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SOCIOPSIHOLOŠKI KONFLIKTI UČENIKA

Author(s): Fuad Imširović / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 5/2019

Autor u radu razmatra konflikte među učenicima koji se javlaju u nastavnom procesu. Proširenje socijalnog polja koji učenici doživljavaju u školskom okruženju praćeno je i izvjesnim povećanjem suočavanja sa sukobima i konfliktima, kako na individualnom tako i na grupnom nivou. Raznovrsnošću i brojnošću socijalnih interakcija povećava se i vjerovatnoća suprotstavljanja različitih interesa, a upravo takvi odnosi su odlična pretpostavka za određene intrapersonalne i interpersonalne konflikte, kao i intergrupne konflikte. U radu su tematizirani osnovi i vrste konflikta, faktori koji uslovljavaju javljanje konflikta kao i faktori koji utiču na tok konflikta.

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PROAKTİF KİŞİLİĞİN İŞ PERFORMANSI ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİ VE DEMOGRAFİK DEĞİŞKENLERE GÖRE İNCELENMESİ: KAMU’DA BİR ARAŞTIRMA

Author(s): Recep MACİT / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 64/2024

The aviation industry is growing rapidly and will continue to do so. Recent studies on the sector estimate air transportation demand at 4.3% per year on average over the next 20 years. In this period of rapid change in organizations, the emergence of new ways of doing business, increasing operating costs and the definition of more effective processes and reducing costs have come to the fore. In this context, the performance of employees has become of vital importance. This study aims to investigate the effect of proactive personality traits of civil aviation employees on employees' job performance and to examine the change according to demographic characteristics. For this purpose, a total of 352 questionnaires were applied to DHMI and THY employees and 315 valid questionnaires were analyzed with SPSS 22 program. As a result of the research, it was determined that proactive personality has a positive and well significant effect on job performance. In addition, as a result of examining the effect of demographic characteristics on the variables, gender and educational status have no significant effect on the variables, while age and marital status have significant effects on both variables, although the level of effect is different.

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Personality characteristics of employees from the Ministry of Internal Affairs

Author(s): Vica ANTON / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2024

This study aimed to establish the differences in the dominant personality traits of newly hired officers and non-commissioned officers of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, focusing on their personality characteristics, cognitive intelligence levels, and interests. The research sample consisted of 140 subjects of which 70 officers and 70 non-commissioned officers, aged between 18 and 65 years. The results of the research revealed that the overall cognitive abilities of non-commissioned officers is lower, compared to those of officers. Additionally, officers demonstrated more developed social interests than non-commissioned officers. With respect to personality traits, officers exhibited significantly more positive indicators than their non-commissioned counterparts.

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Tipologii ale agresorilor familiali: variabile teoretice și rezultate empirice

Author(s): Mihai Laurențiu SĂBĂREANU,Victoria GONȚA / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 2/2024

This study aimed to delineate the profile of the domestic abusers according to by examining personality dimensions (impulsivity, aggression-hostility, neuroticism) and related personality variables (rumination, personality disorders, emotional distress, physical aggression and hostility) in men serving custodial sentences for domestic violence offenses and examining possible differences between types of perpetrators and substance use patterns, and the presence or experience of violence in the family of origin. The research sample included 173 men aged 21 to 70 years, (M=38.76; SD=11.217). Cluster analysis of the empirical data identified four distinct subtypes of domestic abusers: non-pathological aggressors, borderline/dysphoric aggressors, antisocial/generally violent aggressors and the antisocial subtype. These findings align with the existing literature, underscoring that family aggressors are not a homogeneous group.

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Подходи на родителите към четенето: избори, опит и влияние

Author(s): Teodora Genova,Nadezhda Gadzhakova,Sabina Eftimova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2024

The study presents a part of the results of a study of parental approaches to reading to children ages 0 to 7 years, with an emphasis on how parents make their choices and overlay their personal experiences on the reading process. The research examines factors such as frequency of reading, choice of literary works, parent-child interaction during reading, and the influence of parental experience on children's preferences.The survey revealed that parents regularly read to their children for a period of 10 to 20 minutes, preferring fairy tales and adventure stories with rich illustrations. Reading plays an essential role in family life as a tool for learning and developing the imagination. The findings highlight the importance of reading for children's psychological well-being and offer directions for future improvements in parenting approaches in this area.

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Аз-концепция и стрес

Author(s): Deyan Hadzhiyski / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2024

This report examines how self-concept shapes stress responses and how positive self-perception can help reduce stress and improve psycho-emotional well-being. On the other hand, some addictions related to stress and self-concept, which relate to social relationships, are also being promoted

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The Relationship Between Burnout and Demographic Factors Among Nurses at the Ihsan Çabej Hospital in Lushnje

Author(s): Kiduina Zaka,Artemisi Shehu Dono,Arjana Muçaj / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2024

The purpose of this study is to describe the relationship between burnout syndrome and demographic factors at nurses at the Ihsan Çabej Hospital in Lushnje. Maslach (1982) defines“Burnout syndrome” as “loss of professional interest involving physical and emotional fatigue, lack of positive feelings towards the profession and loss of respect for colleagues and patients”. While the other variable of demographic factors on this paper refers to age, gender and years of work experience. The sample size of this study was 30 nurses of emergency repart at the Ihsan Çabej Hospital in Lushnje. Specifically, the sample consists of (n = 12) females and (n =18) males. Copenhagen Burnout Inventory was used to collect data. It contains 19 questions and aims to collect information about burnout in three dimensions: personal burnout, work-related burnout and client-related burnout. The results of the analysis show that there is a negative correlation relationship statistically significant between years of work experience and burnout. This means that the higher the number of the working years, the lower is the burnout level. There was no difference between male and female regarding to burnout syndrome. Also, correlation show no significant relationship between age and burnout

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EARLY CHILDHOOD LEARNING THROUGH OUTDOOR EDUCATION AND MINDFULNESS

Author(s): Nicoletta Rosati / Language(s): English Issue: 14/2024

Objectives. Research suggests that mindfulness practice has had a positive impact on the development of personality. Outdoor education is also considered an important aspect of early childhood education. Research on the use of mindfulness with children is scarce at present, and it focuses entirely on the primary school level and beyond. This informal survey aims to illustrate how mindfulness practice and outdoor education can be combined in activities for nursery school children. Material and Method. Forty children from two to three years of age participated in the survey. They were divided into two groups: the intervention group and the control group. They both practiced mindfulness exercises to develop concentration and selective attention, together with sensory-motor activities. Children in the intervention group could practice mindfulness in outdoor activities, whereas children in the intervention group practiced the same activities in the classroom. Grids and a logbook for each child were used to record observation data. In addition, the Social Behavior Scale and the GMT-ER test were used for the assessment of children’s social-emotional and motor-cognitive skills before and after mindfulness practice combined with or without outdoor activities. Results. The qualitative analysis of the results indicates that the teaching of mindfulness practice, together with outdoor activities, encourages children to reflect on themselves, to maintain concentration on activities for a longer period of time, to have pro-social behaviors, and to become aware of the environment. Conclusion. Nursery school activities should always involve body, mind, and emotions, together with mindfulness practice. When a child can experience this connection within a natural environment in the context of play, this has a significant impact on their psychological wellbeing.

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DRAMA/THEATER-BASED RESEARCH AS A MEANS TO EXPLORE THE KEY ASPECTS FOR INSTRUCTORS APPLYING DRAMA AND THEATER WITH AT-RISK YOUTH

Author(s): Andreea-Diana JICMAN / Language(s): English Issue: 14/2024

Objectives. The study sought to identify the most important psychological and professional training competencies of theater instructors in working with marginalized populations and to identify methodological difficulties and practical obstacles encountered during interactions with at-risk groups. Material and methods. The study involved nine theater instructors, aged 24-35, who delivered an intervention for at-risk youth. After the activities, interview and focus group methods were employed to facilitate discussions concerning the professional competencies and psychological traits of theater instructors in the context of challenges encountered when working with at-risk groups. The outcomes were subsequently analyzed using categorical analysis grids. Results. Participants highlighted challenges related to experiencing secondary traumatic stress and adopting a ‘rescuer’ role when working with young people at risk. They noted that there wasn’t a significant difference in their approach when working with the at-risk group compared to their standard practices, indicating the value of pre-existing training in mitigating potential stressful situations. Conclusions. This qualitative investigation has revealed that drama instructors encounter various challenges when working with at-risk groups, but these can be effectively addressed through the cultivation of specific psychological attributes and professional competencies.

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PERSPECTIVES AND DIRECTIONS OF DEVELOPMENT OF ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE IN THE DIGITAL AGE

Author(s): Gordana Nikčević,Djordjije Pavićević / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2024

In the conditions of the strong development of digital technologies, the business of organizations in a traditional environment becomes very tight. New digital technologies have implications for modern business operations. Digital trends require changes not only in the way business organizations work (jobs, workplaces and employees) but also a change in the entire concept of organizational culture (behavior and thinking of employees). In order for digital technologies not to become an obstacle to the business of modern organizations, in our work we will identify a new organizational culture that is able to support new technologies. At the same time, we will look at the key elements of the traditional organizational culture, which we have to transform. In the final part, with the aim of improving the business of business organizations, guidelines will be given for the development of a new digital organizational culture that will contribute to the improvement of business, all in the context of adapting to new digital technologies. In the study of digital transformation and organizational culture, the authors employ analytical and synthetic approaches to achieve a deeper understanding. The analytical approach deconstructs elements through qualitative analysis, while the synthetic approach integrates information and theories to form a comprehensive concept. These approaches enable the identification of optimal strategies for different contexts, which is crucial for this study. Overall, the study contributes to theoretical understanding of digital transformation and organizational culture, while also offering practical guidance for organizations undergoing the process of digital transformation.

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IDENTIFYING POST-DISASTER PSYCHOLOGICAL REACTIONS AND POSSIBILITIES TO REDUCE POTENTIAL DAMAGES

Author(s): László Teknős / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2023

Disasters can endanger and harm people’s lives, health and properties, the basic living conditions of the population, the natural and built environment, and natural values. Therefore, one should always calculate with some kind of an accompanying psychic effect. It is important to deal with the analysis and presentation of psychic phenomena shortly or long after the disasters. In the present article, we are attempting to present a comprehensive summary of the issue. After systemizing the causes of disasters and the features of incident sites, we identify and map the expected psychic consequences, searching for protection options and solutions. The article discusses the psychological effects of terrorism as well.

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How Employee Well-being Mediates the Relationship between Employee Experience and Work Engagement?

Author(s): Berk Ozcinar,Emel Esen,Selin KARACA VARINLIOĞLU,Doğan BAŞAR / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2024

The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of employee experience on work engagement. A questionnaire consisting of both open-ended and multiple-choice items was administered to 308 respondents working in seven main insurance companies operating in Turkey. Employee experience is divided into three dimensions: the perceived importance of managers, work meaningfulness, and career-focused experience. According to the results of this study, employee experience has an important effect on work engagement. Employee well-being partially mediates the relationship between employee experience and work engagement. The importance of the research is that it shows that employee experience practices and welfare policies implemented by companies will ultimately result in work engagement. We emphasize the importance of providing employees with a positive experience throughout their journey, from recruitment to post-employment, as it leads to positive outcomes at both an individual and organizational level.

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Magnitude of social anxiety disorder, and impact on quality of life among medical students, taif city-KSA

Author(s): Hadeel N. Bin Jarallah,Fahad K. Al Omari,Imtenan F. Altowairiqi,Khulod K. Al Saad / Language(s): English Issue: 5/2017

Background: Social anxiety disorder is a prevalent condition in KSA, especially among people who are in their adolescent years and in the early twenties. It has significant impact on education and employment. Aim: To estimate the magnitude of Social anxiety disorder (SAD), identify associated factors and assess its effect on the quality of life among the participants. Subjects and methods: it was a cross sectional study conducted in April and May (2015). It included all medical students in the clinical years at Taif University-KSA. A a validated self-administered questionnaire used as data collection tools. Results: The study included 283 students out of 338 invited to participate (RR=83.7%). Their age mean was 23.5years and standard deviation of 1 year. Males represented 65% of them. Based on DSM-V criteria, SAD was diagnosed in 29.3% of the medical students in the clinical years, Taif University. None of the studied demographic variables was significantly associated with SAD. Students who reported often parental criticism, often parental criticism in front of others and occasional, usual parental provocation or often parental maltreatment, reported higher rate of SAD compared with others, p< 0.05. Quality of life based on social adaptation of self-evaluation score ranged between 0 and 60 with a mean of 37.1 and standard deviation of 11.2. Conclusion: The prevalence of SAD constitutes about one third of the medical students in the clinical years, Taif University but it has significant effect on the QoL. Attention with proper education and periodic assessment is highly recommended for university students.

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Body’s image concerns and its impact on academic achievements

Author(s): N. Tallat,A. Fatima,D. Adiya / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2017

Introduction: Someone`s self-perception is somebody’s very own mental representation or identity or as organized definitive learning about one’s self that could manage the social conduct. Young people observed to be occupied with redesigning and figuring their mental self-image. Poor self-perception diminishes self-adequacy and self-regard which cause mutilation in scholarly accomplishment. Method: An observational study was led utilizing online questionnaire, 160 college undergraduates from various health sciences disciplines were included including both male, and female subjects. Effect of mental self-perception on educational accomplishments was examined. Results: Results revealed that, physical appearance or body image did affect academic achievement or scholastic accomplishment. Most of the undergraduate students showed concerns regarding self-image, they get distressed due to physical appearance, further, their physical appearance also interfere in getting education and performing daily tasks. It is also observed that students who are satisfied with their self-image obtained higher grades as compare to their counterparts. Students found to be involve in watching TV as well as reading beauty magazine which also influence their cognitive powers and hence change their self-regard. Conclusion: Understanding of connections between a positive self-perception and academic achievement can influence programs that are offered at college and universities. This study could be useful to academic wellbeing instructors, faculty and student affairs professionals involved in students counseling and motivations. Further research is needed to explore the link between academic success and lack of society`s concern regarding idea about beauty in reality

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Mental health and youth of Kashmir

Author(s): Sayed Aqeel,Mohammad Muzaffar Khan,Shekhar Saxena,Shafique Ur Rehman / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2017

This report is being written in the context of current political turmoil in Kashmir and the impact it had on the mental health of the Youth of Kashmir. To begin with let us define what Mental health means. According to WHO Mental health is a state of well being in which an individual realizes his or her own abilities, can cope with the normal stresses of life , can work productively and is able to make contribution to his or her community. In this positive sense mental health is the foundation for individual well being and the effective functioning of a community. It becomes a disability if it has long term effect on normal day to day activity which is something an individual does regularly in a normal day.

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Exploring the relationships between perceptions of peer prejudice, school attendance, and academic performance among adolescent youth

Author(s): Roslyn M Caldwell-Gunes,N. Clayton Silver / Language(s): English Issue: 5/2015

Research pertaining to perceived prejudice among adolescents has been limited despite the growing prevalence and incidence of issues centered around race relations and the impact it has on youth development and academic achievement. Given the research gap in this area, especially as it relates to the variations among different racial and ethnic groups, this study examined the relationships between youths’ perceptions of peer prejudice in the school environment to school attendance and academic performance among a cross-sectional sample of 68,825 adolescents from Wave 1 of the In-School data set from the1 National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health). Multiple regression analyses pertaining to perceptions of peer prejudice was predictive of school attendance among African American, Caucasian, and Hispanic males and females. Results also revealed that perceived peer prejudice was predictive of academic performance among African American males and females and Caucasian females, but not predicative of Caucasian males and Hispanic males and females. Implications for research, intervention, and prevention as it relates to educational achievement among adolescent youth are discussed.

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Case of anxiety

Author(s): Zafar Iqbal / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2015

The client visited my clinic with her husband. The husband told me about the abnormal behavior. He informed me that the patient breaks her prayers in the middle and runs for ablution (the washing of hands and some other body parts before performing religious rituals or prayers) she keeps repeating this act many times and she spent more than two hours for a single prayer. He further told about her aggressively behavior with him, mother and other family members, he also compliant her self-talking. He also informed about the stammering not with friends but with family members, especially while talking to her mother or husband.

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Post-traumatic stress disorder in the aftermath of wars, conflicts and terrorism: co-relation between countries gdp and prevalence of PTSD

Author(s): Muhammad Gul,Rafey Faruqui A. / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2016

Background: An estimated 1.6trillion dollars per year is spent on defence, and as much as three times more people are killed by human made disasters, the reported prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder among population exposed to human-made disasters varied across different countries. The global cost of mental illness is 2.5trillion dollars, accounting for 37% of health loss years. Aim: Our aim was to investigate the prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder across different region in population exposed to human-made disasters including war, conflicts and terrorist attacks. Another aim of our study was to investigate the correlation between prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder and economic performance indicators of individual countries, and percentage of GDP spend on health care. Method: The study was conducted in two stages. In stage 1 we conducted systematic literature search to establish prevalence of PTSD reported in context of human-made disasters from different countries. In stage we gathered economic performance reports and health care expenditure of respective countries. SPSS was used to identify any correlation between prevalence of PTSD, countries GDP, and percentage of GDP spend on health care expenditure. Results: The review identifies large variation in the prevalence of post-traumatic disorder in population exposed to human-made disasters, with prevalence estimates from 0.6 to 73%. It has been found that countries with poor socioeconomic structure and lower spending on health care expenditures were seen with high prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder. Conclusion: Difference in prevalence of PTSD can be explained by gender, marital status, and educational background of the participants and time of the study after exposure to traumatic event. But countries socioeconomic status and per capita GPD health care expenditure were found to be significantly correlated with the difference in prevalence of PTSD in population exposed to human-made disasters.

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Relationship of emotional intelligence and stress in undergraduate medical students

Author(s): Yasien Yasien,Tabassum Alvi,Washdev Washdev / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2016

Objective: Medical education is considered as highly stressful. The role of emotional intelligence in managing stress and in better adjustment is well-recognised. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the association of emotional intelligence and its subcomponents with stress in undergraduate medical students. Method: Total sample consisted on 238 undergraduate medical students including 73 males, and 165 females. Demographic form, the scale of emotional intelligence and perceived stress scale were administered to assess the study variables. Results: Linear regression analysis was computed. Level of stress was found to be higher among females than males. Moreover, results showed that subcomponents of EI including optimism (B= -257, p< .01), problem solving (B= -257, p< 01), flexibility (B= -273, p< 01) and interpersonal skills (B= -.127, p< 05) were found to be negatively correlated with stress. Conclusion: It can be concluded that medical student’s use of emotions intelligently helps towards off the stress. Study results pointed toward the need of incorporating the programs for enhancement of emotional intelligence to manage the stress in better way.

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IZGUBLJENI GLASOVI NIRVANE

Author(s): Marko Raguž / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 39-40/2024

Cirkulacija društvenih procesa se zasniva na manipulacijama koje se tiču ljudske psihe, njene podsvijesti i seksualnosti. Pri tome se odvija proces potiskivanja, i upravljanja ljudskom seksualnošću. Ekonomsko tržište, medicina i vojna tehnologija jako dobro poznaju način na koji spomenute kategorije žive u ljudskom organizmu, čime vješto upravljaju, kako bi se izrabljivački ustroj tržišta (koje je jedna forma modernog ropstva) mogao ostvarivati. Može se ustvrditi da današnje institucije pokazuju neuspjeh u upravljanju ljudima. Čak i Crkva, koja ima višemilenijsku tradiciju, pokazuje neuspjeh, kada je u pitanju to upravljanje. Sigmund Freud je dijagnosticirao fenomene podsvijesti i snova, odnose potiskivanja i memorije, i njegovo učenje je ugrađeno u terapijske prakse moderne neuro-psihijatrije i psihologije. Međutim, to ne znači da neuro-psihijatrija ima uspjeha na planu ukupnog društva. Tome neuspjehu svjedoče ratovi, koji izbijaju svakih nekoliko decenija. Procesi potiskivanja i zloupotrebe čovjekove seksualnosti postaju preveliki, što dovodi do zagušenja cirkulacije društvenih tokova.

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