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Final year students of the College of Professional Studies - Belgrade Polytechnics have been conducting the professional research projects for several years, with the aim of contributing to a better environment of the City of Belgrade. The goal of these projects, is to raise awareness of citizens, and point to the current environmental problems at the local level, as well as, to point the way of resolving them. Following research projects had been undertaken over the past five years: Belgrade citizens’ attitudes towards recycling (2008), Attitudes of school kids from Palilula schools about waste with focus on electrical and electronic waste (2009), Readiness of Belgrade citizens for acceptance of implementation of new waste management methods (2010), Research on handling of unusable medicines, with the proposal for improvement of current measures for disposal of such waste (2011), School kids attitudes towards the state of the environment in Belgrade and suggestions for improvement of it (2012). Students of the Department of Design participated in some of these projects, and significantly contributed, with their solutions, to visualization of researched matter. The most interesting results of these studies are presented in this paper.
More...Deset godina lokalnog ekološkog akcionog plana (LEAP) 2003-2013
This paper presents some of the most important results of a Bor`s citizens survey about the preparation of the revised LEAP in 2013., who indicated that there has been a significant change in attitudes toward major environmental problems and the ways of addressing them. The survey has showed that the ecological awareness of Bor `s citizens is important factor in solving ecological problems and is therefore included within the LEAP. It`s further strengthening is defined as one of the priorities of environmental policy in the future.
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The authors study experiences of the urban environment in New Belgrade and argue for an understanding of how environmental movements are mobilised and mediated by urban environments. In particular, they focus on the perceptions that have emerged through historical processes of state-driven urban development and urban appropriation by the population when the state retreated. Today, future visions of the city-to-be intersect with the lived reality of contradictions between memory, the production of public space, and its marketisation. Thus by engaging with memories of the production of the urban environment, the difficulties faced in attempts at redefining environmental relations within the city are highlighted and a broader sense of what can constitute an environmental movement is achieved.
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This case study describes an instance of international policy transfer within the framework of Romania’s National Environmental Action Programme (NEAP) and examines the policy’s domestic effects from 1993 to 2003. The article focuses on three factors: (a) international and bilateral transfer mechanisms; (b) domestic capacity to implement the policy innovation; and (c) the degree of political will in support of such policy innovation. The analysis shows that limited domestic capacities, a scarcity of available financial resources to implement national environmental strategies as well as limited political support, from the government and Ministry of Environment in particular, have hindered the effective implementation of national environmental strategies in Romania, despite international and bilateral assistance provided by the international community in support of the NEAP model.
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Galls (cecidia) are abnormal outgrowths that appear on different plant parts as a result of plant tissue development. They are caused by bacteria, fungi, nematodes, Acari and mostly insects. Galls are also caused by the substances released by insects which stimulate the excessive growth of tissues. The forms of galls and their location on the plant are specific for respective folivores species, namely the gall-makers. The paper discusses organisms causing galls on Deciduous and Coniferous trees and shrubs; e.g., gall mites (Eriophyidae), plant lice (Aphididae), gallflies (Cynipidae), gall midges or gall gnats (Cecidomyiidae), longhorn beetles (Cerambycidae), clearwing moths (Sesiidae), woolly conifer aphids (Adelgidae) and tortrix moths or leafroller moths (Tortricidae).
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Mussels from Mytilus spp. complex are important in aquatic ecosystems as well as their worldwide economic importance. Annual world production of marine mussels for consumption is around one million tons and in Europe exceeds 600.000 tons. These bivalves contain nutritious proteins, carbohydrates, mineral salts and a small amount of fat, but apart from cooks they fascinate scientists. The sensitivity of mussels to environmental pollution allows their exploitation as bioindicators. Additionally their inheritance of mitochondrial DNA is quite extraordinary. This article aims to present the blue mussel in the light of its ecology and genetics.
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Nitric oxide (NO) is a small gaseous molecule, occurring in the atmosphere as a product of human industrial activity. In the past, NO was considered mainly as a toxin. In last century there is an increasing amount of data pointing on regulatory role of NO in physiological processes occurring in animals and plants. Although, investigations on NO action in plant cells are carried on in many laboratories all over the world, there are still basic questions to be answered referring to: intracellular NO biosynthesis, perception and signal transduction. Interaction of NO with classical phytohormones and plant growth regulators are of main interest of plant physiologists. The paper presents recent news on NO metabolism in plants, and summarizes the role of NO as a signaling molecule involved in regulation of root growth.
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In 9 sites of Hedera helix occurrence were recorded in the forests surrounding area Szadek. The species grows mainly on the fresh-mixed and – fresh forest site types. 195 flowering and fruiting specimens were found. The most frequent support for Hedera helix offer such tree species as black alder Alnus glutinosa, common oak Quercus robur and Scots pine Pinus sylvestris. Flowering specimens of the climber are found growing at forest edges, in degraded communities of mixed linden-oak- and -riparian forests as well as in the fringes of gaps in forest stands under reconstruction. The dispersal of Hedera helix in forests is attributed to both the rise in annual average temperatures and, in particular, higher average temperatures in winter months, and to the fragmentation of forest.
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However geographically and culturally distant from Romania, Japan can offer valuable lessons on how to prevent the potential negative impact and maximize the benefits of the accelerating population ageing process, considering that it has been experiencing, studying and experimenting with this phenomenon for longer than Romania and other EU countries. In addition, present day Japan may be seen as a show-case model, a possible picture of what other countries, now at the beginning of the ageing process, such as Romania, could look like in the near future. Japan may thus provide Romania a good opportunity to gather data about the dynamics of the process and the impact of the measures designed to tackle it. Certainly, no two social environments are the same, and the Japanese experience cannot be reproduced anywhere else as such. But finding inspiration and adapting the Japanese good-practices to the unique particularities and challenges of the Romanian demographic process are feasible endeavors that may prove beneficial. This paper aims to identify possible solutions to the problem of ageing in Romania based on a comparative approach with Japan on this issue.
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This paper is a study assessing the response of educational institutions to a national program for educating the public and for raising awareness on environmental protection. The program provides grants for non-formal or informal educational activities and it can be entered by all educational institutions or nonprofit organizations. The molding and development of attitudes and behaviors favorable to sustainable development and also the method of encouraging educational staff in schools to perform general non-formal educational activities are presented in the introduction. The data are obtained by studying the legislation regarding the management of the Environment Fund which finances the above-mentioned program and by studying public documents of the program, which can be found on the website of the Environment Fund Administration. Information for the time frame 2005-2014, i.e. the number of submitted applications, accepted projects and completed projects, was accessed during the study. The study defines three variables, namely: the receptiveness of institutions to the program, the institutional competence in drafting projects, and the interest in the topics of the program. The completed projects are analyzed based on two criteria, namely the type of applicant institution – NGO or school – and to which geographical area the institution belongs – urban or rural. The part of the study which contains the interpretations and the conclusions, describes the applicant categories by taking into account the defined impact variables. It can be observed that the program has a more substantial impact on NGOs than on urban schools; nevertheless if the type of educational institution is to be considered, the program has a more substantial impact on urban lower secondary schools rather than on upper secondary schools or universities.
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Country racks up some of the worst air quality stats in the EU, along with other eastern members.
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The paper deals with the leakage of nitric acid in road transport (ADR); its specifications, problems and complications during its leakage from the tank into the environment. The first part describes specific characteristics and their means of transport. Following part discusses the experimental investigation of the specific characteristics of HNO3. The experiments on reaction of nitric acid in contact with diesel, gasoline, valvoline engine oil and coolant as well as with samples of common vehicle’s materials such as iron, aluminium, copper, tire rubber, ABS plastic and asphalt. Reactions observed not always met the expectations of strong reactions as described in Security data sheet. The third part describes a possible ways of acid leakage from the tank and its disposal. Recommendation concerning effective action of Fire units are described in order to stop the leaking and minimize the damage caused by nitric acid
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The study paper deals with actual problem of biological hazard elimination in setting of Fire rescue brigade Žilina on Slovakia. The first part describes basic disinfection procedures for intervention in the contaminated area. The second part describes the specifics and the negative effects of swine fever. The third part deals with tactics of elimination swine fever with Fire rescue brigade Žilina.
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The concept of corporate social responsibility in the contemporary world becomes more and more popular. Its fundamental element is the theory of stakeholders. Among the enterprise’s stakeholders, the key role is played by consumers. Having this in mind, the author took as the aim of her considerations presentation of the impact of consumers’ attitudes, behaviours and choices on the development of corporate social responsibility and on the growth of importance of social responsibility in their environment. In her article, the author put the thesis that consumers are the key group of enterprises’ stakeholders who through aware, responsible consumption substantially affects their functioning, inter alia, stimulating them to undertake actions compliant with the concept of corporate social responsibility. In her study, she used the subject literature as well as secondary data from the carried out research in the area of the problems in question.
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The paper is related with tends to elucidate various forms of harm generated by space pollution to economy of the region in context of the ideas of Agenda 2000 etc. The study discusses the data of the air pollution and subsequences of damages that are fixed in elements of high-rise metal structures. It adduces some data of factual pollution that is dangerous to high-rise metal structures, location of initial generators of pollutants, interrelations of polluted flows during their migration in the air. Experimental observation reveals the accumulation of micro and local defects, and their joining process. Afterwards aftereffects are discussed as stress concentration around defects, wear and tear of structures, the scattering of strength resources, loss of the durability of single element and the structure in whole. The residual strength of steel elements of structure was tested using standard specimens that had been cut out from the elements of structure at the end of its exploitation.
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The historical view of sewage and rainwater cleaning, possibilities of applying it nowadays and newest experience in the world are analyzed in the article. The main advantages and disadvantages of the system were revealed after research. There were two parts of the analysis: personal cleaning and territorial planning. Biological and mechanical filtration were mostly used types of water cleaning. Main problems of ecological cleaning and reusing of wastewater were found: rather high price, possible permanent damage to the soil.
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Coconut shell being a hard and not easily degradable material if crushed to size of coarse aggregate can be a potential material to replace coarse aggregate in concrete. In this study the characteristics of the coarse aggregate and the coconut shell were evaluated. Properties of fresh and hardened concrete with partial replacement of coarse aggregate with coconut shell were also studied. Concrete specimens with 0%, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% by weight of coarse aggregate replacement with coconut shell were made at 1:2:4 mix ratio. The compressive strength for all the concrete specimens was evaluated at 7, 14, 21 and 28 days and constant water cement ratio of 0.5 was maintained for all the concrete specimens. The aggregate crushing value of the coarse aggregate and the coconut shell were 23.47% and 28.25% respectively and the aggregate impact value of the coarse aggregate and the coconut shell were 17.44% and 20.2% respectively. The slump values, densities and compressive strength of concrete decreased as the percentage replacement with coconut shell increased. Concrete produced with 0%, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% replacement attained 28 days compressive strength of 38.17, 35.11, 32.14, 31.18, and 29.14 N/mm2 respectively. The results obtained in this study showed that coconut shell satisfied the requirements for coarse aggregate and can be used as partial replacement of coarse aggregate (up to 20%) in concrete pavement production.
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The purpose of this article is to identify the costs of environmental policy needed to the costeffectiveness analysis. A review of the literature in this area, and results of their own research were presented. It was found that in the literature there are two approaches: traditional – where the costs of environmental policies are defined as the sum of capital expenditures and operating costs, and extended – taking into account the external costs. There is also recognised the existence of the transaction costs related to the implementation and operation of environmental policy instruments.
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Zbrinjavanje otpada, posebno komunalnog, u većini lokalnih zajednica predstavlja veliki problem. Lokalne vlasti prema svojim mogućnostima poduzimaju korake na rješavanju tog problema, iako iz godine u godinu, uzrokovan užurbanim razvojem, problem postaje sve veći. S druge strane, pristupajući rješavanju problema sa viših nivoa federalne i kantonalne vlasti su donijeli niz zakona i strateških odredbi.
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