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Въвеждане на ученици и студенти в практическата астрономия посредством инструменти на Виртуалната обсерватория

Author(s): Alexander Kurtenkov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2021

Large-scale astronomical surveys from the last decades have turned the usage of catalogs and archival data into one of the primary skills of contemporary observational astronomers. Virtual observatory tools give high school and university students the opportunity to conduct astronomical research by themselves, using freely available observational data. For this purpose, they need basic theoretical knowledge in astronomy. The current paper includes a review of this theoretical knowledge as well as a review of Virtual observatory tools suitable for students. Results obtained by students using VO tools at the Beli Brezi Summer School in Astronomy and Astrophysics are presented as well.

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On the Synchronization of Candle Oscillators

Author(s): Yavor Yordanov / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2021

In this study we will investigate an interesting collective behavior of candles. It has been observed that when several candles burn close to each other they form a common flame that exhibits oscillations in size and brightness. If two such oscillators burn together, they interact and the oscillations of the resultant system depend on the distance between them. The aim of this investigation, inspired by Problem 5 of the International Young Physicists Tournament in 2021, is to theoretically explain the phenomenon through overlapping of hot gas flows and radiation, as well as to check our understanding and measure additional parameters experimentally using advanced techniques, such as high speed schlieren photography.

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Analysis of the liquids composition by the sound produced by their heating

Author(s): Assen Pashov,Grigori Matein / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2021

When a liquid is heated and the power of the heater is high enough (about 1MW/m2), bubbles are formed at the surface of the heater. Their expansion and collapse are the source of a specific sound, known to everybody who uses a kettle to prepare water for tea or coffee. The main goal of this study is to investigate whether it is possible to judge about the composition of the heated liquid by this sound. A specialized experimental set up is assembled and a systematic study of all known factors, influencing the sound is carried out. It is found out that the most crucial parts of the set up are the container for the liquids and the heater. They are discussed in detail and considerations for further improvements are given. It is demonstrated that with the present apparatus it is possible to detect changes in the sound spectrum when changing the composition of the liquid. For example, one can distinguish between pure water and water with less than 0.1% of ethanol. Along with admixtures of different alcohols, experiments with a soap solution in water and carbonated water are performed.

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Матурите по география – от най-желани, до най-стремглаво отбягвани

Author(s): Ivan Drenovski / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2021

The article provides a retrospective review of the mandatory state matriculation examinations in Bulgarian language and the second elective subject conducted in the period 2008 – 2021. Official data obtained on the basis of applications under the Access to Information Act were used. The total number of those who appeared at the matriculation exam in geography and economics and their grades in it are compared with the data for the other general matriculation subjects. The dynamics in the number of pupils attending all kinds of exams is monitored. Different tendencies stand out, which are explained by the action of general and specific factors. The reasons for the low results and the consequences of the headlong decline of those wishing to take the matriculation exam in geography and economics are indicated.

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Проектно базираното обучение в модел за съдържателна и технологична интеграция в екологичното образованиe

Author(s): Claida Doychinova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2021

Project-based learning (PBL) is a comprehensive strategy for activating students‘cognitive potential. This opens up great opportunities fora personally motivated and constructive process of learning. Project work is an interactive strategy for implementing the connection between students‘theoretical knowledge and practical activity, for linking education to their real life and cognitive experience, for realizing meaningful socialization and for orienting them in the existing informative environment as necessary competences of the modern personality. The article presents the results of the application of project-based training as a model for substantive and technological integration in environmental education, which is in the intersected field of formal and non-formal education. The model was fulfilled with the participation of 7th grade students of Tzvetan Spasov Elementary School and Lazar Stanev Primary School – Pleven, who attend extracurricular activities at the Center for Personal Development Support – Center for Student, Technical and Scientific creativity.

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Представяне на понятието конично сечение с компютър

Author(s): Petya Asenova,Marin Marinov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2021

The article discusses the problem of introducing and constructing mathematical concepts using a computer. The Wolfram Mathematica 12 symbolic calculation system is used at each stage of the complex spiral process to form the notion of conic section and the related concepts of focus, directrix and eccentricity. The nature of these notions implies the use of appropriate animations, 3D graphics and symbolic calculations. Our vision of the process of formation of mathematical concepts is presented. The notions ellipse, parabola and hyperbola are defined as the intersection of a conical surface with a plane not containing the vertex of the conical surface. The conical section is represented as a geometric location of points on the plane for which the ratio of the distance to the focus to the distance to the directrix is a constant value. The lines of hyperbola and ellipse are determined by their foci. The equivalence of different definitions for conical sections is commented.

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Learning Analytics Tool for Bulgarian School Education

Author(s): Silvia Gaftandzhieva,Rositsa Doneva,George Pashev,Mariya Docheva / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2021

Nowadays, schools use many information systems to automate their activities for different stakeholders’ groups – learning management systems, student diary, library systems, digital repositories, financial management and accounting systems, document processing systems, etc. The huge amount of data generated by the users of these systems, led to increased interest in the collection and analysis of data to encourage students to achieve higher results, teachers to provide personalized support and school managers to make data-driven decisions at all levels of school, and stimulates research into the application of Learning Analytics (LA) in schools. The paper presents a LA model and a software prototype of the LA tool designed for the needs of Bulgarian school education from the perspective of different stakeholder groups (students, teachers, class teachers, parents, school managers, inspectors from evaluation agencies),aiming to improve school methods of approaching and analyzing learning data. The tool allows stakeholders to track data for students’ learning or training for different purposes, e.g. monitoring, analysis, forecast, intervention, recommendations, etc., but finally to improve the quality of learning and teaching processes. Research and experiments with the model and the LA tool under consideration are conducted based on the information infrastructure of a typical Bulgarian school.

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За природата на математиката и за математиката в природата –една приказка за симетрията с продължение за малки и големи

Author(s): Cvetelin Andreev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2021

The paper describes activities for developing the notion of symmetries. The activities were performed by a group of children between the ages of 5 and 9and a parent of two of them. Through play and active work the group explores symmetries in sports, architecture, biology, language, music and mathematics. The activities were carried out outdoors in nature. Ideas for complementary activities with computers are presented. As a result the children demonstrate the ability to recognize symmetries in areas and situations different from the ones set in the activities they performed. This proves the main thesis of the paper: the nature of mathematics can be captured successfully in an informal environment at any age.

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ABOUT ON-LINE LEARNING AND TEACHING: POINTS OF VIEW, ANALYSIS, OBSERVATIONS

Author(s): Mihaela SUDITU / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2020

The pandemic and the state of emergency instituted last spring took our country by surprise, forcing it to cope with this rapid adaptation from an educational perspective as well. Without a previously thought-out strategy, schools closed and therefore the education process turned to the online for solutions. The impact has led to challenges for both teachers and pupils/ students. Our microstudy captures - through a focus group based on a guided interview and a checklist – students’ perception on going through this unfamiliar situation; it also captures the difficulties of adapting to the technology-based education system, while emphasizing the need to rethink education through digitization and access to resources, technology, applications and tools to which pedagogical significance can be attributed.

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ONLINE EDUCATION – TEACHERS’ PERSPECTIVE

Author(s): Simona Eftimie / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2020

This paper aims to identify the advantages and disadvantages of online education from teachers’ perspective. For this purpose we have analysed the opinions of 20 teachers, also students in education sciences from our university. They have been questioned about professional and personal implications of online education during pandemic times. We were also interested about their vision about the changes that these experiences will generate in Romanian schools’ routines. Other results are also discussed here.

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RECONFIGURATION AND A NEW TYPE OF TEACHER-STUDENT RELATIONSHIP IN ONLINE EDUCATION

Author(s): Alina Mărgăriţoiu / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2020

Although the coronavirus pandemic has shown the dramatic failure of current public education policies, this paper illustrates the results of an online focus group with sophomores in Primary and Preschool Pedagogy that online education can be a viable alternative to traditional / face-to-face education only if teachers make certain reconfigurations in the teaching-learning-evaluation activity and in online educational communication, and the teacher-student relationship is imbued by goodwill and mutual care.

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ADULTS’ EDUCATION DURING PANDEMIC TIMES: PERSONAL AND PROFESSIONAL PERSPECTIVE

Author(s): Simona Eftimie,Alina Mărgăriţoiu / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2020

This paper aims to identify the advantages and disadvantages of distance education for middle stage adult students. For this purpose we have analysed our students’ perspective considering the implications of distance educations on their professional and professional life. We have also tried to identify routines changes and perspective plans considering personal and school relationships. Other results, like particular difficulties for this category of students – in roles conflicts – marriage partners, parents (most of them have children), members of extended family, friends etc. are also discussed here.

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VISIBLE LEARNING AND INTRINSIC MOTIVATION. A CONCEPTUAL DESIGN

Author(s): Dragoş Grigorescu / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2020

In the context of increasing public interest in the performance of learning for students or parents, the best example of measuring efficiency is the well-known Hattie Ranking, which measures the most effective educational measures applicable to the classroom in order to increase students' school performance. In this paper we propose an analysis of several didactic interventions that we later relate to intrinsic motivation as it is built in Self-Determination Theory. As the area of analysis is very large, the Hattie scale today counts 252 indicators, so we limited ourselves to the way in which the educational interventions from the top Hattie were synthesized and adapted by researchers from the Brio Adviser platform and summarized to 24 indicators in the Romanian educational context.

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Типология на творческите задачи и мястото им в обучението по математика

Author(s): Sevdalina Georgieva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 6/2021

One of the main tasks of modern education is to develop the creative abilities of students. The formation of creative personalities is achievable by applying creative teaching, which can be realized through a well-chosen system of creative tasks to achieve various didactic goals - problems for discovering new knowledge, problems with open beginning or end, problems with missing or more data, problems for compiling a given mathematical model or final goal. This article offers analysis and typology of creative tasks based on the defined concept of a math problem, as a system of four components – initial state, final state, solution of the problem, basis of the solution of the problem. For demonstration, a mathematical problem is reformulated in different variations at all levels of difficulty.

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Превенция и корекция на девиантно и делинквентно поведение, отразени в изкуството: оценка на анализ по алгоритъм

Author(s): Daniel Polihronov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 6/2021

The problem of the reflection of prevention and correction of deviant and delinquent behaviour in art is not new, but it is contemporary and insufficiently researched in Bulgaria. In order to clarify and expand the competencies of students in the Faculty of Education of Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski” prepared to work in the field of prevention and correction of behaviour deviating from the moral and legal norms, a task is set for the analysis of an artwork that interprets the problem of deviant and delinquent behaviour. An algorithm for artwork analysing related to the problem of deviant and delinquent behaviour and their prevention is proposed. An assessment of the students' analyses based on the taxonomies of V. Belspalko and B. Bloom is presented.

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Стигма и социални дистанции при зрелостници спрямо хора с психични разстройства

Author(s): Simeon I. Sapundzhiev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 6/2021

The project is dedicated to people with mental disorders, stigmatizing attitudes and social distances, manifested by graduate students. Different aspects of stigmatization and social distance are considered theoretically – fear, refusal to participate in cooperative activities, presence of a negative attitude, adverse treatment, aggression and more. At the end, there are made recommendations to overcome stigma and social distances. Empirical findings show that graduate students exhibit negative attitudes and social distances toward people with mental disorders, but they are well below the average levels for the Bogardus Social Distance Scale. The actual group of respondents definitely maintaining friendly relations with members of the target group and does not mind establishing a specialized center for dealing with people with mental disorders in the city or in their neighborhood.

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UTILIZATION OF WEB 2.0 EDUCATIONAL TOOLS AND THE GOOGLE EARTH APPLICATION IN INTERACTIVE TEACHING-LEARNING IN THE SUBJECT OF GEOGRAPHY

Author(s): Irina-Andreea Manolachi / Language(s): English Issue: 15/2021

This article evaluates the determination of the effectiveness of the use of Web 2.0 tools and the Google Earth application in the formation of general competences, specific to geography in pre-university and university education and whether it contributes to students 'achievement on students' school performance in geography classes.Demonstrating that the predominant use of Web tools and the Google Earth application leads to increasing students' motivation for learning, to increasing the quality and efficiency of the instructional-educational process in the school. The need to use information technologies, Web 2.0 tools, Google Earth application in the process of teaching-learning Geography, for the formation of specific skills. The use in the educational process, together with other auxiliary tools, favors the access in real time to the information, the internal and international exchanges and offers new possibilities of learning - teaching. In this sense, Web tools are becoming a true ally of teachers and students alike.

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Изследване на погледа при възприемане на елементите в страница от учебник по български език

Author(s): Despina Vasileva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 5/2021

A study about perception of a page from a textbook of Bulgarian is presented in the article. Participants in the experiment are 30 students of age 15 to 19 from high schools in Sofia. The study is realized through an eye tracking system. For the purposes of the study 8 stimuli (textbook pages) were constructed, containing the components as follows: “text”, “image”, and “diagram”. In each stimulus the quantity of the components differs. All possible pairs in a combination in the left and in the right field of view are presented in the stimuli. The goal of the research is to be examined the fixation of the gaze on each elements of a textbook page. To assess the characteristic of the gaze was calculated the number of saccades in the left and right visual field of the slides. The data are organized in spreadsheets. Statistical analysis is performed in two-group t-test (two samples with different variances). Mean number of saccades, standard deviation, standard error, critical ratio are calculated.

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POTENTIAL APPLICATIONS OF ANTIBACTERIAL COMPOUNDS IN EDIBLE COATING AS FISH PRESERVATIVE

Author(s): Maulidan Firdaus,Desy Nila Rahmana,Diah Fitri Carolina,Nisrina Rahma Firdausi,Zulfaa Afiifah,Berlian Ayu Rismawati Sugiarto / Language(s): English Issue: 5/2021

Fish is a product that breaks down quickly due to biochemical reactions that cause a decrease in the quality of its nutritional and sensory values. Natural preservatives make fish safer for consumption than fish preserved with formalin. Edible coating is a preservative that can be eaten, can prevent biological, chemical and physical changes, is able to prevent mass transfer, acts as a moisture barrier, be contained antimicrobial/antibacterial and antioxidants, increases shelf life, as well as protects food from microbial contamination. Antimicrobial/antibacterial compounds added to edible coatings are able to inhibit food degradation and/or remodel toxic compounds such as free radicals. Antimicrobials can be obtained from plant extracts such as alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, phenolic acids, and eugenol. These compounds can slow the growth of bacteria in fish namely Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus sp., Staphylococcusaureus, Psychrotrophic and Psychrophilic bacteria counts, Enterobacteriaceae, and lactic acid bacteria. This article reviews the application of various antibacterial compounds from various plants that are added to edible coatings as preservatives in fish.

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Diverse nature of literacy: The sociocultural perspective

Author(s): Izabela Dąbrowska / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2019

Considering the pace of the contemporary changes in the world, largely due to global trends and rapid development of media technology, it is commonly accepted that literacy cannot connote reading and writing any more as it did until several years ago. Much broader conceptualisations of what literary practices stand for are needed as people actually use literacy in diverse contexts and for different purposes. These are offered by sociocultural theories and approaches, which, despite being dissimilar with one another, do not undermine the traditional views on literacy and its practices but forward new complex and inclusive ways of understanding the phenomenon.

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