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The paper deals with the notion of context and its typology. The author analyzes modern prints on T-shirts representing Vladimir Putin as the product conditioned by the current socio-political context. The article presents the linguistic and rhetorical methods as well as graphical representation of the image of the President of Russia in the phatic genre of public communication, which is print on clothes.
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We discuss the main issues connected with the functioning of the Russian language abroad. Language is considered as a multidimensional entity, this implies a multiplicity and complementarity of its social statuses and sociolinguistic functions. The special attention is drawn to the role of the Russian language in education and its possible ability to integrate some cultural and civilizational areas.
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The semiotic highlight of cultural translatability suggests the idea of its relative adequacy. It allows tо examinе the translatability as a kind of hierarchy between certain parameters, which should be applied to the translation analysis in terms of both lingua-cultural identity and cross-cultural dialogue.
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The paper discusses translation problems of legal language in the European Union. It highlights some of the terminological difficulties and focuses on the particularities of the Bulgarian language. Examples are taken from the Official Journal of the European Union that is the main source of EUR-Lex content, the database which provides access to European Law.
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The article searches the historiography roots in the writings of the famous Bulgarian and Russian scholar Marin Drinov (1838–1906). It traces in a retrospective manner the major influences on Drinov’s work – Sergey Solovyev, Osip Bodyansky, Pavel Shafarik, and Feodor Buslayev. The paper also inquires about the teachers of Drinov’s teachers – Nikolay Karamzin, Mikhail Pogodin, Wilhelm Humboldt, Jacob Grimm, and others. The most important phenomena of the historical and linguistic writings of the late 18th and the 19th centuries are treated as well – romanticism, positivism, historicism, German philology, Slavic philology, mythological school, genetic approach, comparative and historical methods in philology, etc. The conclusion outlines the scholarly place of Drinov as a member of a chain of outstanding thinkers, remarkably characteristic for the vast span and the grand magnitude of their research and academic activities.
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The aim of the article is to answer the question concerning grammatical gender and language equivalency in translation. There are various established ways of expressing gender variety in the German language, and even examples of experiments with gender-neutral or non-gender forms. In the Russian language, however, masculine forms are most frequent. In the Polish language one may observe a discussion on the possibility of creating feminine forms, which could replace the masculine ones. The author considers the tendency to use neutral or non-gender noun forms development in the German language and compares them to Polish and Russian. Since the usage of nouns naming persons is usually socially and culturally determined, the author tries to show how translation studies and practice can benefit from such an approach.
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The article considers the results of the comparative research of the Belarusian and Lithuanian terminographies according to a number of criteria. The advantages and drawbacks of each of the mentioned terminographies are analyzed. The necessity to introduce the amendments into modern Belarusian terminographic practice has been substantiated.
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Film translation is a type of literary translation. This paper observes the main difficulties that can appear while subtitling. The observed difficulties are illustrated with examples from the translations into Russian of some modern Bulgarian films shot in the period 2010-2015. Special attention is paid to the difficulties that are caused by the specifics of Bulgarian informal speech.
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Our aim is to study phraseological units that have numbers in their construction. The material was collected from phraseological dictionaries of Russian and Serbian languages. In both languages, phraseological units with sacred numbers appear frequently in speech and writing, for example: Rus. книга за семью печатями – Srb. књига за седам печата [a closed book, literally “a book with seven seals”]; Rus. за семью запорами – Srb. иза седамбрава/катанаца [under lock and key, literally “well guarded”]; Rus. семь смертных грехов –Srb. седам смртних греха [capital sins, literally “seven deadly sins”]; Rus. за тридевятьземель – Srb. преко седам/девет брда/планина [at (to) the other end of the world, literally“very far away”]; Rus. чувствовать себя на седьмом небе – Srb. бити наседмом/деветом/десетом небу [(be) in seventh heaven, literally “(to be, feel) boundlessly happy”]; Rus. в трех шагах от кого, от чего – Srb. два три корака [within a stoneʼs throw of, literally “ very close (to s.o. or sth.), very near”]. Phraseological units with numeric components are regarded as a descriptive meta-language. This analysis can provide an insight into relationships between culture and language.
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This article presents eighteen glosses and emendations borrowed from Turkic dialects into the Slavonic-Russian Pentateuch edited according to the Hebrew Masoretic Text (in manuscripts from the 15th–16th centuries). The first group of these words – including proper names – has Arabic or Persian origins; they came into East Slavonic with obvious Turkic mediation (Skandryja ‘Alexandria’, Bagadad ‘Baghdad’, Misurʹ ‘Egypt’, Šam ‘Damascus’, Isup ‘Joseph’, sturlabʹ ‘astrolabe’, soltan ‘sultan’, olmas ‘diamond’, ambar ‘ambergris’, and brynec ‘rice’). The second group is proper Turkic: saigak ‘saiga antelope’, ošak ‘donkey’, katyrʹ ‘mule’, kirpič ‘brick’, talmač ‘interpreter’, čalma ‘turban’, and saranča ‘locust’. The author agrees with the hypothesis that this glossing/emendation was made for the East Slavonic Judaizers. Furthermore, the author suggests that there was participation of a group of merchants interested in a new and mysterious knowledge promulgated by learned rabbis.
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The interwar period was crucial for the development of Polish–Ukrainian relations in the following decades. Political commentaries, studies in linguistics, social sciences, and legislative acts from this period reflect the changes of Polish attitudes towards the Ukrainian minority. In the late 1920s and 1930s, the traditional and exonymic terminology Rusin and ruski was gradually replaced by the new forms Ukrainiec and ukraiński.
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The author of the paper gives a sociolinguistic and lexicographic description of a rare group of Slavonic indeclinable adjectives of oriental origin, which have the meaning of colour.
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The Hungarian word darázs ‘wasp’ has no acknowledged etymology in the current dictionaries. In this paper, a Slavic etymology is suggested for the Hungarian word from the verb *dražiti ‘to irritate, to provoke’.
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In this paper the authors present dictionary definitions of the notion work, then they analyse the results of questionnaire materials. The questionnaire contained 16 questions, three of which concerned age, gender and educational level. The rest of the questions were as follows: 1. What does work mean to you? 2. What reaction does the word work trigger? 3. What attributes of the work do you know? 4. The aim of the work. 5. Why must we work? 6. What are the results of the work? 7. What work would you like to do? 8. What is the attitude of the society to work? 9. Why does the society consider work as a value? 10. What is your opinion about unemployment? 11. What is the ideal work? 12. Name the synonyms of the word work. 13. What songs, proverbs, idiomatic expressions, etc. do you know in connection with work? This paper does not contain the results of the last two questions.
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Review of: 1. NYOMÁRKAY István: Rövid horvát és szerb nyelvtörténet [Brève histoire des langues croate et serbe]. Budapest, ELTE BTK Szláv Filológiai Tanszék, 2007. 292 p. by: Sándor Albert 2. KOCSIS Mihály: Tizenhatodik századi ukrán egyházi kézirataink és helyesírásuk [Ukrainische kirchliche Handschriften aus dem 16. Jh. in Ungarn und ihre Orthographie]. (Bibliotheca Slavica Savariensis X.) Szombathely, 2008. 325 p. by: Michael Moser 3. МИКЛАС Хайнц, ТАСЕВА Лора, ЙОВЧЕВА Мария: Берлински сборник. Среднобългарски книжовен паметник от началото на XIV век с допълнения от други ръкописи. София: Кирило-Методиевски научен център, Виена: Издателство на Австрийската академия на науките, 2006. 456 с. by: Михай Кочиш 4. CLEMINSON Ralph, MOUSSAKOVA Elissaveta, VOUTOVA Nina (ed.): Catalogue of the Slavonic Cyrillic Manuscripts of the National Széchényi Library. (CEU Medievalia 9.) Budapest: CEU Department of Medieval Studies & CEU Press & National Széchényi Library, 2006. XL+288 pp. by: Михай Кочиш 5. Studia Hungaro-Bulgarica. Tomus I. Szeged–Sumen, 2007. 274 p. by: Miklós Halmágyi, Julianna M. Pandur 6. УДВАРІ Іштван: Зберька жерел про студії русинського писемства IIІ. Гіадор Стрипськый, народописник, бібліоґраф, языкознатель, товмач. – UDVARI István: Szöveggyűjtemény a ruszin írásbeliség tanulmányozásához III. Sztripszky Hiador, néprajztudós, bibliográfus, nyelvész, műfordító. (Studia Ukrainica et Rusinica Nyíregyháziensia 21.) Nyíregyháza, 2007. 257 p. by: Михай Капраль 7. KISS SZEMÁN Róbert: Magyarország panaszától Szlávia panaszáig. Irodalmi tanulmányok [Von der Klage Ungarns bis zur Klage Slawiens. Literarische Studien]. (Opera Slavica Budapestinensia, Litterae Slavicae.) Budapest: ELTE BTK Szláv Filológiai Tanszék, 2007. 224 p. by: István Fried 8. АТАНАСОВА-СОКОЛОВА Дениз: Письмо как факт русской культуры ХVIII– XIX веков. (Серия Investigationes Russicae.) Budapest, 2006. 271 с. by: Ágnes Dukkon
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The author gives a review of the Hungarian studies of the past decades in the field of naming and function of colours in different Slavonic languages. He describes the monographs and papers that were written about the colour topic by specialists in Slavonic philology from Budapest, Szombathely, Szeged, Nyíregyháza, and other Hungarian centres of Slavonic studies. He also gives a review of the scientific papers written by Hungarian specialists in Slavonic philology in co-authorship with those from other countries.
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According to etymological dictionaries of Slavic languages, as well as recently issued ones, there should not be any words of sound symbolic origin in these languages or their amount should be very small. This fact, however, contradicts the typological assumption of primitiveness and universality of phonetically motivated words. The present paper discusses two main points of the etymological analysis of words of sound symbolic origin: how to recognize them and how to define the groups of cognates between them in Slavic languages. In the recognition of sound-symbolic words, the reduplication should be considered as a most reliable criterion.In discussing the possibilities of defining the groups of cognates between words of sound- symbolic origin the following points are emphasized. The continuants of the different sound- symbolic origin in the different languages and dialects can have the same or similar phonetic forms and convey the same meaning, too. Since the similar reduplicated forms can be created as sound symbolic denominations of different meanings, blending of sound-symbolic groups of cognates is possible during the evolution. There exist parallel forms with full and partial re-duplication, which convey the same meaning of sound-symbolic origin. This fact supports the hypothesis according to which partial reduplication is historically simply a reduction of full reduplication.
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