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Hungary Turns its Back on Europe. Dismantling Culture, Education, Science and the Media in Hungary, 2010-2019

Author(s): / Language(s): English

This report has been prepared by independent Hungarian intellectuals who wish to inform the Hungarian and international public as well as European institutions about the severe harm that the Orbán regime governing Hungary since 2010 has caused in the fields of education, science, culture, and the media. The reason for preparing the present report is that the acts of the successive Orbán governments consistently run counter to and consciously violate the fundamental principles, values, and norms of the European Union, not only as regards the rule of law and political and social rights, but also in the case of the cultural areas discussed here. In Hungary, important European values are being jeopardised, including cultural diversity, scientific and artistic autonomy, the respect for human dignity, access to education and culture, conditions for social mobility, the integration of disadvantaged social groups, the protection of cultural heritage, and the right to balanced information, as well as democratic norms like ensuring social dialogue, transparency and subsidiarity. By presenting the activities of the Orbán regime in the fields of culture, education, research, and the media, we provide information about areas little known to the international public. With our report, we wish to draw attention to the fact that an autocratic system has been constructed and consolidated in Hungary with the money of EU taxpayers and with the financial and political support of EU institutions. This system creates a worrying democratic deficit and severe social problems, while it also causes irreparable harm in the fields of education, science, and culture. The authors of the report are leading researchers, lecturers, and acknowledged experts, including several academicians, professors, heads of departments, and a former Minister of Culture. The undertaking was initiated and coordinated by the Hungarian Network of Academics

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BETON - Kulturno propagandni komplet br. 168, god. XI, Beograd, utorak, 23. februar 2016.

Author(s): Adriana Zaharijević,Saša Ćirić,Danilo Šarenac,Mehmed Begić,Melita Ranđelović / Language(s): Serbian

MIXER, Adriana Zaharijević: Zajednica i radikalna ljudskost; CEMENT, Saša Ćirić: Nostalgija i groteska; ARMATURA, Danilo Šarenac: Nasilje i analogije. Srpsko-albanski odnosi 1912-1918, Melita Ranđelović: Nastavnik i rodna neravnopravnost u školama; VREME SMRTI I RAZONODE, Mehmed Begić: Chinatown / Arhitekt

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ROLUL ASERTIVITĂȚII ÎN PROFESIA DIDACTICĂ

Author(s): Ionica-Ona Anghel,Oana Jitaru / Language(s): Romanian Publication Year: 0

The present paper presents the results of a qualitative scientific research based on the focus-group method. The concept of assertive communication are delimited from the perspective of the latest theories and arguments are made regarding the need for the integrated development of communication skills, self-affirmation and self-management in future student teachers. The research focuses on several essential dimensions of assertive communication, namely, initiating communication, self-esteem, defending one's rights, expressing positive and negative emotions. Its results provide us with clarifications regarding students' personal perspectives on building the teacher-student relationship, on the models provided and the skills acquired, on the concrete strategies of self-affirmation that they consciously use, on the approach to conflicts and situations. injustice, as well as on the techniques used in managing emotions in the context of teaching relationships. Starting from the types of assertive behaviors manifested by students in communication, a structure of their training and personal development needs is elaborated, as well as a series of educational strategies that can meet the expectations of future teachers

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Strategii de supravieţuire într-o comunitate de romi. Studiu de caz. Comunitatea „Digului”, Orăştie, judeţul Hunedoara

Author(s): Iulia-Elena Hossu / Language(s): Romanian

The study presented here is the result of an anthropological field research undertook in the summer of 2004, continued by re-entrances in the field for almost three years, 2005, 2006 and 2007, in the area of Orăştie, Hunedoara county. The research considered here was lead by PhD. Professor Enikő Magyari-Vincze, to which the author participated as a field researcher. Although it does not have the purpose of an exhaustive analysis regarding the surviving strategies to which the members of the community resort through various contexts, in everyday life, it can be considered a guiding mark of an analysis concerned with different aspects which describe the life of this community.

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School Market and the Educational Institutions in Transylvania, Partium and Banat between 1919 and 1948

Author(s): Attila Gidó / Language(s): English

This paper proposes to offer the statistical presentation of the transylvanian educational system and culture-generating institutions between 1918 and 1948, relying primarily on the hitherto published statistical summaries, censuses, annals, and studies, without carrying out any fundamental research or analysis. The paper fits into the first phase of a larger European comparative research project supported by the European Research Council. The documentation needed for the detailed analyses in the second phase is collected by other colleagues working on this research. Hopefully, their findings will be published in the near future.

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Audit Culture and the Making of a “Gypsy School”. Financing Policies, Curricula, Testing and Educational Inequalities in a Romanian Town

Author(s): Zsuzsa Plainer / Language(s): English

However segregation and discrimination are very important factors that block access of Roma to quality education, there are a series of less visible phenomena also responsible for school inequalities. Aim of this paper is to understand how some of these sophisticatedly linked factors lead to the making of a "Gypsy school" in a Romanian town, a school with low educational performance and bad fame. In doing so, the notion of audit culture is introduced, understood as a set of culturally mediated norms and practices of ranking. As this approach comes into sight, one may understand how - despite the commitment shown by the Romanian policy-makers to facilitate school integration of the Roma - a series of regulations unwittingly obstruct this aim. As it is revealed below, the framing of the national financing policies may involuntarily lead to tracking the Roma children into certain schools, where - in lack of a variety of teaching materials, refined testing and a clear system of rewarding the teacher's performance - quality education becomes a hard-to-reach target. The contextuality of the bad label of a "Gypsy school" is also relevant in this research as it is either a resource, or a stigma depending of the situation.

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Albansko-jugoslovenski odnosi (1945-1948) i njihovo predstavljanje u albanskim udžbenicima za osnovnu i srednju školu

Author(s): Esilda Luku / Language(s): Serbian Publication Year: 0

This paper aims to analyze the economic and political relations between Albania and Yugoslavia after the Second World War and their presentation on primary and secondary school history textbooks, by offering comparative approach of the way Albanian-Yugoslav relations are treated by different schools of historiography. On July 9, 1946 the Treaty of Friendship, Cooperation and Mutual Assistance was signed between the Albanian Prime Minister, Enver Hoxha and the Foreign Minister of Yugoslavia, Stanoje Simic. According to it, the two countries would take the necessary measures to ensure their independence and territorial integrity in case of aggression. They engaged to collaborate for the protection of international peace and security in conformity with the principles of the United Nations and confirmed their friendship by furthering the economic and cultural cooperation. The textbooks authors described the bilateral relationship as a result of the political intentions of Beograd to turn Albania into the seventh republic of Yugoslavia. It was perceived as “the other” in regard to Yugoslav efforts to exploit the weakness of the Albanian state and the risk of domination by a foreign power, claiming to represent it diplomatically. The inclusion of Albania in the Yugoslav Federation was argued in favor of solving the difficult problem of ethnic Albanians in the Yugoslavian state. Tito insisted on the impossibility to recognize the rights of Kosovo to self-determination because of the strengthening of Serb reaction. Due to the Yugoslav pressure, the Albanian leadership under the direction of Enver Hoxha was declared against the unification of Kosovo and Albania. History schoolbooks of both socialist and post-socialist period described the deterioration of the bilateral relations when the Albanian delegation headed by Enver Hoxha and the Soviet government ended an agreement in Moscow for the development of agriculture and industry and Albania received a Soviet loan. The Yugoslav leadership accused the Central Committee of the Albanian Communist Party of the anti-Yugoslav position, putting under pressure the government of Tirana. But it was the information about the Soviet Union Central Committee’s letters, criticizing the Yugoslav leadership for its domestic and foreign policy in deviation from the Marxist principles that helped the Albanian government deal with the pressure of Yugoslav authorities. It adopted unanimously the resolution of the Information Bureau of the Communist Parties, which broke off the Yugoslav-Albanian diplomatic relations in 1948 and shifted to the pro-Soviet orientation of the Albanian government.

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RUGĂCIUNEA LA PREADOLESCENŢII ŞI ADOLESCENŢII FORMAŢI ÎNTR-UN MEDIU TEOLOGIC. STUDIU DE CAZ

Author(s): Monica Opriş,Dorin Opriş / Language(s): Romanian Publication Year: 0

The article includes the main results of a research that used the questionnaire-based survey as a method of collecting data from students aged 13-19 years, from the Orthodox Theological Seminary "Saint Simion Stefan" in Alba Iulia. The research did not include students from high school classes with a theological vocational profile and benefited from 237 responses to the questionnaire administered online. The analysis of the data shows that education in a theological environment trains students including aspects related to the pedagogy of prayer. Also, the data of our research show that through an education that values the role of personal prayer and of common prayer in the church, the differences according to gender in relation to prayer (motivations, states of mind that generate it, effects over time) decrease considerably. At the same time, the data show that girls pray more than boys, have a greater capacity to show gratitude to God for the help received, and feel the peace of mind that personal prayer provides to a greater extent than they do.

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INNOVATION IN EDUCATION

Author(s): Anamaria Popescu / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The innovation process is a complex activity of creating, developing, using and disseminating modern or modernized innovations (theories, methods, technologies, etc.). This is the process of transforming scientific knowledge into innovation, the process of constantly transforming an idea into a product, technology or service. The goal of the innovative processes is the development of the school as a pedagogical system and special social organization, the achievement of qualitatively new higher educational results and the increase of the competitiveness of educational institutions. This process is motivated, intentional, conscious, aiming to transfer the education system to a new qualitative state, in a way of development. This article addresses the issue of innovation in education, which is a superior, primary product of pedagogical creativity, validated by its originality and confirmed relevance at the social level, at the scale of the educational system and process. The article carries out an analytical review of the field of educational innovation. The situation of innovation in the education system is evaluated, how much it means reform of the system and how much innovation, but also how innovation can be stimulated in the education system. Innovation in education encourages teachers and learners to explore, research and apply all tools to discover something new. Innovation is an essential component for many economic, social and technical fields, and education is no exception to this.

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The International Conference "Education in the Perspective of Values" 2022 - BOOK OF ABSTRACTS

Author(s): / Language(s): English

This volume includes the summaries of the articles presented at Conference Education in the Perspective of Values, 2022. Within the conference, an important space was allocated to the presentation of research that brought new data on topics of general pedagogy, psychology of Education, didactics, including the design and implementation of didactic activities carried out online. The research presented this year represented scientific fields such as: educational sciences, psychology, theology, philology, philosophy, history, sociology, engineering, music and mathematics, as well as a number of interdisciplinary fields.

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The International Conference "Education in the Perspective of Values" 2023 - BOOK OF ABSTRACTS

Author(s): / Language(s): English

This volume includes the summaries of the articles presented at Conference Education in the Perspective of Values, 2023. Within the conference, an important space was allocated to the presentation of research that brought new data on topics of general pedagogy, psychology of Education, didactics, including the design and implementation of didactic activities carried out online. The research presented this year represented scientific fields such as: educational sciences, psychology, theology, philology, philosophy, history, sociology, engineering, computer science, arts, music and mathematics, as well as a number of interdisciplinary fields.

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Сравнителен анализ на публичните разходи за предучилищно и начално училищно образование в страните от Европейския съюз

Author(s): Velichka Nikolova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

Investing in education by the government can be seen as a key factor in the prosperity of both the individual and society as a whole. In this regard, in the process of gaining knowledge, it is essential to lay the foundations, which is achieved through education in the early childhood. To this end, the present report focuses on public expenditure on pre-primary and primary education which has been compared across the European Union member states.

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SCHOOL INCLUSION FOR CHILDREN WITH DOWN SYNDROME UNDER THE PRINCIPLE OF SUPPORT SERVICES PROVISION

Author(s): Nadejda Butnari / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The analysis of the current situation in the field of inclusive education in the Republic of Moldova reveals that the National Education System faces the problem of insufficient teacher and support teacher training in designing customized assistance for children with Down syndrome. In this context, the research aim lies in establishing strategies to make school inclusion of children with Down syndrome more efficient in terms of the principle of providing support services. The proposed strategies comprise a related set of activities, exercises, and games, designed by areas of development of children with Down syndrome, namely comprising the physical, language and communication, cognitive, social-emotional, and adaptive behaviour categories. These strategies prefigure a logical and individualised methodological framework for the school inclusion of children with Down syndrome through the principle of support services provision.

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ABORDAREA TEXTELOR LITERARE LA LECȚIILE DE LIMBA ȘI LITERATURA ROMÂNĂ ÎN CORELARE CU ARTA PLASTICĂ, PREMISĂ A DEZVOLTĂRII IMAGINAȚIEI ȘI CREATIVITĂȚII ELEVILOR DE VÂRSTĂ ȘCOLARĂ MICĂ

Author(s): Marinel Negru / Language(s): Romanian Publication Year: 0

Traditional ways of approaching the literary text tend not to identify and explore the deep resources of imagination and creativity that each pupils possesses. Integrated contents through literature and visual arts should inspire pupils to explore and develop these hidden resources, giving them the opportunity to evolve and contribute to society in unique ways. Reading fairy tales, for example, takes pupils to fantastic realms, offers them the opportunity to meet different characters, portrayed in different situations and colours, and introduces elements that can inspire their imagination when creating art work. The condition to transpose a literary work into an art work, a meaningful excerpt of the text should be selected and read, the elements that the art work is to be based on should be highlighted, and methods and procedures appropriate to the proposed content should be applied. The scientific problem considers the theoretical substantiation and methodological instrumentation of the pedagogical conditions necessary to ensure the efficient interaction between the methods and procedures applied during the processing of a literary work in correlation with visual arts oriented to developing the imagination and creativity of younger school age pupils. The aim of our paper is to design a conceptual model of interaction of methods applied in the classes of literary text processing in correlation with visual arts in the younger grades of elementary school in order to optimize the didactic act. This paper is very important from an interdisciplinary point of view, but also to highlight, trough images and words, the values of interculturality at the geographical area where the Romanian language and visual arts are learned in the pupil’s mother tongue.

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EDUCAȚIA RELIGIOASĂ ÎN BULGARIA DUPĂ 1990. PARTICULARITĂȚI ȘI PROVOCĂRI

Author(s): Andrian Aleksandrov / Language(s): Romanian Publication Year: 0

After 1990, Bulgaria entered a new era profoundly shaped by democratic and social changes. Until that point, the communist regime had suppressed religious education for nearly five decades, enforcing a system based on atheism. In this context, the reintegration of religious education encounters numerous challenges, including the pronounced secularization of society, the cultural legacy of atheism, and the absence of public consensus on the necessity of religious education. Although Bulgaria's legal framework supports religious freedom, religious education remains optional and is offered in a limited number of schools. The strained relationship between the Church and the State, coupled with the optional nature of the subject and the administrative difficulties faced by teachers of religion, adversely impacts the implementation of religious education. This article analyzes these issues and underscores the need for additional efforts to strengthen religious education, acknowledge religious identity, and integrate it into an increasingly diverse Bulgarian society.

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TEHNOLOGIA FORMĂRII MOTIVAȚIEI DE ÎNSUȘIRE A LIMBAJULUI LITERAR DE CĂTRE ELEVII CLASELOR PRIMARE

Author(s): Maria Pescaru,MARIANA BUZEA / Language(s): Romanian Publication Year: 0

For “a speak correctly the literary language”, the student must be able to organize a message (to demonstrate cognitive skills); to formulate a correct statement (to demonstrate language skills).. For “a write correctly the literary units”, the student must be able to organize and formulate the literary message (to demonstrate cognitive and linguistic skills); to write this context, to, literary text and expose it to modifications (to demonstrate motor skills). For “a listen to the blocks of assimilation of the literary language”, the student must be able to perceive the literary units (to demonstrate auditory skills); to identify the literary message (to demonstrate language skills); understand the literary message (demonstrate semantic skills); interpret the literary message (demonstrate cognitive skills). For “a read the literary language” correctly, the student must be able to perceive the written literary text (demonstrate visual skills); qualify the message (demonstrate language skills); to receive the literary message (to demonstrate semantic skills); to correctly interpret the literary message (to demonstrate cognitive skills).

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MĂSURĂTORI ANTROPOMETRICE LA ELEVII DE ȘCOALĂ GIMNAZIALĂ: CORELAŢII ÎNTRE STAREA DE SĂNĂTATE ȘI CREȘTEREA FIZICĂ

Author(s): Dan-Cristian Stoicescu,Virgil TUDOR,DANIEL CONSTANTINESCU / Language(s): Romanian Publication Year: 0

The aim of this research was to optimize physical education lessons at the middle school level by applying internationally used strategic sports games and to evaluate their effectiveness in developing physical fitness and promoting a healthy lifestyle. This topic was chosen to contribute to the optimization of physical education lessons at the middle school level, thereby improving the physical condition and fostering a healthy lifestyle among adolescents. A healthy lifestyle encompasses healthy behaviors exhibited by adolescents and adults, influenced by factors such as nutrition, physical exercise, sleep patterns, and psychological well-being. This experimental research was conducted in the middle schools of Baia and Jurilovca Anthropometric measurements were used as the primary tool to assess the level of physical development, providing data through direct measurement of body dimensions. These measurements allowed for the formulation and quantification of valuable conclusions. The following indicators were recorded: body weight, height, waist circumference, thoracic circumference (at rest, during deep inspiration/ expiration), upper limb circumference (forearm), and adiposity measurements (abdomen, neck, back, arms, thighs).

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EDUCAȚIA ÎNTRE TRADIȚIONAL ȘI NOILE TEHNOLOGII CU APLICABILITATE ÎN EDUCAȚIE. PROVOCĂRI ȘI POTENȚIALE RĂSPUNSURI

Author(s): CĂTĂLIN-ILIE MITRAN / Language(s): Romanian Publication Year: 0

Assuming, even absurdly, that we could witness a utopian scene, worthy of the most terrible sci-fi scenarios, of the arrival in time from the past of a famous intellectual or scientist from a bygone era, say the interwar period in the case of our country, a period recognized as one of the most intellectually and scientifically prolific in Romania history, what exactly do you think would happen to that person put in front of smart electronic devices like laptops, smart boards, wireless connections etc? That person would probably the feeling of being in a crazy world or living a nightmare from which he can’t seem to make up. You could probably think that he would be a total misfit. And yet the reality would be that, after a relative period of adaptation, that person will become a genius of our days. Why? The present paper attempts an answer to this questions.

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EMANCIPATION FOR AND FROM THE SOCIETY

Author(s): Milica Smajević Roljić,Olga Nikolić,Andrija Šoć,Aleksandar Ostojić,Sanja Petkovska / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Milica Smajević Roljić An Interpretation of the Educational Process from the Perspective of Kant’s Philosophy of History and Legal-Political Theory; Olga Nikolić - Emancipatory and Ideological Functions of Education; Andrija Šoć - Deliberative Education and Quality of Deliberation: Toward a Critical Dialogue and Resolving Deep Disagreements; Aleksandar Ostojić - Knowledge Versus Production: Michel Serres and Idiosyncratic Roads of Education; Sanja Petkovska - Decolonial Emancipation on the Postsocialist Peripheries and the Future of Critical Pedagogy

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Изграждане на критично мислене в подрастващите: предизвикателства за съвременната образователна среда

Author(s): Tsvetelina Burova Lozanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

In today‘s dynamic and digitalized world, fostering critical thinking in young people is one of the most essential tasks of the educational system. It is no longer enough for children to memorize facts – they need to understand, reason, and learn to evaluate the information they encounter. The educational environment, functioning as a microcosm of society, shapes not only knowledge but also attitudes, behaviors, and skills for dealing with real-life situations. It should become a space where students not only acquire knowledge but also learn to ask questions, search for meaning, and defend their positions. However, this requires a different approach, more flexible methods, and a clear vision for developing thinking individuals. Education, in this sense, is not only a tool for knowledge but also a resource for shaping independent people who can navigate the complexity of the modern world and take responsibility for their own choices.

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