"Auf unserem Papier findet das meiste gleichzeitig statt": Zum Projekt der Gegenweltgeschichte in Günter Grass' "Der Butt" in kulturökologischer Perspektive

Author(s): Nathalie Kónya-Jobs / Language(s): German Issue: 18/2021

In this article, the novel The Flounder is re-read from the perspective of environmental literary criticism and with a view to the highly topical issues of education for sustainable development. The line of argument moves along the central questions for Grass’s work about the importance of fairy tales and myths for literary-anthropological processes of the formation of meaning, his Enlightenment criticism, his critical understanding of history, his poetics of ‚Vergegenkunft‘ and his examination of feminism, ecology and dystopian visions of the post-human age. The article closes with an outlook on relevant research desiderata. An overview table for a selection of thematic, relevant works should serve as an inspiration to rediscover Grass as a representative of ecocriticism in schools and universities.

"Sensing – thinking with the Earth. An ecology beyond the Occident."

Book Review: Arturo Escobar, "Sentir-penser avec la Terre. Une écologie au-delà de l’Occident", Seuil, coll. Anthropocène, 2018, 240 pp

Author(s): Corentin Heusghem / Language(s): English Issue: 38/2021

This book review is about the French translation of a book by the anthropologist Arturo Escobar that, though it has not been translated into English yet, deserves to be known by English readers. This book is quite important since it allows one to understand occidental, capitalist and modern hegemony not only as an economic domination but above all as a cultural, epistemological and ontological colonisation. Indeed, according to Escobar, this domination takes its roots in the Occident’s ontology which translates into hegemonic practices that are concrete threats to the other worlds and their dwellers. Thus, Escobar highlights the deep link between ontologies and practices and argues for a new field of study he calls political ontology or ontological politics. To accompany the proposition of a shift from a universal nature to a pluriverse composed of many worlds, Escobar does not only undermine the prejudices of modernity but also puts forward the relational ontologies from indigenous communities of Latin America that concretely resist colonisation, underlining the ontological dimension of their struggles. Such a framework enables one to overcome or at least minimize the distinction between theory and practice.

"Wasted world" o "sporco mondo": tradurre i testi divulgativi per ragazzi sull’ambiente

Author(s): Annalisa Sezzi / Language(s): Italian Issue: 1/2022

The paper focuses on the Italian translations of two English informational books for children: Wasted World (2009) and Kids Fight Climate Change (2020), which deal with environmental issues. Informational books texts result from a complex dissemination process aimed at making specialised knowledge comprehensible to young readers. To achieve this purpose, informational books rely on various discursive popularising strategies, such as an array of explanations, and various methods for eliciting readers’ engagement, such as questions and irony. Indeed, they are part of what has come to be known as “edutainment,” in which education and entertainment are intertwined to create a “hybrid genre” (Buckingham and Scanlon, 2005). As the texts examined in the paper engage with ecology and environmental issues, they have a dual purpose: to inform and to raise awareness (ecoliteracy). Despite the importance of popularising texts, the translation of such products is still an underexplored field of research. The comparative analysis of the two English texts and their respective Italian translations centres on how global warming and climate change are described in the source and target texts. It examines how the popularising strategies are translated, given their importance in knowledge dissemination for children. The findings indicate that Italian translations, though retaining the combination of education and entertainment, tend to be more precise and more complex than the source texts. This is in line with the intercultural differences identified between Low Context (LC) cultures and High Context (HC) cultures.

"Укриття" четвертого енергоблоку чаес у контексті вдосконалення і розвитку сучасних напрямів дизайн-діяльності

Author(s): Vladimir Syomkin / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 35/2015

Humanities and artistic perspective directions of modern design shows the activity of the whole range of ideas to expand on design activities. These questions find their vidobratgggzhennya in various publications, research copyright and printed materials, but systematic scientific study on the said issue a reasoned and available only in the author's book "Design trends and directions of development." The purpose of this article is to develop and justify the design proposals for a solution "Shelter" in the context of optimizing the structure of the aftermath of the disaster at Chernobyl fourth power and the possibility of using this model in the closure of other plants at the end of their life cycle. The staff of the National Research Institute developed a design solution design version of consequences of the Chernobyl disaster (the design development made in 1994). This version does not claim perfection in its design, provides the further development of its components with the participation of a wide range of specialists. This development is typical, although not a typical example sotsiodyzaynu and naturally ecodesign. The initial argument for making design concept were the following considerations: - No reliable theoretical and practical studies perspectives "behavior" of the destroyed fourth power unit at the sarcophagus (any design!), That there is no guarantee that there will be no explosion or radioactive emissions that continue, will not take a catastrophic power and lead to irreversible consequences to the gene pool of Ukraine and other neighboring countries; - Any construction of any new shelter cannot guarantee its reliability nor save our land from the radioactive genie, nobody can also insure us from the underground penetration of radiation into the environment in the area of shelter; - Construction of any sarcophagus in the area over the fourth power structures attached third power associated with difficulty in terms of long-term autonomy of such facilities. In Ukraine, as in the world, the problem of nuclear power plants that have exhausted their resources, is in fact not yet done, and the chance of turning them in the future, for example, cyclopean sarcophagi cannot zhahnuty humanity absurdity of such a perspective. In fact, areas with similar sarcophagi are hundreds of years and this exclusion zones at least. So sarcophagus not be regarded as an optimal perspective or in the case of the fourth power unit of Chernobyl, nor at the decision of a wider problem: what to do with nuclear power plants at all – at the end of their life? Based on the foregoing, we believe that this time the international community should not be the task of strengthening the sarcophagus (although current work necessary), and elimination of radioactive masses fourth power, the elimination of the sarcophagus, deactivation of all land in the area sarcophagus. Everything must be accompanied by processing whole mass contaminated by radiation from the strictest observance of environmental safety in the course of the whole process of elimination, but science has not yet found effective technologies to this problem.

"Ханска Украйна - Мукатаа Томбасар" (края на XVII-XVIII век)

Author(s): Alexander Sereda / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The aim of the paper is to explore the region of Northwest Black Sea lands in the early 17th-18th centuries, in the context of the Ottoman and Crimean administrative and territorial structure; the political preconditions for the formation of Khan Ukraine - special administrative and territorial unit with the Ukrainian-Kazakh population under Crimean governance; the organization of the economical and fiscal district "Muqataa Tombasar" in the framework of Khan Ukraine. It presents the defter (register) of the revenues and expanses in Muqataa Tombasar and localizes the settlements and their population in the Northwest Black Sea region.

#mission2030: Austria’s Strategy for a Low-Carbon Transformation

Author(s): Łukasz Ogrodnik,Marek Wąsiński / Language(s): English

The Austrian government is implementing its energy and climate strategy to 2030, the aim of which is to stimulate the economy and achieve energy independence through the use of clean technologies. The strategy signals potential points of contention with Poland, including in nuclear and coal energy. At the same time, it indicates potential fields of cooperation regarding low-emission transport.

(Ne)vidljivi okoliši: problem klimatske (ne)pravde u klimatskoj fikciji

Author(s): Marijeta Bradić / Language(s): Croatian Publication Year: 0

This paper addresses the problem of representation of climate change in literature, through the prism of environmental and climate justice as movements emerging from certain limitations of climate sciences that are approaching climate change from a political and ethical perspective. The movements of environmental and climate justice are based on the assumption that world’s most politically and economically powerful nations function in a way that enables them to maintain their own high consumption levels while shifting the ecological burdens onto less developed countries. In other words, those who contribute the least to the pollution of the environment will be affected the most by the ecological crisis. In the context of climate change, injustice is manifested within marginalised groups, including women who are particularly vulnerable to the consequences of environmental pollution and ecological catastrophes. Although these movements are politically oriented, they can also be seen as cultural movements focused on the questions of ideology and representation, as shown in contemporary literature and literary criticism (Sze 2002). In this sense, the common place in contemporary theory is that literary texts could be useful for establishing communication between climate science and general public (Ghosh 2016; Mehnert 2016; Trexler 2015). Following this assumption, the text will analyze Helen Simpsons’ Diary of an Interesting Year as an example of how contemporary literary production can effectively present abstract and hardly visible climate issues and thus contribute to climate justice discussions.

(Nie)zrównoważone style życia na praskich Szmulkach

Author(s): Iwona Anna Oliwińska / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The text is based on the results of a comparative study of lifestyles presentedby selected residents of Szmulki part of Praga district in Warsaw. The material for descriptionwas collected by means of narrative interviews, overt and covert observationsand also perceptions recorded in the researcher’s log. The examples of changes in stylesof life in view of such factors as: occupational and personal conditioning of the respondents,their capital reserves, age or family situation. The results of the choices they made(being aware or not) are new configurations in the cultural space signifying a degree ofbalance between particular spheres of respondents’ everyday lives.

10. Bienalna konferenca European Society for Environmental History: Boundaries in/of Environmental History

Author(s): Žiga Zwitter / Language(s): Slovenian Issue: 15/2019

10. Bienalna konferenca European Society for Environmental History: Boundaries in/of Environmental History, Talin, 21.–24. avgust 2019

10–11. SZÁZADI TEMETŐ KÖRÖSTARJÁN-CSORDÁSDOMBON (TĂRIAN, ROMÁNIA)

Author(s): Attila Lakatos / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 1-2/2003

In the spring of 1967, at the village Köröstarján (Tărian), lying close to the western border of Romania, in the vicinity of the town Nagyvárad (Oradea) on the right bank of the river Sebes-Körös graves were found during the extraction of sand pits on the hill called Csordásdomb (Fig. 1). Rescue excavations were started in April of the same year by N. Chiodosan and D. Ignat, who opened altogether 41 graves. Apart from graves dated to Celtic, Sarmatian and uncertain periods, there were 12 Hungarian burials of 10–11th centuries (Fig. 2). The former 10–11th century cemetery must have contained much more graves as the excavations could not delimit the extent of the cemetery in any directions. The documentation concerning the excavations remained also in a deficient state. Thus it is very difficult to draw conclusions on the order of the burials. The graves were oriented, with minor divergences, to the west, with the exception of grave No. 29 oriented with the head facing south. Several of the graves were disturbed in the remote past. Horse harness was found in two graves (21, 29) and remains of a horse skull in one (this latter was a robbed grave, see Fig. 3/7). In grave No. 21 (Fig. 3/5) an arrowhead made of iron was found. This was the only grave with arms among the grave-goods. On the basis of the finds, all of the graves could be dated to the 10th century with one exception. Probably they started to use the cemetery before the middle of the 10th century and it was continued in this function till the end of the century. The only exception is one skull buried separately dated by a denar of Ist (Saint) László, King of Hungary in 1077–1096 (Fig. 3/2). According to the opinion of the author, this skull was dug into the already long forsaken cemetery by the end of the 11th century

3D CADASTRE AS THE INSTRUMENT OF WATER OBJECTS MONITORING

Author(s): Olga Petrakovska,Marharyta Dubnytska / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2019

The article deals with the problem of water objects monitoring in urban areas. The information about an actual state of water bodies is necessary for making managerial decisions regarding them. Improving the control and monitoring of water objects is particularly important for urban areas, where intensive multipurpose use and anthropogenic impact consequently leads to damage to the water bodies. One of the main problems of water objects monitoring is the absence of an aggregated information system, both in Ukraine and abroad. Considering this, the state of water objects monitoring in Ukraine, as well as foreign experience in this sphere is analyzed. The conclusion is drawn that a three-dimensional cadastre is a suitable tool for the proper provision of information needs for monitoring and resolution of interdisciplinary water management tasks.

3D Small-Scale Fire Modelling Experiments and Testing Preparation

Author(s): Maroš Krajčír,Jana Müllerová / Language(s): English Issue: 21/2017

The paper deals with the problematic of small-scale fire tests, its preparation phase and fire experiments connected to Flashover phenomena. Real 3D experiments in small-scale need to be prepared in sense of exactness by exact calculations including mathematic π- non-dimensional groups in order to make a functional small-scale model representing the full scale modelling in the effective way. The interior represented by the cribs made mostly of wood, polymer and other materials common in rooms or offices need to be prepared in sense of their amount, position and porosity. After that the construction of the small-scale model can be started with respect to all the dimensions, amount and proportion of material calculations.

8-12 YAŞ GRUBU ÇOCUKLARA ÇEVRE BİLİNCİ KAZANDIRILMASINDA OYUN TASARIMININ ROLÜ

Author(s): Merve Saylik,Levent Mercin / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 2/2020

Game is one of the important methods that support the development of children for centuries and can contribute to their learning easily. Early ages are the periods when children are most open to learning. Researches show that games play a big role in child development. This indicates that the game method can be used as an educational tool in education. From this point of view, it is understood that the game method and relevant tools can also be used to raise environmental awareness as it can be used in all fields. The game design increases the interest and motivation in raising awareness and provides the memorability of what is learned. This study examines the contribution of game design to raising environmental awareness. Accordingly, an example of computer-aided game was developed to raise environmental awareness in individuals in their early childhood period based on the data obtained. The data and form of game design were produced by the researchers. Based on the data obtained in the process of study, solution recommendations were developed for the researchers who will conduct a similar study in a way that they can follow when designing a game and adapt the game to older age groups.

A Bibliometric Analysis of Outdoor Education

Author(s): Kadir Yildiz,Yeser Eroglu,Tolga Besikci / Language(s): English Issue: 1Sup1/2022

The aim of this study is to map the thematic landscape of studies on outdoor education. Our process focuses on the following research question: What are the emerging topics in studies on outdoor education? Bibliometric data retrieved from the WOS database, which consists of 555 scientific publications with the keyword "outdoor education” and indexed in SCI-Expended, SSCI, A&HCI, CPCI-S, CPCISSH, BKCI-S, BKCI-SSH or ESCI, was analysed using the descriptive analysis technique. Analysis of the results revealed that there are 10 different types of publications on outdoor education and the most frequently used type is scientific articles, with 365 examples. Keyword network mapping showed that “outdoor education, environmental education and outdoor learning” were terminologies that stood out the most. The analysis of the data was visualized by VOSviewer (Version 1.6.9) visual mapping program and presented with tables and density maps in the findings section. As a conclusion, the study puts forward the main concepts that require particular attention from the outdoor educators. In addition, we hope and expect that the thematic concepts, country distribution of articles and outlining the highly cited studies of this field will contribute to paving the way for future research and identifying the gaps in the literature. This study aims to pinpoint the leading and emerging topics within the outdoor education research field, which has great importance both for the theory and practice of outdoor education.

A CLOSER LOOK AT ŠVENTOJI 2/4 – A STRATIFIED STONE AGE FISHING SITE IN COASTAL LITHUANIA, 3200–2600 CAL BC

Author(s): Giedrė Piličiauskienė,Gytis Piličiauskas,Dalia Kisielienė,Aldona Damušytė,Giedrė Vaikutienė,Kęstutis Peseckas,Lukas Gaižauskas / Language(s): English Issue: 45/2019

Šventoji 2/4, which is situated on the Lithuanian coast, is among the most important East Baltic Stone Age sites due to the extraordinary preservation of archaeological finds in waterlogged gyttja and due to extensive excavations ongoing since 1967. This paper presents the results of excavations in 2014 and subsequent laboratory analyses. This new research has allowed for the revision of the site’s chronology and function as well as provided valuable environmental data. In 3200–2700 cal BC the site was used as a fishing station constructed in the deepest part of the shallow lagoonal lake. Remains of various fishing gear and other human waste left during fishing expeditions accumulated there. Enormous amounts of cranial fish bones left during the initial processing of the catch that was carried out directly at the fishery indicate that cyprinids, pike, and zander were mostly caught at the site. The site most likely continued to be used in similar way during the beginning of the Neolithic, although Globular Amphora culture fishermen did not process fish on the site and transported the entire catch to dwelling sites instead.

A Cold Welcome from Ohio

Author(s): Lajos Rácz / Language(s): English Issue: 16/2020

The review of: White, Sam. 2017. Cold Welcome: The Little Ice Age and Europe’s Encounter with North America. Harvard University Press. 376.

A Comparative Analysis of Different Species of Fungi Associated with Oil and Non-Oil Garri (Cassava Flour) Sold in Mudalawan Market, Bauchi State, Nigeria

Author(s): Rabiu Ibrahim,Iornenge Aondoaseer,Bashir Ismail Olawale,Hauwa Tahir,Bishir Musa,Umaru Ayuba Alfa / Language(s): English Issue: 12/2021

In this study, different species of fungi associated with oil and non-oil Garri were isolated at Mudalawal market, Bauchi State, Nigeria. A total of eight different samples were obtained inside a sterile container and transported to the microbiology laboratory at Abubakar Tatari Ali Polytechnic Bauchi state for analysis. Malt Extract Agar was used for the isolation and identification; about five fungal species were isolated and identified using the standard method of Microbiological techniques. Penicillium spp. (26.9 %) had the highest occurrence in oil and non-oil Garri, followed by Aspergillus spp. (23.1 %), and Rhizopus spp. (19.2 %) with Fusarium spp. and Mucor spp. having the minor frequency of 15.4 %. Higher fungal species were isolated from non-oil Garri compared to oil Garri samples. Moisture content recorded showed higher Oil Garri than in the Non-oil Garri. The fungi isolated were characterized and identified based on their morphological and colonial appearance. The results show that consumers are exposed to the risk of aflatoxin poisoning. Efforts should therefore be made to improve the quality of Cassava by addressing its handling and processing practices.

A CRITICAL REFLECTION OF BRONFENBRENNER´S DEVELOPMENT ECOLOGY MODEL

Author(s): Jonas Christensen / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2016

This analysis is a theory based reflection out of the development ecology. When studying an organisation, transformation and spheres of influence of professions and in education, the Development Ecology model provides a tool for understanding the encounter between societal, organisational and individual dimensions, a continual meeting point where phenomena and actors occur on different levels, including those of the organisation and society at large. However, the theory of development ecology may be questioned for how it looks at the individual’s role in relation to other actors in order to define and understand the forces underlying the professional development. The focus on the individual might prevent the understanding of group wise development. Resilience capacity on a mental, intra level and an entrepreneurial way of building, developing and keeping networks gives the different levels in the Development Ecology model a broader understanding of what stimulates learning processes. Factors relating to both the inside of the individual and social ties between individuals in a group context in relation to global factors need to be discussed.

A CSÁSZÁRKULTUSZ FŐOLTÁRA PANNONIA SUPERIORBAN

Author(s): Endre Tóth / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 1-2/2001

In den Provinzen an der mittleren Donau kommt Savaria eine besondere Stellung zu, weil wir seit langem wissen, daß dort die Institution der Kaiserkultes in Pannonia Superior errichtet wurde. In anderen Provinzen ist der Sitz der Institution nur zu vermuten. In Savaria kennen wir auch den Ort des Kultzentrums innerhalb der Struktur der colonia. Aus der Untersuchung der Inschriften der Priester des Kaiserkults in der Studie stellt sich heraus: der sacerdos arae Augustorum Pannonia superioris wird der Bürger gewesen sein, der mindestens in der Stadt duumvir oder in zwei Städten decurio war. Aufgrund der die colonia Savaria umgebenden Gräberfelder und kultischen Funde sowie der Fundstelle von Inschriften im Zusammenhang mit dem Kaiserkult konnte in der Stadtstruktur der Ort des Provinzialforums bestimmt werden. Von Norden, Süden und Osten umgeben Bestattungen die colonia. Im Westen wird die Stadt vom Savaria- (heute: Perint-) Bach begrenzt. In dem großen Gebiet zwischen dem Bach und den Hügeln im Westen gibt es keine Bestattungen. Am W-Rand dieses etwa 500×300 m großen Gebiets stand das Theater, das ebenfalls ein unausbleibliches Gebäude der Provinzialforen war. In diesem Gebiet fanden sich die Inschriften, die den Ort des Kaiserkults beweisen, und dort befanden sich auch die sakralen Denkmäler, die mit der sakralen Bestimmung des Gebietes in Zusammenhang zu bringen sind. Am O-Ende des Provinzialforums wurden 39 Pfeiler gefunden.

A cukor története a kapitalizmus története? (Sidney Mintz: Sweetness and Power: The Place of Sugar in Modern History)

Author(s): Sándor Kozák / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 29/2021

Review of Sidney Mintz: Sweetness and Power: The Place of Sugar in Modern History