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Czas wolny dzieci i młodzieży mieszkającej na terenach miejskich

Author(s): Agata Matysiak-Błaszczyk / Language(s): Polish Issue: 69/2023

Free time of children and adolescents is an important and interesting issue addressed by scholars of many disciplines. The article presents the theoretical basis of knowledge on contemporary free time paradoxes, the influence of the natural, cultural, and social environment on the organization and forms of spending free time by children and young people. The text describes factors facilitating and hindering the organization of leisure time of children and young people living in urban areas, as well as selected results of research and reports on leisure time of children and young people spending time in the city. The theoretical considerations examined in the article and the research results cited enabled conclusions for pedagogical practice concerning the free time of children and adolescents in urban areas.

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Edukacyjna rola „Przyjaciółki” w życiu kobiet wiejskich PRL-u w latach 1956-1975, ss. 269

Author(s): Justyna Zajko-Czochańska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 13/2022

Self-report of the doctoral dissertation entitled The educational role of “Friend” in the life of rural women in the People’s Republic of Poland in the years 1956–1975 written under the supervision of prof. dr hab. Małgorzata Dajnowicz presents the activities of the most popular women’s magazine published during the People’s Republic of Poland for the dissemination of knowledge among rural women. The author presents the cognitive purpose of the work, research questions, sources used in the doctoral dissertation, as well as research methods. The self-report presents the structure of the dissertation along with a synthetic discussion of each of the chapters of the work, as well as the final conclusions contained in the dissertation

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ВЗАИМОПОМОЩЬ ПОКОЛЕНИЙ В ГОРОДСКИХ СЕМЬЯХ

Author(s): Tatiana A. Gurko / Language(s): Russian Issue: 3/2023

In the context of the ongoing nuclearization and diversification of the family institution, the mobility of family members, the intensification of educational and professional activity not only of men, but also of women, and the increase in life expectancy, family inter-generational ties are now becoming more significant. One of the indicators of such family ties can be the help that adult children provide to their parents, and the care of grandparents for grandchildren. Communication with grandchildren has a positive effect on the health of older people, working parents need help in caring for children, grandchildren have a different source of socialization, in contrast to their parents, and emotional support. The need for support of the older generation in caring for grandchildren increases at different stages of the life path of adult children, for single-parent families, minor parents, in situations before and after a divorce. The role of grandparents is irreplaceable in cases of deprivation of parental rights. The social and demographic factors influencing the participation of grandparents in caring for their grandchildren are analyzed. A review of foreign and Russian works made it possible to identify a number of subject areas for further research. First of all, the analysis of various aspects of the well-being of grandparents involved in caring for grandchildren, the impact of communication with grandparents on the development of children of different ages, intergenerational co-parenting and changing the content of the roles of grandparents in new social conditions GKS-KOUZH-2022. The following data from representative studies conducted by the Federal State Statistics Service were used as an empirical base: Comprehensive monitoring of living conditions (GKS-KOUZH)-2014, 2016, 2018, 2022, Selective observation of reproductive plans of the population during 2022 and 2010 and 2020 censuses. The object of analysis were citizens aged 60—79 years old, whose adult children live separately, children from 3 to 8 years old and primary school students and mothers aged 18—44 years old with minor children. No relationship has been established between the presence of regular or episodic assistance from separately living relatives in caring for children and the reproductive intentions of mothers with minor children. Further testing of the hypothesis about the impact of grand-parents’ help on the reproductive plans of adult children is needed. The positive dynamics of assistance to parents aged 60—79 years old of adult children living separately from 2014 to 2022 is shown. It was found that about half of men and women aged 60—79 years during 2011—2016 helped children living separately in the upbringing of their grandchildren. The help of grandparents in looking after their grandchildren, preschoolers and primary school children, did not decrease, at least in the period from 2016 to 2022. The results obtained indicate the cohesion of generations in urban Russian families living separately.

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Water Shortage

Author(s): Cristina Bianca TOGOE / Language(s): English Issue: 19/2022

Public spaces of a city are important points in its development, contributing to the urban image and also to the way of life of the inhabitants. Depending on the typology and development of a city, there are different ways of developing public spaces, with different characters and specific activities. Due to certain phenomena,such as rapid urbanization, climate change or the emergence of sprawl areas, the quality of public spaces has begun to decline. However, new questions have arisen regarding the development and future of cities in the context of these phenomena,especially questions that directly concern the inhabitants, being the most affected by the new changes

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MICRO-EVENTS IN THE PUBLIC SPACE The art of street performances

Author(s): Monica-Gabriela Amuza / Language(s): English Issue: 18/2021

The purpose of this work is to investigate the significance of the public space as a stage for art performances and spontaneous street events. How do these events shape public spaces and how do they contribute to the urban life? Street performers have drawn large crowds for as long as public spaces have existed. They are known as “buskers” and they can be found all over the world. The streets are fundamentally unpredictable, and the presence of buskers can provide an unexpected experience for passers-by, breaking the monotony of everyday life. Buskers are able to turn a public space into their own stage, and they frequently attract both tourists and locals. They are not, however, universally liked.They constantly deal with the authorities, who are confronted with problems caused by mass tourism, damages to the public space, noise pollution etc. Buskers must follow regulations in order to generate quality content that improves the quality of the public space. What happens to these artists when humanity faces a pandemic that restricts interaction with the public space and demands social distancing? As a result, the goal of this work is to understand how these art performances shape public spaces and what challenges both performers and authorities face in creating quality urban spaces. The paper investigates the regulations on street performances in various cities, and the findings indicate that stringent guidelines hinder performers. However, as long as they are allowed to express their artistic freedom, street buskers can follow codes of conduct and, in the long run, contribute to a place’s identity.

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Balcony and intimacy. A research of urban anthropology on the balconies of Bucharest

Author(s): Horia Bârloiu,Sînziana Mocanu / Language(s): English Issue: 18/2021

This paper talks about the balcony, intimacy and self. These three words that seem to have nothing in common are related from an urban anthropological perspective. The balcony is either an inner or an outer annex of the house. Between the four walls of the house people in general feel sheltered, feel the privacy of their own home. This is how the balcony becomes the border between the city and home privacy. Like any other room of the dwelling and balcony is arranged. The way it is used can say a lot about the owner’s self. In this article we explore the use, mysticism and charm of the balcony as a refuge from urban viewers.

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Vendéglátás Óbudán

Author(s): Réka Völgyi / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 4/2022

Review of: Simon Katalin: A kocsmáktól a fogadókig. A vendéglátás keretei és története Óbudán 1848-ig. Budapest Főváros Levéltára, Budapest, 2020. 300 oldal.

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Розвиток інвестиційної діяльності міста

Author(s): Iryna Trunina,Anna Chumakova / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 8 (41)/2022

The article examines the essence of investment activity and its impact on the development of the city. The relevance of increasing the inflow of investments by creating favorable conditions for the development of green tourism is emphasized. This study used the findings of foreign and domestic scientists and global practices of green tourism functioning as an integral part of the city’s attractiveness among investors. It has been established that rural green tourism is currently one of the promising areas of development of the tourism industry of foreign countries, the rapid development of which in the last year is due to quarantine restrictions. It combines a wide range of different types of tourism based on the use of natural resources. It was found that the accelerated development of green tourism can play the role of a catalyst for investments in the region and the country as a whole. The subject of the study is a set of theoretical, methodological and practical aspects of increasing the effectiveness of the development of green tourism in the business environment. The purpose of this work is to substantiate theoretical and methodological approaches and develop practical recommendations for the development of green tourism in Ukraine, increase investment income, and analyze internationally recognized tools for stimulating the development of green tourism in the world. The proposed incentive tools will contribute to ensuring the appropriate level of investment in the regions of Ukraine and the gradual greening of technological processes in accordance with international environmental requirements, which will lead to an automatic increase in the activity and efficiency of environmentally oriented innovative activities of the country’s enterprises. The state of green tourism in Ukraine and European countries is analyzed. The work highlights the negative and positive sides of modern green tourism in Ukraine and describes the main recommendations for the development of this area and increasing its level of attractiveness for foreign and domestic investors (on the example of the Poltava region). The obtained result will allow more systematic and qualitative implementation of «greening» in the cities of Ukraine.

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Mütedeyyin Kentli Kimliğinin Mekansal İzdüşümü: Kızılcık Şerbeti Dizisi Örneği

Author(s): Araştırma Görevlisi ŞEYMA AYYILDIZ / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 31/2023

Television, the most effective mass media, is expanding its influence with TV series. In recent years, Kızılcık Şerbeti, which has been shown as the most influential of these TV series in the Turkish public, has produced many questions and also opened the door for sociologist to search for answers to seemingly contradictory concepts such as modernity, tradition, religiosity and conservatism. The main research question of this study is based on how the religious identity produces a sense of place and the daily life practices that are the reflection of the space. Urban space, which is the place of interactions, differences and transformation, is at the center of the research question. To answer this question thematic analysis was used as a qualitatvive research method. All episodes of the series, which started broadcasting in 2022, have been watched so far. The findings were discussed under the titles of "private space-public space: sense of multiple spatiality", "gender and space relationship", "the meaning of social capital in the construction of the sense of space and consumption relations". Cultural codes, gender, class differences, social ties, intergenerational differences produce multiple sense of place instead of the same sense of place, but there are differences in terms of the representation of religious men and women. Women are given the responsibility of carrying, reflecting and protecting religious symbols and lifestyle, and they are expected to be responsible for patriarchal codes. In this sense, urban space becomes an area where inequalities are maintained and reproduced.

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Sürdürülebilir topluluklar için afet bilinci, farkındalığı ve kültürü: Çanakkale kenti incelemesi

Author(s): Melda Açmaz Özden / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 4/2023

Today’s urban fabric is more difficult to manage due to the complexity of uncontrolled and growing systems. Disasters, which tend to increase in frequency and severity, are the main beneficiaries of this difficult situation in urban areas. The damages and losses caused by disasters on urban areas threaten the future of communities more than ever before. It can be argued that an important obstacle to creating sustainable communities and livable urban areas that can cope with the devastating effects of disasters is local communities that do not have disaster awareness. In this study, the hazards and risks of disasters are discussed in general terms, the disaster vulnerability of Çanakkale province is briefly discussed, and the awareness and consciousness levels of urban dwellers that will build their capacity to cope with disasters are tried to be understood. The study claims that people living in the city of Çanakkale are not able to participate in disaster risk reduction and preparedness activities within the framework of a collective and participatory disaster management model to create a coping mechanism for disasters. A survey was conducted to help reveal this and to assess the level of disaster awareness of local communities. The answers given by the participants to the questions confirm the claim of the study. Further interdisciplinary and interdisciplinary studies are needed to assess disaster awareness in local communities and to better understand the deficiencies in this regard in Çanakkale.

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HATAY’DA DİNSEL İNANCIN MEKÂNSAL KARŞILIĞI OLAN NUSAYRİ ZİYARETGÂHLARININ KENT SOSYOLOJİSİ BAĞLAMINDA DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ

Author(s): Halil İbrahim ÇELEBİ / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 4/2023

In this study, which has gained content around the main problematic such as what Nusayri means in the context of urban sociology, concepts such as city, urbanization and urbanization are defined primarily. Afterwards, it has been tried to reveal what Nusayri is, which includes originalities such as the cult of Hızır, tomb belief, reincarnation (reincarnation), tawil and taqiyya, secret and closed community organization, through the existing scientific literature. The main purpose of this study, which deals with Nusayri in the context of urban sociology, is to try to reveal the points that contradict or do not overlap with the urban sociology theories of this belief in urban spaces. Namely; Within the studies of urban sociology, religious life is considered as a situation whose effect is decreasing in urban spaces. However, in Hatay, especially in Defne and Samandağ districts, religious life is lived around pilgrimage sites and in urban spaces. The study focuses on the problem of how the religious experience in question affects urbanization, unlike the existing sociological theoretical approaches, and claims that there is an originality/difference at this point.

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„Еколапс“ – един (не)възможен опит? За природата в света на живота

Author(s): Svetlana Sabeva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2023

In the genre of experimental thinking, this article poses the question of what is the field of primary self-evidences from which those critiques of the present that have as a stake Gaia (Bruno Latour) and the living earth (Deyan Deyanov) could draw their justification. Can we assume as true – and, if so, in what sense – the self-evidence by which Latour qualifies the universality of the experience that „the ground is giving way“ as well as Deyanov’s thesis that the living earth today „may be warning us, blaming us, taking revenge on us, and demanding atonement from us“ in the face of „ecocollapse“? Within the framework of an ecological phenomenology inspired by the later Husserl’s analytics of the life-world, the article outlines an understanding of primordial nature which places in epoché the Galilean nature of „bare things“ that exists as an „absolutely persisting“ reality in itself and „speaks in the language of mathematics“. At stake in this phenomenological archeology is the manifestation of a „primal generative“ core (Husserl) in the light of which the object constitution of the natural world unfolds eo ipso as a constitution of a world of goods; while the alien (in their cultural-historical formation) surrounding worlds open up to the possibility of connection-in-separation in „the one life-world of Gaia“. This phenomenological archeology can be viewed as a correlate of the practical archeology of the „forgotten“ nature which, upon every techno-natural disaster, rejects its status of formless material and manifests itself as a phenomenon of befalling.

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Heavy metal accumulation by Acer platanoides and Robinia pseudoacacia in an industrial city (Northern Steppe of Ukraine)

Author(s): V. M. Lovynska,K. Holoborodko,I. Ivanko,S. Sytnyk,O. Zhukov,I. Loza,O. Wiche,H. Heilmeier / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2023

The role of tree species as a tool for bioaccumulation of heavy metals is an important current issue within the context of the increase of anthropogenic pressure in urban ecosystems. The article presents the results of research on the level of soil contamination with heavy metals and the processes of their accumulation by native and introduced tree species in green spaces of Dnipro city. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was used to detect concentrations of heavy metals (Zn, Cu, Cd, Pb) in soil samples and the assimilation component in trees of black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia) and Norway maple (Acer platanoides). The ranges of mean concentrations of heavy metals at different study sites within the city’s green infrastructure were as follows (mg/kg): 30.7–185.5 for Zn, 5.7–22.4 for Cu, 9.0–31.3 for Pb, and 0.213–0.598 for Cd. With respect to all four of these metals, the soils of the Metallurgists Square location were characterized by the highest concentrations of the metals, and the Pridneprovsky Park in the area of the outskirts of Dnipro city was characterized by the lowest ones. Compared to soils, the two investigated tree species had a significantly lower content of all studied metals in leaves. The heavy metal accumulations in the leaves of both R. pseudoacacia and A. platanoides were observed in the following decreasing order: Zn > Cu > Pb > Cd. Regarding the migration of heavy metals in the soil-plant system, the concentrations of ecopollutants in the plants were found not to be dependent on their content in the soil environment. The calculated bioaccumulation coefficients of heavy metals for both tree species were less than 1. However, the results of heavy metal concentration in leaves of both introduced and native tree species evidenced their special role in heavy metal bioaccumulation. Compared to R. pseudoacacia,such native species as A. platanoides can be considered to be a more “sensitive” bioindicator of environmental pollution caused by heavy metals. Planting fastgrowing tree species such as R. pseudoacacia and A. platanoides can in a short time be an environmentally appropriate and cost-effective measure to mitigate the unfavourable effects of heavy metals on the environment.

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The efficiency of social services provided by the municipalities: primary education case study

Author(s): Magdalena Wojarska / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2023

Motivation: The crucial value guiding local governments is to serve their residents by carrying out public tasks that satisfy the collective needs of the local community. Although the municipality, as a non-profit organisation, does not have to be profitable, it must apply proper management practices to achieve its goals and attract investors. Local government’s efficient and effective functioning is now the basis of modern society. Measuring and analysing results have become an international trend in modernising public administration, and results-based management is seen as a manifestation of public concern for the proper use of taxes. Education is a significant area of local government activity due to its role in every country’s development and the fact that it absorbs considerable financial resources. The growing economic crisis and challenges local governments face today mean that efficiency analysis should also be conducted concerning this category of tasks.Aim: The article aims to assess the efficiency of resources (financial and human) used by municipalities to carry out their task in the field of primary education in the context of the type and wealth of the commune.Results: The results of this study confirm higher resource efficiency in cities than in rural municipalities. The percentage of cities where the total efficiency coefficient exceeded the level of the third quartile was 84.6% (including 97.3% in large units, 91.9% in medium ones, and 70.8% in small ones). At the same time, it was only 14.9% in rural communes. Medium-sized cities with high levels of own revenue per capita characterised the highest efficiency of converting input into output. In contrast, rural municipalities with low levels of own revenue had the lowest efficiency.

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Arhitektonska potraga za stvarnim

Author(s): Isra Tatlić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 16/2023

The specificity of architectural activity in the process of creation lies in its abstraction of reality. Architects, who often do not know the context within which they operate, define goals, problems and tools based on professional analytical methods. The traditional educational system emphasizes the role of the expert as a “conductor” who controls the outcome with a drawing. At the same time, authorship and creativity enable the designer (company or project client) to determine how the newly built context functions, its appearance, and the way it is used by the end users. An even more common phenomenon is intuitive spatial activity, where due to the pressure of modern parameters of time and money, decisions are made based on the unconscious process of creation. The results are responses to fragments of reality or reckless actions on existing complex spatial relationships. During the entire process of creating a new reality, experts – who are members of the system and the macro-social level, act on the micro-social level and implement the values of the system. Ultra-subjective alienation from reality and the manipulative practice of narrative design solutions serve individuals instead of common interests. What are the possibilities of resisting the ideological construction of the new reality? If we want to improve the existing context with architecture, we should solve contradictions through spatial activity instead of hiding them ideologically. By including the subjective and objective realities of the context within which the architect operates, the possibility of strengthening the user and the community is realized. It is necessary to include reality in the creative process, in the way of their mutual interweaving instead of differentiating. It should not be the final stage of the process, but a parallel part of its initiation, development and completion.

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Lukáš Valeš, Jiří Petráš et al.: Česká města a okresy v letech 1989-1990

Author(s): Štefan Danics / Language(s): Czech Issue: 3-4/2016

Review of: Lukáš Valeš, Jiří Petráš et al.: Česká města a okresy v letech 1989-1990 (vydáno v koedici s Jihočeským muzeem v Českých Budějovicích). České Budějovice: VŠERS, 2016, ISBN 978-80-7556-011-7; České Budějovice: Jihočeské muzeum, 114 s., ISBN 978- 80-87311-75-2.

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Lubomír Pána et al.: Nástroje a aktuální problémy regionální politiky

Author(s): Darja Holátová / Language(s): Czech Issue: 2/2016

Review of: Lubomír Pána et al.: Nástroje a aktuální problémy regionální politiky. České Budějovice: VŠERS, 2016, 94 s., ISBN 978-80-87472-99-6.

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Difuze inovace na příkladu řetězce McDonald’s v ČR a na Slovensku

Author(s): Josef Kunc,Eva Nováková,Petr Tonev,Michal Vančura / Language(s): Czech Issue: 1/2011

According to E. M. Rogers (2003), diffusion is a process in which an innovation or a phenomenon is transferred via certain channels among individuals or social groups in time and space; an innovation is a thought which can be considered new. New phenomena, objects, thoughts, ways of behaviour, illnesses, information, news, etc. are all spread, which brings about a multi-spectral possibility for perspective and an interdisciplinary approach. Other scientific disciplines including rural sociology, general sociology, economics or human geography have been interested in innovation diffusion - in the past a domain of early sociology explaining some forms of human behaviour. T. Hägerstrand (1967), the pioneer of the theory of innovation diffusion in geography, adds a spatial aspect to the diffusion process and examines the relation of the spreading of innovation with spatial distance. A spatial localization of various shopping places has a diffusion character; time-related phases of the process take place very fast if no significant barriers to innovation are present. Dynamization and expansion in principle grow into the saturation phase of space and gaps at the market; business strategy is important as well. The aim of the article is to analyze and draw general conclusions about the phenomenon of McDonald’s in the Czech Republic and Slovakia, which has in time and space also the character of a diffusion process; to point out the similarities and differences in the course of the diffusion process in both countries and to think about the near future.

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Jiří Dušek: Faktory regionálního růstu a rozvoje (se zaměřením na spolupráci měst a obcí v Jihočeském kraji)

Author(s): Jiří Ježek / Language(s): Czech Issue: 1/2011

Review of: Jiří Dušek: Faktory regionálního růstu a rozvoje (se zaměřením na spolupráci měst a obcí v Jihočeském kraji). České Budějovice: Vysoká škola evropských a regionálích studií, 2010, 294 s., ISBN 978-80-86708-94-2.

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Regionální politika a politika soudržnosti EU a ČR

Author(s): Darja Holátová / Language(s): Czech Issue: 2/2007

European Community, in order to strengthen its economic and social cohesion, aims at reducing disparities between the levels of development of the various regions and the backwardness of the least - favoured regions including rural areas. The actions supported available to cohesion policy should be concentrated on promoting sustainable growth, competitiveness and employment.

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