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A történettudomány válsága és haszna az antropocén témák tükrében: egyenlőtlenség, hatalom, világrendszer, ellenállás és deep history (Bonneuil és Fressoz: The Shock of the Anthropocene; Lewis és Maslin: The Human Planet)

Author(s): Róbert Balogh / Language(s): Hungarian / Issue: 25/2019

The importance of the books reviewed here lies in their ability to go beyond the Anthropocene versus Capitalocene debate and in describing a framework of notions that lead to the conclusion that the adequate response to the risks that global biophysical changes bring about is a new mode of living replacing the current form of consumer capitalism. The authors of the two books are two ecologists and two historians. Their arguments converge on the point that if we live in the Anthropocene, then the academic response to this condition is a critical theory that includes a new narrative about human history and analysis of the processes that brought about the current condition and that need to be changed. The new ground that the volumes break makes it possible to hypothesize that historiography may overcome its decades-long crisis as a result of increasing sensitivity to socio-natural phenomena and interaction with biological sciences.

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ABOUT COPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY OF MULTINATIONAL COMPANIES

Author(s): Silvia Elena Isachi / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2017

This research paper is developed from the perspective of the sustainability of the economic process, the main purpose of analyzing the relationship between social performance and financial performance of companies, and especially the multinational companies. Multinational companies are those in that practice corporate social responsibility is most strongly developed, given their size, financial resources at their disposal, and exposure to various business environments, with different requirements and standards. The intensification global competition puts also pressure to the performance of companies and on a global market increasingly competitive, companies, whether multinational or domestic, attempted business solutions to identify optimal approaches through the prism of profit or integrated approach. Therefore, a number of increasingly more investors become interested not only in the financial performance of companies, but also how companies fulfill their social responsibilities, leading inevitably to changing the orientation pure financial to take consider other issues.

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Access to Water in the Context of the International Watercourse: A Theory of the Community of Interest

Author(s): Mihajlo Vučić / Language(s): English / Issue: 3/2019

Securing free and equal access to water for individuals is foremost an objective of international water law. This article analyses the community of interest theoretical framework for the creation and implementation of rules that can achieve this objective. This theory is in line with the natural unity of the watercourse that traverses political borders between states. However, legal doctrine is not unanimous concerning its practical value, state practices largely evade it, and case law only provides declarative support without indicating precise contents of community rights and obligations. It seems that practical application of the community of interest theory is only possible through meticulous and systematic application of positive legal rules based on limited territorial sovereignty theory, in the spirit of joint management and use of common water resources.

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Accessing and utilizing services by rural borderland communities in South-Western Nigeria

Author(s): Kehinde Olayinka POPOOLA,Susanne E. SPEAK / Language(s): English / Issue: 4 (48)/2018

Borderland communities hold a strategic position in many countries. However, in spite of this, many of these communities, specifically in Nigeria, are still characterized by neglect and underdevelopment. Based on the above fact, this study explores the service deprivation and coping strategies of rural borderland communities in South-Western Nigeria. The study revealed that the majority of inhabitants of rural borderland (64.0%) get their water supply straight from streams and are bound to cover distances of 500 meters or longer to collect water. Similarly, the majority of them defecate in bush reserves around their houses.

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Accumulation of heavy metals in birch and pine forest roadside phytocenoses in the south of Tyumen region

Author(s): E.I. Popova / Language(s): English / Issue: 3/2018

We conducted a complex investigation of anthropogenic roadside phytocoenoses. For the study, 8 plots (birch and pine forests) were selected, close to roads in the south of Tyumen region within the five administrative districts: Uporovsky, Zavodoukovsky, Yalutorovskiy, Yarkovsky, and Tobolsk. As a result of the studies, 75 species of vascular plants from 21 families were noted in the plant communities. It was found that the majority of the total projective cover of the plant communities was provided by synanthropic species. In the synanthropic fraction of the flora, 33 species belonging to 11 families were identified, those with the most species being: Scrophulariaceae, Compositeae, Rubiaceae, Poaceae, Fabaceae, Polygonaceae, Umbellíferae. The index of synanthropization of the flora of the studied phytocenoses is in the range from 43% to 64%. Among the identified pollutants accumulated in the phytocenoses, the group of heavy metals was identified (Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Sr, Zn). Needles of Pinus sylvestris L. mainly accumulate Cr, Cu, Ni, Sr. The greatest concentration of Pb and Zn was found in the leaves of Betula pendula Roth. The content of other heavy metals in the leaves of Betula pendula Roth. during the growing season was relatively stable. Accumulation of heavy metals in the studied components of forest ecosystems can be displayed structurally: soil > leaves < phytomass (birch forests), soil < needles > phytomass (pine forests). Methodological approaches to conducting a complex of long-term observations of natural ecosystems have been formulated, substantiated and justified.

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Accumulation of sulfur and glutathione in leaves of woody plants growing under the conditions of outdoor air pollution by sulfur dioxide

Author(s): A.V. Sklyarenko,V. P. Bessonova / Language(s): English / Issue: 4/2018

In the course of human industrial activity, atmospheric air is polluted by gaseous pollutants, among which sulfur compounds, and sulfur dioxide (SO2) in particular, play a key role. Vegetation is a universal filter that is capable, in conjunction with certain technical facilities, of protecting the environment from pollution by the ingredients of industrial emissions. The purpose of this work is to determine the level of accumulation of sulfur and glutathione in the leaves of woody plants growing in the areas of sanitary protection zones of enterprises of the city of Zaporizhzhya in order to develop recommendations for the creation of an effective biofilter. The objects of the study were the woody plant species growing in the area of protective plantations of a number of enterprises in Zaporizhzhya: RE Zaporizhzhya Titanium & Magnesium Combine, Zaporizhzhya Aluminium Plant PJSC, Zaporizhzhya Abrasive Plant PJSC, Zaporizhstal PJSC, Zaporizhzhya Ferroalloy Plant PJSC, Zaporizhvohnetryv PJSC, PrJSC "Ukrgrafit" and Zaporizhtransformator PJSC. The control area was a forest belt located 12 km away from the source of pollution. At each site 5 model trees of a given age category of each species were selected. The leaves needed in order to determine the sulfur content were taken from the south-eastern side of the crown at a distance of 2 m above the soil surface under the same lighting conditions. We have established that the accumulation of sulfur in leaves of woody plants which grow under the conditions of outdoor air pollution by sulfur dioxide (SO2) occurs during the entire vegetation period, with the young leaves that have just finished growing being the most affected. The maximum amount of sulfur is observed at the end of the growing season.

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Action Plans for Sustainable Procurement Across the Public Sector with Impact on Supply Chain

Author(s): Teodora Păducel / Language(s): English / Issue: S2/2009

Public procurement can influence trends in production and consumption, a considerable demand for environmental goods by public authorities to create or expand markets for products and services environmentally friendly. In this way, companies will be encouraged to develop environmental technology designed to prevent or reduce the effects on environment at any stage of the life cycle of products or activities. Green Public Procurement will influence the whole supply chain, the use of raw materials and production methods to the types of packaging used and that certain conditions of reception of waste.

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ADAPTATION OF NEW DWELLING HOUSES IN EAST TOWNS TO THE HISTORICAL ENVIRONMENT (CASE ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN)

Author(s): Javad Abdolhoseyni / Language(s): English / Issue: 3/2009

The greatest problem for such kind of historical cities is reconstruction ways of their structure and types of construction. Considering characteristic cities and regional specifications of Iran by this goal, some researching that belonging to changing possible to environment resolution for their development was carried out. For example, Yazd got the most power in the last periods for out of city buildings according to its natural climate and social-economical opportunities. These are low-storied yard spaces, construction complexes and many-storied buildings. Adaptation matter to historical environment and adaptation character of new viewing buildings and multi-storied buildings of Iran are in other direction fully. It is a separated system of powerfully prepared group construction of multi-sectional manystoried buildings.

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ADAY MÜZİK ÖĞRETMENLERİNİN PİYANO EĞİTİMİ SÜRECİNDEKİ BİREYSEL ÇALIŞMA YÖNTEMLERİNİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ

Author(s): Ezgi Babacan / Language(s): Turkish / Issue: 1/2014

This research is carried out to evaluate the music teacher candidates' individual working methods in piano education process. Research is descriptive, and relational survey model has been applied. The sample group of the study has been consisted of 15 students (from Necmettin Erbakan University - Faculty of Education - Fine Arts / Music Training Dept. 2nd grade - 4th term) who have accomplished past three terms without any fail. After determining the basic techniques and musical behaviors for piano education, an observation form has been created. This form has been used to evaluate the study methods and working steps of students in process of studying a new piano piece. The data received from observation form has been analysed by SPSS (v18) software. To measure frequency (f), percentage (%), average (x), differences of behaviors, Pearson X2 test has been applied. According to results in the process of individual study; the students are often performing right sitting position, analysing the piece before start reading it, seldomly performing the behaviors in reading and studying steps, and not performing the behaviors in interpretation step. The correlation analysis indicates that each steps of individual studying process in piano education have connection with each other in positive way and have great effectiveness on other steps.

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Addressing Environmental Crimes and Marine Pollution in the EU: Compendium of International and EU Law Instruments

Author(s): Nicola Giovannini,Luigi Melica,Marco Giannotta,Malena Zingoni / Language(s): English / Publication Year: 2013

This publication draws upon the materials of a training course for legal professionals from selected EU Member States as well as countries on the road to EU membership, geographically located along the coast of the Adriatic sea (namely Italy, Bulgaria, Albania, Montenegro, Croatia), which was organised by the Department of Legal Studies of the University of Salento, in partnership with The Center for the Study of Democracy and Droit au Droit. The purpose of the training sessions, held in Lecce, Italy, and Sofia, Bulgaria, was to train legal professionals on the EU legislation and jurisprudence on environmental crimes in order to strengthen their knowledge and competence in the sector as well as their capacity to contribute to their effective enforcement. It contains a presentation of the most relevant international treaties and conventions related to the matter as well as of the comprehensive legal framework established by the EU to ensure the implementation of its environmental protection policy. This publication is a part of the “Judicial Training and Research on European crimes against the environment and maritime pollution” project, supported by the European Commission’s Directorate-General for Justice.

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Addressing Environmental Crimes and Marine Pollution in the EU: Legal guidelines and case studies

Author(s): Nicola Giovannini,Luigi Melica,Entela Cukani,Marco Giannotta,Malena Zingoni / Language(s): English / Publication Year: 2013

The purpose of this handbook is to provide to judges, prosecutors, forensic officers and other legal practitioners an overview of the existing European and international instruments and rules aimed at tackling environmental crimes and in particular marine pollution, as well as an analysis of the challenges faced in their implementation and enforcement process.

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Advantages and Limits of Using Pollution Control Tools as Strategic Options in the Management of Organizations

Author(s): Oana-Cătălina Ţăpurică / Language(s): English / Issue: 4/2013

The paper aims to outline some of the pollution control tools and the advantages and limits of using them as strategic options within the management of the organizations. We provide a short literature review on the pollution control tools evolution and we emphasize the fact that there were three important stages that marked this evolution. Also, we propose a short classification of the pollution control tools identifying the most important criteria of sorting them. Afterwards, we provide an non-exhaustive analysis of both the advantages and limits of these elements, which is fundamental in the process of capitalization of the pollution control tools within the management of the organizations, through amplifying their strategic dimension. Therefore, the knowledge of the strengths and of the weaknesses of each pollution control tool represents a mandatory decisional input for the top management of the organizations, in their strategy foundation within the environmental protection.

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Aeolian energy – the energy of the future?

Author(s): Cristina Georghe / Language(s): English / Issue: 10/2009

The beginning of the III rd millennium faces a more and more concrete threatening: exhaustion of Earth resources and the entrance in a state of collapse as long as the states of the world will not find, as soon as possible, some alternative resources that they can use in the most important fields of activities. Aeolian energy represents a solution in what concerns the exhaustion of resources of fossil fuels, but not only. Aeolian energy also represents an alternative in what concerns the protection of the surrounding environment, its noxious effects being incomparable smaller than the ones produces by conventional energy. As a response to this threatening of the III rd millennium, the states of the world will have to unite their forces in the activity of research and implementation of some sustainable alternatives, the most important scope being the protection of the environment and of the finite resources of the Earth.

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Aging in place. Design w obronie wieku

Author(s): Grzegorz Gawron,Paulina Rojek-Adamek / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 02/2017

The subject of the article is to reflect on the challenges that contemporary designfaces in the area of shaping urban space.This issue is particularly important in the context of the observed process of aging, which is associated with the necessity to adjust the physical and social environments to the changing needs of a growing group of seniors. Their free and independent functioning is determined to a large extent by external factors, including spaces that are their living environment. There is a place for a special dimension of urban design. Its main goal should be to create environments that facilitate the maintenance of good health, generating a sense of security and maintaining a sense of well-being of their users. This approach is directly linked to the concept of Aging in Place, understood as giving the opportunity to remain in the living environment at every stage of life, with maximum autonomy for as long as possible.

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AGRO ECOLOGICAL PARTICULARITIES OF MOUNTAIN-MEADOW LANDSCAPES OF SOUTH-EAST SLOPE OF MAIN CAUCASIAN RANGE

Author(s): Ilham Ildirim Mardanov / Language(s): English / Issue: 7/2010

The Disadvantage natural processes, occurring in high-mountainous zone, are reflected on physical-chemical and, consequently, agro production characteristic of soils of alpine and sub alpine meadow. Herewith exists differences of soils on agro production particularity and the other processes, with them bound. In this work are considered natural factors, influencing upon such differences and are presented some way of the achievement of the ecological balance in miscellaneous degree broken lands and way of the realization of natural defence action.

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Agroecological and agroeconomic aspects of the grain and grain legumes (pulses) yield dynamic within the Dnipropetrovsk region (period 1966–2016)

Author(s): O. V. Zhukov,T. O. Pelina,O. M. Demchuk,N. I. Demchuk,S. O. Koberniuk / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2018

This paper reveals the spatial and temporal patterns of grain and leguminous crops yield dynamics in Dnipropetrovsk region and evaluates the role of agro-environmental and agro-economic factors in their formation. Crop data were obtained from the State Statistics Service of Ukraine. The data of the grain and grain legumes (pulses) yield during 1966–2016 on average per year in the administrative districts of Dnipropetrovsk region was analysed. The obtained data indicate that average yields of cereals and leguminous crops within Dnipropetrovsk region varies from 24.3 to 33.4 CWT/ha. The smallest interannual variability in yield is typical for Vasylkivskyi district (CV = 9.9%), and the largest is typical for Yurivskyi district (CV = 27.7%). As a result of the principal component analysis of the cereals and leguminous crops yields variability, three principal components were extracted which together explain 81.2% of the overall yield variability. Principal component 1 explains 69.4% of the total variability. It indicates the total synchronous yields variation within the area investigated as all examined variables have high loading values on principal component 1. The administrative districts that form a belt located in the direction from the north east to the south west of the region have the most coordinated variance, which is reflected by principal component 1. Principal component 2 explains 6.8% of the yield variability. This principal component is sensitive to opposite yield dynamics of central and south-western districts on the one hand and the eastern and northern districts – on the other. Principal component 3 explains 4.9% of the yield variability. This principal component reveals the opposite dynamics of productivity of the central districts on the one hand and the northern and south-eastern districts on the other. The cluster analysis of administrative districts was conducted based on the dynamics of the yield of grain and leguminous as a result of which four clusters were identified. The clusters are geographically defined administrative districts, together forming spatially connected areas. The similar temporal yield dynamics of grain and leguminous crops as a result of interaction between endogenous and exogenous ecological factors is the main principle for revealling such ecologically homogeneous territories. Spatial distribution of principal components indicates a continual pattern, but their overlapping allows one to extract spatially discrete units, which we identified as agroecological zones. Each zone is characterized by a certain character and dynamics of production capacity and has an invariant pattern of response to varying climatic, environmental, and agroeconomic factors.

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Agroeconomic and agroecological aspects of spatial variation of rye (Secale cereale) yields within Polesia and the Forest-Steppe zone of Ukraine: The usage of geographically weighted principal components analysis

Author(s): O. М. Kunah,O. Y. Pakhomov,A.A. Zymaroieva,N. I. Demchuk,R.M. Skupskyi,L.S. Bezuhla,Y.P. Vladyka / Language(s): English / Issue: 4/2018

In the present article, the patterns of the geographic variability in yields of rye within Polesia and the Forest-Steppe zone of Ukraine are presented and the correlation of the factors and dynamics of an agroeconomic and agroecological nature was determined. The dynamics of rye yields in the study area over time were determined as being characterized by three extreme points: two local maxima and one local minimum. Specific terms of the polynomial curve of the fourth order can be meaningfully interpreted and applied to describe the dynamics of productivity. Free members of the polynomial indicate culture productivity in the starting period. Dynamics of the productivity that can be explained by the regression indicate that agrotechnological and agrecological conditions of agricultural production are a pervasive factor that determines the presence of a general trend. The determination coefficient of the regression total trend can be interpreted as an indicator of the role of the agrotechnological and agroeconomic factors in the dynamics of productivity. The residue of the trend regression model can be interpreted so as to include the agroecological component of the rye yields dynamics.

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Akademia Bioróżnorodności – czyli lekcje przyrody w Parku Śląskim

Author(s): Katarzyna Kowalik,Barbara Bacler-Żbikowska / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 2/2015

W Parku Śląskim, znajdującym się na granicy Chorzowa, Katowic i Siemianowic Śląskich, od kwietnia 2014 roku realizowany jest innowacyjny projekt edukacyjny pod nazwą Akademia Bioróżnorodności. Pomysłodawcą oraz wykonawcą projektu jest działająca na terenie parku Fundacja Park Śląski, która już wcześniej prowadziła warsztaty ekologiczne, spotkania dla szkół oraz organizowała Pikniki Bioróżnorodności, które cieszyły się dużą popularnością. Fundacja postanowiła zrealizować kolejny pomysł na zajęcia przyrodnicze. Dzięki dofinansowaniu otrzymanemu z Wojewódzkiego Funduszu Ochrony Środowiska i Gospodarki Wodnej w Katowicach oraz wsparciu gospodarza terenu – WPKiW S.A. w Parku zostało utworzone Laboratorium Bioróżnorodności, mieszczące się w wyremontowanych pomieszczeniach dawnego radiowęzła. Laboratorium jak i cała Akademia zostały uroczyście otwarte w czasie obchodów Światowego Dnia Parków Miejskich 20 września 2014 roku.

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Akceptacja inności – spostrzeganie odmienności narodowej studentów z Ukrainy wśród studentów uczelni krakowskich

Author(s): Romuald Wojtulewski / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 1/2016

Phenomenon of migration is present in modern world among every society. People are relocating due to career goals, educational opportunities or to settle down in better place to live. It is caused by their country’s economic situation, military conflict or individual reasons. In recent times number of Ukrainian students migrating to Poland has become arguable topic among media and academic societies. The purpose of the studies was to define attitude of Polish students to Ukrainization of universities and to ascertain the most common stereotypes od Ukrainian students. In order to measure variables the authors self-designed questionnaire including 5 Likert scale and semantic differential scale was used. The study included 100 students of different Cracow universities. Results of study has shown that polish students attitude to students from Ukraine is mostly positive, but there are deeply ingrained stereotypes about this social group.

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Ako človek prestával byť vládcom prírody

Author(s): Roman Holec / Language(s): Slovak / Issue: 1/2017

The study pays attention to the changes that occurred in the relationship between man and nature, based on selected natural disasters (from the earthquake in Lisbon, 1755, to the Fukushima nuclear power plant accident, caused by an earthquake and the subsequent tsunami in 2011). There were changes of attitude that first lead to an impression that man ruled nature and was the only creator of values, while man’s main aim was to exploit and conquer nature. However, people gradually learnt that they are helpless in the face of natural forces, and all their sins against nature will be paid back in a much more intensive form. The text focuses on the global impact of disasters, dominated by volcanic eruptions and earthquakes and also on the extent to which society is conscious of them, the way they affect mental attitudes, the language context, social situation, etc. The history of natural disasters is not a history of progress, but rather a history of human helplessness against the forces of nature. We are not able to predict earthquakes, volcanic eruptions; even floods constantly catch us by surprise with their unpredictable course and intensity. We have reached a stage where we encounter one catastrophic scenario after another. Those who open the Pandora‘s box of key issues related to the environmental problems of the past and present, which are basically the same, find themselves in that kind of labyrinth. These are not issues related to individuals, nations and countries any longer; they concern humanity as a whole.

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