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Развитие на хипотезите за биохимичния произход на живота

Author(s): Zdravka Kostova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2021

Analyzes the main positions and critiques of leading hypotheses about the biochemical origin of life as a result of new achievements in natural sciences and technologies. Compares their basic characteristics in respect to proposed geochemical conditions and argued consequences of biochemical processes. Gives description of the last universal common ancestor of all living things – LUCA.

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Основни дидактически аспекти, свързани с прилагане на STEM технологията в обучението по природни науки

Author(s): Hristina Petrova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2021

STEM technology is an innovative educational technology. It refers to development of the students’ intellectual abilities, to constructive and cognitive-researching activity and to technical work. There are presented basic didactic aspects, connected with the applying of the STEM technology in Science education. The emphasis is put on practical tasks with problematic character. They allow 21st century competencies to be formed, such as creativity, communication skills, teamwork and critical thinking. Organization of the educational process, educational work forms and teacher’s new pedagogical role are also presented. Educational simulations and robots are looked at as didactic means of putting the STEM technology into practice while studying Science, in particular Physics.

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Специфична натовареност на преподавателите в дистанционна форма на обучение – същност и модели за отчитане в някои български университети

Author(s): Stoynka Lazarova,Lachezar Lazarov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 5/2021

In the following article a comparative analysis is made between the reporting models on the specific workload of university teachers. The main aim of this article is to outline the most efficient methods and consequently to make a step towards suggesting a universal method, which is to support universities when it comes to fulfilling NAOA’s criteria. This is expected to create an environment for increasing the motivation and commitment of teachers to design and build better quality e-learning courses

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Интернет на нещата (internet of things) в сферата на образованието

Author(s): Natalia I. Vitanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 5/2021

In this article an attempt is made to present the Internet of Things technology and its possibilities for application in the field of education. The phases of globalization and the industrial revolutions in the course of which various technologies arise, which determine and accompany life in all its contexts, are described. Although there is no generally accepted definition of the term Internet of Things in the article, an attempt is made to define the concept. In terms of civilization, this technology has the potential to solve some of the global problems of the modern world - environmental, hunger, health and longevity of the population, the quality of life of people.

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Сравнителен анализ на основните учебни дейности в различните степени на математическото образование

Author(s): Yanka Stoimenova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 5/2021

The article discusses the methodological ideas in Bulgaria related to the basic educational activities in the different degrees of mathematical education. Emphasis is placed on the systematization of the educational activities in the initial training in mathematics, built on the basis of a variant of a complete system of basic learning activities in the mathematics lesson, proposed for the first time in the country by Prof. Ivan Ganchev. The ideas of Prof. Iliya Gyudzhenov, who deals with lectures and seminars on mathematics as systems of activities, are also covered. The similarities and differences in the group of basic activities between the different systems - in primary, secondary and higher education - were analyzed.

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Образователна подкрепа на деца в резидентна грижа в условията на електронно обучение (Теоретични аспекти)

Author(s): Yuliana Kovachka / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 5/2021

The changed conditions for the educational process` implementation in a state of an emergency outside the school institution raise a number of questions regarding the educational opportunities for the children raised and brought up in residential services, i.e. Out of the biological family. The purpose of this study is to identify the resources, organization, and opportunities for effective e-learning for children and students raised in residential services and attending general kindergartens and schools. Precisely, these are specialized institutions – Social care homes for children deprived of parental care, and the so-called alternative residential care - family-type accommodation centers for disabled children and transitional housing. The selected target group differentiates between difficulties in the e-learning process, both for children and young people in residential care and for the professionals who support them and are not prepared for such a situation.

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SWOT Analysis as a Research Method in Pedagogy

Author(s): Delyan Penchev / Language(s): English Issue: 5/2021

SWOT analysis is an approach traditionally applied in the field of strategic planning and strategic management. Its essence finds expression in the analysis of internal and external factors which can influence over development of the organization, a given managerial technique, etc. In view of this in present article are analyzed the possibilities for application of SWOT analysis in the field of pedagogy. This thesis is based on two basic points of view: first – in every scientific research the analysis of the received information and data is required and although that the said method is a specific type of analysis it has potential to be applied not only in the field of management and marketing but in others scientific spheres one of which can be pedagogy. Second – SWOT analysis can be treated as a scientific method and the results obtained through it – used for solving scientific tasks and purposes.

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The Problem of Multicultural Component of Language Education

Author(s): Anzhelina A. Koriakina / Language(s): English Issue: 5/2021

The article is devoted to the problem of language education in the multicultural aspect. The urgency of the problem is due to modernization of education with its course on the use of the educational process for harmonization of interethnic relations, on multicultural education. The content of the problem is revealed through consideration of the question of multicultural component of language education. The aim of the article is to reveal the content, functions and structure of the multicultural component. It is revealed that the content of the multicultural component of language education includes a set of interrelated external (regional-cultural, ethnic-cultural, socio-cultural, intercultural) and internal (world-reflective) elements. The main functions of the multicultural component are cognitive, evaluative, personal-oriented, and integrative functions. In accordance with the functions, the structural levels of the multicultural component - enculturation, communicative-linguistic and information - are distinguished.

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Роля на училището за формиране на гражданско общество през призмата на отношението и нагласите на най-младите пълнолетни българи към изучаване на прехода към демокрация

Author(s): Anna Varbanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 5/2021

This article partially presents the results of a study among high-school students on the civil society values as identity-shaping within the educational process. Herewith, we discuss their perceptions and attitudes to the studying of the recent Bulgarian history, and in particular – the transition toward democracy. The results are discussed in a comparative perspective with those of our similar study conducted in the school year 2014/2015. Furthermore, we initiate a discussion on the role of the choice, subjects (especially of civic education), and various pedagogical forms for meeting the educational needs with identity- and value-determining nature.

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Effects of Digital Media Integrated Reciprocal Teaching on Students’ Reading Ability and Motivation

Author(s): Zhenlong CHU / Language(s): English Issue: 73/2021

The 21st century is the knowledge economic era decided by brains. Reading is the sole tactic to rapidly accumulate knowledge and effectively absorb others’ research results. The level of reading ability is closely related to individual future learning and employment and even economic development. A competitive nation nowadays would invest large amount of resources and plans in reading. Students could broadly absorb distinct knowledge through reading to make up inadequate teaching hours of teachers, i.e. entering the time, space, and culture in books through reading, without which people could merely live in personal time and space. With experimental design model to precede the quasi-experimental study, total 216 elementary school students in Jiangsu, as the research objects, are preceded the 16-week (3 hours per week for total 48 hours) digital media integrated reciprocal teaching. The research results show that digital media integrated reciprocal teaching would affect reading ability, digital media integrated reciprocal teaching would affect reading motivation, and reading ability reveals significantly positive effects on reading motivation. According to the results, suggestions are proposed, expecting to apply previously mentioned reciprocal teaching principles to readers’ animation design, to cultivate students’ learning strategy through “man”-“machine” interaction, and to enhance reading comprehension.

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ÇOCUKLARIN KORONA SALGINI KONULU RESİMLERİNİN GÖSTERGEBİLİMSEL ANALİZİ

Author(s): Sezen Aksu / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 1/2021

Definitely, the most important event of 2020 has been the COVID-19 Pandemic, which has affected the whole world and created a change in all aspects socially, economically and psychologically. The way of life in this process, measures taken, practices, prohibitions have caused some effects on children as well as adults, and a number of restrictions have been made from educational life to social life. With this research, it is aimed to reveal the feelings and thoughts of the children, who are seen as the voice of the future, about how they perceive the pandemic through the pictures they made. For this purpose, the pictures of 25 students between the ages of 9-12 who attend Kastamonu Science and Art Center about corona pandemic were analyzed by semiotic method. In the analysis, the “sign, indicator and signage” classification used in Saussure's semiotics method, and the results were described by analyzing the indicators, signifiers, and signifiers that students use the most. As a result of the research, it was observed that the students showed a more egocentric approach, street-park display is at the forefront as a venue, in general, negative emotions, longing for the street, nature, and outdoors stand out.

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The role of the education system in the development of human capital in the hospitality industry in Poland

Author(s): Anna Tokarz-Kocik / Language(s): English Issue: 4/1/2018

One of the main problems of vocational education is to adapt school education to the changing needs of the labour market. This article characterizes the current Polish system for training personnel for the needs of the hospitality industry as well as presents employers’ expectations in that respect. The article constitutes the result of literature studies and an analysis of available secondary data on the analysed issue.

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Приложение на изследователския подход за развитие на научна грамотност при изучаване химичните процеси в обучението по химия и опазване на околната среда – Х клас

Author(s): Yordanka Stefanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2021

For the future life of young people their scientific education will allow them to live and act adequately in a society influenced by the ideas and values of science. Therefore, in the center of many educational systems an emphasis is placed on forming and developing scientific literacy in students. Inquiry-based approach in education is one of the important means for its formation and development as it puts the students in a situation where they carry out research activity, describe and analyze its results. In this article is presented an attempt to use inquiry-based approach in the study of chemical processes in Chemistry and environmental protection in the10th. class. For its implementation a methodical model for application of scientific approach based on constructivist theories in education is developed. The results of a conducted experimental training for the determination of the expediency of the model are presented. A test is developed for establishing the training of students with an emphasis on scientific literacy. Testing results show that the developed methodical model creates good conditions for the development of scientific literacy.

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Насърчаване на грамотността и четенето в началния етап на основната образователна степен

Author(s): Hristina Gergova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2021

The article examines the role of reading in the education and development of students. The text presents various techniques to promote literacy and reading in the early stages of primary education and their impact on the students' literary knowledge, skills and competences. Recently, interactive teaching methods have been used to achieve these goals, in addition to traditional methods. Interactivity make the learning environment more exciting and engaging, reducing the difficulty of mastering the language. The use of interactive methods in teaching Bulgarian language and literature in 1st - 4th grades helps foster literacy and reading desire among students. Using interactive techniques and methods in 1st – 4th grades encourages literacy and reading.

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Създаване на животоподдържаща система за астронавти на мисия до Марс

Author(s): Hristina Kostadinova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2021

The more space science develops, the clearer it is that future generations of our civilization will control, inhabit and travel in space around the Earth. It is hard to imagine that astronauts’ long missions in future will be realized in an only technological environment. Building a life-sustaining system for astronauts on a mission to Mars is our main goal. For the development of an effective life-sustaining unit for use on long space and crewed flights, we need fresh food. The plants, we selected, are radishes (Raphanus sativus) and spirulina (Arthrospira platensis) but it is also necessary to work on the supply of proteins and fats. By calculating the specific nutritional needs of astronauts, we can keep them healthy on long duration space explorations. Water recycling is absolutely necessary. It reduces the load on board the spacecraft. The effect of the physical activity on the oxygen consumption has to be taken into account on spacecraft. For the successful growth of radishes and spirulina, the photosynthetic active radiation supply has to be at least 2μmol/m2/s. In the 2 μmol/m2/s treatment. The most effective influence on both mass and length of cotyledons of radishes, exerted the green and the yellow light. On the other hand, the accumulation of the photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll A and chlorophyll B) was influenced by the blue and green spectrum of light. The most favourable influence on the accumulation of carotenoids exerted the green and the yellow light.We weighed the mass of spirulina in photosynthetic active radiation 2 μmol/m2/s. According to collected data, the green and the red light were the most favourable for the accumulation of biomass of spirulina. We analysed the concentration of chlorophyll A and chlorophyll B in the biomass. Under the influence of yellow and red lights, chlorophyll A and B were accumulated in a huge amount. The most favourable influence on the accumulation of carotenoids exerted the green and the yellow light.

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Изследване на магнитните полета на жилищни сгради и влиянието им върху здравето на хората

Author(s): Radka Kostadinova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2021

With the prosperity of civilization people are more often put to the vibrations of the Earth’s magnetic field, which they are affecting by themselves in various ways. Settlements and residential areas, distant and electrical conductors, with its constantly changing electromagnetic field create strong deformations and weaken the Earth’s magnetic field. Is it possible that the reduction of the magnetic fields, in such buildings, to lead to illness and discomfort of the people living there. Is it possible that chronic discomfort and illness of the humans who inhabit those buildings don’t suffer from conditions, we usually connect with junk food, polluted air and the our stressful lifestyle, but are actually a result of the greatly reduced and changing magnetic field in the populated areas. With the research project developed by Tereza Stefanova with the help of students from the school, we tried to answer these questions. The purpose of our research is to: 1. Measure the magnetic field in buildings in our city, which differ by their construction and height and also to measure outside the city. 2. Determine if the change of the magnetic field and possible magnetic anomalies affect our health condition. The tasks we had to do to achieve our goal is to do take the measurements with a specific device.

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Интеграцията в учебния процес

Author(s): Neli Borcheva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2021

The article deals with the issue related to the use of the integrated approach and the integrated cross-curricular interaction in education. It focuses on its advantages for conducting a modern learning process, orientation to specific results and practical orientation of training. Issues of e-learning are addressed. Experiences and good practices of innovative schools in the implementation of integrated cross-curricular interaction are shared.

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Олимпийските ценности в спортните дейности и обучение по ФВС от разстояние в електронна среда

Author(s): Maria Bratova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2021

The Olympic values are the sports' spiritual power, which is incomprehensible and secret to many people, but can make sense of time, restore dignity and change the athlete's personality. “The important thing in the Olympic Games is not the triumph but the struggle, the essential thing is not to have conquered but to have fought well”, says the French educator and historian known as the father of the modern Olympic Games, Charles Pierre de Frédy, Baron de Coubertin. The noble spirit of this idea hides power and can become an ideal for anyone who wants to change himself/herself and the world around him/her. The time of technology, that we live in, represents a challenge of a healthy, educational and socio-cultural nature. The COVID-19 surprise blocked many activities and completely changed the world of sports and the physical activity of modern people. New issues and difficulties emerged, the great need for personal and family responsibility was felt, and spiritual, purely human values appeared. This article describes how teachers in physical education and sports found a landmark, solution and support in the idea of the Olympic movement and implemented it as an alternative in sports activities with young people and sports classes.

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Мотивация чрез създаване на чувство за принадлежност

Author(s): Bistra Grigorova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2021

The article articulates the solutions of one of the important tasks of the school as a community – the development of the social sense and sense of belonging. Adler's claim that social feeling develops on the basis of several important principles: freedom, mutual respect, responsibility and cooperation, encouragement, equality, is taken as its basis. It gives examples of situations in which the inevitable differences between community members are overcome based on age, position and life experience. The practices shared in the article show that extracurricular activities in which the student is not directly evaluated by the teacher, but together they strive to create a common product related to the well-being and reputation of the community, are an important factor in increasing trust, a sense of belonging and the motivation to succeed.

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Jak SARS-CoV-2 wdarł się do szkół i uczelni, czyli o językowych zmianach rzeczywistości szkolnej i akademickiej w dobie pandemii

Author(s): Piotr A. Owsiński / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2021

The paper is an attempt at connecting the area of emotions accompanying the learning and teaching process with an analysis of the foreign language interferences. The influences taken into consideration follow from the language contact in the context of the extralingual factors related to the COVID-19 pandemic. The research area is constituted by the selected foreign language morphemes and lexemes derived from the virus pandemic nomenclature in German language in the school and university reality. The analysis focuses on lexemes which have come into German following the spread of the pandemic. The lexemes are sorted with regard to their structure, the way they are formed, as well as their assimilation grade in the lexical and morphological system of the target language.

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