 N and 7°, 23’ E). A Post Occupancy Evaluation technique (POE), being a mainstream activity in the process of building operation phase is used for this purpose. The main objective is to stress practitioners, specifically architects, to take conscious decisions in an early phase of design process. The study clearly highlighted discomfort in the studied office building. It included unacceptable temperature arising from glazed facade; overheating due to excessive solar gains; insufficient ventilation and poor daylighting. The results indicate that such large fenestration system is not recommended in summer time. However, a judicious choice of the glazing size and type by simulation tools must balance lighting and thermal needs.

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A Study of Islamic Leaders’ Strategic Role in Islamic Architectures

Author(s): Hamid Reza Shojaifard,Zahra Sajadi / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2019

The architecture issue is one of the important factors in Islamic civilization that Muslims have considered a lot in religious leaders' teachings. The applied purposes of this article are based on the religious Imams' statements including scientific and practical approaches to the Islamic architectural harmonization, urban structures and elimination factors that destroy urban civilizations. Religious leaders have commented on Islamic architecture leading to civilized societies. These comments include urbanization, making green spaces, building structures facing Qibla, building horizontal-oriented houses and avoiding some special manifestations in architecture such as statues. As one of the dimensions of art is architecture, Muslims have paid attention to the constuction of mosques and monasteries, which are quite present in Islamic architecture. It is a descriptive and analytical article; and it refers to architectural modeling features that religious leaders have introduced in their speeches.

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A study of lime-gravel columns method for improving the properties of expansive soils

Author(s): Norah Nizam,Rami Ousta / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Facilities built on expansive soils face many difficulties, as these soils may exhibit good behavior in dry seasons and quickly turn into problematic soils when exposed to water, causing cracks and fractures in the constructed structures, which may lead to putting them out of service. This method aims to treat the soil beneath the facility by implementing columns of lime and gravel around the perimeter, so that the lime diffused from these columns into the surrounding soil beneath the foundations ensures long-term modification of the soil and the enhancement of its properties. However, lime columns may lose their resistance over time. Therefore, adding gravel to the column material ensures good long-term resistance to these columns. Through this study, an economical and effective method can be found in treating the problems resulting from expansive soils, when taking into account that lime is a less expensive material, and adding gravel reduces the amount of lime required for treatment in addition this method improves the properties of the soil below the foundations without the need for expensive equipment and machineries such as the injection method.

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A Study of Parthian Settlements of Northern Basin of Qizil Uzan in Vicinity of Upper Tarom, Zanjan-Iran

Author(s): Reza Moghaddam,Farzad Mafi,Reza Shabani Samgh Abadi / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2020

Upper Tarom Valley is located in the northern regions of Zanjan province, between two mountain ranges parallel to Alborz. The Qizil Uzanriver flows from northwest to southeast, from amid the valley. Considering some particular geographical and geomorphological features of the region, as a micro-climate, archaeological studies of the region are of extra importance. An extensive systematic survey which has been carried out within the boundaries of Ab Bar and Darram rural districts – located in the Central District of Tarom County, the north side of Qizil Uzan- led to the identification of 39 archaeological sites, in 12 of which cultural traces of Parthian period had been discovered. Preliminary study of Parthian considered areas indicates persistent settlement during Parthian period. Furthermore, the 20 hectares area of Darram castle shows the key role of the surveyed area in late centuries of Parthian rule. Scrutinizing the Parthian pottery in the area also shows that the area’s pottery has been influenced by the pottery of north, northwest and west of Iran, as well as its’ own endogenous characteristics. Due to the environmental patterns of the settlement in the area, it seems that most of the population had lived by agricultural and horticultural occupations.

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A sustainable solution for prefabricated residential buildings

Author(s): Cristian Petcu,Daniel Barbu-Mocănescu,Andreea Dutu (Casuta) / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2021

For the European Union (EU), the energy demand of the building sector is evaluated at 40% of final energy consumption. Within this, the residential sector accounts for 63% of total energy consumption. These values justify the sustained effort for increasing building energy performance and to obtain efficient building materials, designs and solutions. However, the exclusive use of conservative construction products creates further problems as they require a considerable amount of energy for production and end-of-life management, in a context where EU priority issues are an efficient post-use of building materials, preferably in a circular economy context, and moving towards “zero carbon” buildings, a concept that soon will integrate the embedded energy and CO2 emissions. Therefore, it is essential to find new ways to reduce both the embedded CO2 in building materials, as well as CO2 associated with operational energy and to facilitate the post-use integration in economy. This paper presents a sustainable solution that meets these requirements, by integrating natural resources and agriculture by-products, with minimum embedded energy, in a novel design suitable for industrialization. The model is assessed from the point of view of the building energy demand and compared with a conventional unit using same architecture.

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A székelyudvarhelyi unitárius templom, Pákei Lajos építész egyik kiváló alkotása

Author(s): Beáta Bordás / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 1/2021

In order to commemorate 100 years from the passing of the renowned Transylvanian architect Lajos Pákei (1853–1921), this study presents one of his greatest accomplishments, the Unitarian church from Székelyudvarhely, focusing on the description of the newly discovered original plans drawn by the architect himself, but also analysing the role of this building in Pákei’s oeuvre. During his career, Pákei projected more than a hundred buildings (among them, high-priority public buildings) and several funeral monuments or sculptural decorations, becoming the most important Hungarian architect from Kolozsvár (Cluj-Napoca) at the last quarter of the 19th century and around the turn of the 20th century. One of his main professional interests was finding the ideal layout and style for the newly built Unitarian churches, resulting in seven churches which were constructed according to Pákei’s plans and seven others remaining only on paper. In addition to these, he also projected the Roman-Catholic parish church from Dicsőszentmárton (Târnăveni), and – presumably – three other Unitarian churches. This long string of Unitarian churches starts from the first project for the monumental church in Bölön (Belin) dating from 1891, and finishes in 1917, with the plans for the church from Brassó (Brașov). The Unitarian parish from Székelyudvarhely (Odorheiu Secuiesc) was established only in 1872, and following a long preparation period, the small community decided to build a church only in 1891. After two failed attempts to project and construct the church, in 1901 the Unitarian Church commissioned Pákei to draw the plans for an imposing building. In April 1902 he finalised the design, and miraculously, the original folder containing all the floor plans and drawings for the facades survived, being rediscovered last year during the church’s renovation. Based on this plans the study describes the architectural features of this building, which was erected between 1906–1908 by a local constructor, Benjámin Fekete. The church’s layout resembles the initial plan for the church from Bölön (Belin) (1891), combining the central and longitudinal plan, but after this building, Pákei started to design churches with central plan. For the main façade of the church from Székelyudvarhely (Odorheiu Secuiesc), Pákei merged elements of the Italian Renaissance and Classical Greek architecture, resulting in an imposing and balanced outlook, which harmonises well with the simplified interior.

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A technical and iconographic analysis of medieval tiles from Lipowiec castle

Author(s): Joanna Małocha / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2017

Since the turn of the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries the Lipowiec castle (the municipality of Babice, the district of Chrzanów, Lesser Poland Voivodeship) has played an important role in the history of the Church in Kraków and Lesser Poland. In the following centuries it was not only a fortress and residence of the hierarchy, but also a place of retreat for clergy and an episcopal prison. At the present time – preserved in the form of a permanent ruin – the castle serves as one of the most interesting attractions of the region. Professional historical, architectural and archaeological studies of this property were carried out in the second half of the twentieth century but the historical material obtained in the course of the examination has not been a subject of a detailed analysis as yet. The article presents an analysis of an ensemble of medieval tiles discovered during the study in the years 1967–1974 and includes both technological aspects as well as an analysis of iconographic relics. It also presents evidence that was used to determine the chronology of the ensemble – technological and stylistic analogies as well as information resulting from the stratigraphic position of the given finding. An integral part of the article is an array of prints and a catalog of the discussed objects divided plate-like tiles (group I) and pottery and bowl tiles (group II).

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A természetben létrehozott művészi alkotások performativitása

Author(s): Andrea Căbuz / Language(s): Hungarian

The art theory discourse is in lack of terminology regarding the analysis ofconnections and interactions between nature and contemporary art – especiallyartworks that are in connection or are created in a natural environment. Theaim of this book is to introduce and define starting points and terminology inthe analysis of man-made interventions in natural environments that have someaesthetic value and artistic intentions. These terms are interdisciplinary and areused mostly in the realm between theatre and visual arts. I argue for exampleterms like: performativity, performative space, viewer, site-specific, aura, atmosphere,etc. The dimensions of the research do not allow a large number ofartworks to be discussed. Therefore, it can only include specifically illustratedand underlined subjects.

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A Turn to Fratres Minores. The Franciscans in 13th-century Lesser Poland and the patronage of Duke Boleslaus the Chaste

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A Turn to Fratres Minores. The Franciscans in 13th-century Lesser Poland and the patronage of Duke Boleslaus the Chaste

Author(s): Piotr Pajor / Language(s): English Issue: Special/2015

The time around the middle of the thirteenth century was a period of popularization of the mendicant orders in the whole of Central Europe including Lesser Poland, which was one of the duchies existing after the feudal fragmentation of Poland. The Franciscans in particular, who arrived in Cracow during the apostolic mission led by the Saxon province, were quickly taken under the patronage of Duke Boleslaus the Chaste, who founded a church as his mausoleum in Cracow, although his predecessors were buried in Cracow Cathedral. The duke also founded cloisters in Nowy Korczyn and Zawichost; his sister, Salomea, became the first Polish St. Clara’s nun; his wife, Kunegund of Hungary, as a widow established and joined the convent in Stary Sącz. In this way Franciscans became the most important order, protected by the local ducal family. The same process took place in other Polish provinces and had significant consequences. For instance, in Silesia the local branch of the Piast dynasty was strongly connected with the Cistercians, but Duke Henry the Pious and his heirs of the Wrocław throne were buried in Franciscan churches. This turn to the Mendicants in the Piast dukes’ patronage seems to be much more complex than in, for example, Bohemia. In Lesser Poland this phenomena is even more visible because of some extraordinary examples, such as the central—Greek cross—plan of the Franciscan church in Cracow or the relocation of the first Clarissan cloister from Zawichost to the isolated site near the former castle of Scala. Comparative analysis of the role of the Franciscan cloisters in Boleslaus the Chaste's patronage and propaganda will be the main subject of the paper.

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A universal standard for health-promoting places. Example of assessment – on the basis of a case study of Rahway River Park

Author(s): Monika Trojanowska / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2021

The purpose of this paper is to contribute to development of approaches to the evaluation of the design of public open green spaces (POS). This paper presents a universal standard for the design of health-promoting urban places. The standard is a conceptual framework which was developed after visiting over one hundred public parks and therapeutic gardens in Europe and the United States. The universal standard is a simple and effective tool that can be used by both professional designers and non-professionals to improve the health-promoting qualities of open green spaces. Rahway River Park, designed by Olmsted Brothers in 1925, serves as a case study.

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Acoustic analysis of selected sacred buildings in Szczecin

Author(s): Agata Stolarska,Jarosław Strzałkowski,Agata Kandybowicz / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2021

The aim of this study was to acoustically assess selected sacred buildings located in Szczecin. The research part contains the research methodology and the results obtained. The research was carried out using two methods. The first one is the integrated impulse response method where, using a bursting balloon, the time of sound pressure drop was measured at selected points of the object. In the second research method, the interrupted noise method, the sound pressure drop was measured after the noise generated by the omnidirectional loudspeaker had ceased. Reverberation time was calculated for the results obtained, which is the main and basic parameter determining the interior acoustics. On the basis of the above-mentioned measurements, the reverberation indicators for the temples were also calculated. When analysing the components of the reverberation indicator, it was noticed that poor acoustics in the sanctuary concerns speech, while interior acoustics is good for the reception of organ music. In the analysed church, the reception of liturgical music is also better than the reception of speech, but the differences between these values are small.

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Activitatea Uniunii Arhitecţilor din Republica Sovietică Socialistă Moldovenească

Author(s): Alina Ostapov / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 1/2019

The Union of Architects of the Soviet Socialist Republic of Moldova unified the specialists in the field and was the centre of polarization of the socialist architectural-urban ideas. The design activity of the members of the Union of Architects was formed by the central power and depended on the political decisions of the state. The creativity of the architects was constantly coordinated, verified, sustained and criticized in the Congresses of architects, where political leaders participated. Decision-making power is outlined both in solving major issues and in the smallest details. Nevertheless, all these did not prevent the increase of the members of the Union of Architects, although the professional identity of many creative people was destroyed.

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Activități și ateliere „live”. Schönberg Live Studio

Author(s): Cristina Constantin / Language(s): English,Romanian Issue: 1/2021

The paper offers a “cold look” (because some time has passed) but also a “warm” look (because it gives a personal reflection of reality) on the experience of Schönberg Live Studio, a summer school in its first edition. I hope it will be resumed, year after year, thus accompanying the rebirth of a former household and of the Center for Vernacular Architecture Studies in Dealu Frumos, part of the “Ion Mincu” University of Architecture and Urban Planning

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Ad hoc Prayer Spaces – a Challenge of the Architecture of the 21th Century

Author(s): Agnieszka Szuta / Language(s): English Issue: 21/2021

This article considers the problem of arranging places of prayer in the vicinity of universities and dormitories. A survey was conducted among students living in the dormitories of the Gdańsk University of Technology in order to determine if there was a real need to arrange such spaces. Subsequently, examples of temporary chapels designed in the last 20 years in Western European countries were presented. Analysis of the selected facilities and discussions based on literature studies made it possible to draw conclusions on the possibilities and ways of shaping temporary prayer spaces in the often historic and crowded university environments. The research included in situ investigations.

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ADAPTABILITATEA SPAȚIULUI PUBLIC. Centrul istoric București

Author(s): Andra Panait,Elena Cristina Mândrescu,Traian Colțan / Language(s): English,Romanian Issue: 13/2021

The topic of this article is a reflection on the versatility of architecture and the role of public space in the making of the city, based on the study conducted by the design studio for the first project of the 3rd year of study, Places of the city. Public space gives the structure of the city and can be understood as a series of layers, of distinct registers super-imposed over time, which must not be interpreted by homogenization or reduction. Public space is a concept with a wide range of meanings and its reduction to only one of its characteristics erodes its essence and leads to a loss of its richness of nuances. It takes place not only at a concrete but also at a symbolic level. It signifies the memory and continuity of urban life and its specificity is closely linked to the meanings assigned to it by its users.

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ADAPTAREA BIOCLIMATICĂ A LOCUINȚEI TRADIȚIONALE ROMÂNEȘTI

Author(s): Adrian Moleavin / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 3/2011

Domeniul arhitecturii s-a constituit, întotdeauna, într-o reflexie a societăţii, o expresie a momentului în care o construcţie a fost concepută si edificată. Noile clădiri sunt, o parte a istoriei arhitecturale a momentului, dar si o previziune a viitorului arhitecturii. Arhitectura este o expresie a erei sale prin patru elemente, sintetizate de arhitectul John Lobell, profesor la „Pratt Institute" ( Brooklyn, New York): - este construită în spaţiul si timpul erei sale, - este construită din materialele si prin metodele de construcţie ale erei sale, - este construită din structurile de conştiinţă ale oamenilor erei sale, si - este construită în contextul socio — cultural al erei sale. În cartea „Arhitectura si criza ştiinţei moderne", istoricul si criticul de arhitectură Alberto Perez-Gdmez pune sub semnul întrebării o parte însemnată din istoria si teoria arhitecturii moderne. El relaţionează marile tratate de arhitectură cu cele mai importante scrieri ale filosofilor, matematicienilor, oamenilor de ştiinţă si inginerilor care au trăit în perioadele de timp aferente, urmărind astfel procesul prin care bazele mistice si numerologice ale utilizării numerelor si geometriei în arhitectură au fost înlăturate în favoarea practicilor tehnice si funcţionaliste. Accentul este pus pe secolul XVII si scrierile lui Claude Perrault, care a pus sub semnul întrebării valoarea estetică absolută a ordinelor clasice si proporţiile "perfecte". Această eliberare de practica arhitecturii clasice, coroborată cu descoperirile secolului XVIII din ştiinţa mecanicii si matematica (calculul) structurilor, a transformat profund practica arhitecturală. În final, disertaţia lui Alberto Perez-Gdmez se referă la efectul imprevizibil acestui proces si anume la pierderea capacităţii culturii noastre de a se exprima pe sine, unitar, în totalitate, prin toate atributele: ştiinţifice, umaniste şi mistice.

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