„Névtelen mártír.” Hadházy Iván harca egy gyilkos rendszerrel

Author(s): János Hermán M. / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 2/2017

Iván Hadházy was born in Beszterce in 1947 and died painfully young in 1982. He studied Theology in Cluj/Kolozsvár. After graduation he served as a Unitarian minister for a short while, then taught in village schools and worked in the Archives of the Roman Catholic Church. He suffered years of unemployment as nobody dared to offer him a job due to his critical approach to the regime. In his own church, was his greatest support Professor János Erdő, who also preached at his funeral. Rumours told that his death was an “accident” arranged by the Securitate. Without the support of his mother and sister, Iván would have perished both physically and spiritually. These two wonderful women encouraged him in his writing when he called for religious tolerance and the freedom of churches. In his letters, he stood up for the national and cultural rights of the Saxon and Hungarian people and warned against the suppression of minority groups. He tried to air his views by sending his writings to Sándor Huszár and to forums where he thought people would listen.

„Nie będziesz brał imienia Pana Boga twego nadaremno”. Aktualność Dekalogu

Author(s): Wiesław Łużyński / Language(s): Polish Issue: 42/2018

The name “I am who I am” expresses the essence of God. In a biblical sense, it signifies God who is with His people. In a philosophical sense, it denotes the fullness of existence. In the Old Testament the name is revealed to Moses, whereas in the New Testament, the revelation of the name of God is Jesus – Yeshua: “Yahweh is salvation”. Jesus uses the revelational formula “I am” identifying with His Father and indicating His messianic mission. God’s name is revealed in The Lord’s Prayer, in which God is described as the Father, and in which also one of the supplications is a request for the name of God to be revered. The second commandment commands respect for God’s name and for the whole sacred reality. It forbids using the name in vain, in particular by taking a false oath or by swearing. The name of God should be called on with the highest respect in prayer, with prudence and justice.

„Nie chcę, aby płodzili oni synów i córki” – średniowieczny dualizm a prokreacja

Author(s): Adam Krawiec / Language(s): Polish Issue: 06/2014

The text discusses the phenomenon of abstaining from having progeny in the Middle Ages in the broader context of the attitudes of that time towards procreation. It points to the overwhelming dominance of pronatalist attitudes in society, which are supported by the Catholic Church. It also points out that the choice to abstain from having children almost never constituted a value in itself, but was mostly either forced upon people by external factors, or was a manifestation of practicing the virtue of chastity. Presented are a spectrum of views of adherents to dualistic religious, esp. the Cathars, whose rejection of procreation was a spontaneous and ideologically conditioned value.

„Nie dawajcie miejsca diabłu!” (Ef 4,27) Walka duchowa w ascetycznym doświadczeniu pierwszych mnichów ruskich na podstawie Pateryka Kijowsko-Pieczerskiego

Author(s): Irena Saszko / Language(s): Polish Issue: 19/2017

The Kiev-Pechersk Patericon is a monument of literature of Kievan Rus’. This is a collection of hagiographical tales relating to the holy elders of Kiev-Pechersk Monastery (founded in the 11th century). The central theme of the Patericon is a constant spiritual battle aimed at the acquiring and preserving the sanctity of life, understood as a communion (Gr. koinonia) with God. The article is a thorough analysis of demonology of the Kiev-Pechersk Patericon. There were described in it different kinds of ways of fighting with demonic temptations and attacks of evil spirits, as well as important elements of the hesychastic method, that had been used by Kievan holy elders in their spiritual life.

„NIE MOŻNA ZDRADZIĆ EWANGELII. ROZMOWY Z ABP. IGNACYM TOKARCZUKIEM”. ROZMAWIAŁ, WSTĘPEM I PRZYPISAMI OPATRZYŁ MARIUSZ KRZYSZTOFIŃSKI, RZESZÓW-KRAKÓW 2012, S. 136 + 40 WKŁ. ZDJ., ISBN 978-83-7629-348-6

Author(s): Marcin Nabożny / Language(s): Polish Issue: 18-20/2013

„Nie pozwolisz żyć czarownicy” (Wj 22,17). W poszukiwaniu właściwego zrozumienia jednego ze starotestamentalnych praw

Author(s): Janusz Lemański / Language(s): Polish Issue: 26/2019

In the past, the legal article from Ex 22,17 served as a scripturistic argument justifying the “witch-hunt”. Its correct interpretation, despite its length, is not so easy. The review of the opinions on this topic shows its complexity. The article shows the biblical law against other ancient ones. The comparison suggests that the fears of harmful spells were current in all cultures of ancient Israel. The biblical texts with the kšp core used in Ex 22,17 also show a large scale of practicing the spells and the constant, negative attitude to them. The law from Exodus 22,17 may be a remnant of the former local “witch complex”, the sign of fear of the effects of evil magic. It could originally refer to a specific form of spells cultivated by women. Since it was placed in the Covenant Code, it has become national turned into a part of the struggle for the purity of Jahvism. However, there is no certainty whether the presented sanction means the death penalty, a kind of excommunication, banishment or some unspecified type of punishment which allow to take a temporal action depending on the situation and the scale of the threat.

„Nie wierzę teologom”

Author(s): Karol Toeplitz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 10/2016

The purpose of this article is to make the faithful aware that the Old and New Testaments are not free from contradictions resulting both from within as well as from ancient languages and also from multitude of interpretations of various Christian theologies and, finally, from a large number of known variants of the Bible's core text.If the Holy Scriptures are verbally inspired then contradictions contained in them may not be incidental, but they constitute their immanent part while the Christians’ task is to resolve them individually. Therefore, removal of the contradictions, unless they result from obvious translation errors, becomes unnecessary, and they, as such, should support faith in seeking comprehension and deepen it.

„Niemowność” – czyli początek życia człowieka. Opieka nad niemowlęciem i małym dzieckiem w Polsce w czasach nowożytnych

Author(s): Dorota Żołądź-Strzelczyk / Language(s): Polish Issue: 28/2011

Ludzie od wielu wieków mieli świadomość, że pierwszy okres życia człowieka – niemowlęctwo – to czas, w którym dziecku poświęcać należy wiele troski. Stosowano więc wiele zabiegów (uzasadnianych względami zdrowotnymi i higienicznymi, ale także magicznymi i religijnymi), które zapewnić miały nowo narodzonemu odpowiednie warunki rozwoju. W źródłach mówi się zwłaszcza o powijaniu, karmieniu i kąpieli. W źródłach pisanych i ikonografii pojawia się także kołyska jako miejsce spoczynku i narzędzie troski. Uzupełnieniem źródeł pisanych dotyczących omawianego tematu są zabytki ikonograficzne. Niestety, nawet żmudne poszukiwanie nie zawsze przynoszą oczekiwane efekty w postaci konkretnych przykładów ukazujących początki życia człowieka.

„Niewiastę dzielną kto znajdzie?” (Prz 31,10). Rola kobiet w historii zbawienia (red. A. Kubiś – K. Napora) (Analecta Biblica Lublinensia 14; Lublin: Wydawnictwo KUL 2016). Ss. 505. PLN 39,06. ISBN 978-83-8061-291-4

Author(s): Mariusz Rosik / Language(s): Polish Issue: 33/2018

Review of: Mariusz Rosik ̶ "A brave woman who will find it?" (Prz 31.10). The role of women in the history of salvation (red. A. Kubiś - K. Napora) (Analecta Biblica Lublinensia 14, Lublin: KUL Publisher 2016). Ss. 505. PLN 39.06. ISBN 978-83-8061-291-4

„Nikt nie chce być w sferze nieistnienia”. Lesbijki, wieś i Kościół

Author(s): Ewa Furgał,Natalia Sarata,Justyna Struzik / Language(s): Polish Issue: 748/2017

„Noc ciemna” drogą mądrości krzyża

Author(s): Paweł Warchoł / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2016

For a Christian, the “dark night of the soul” means the acceptance of suffering and the cross which leads to a greater union with God. To reach this goal, one must control their senses, overcome their passions and egotistical tendencies. Thanks to this effort and above else to the work of God’s grace, the disciple of Jesus partakes in the life of the Holy Trinity in a union of mutual self giving. This is how St. John of the Cross understood it. The wisdom of the Cross marks the beginning, way and goal of the soul. He was the spiritual mentor and guide to both St. Teresa Benedict of the Cross and St. John Paul II.

„Nowe nowe media” a katecheza Kościoła

Author(s): Jarosław Czerkawski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 11/2016

Contemporary world uses mass media at an unprecedented scale. Every culture and every society is pervaded by a media reality. In many people the media form a picture of the world that is different from the real one. Loosening the communal ties between people is a serious threat posed by the media. A man rooted in the virtual world does not have a sense of community as well as of life for and in a community. Building the sense of community is one of the important tasks that the Church is facing. Talking about the media the Church does not point to their negative image, but it recommends that the people managing the media should use moral criteria referring to another man, for his good. Undoubtedly the Church’s catechesis is facing a serious task, that is building a sense of community in a man who, using the media, makes his presence in the community less obvious. The media world, especially the world of the electronic media, constitutes a great space for evangelization and catechization that can be used by the Church.

„Nowe” problemy wychowawcze w dobie „nowych” mediów

Author(s): Arkadiusz Olczyk / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2012

The aim of the classical pedagogy used to be the moulding in a person the virtues and moral values useful in the honest life. Postmodernism led to many cultural changes as well as the whole concept of education. Postmodernist education gave priority to the promotion of freedom, the rejection of absolute and moral values. It should be up to a person to decide what is true and what is false, what is good and what is evil. This concept of education is quite dangerous for the development of “new media”. Nowadays, the main educator for a large number of children and teenagers became the Internet. Besides all the advantages, there are various traps which await them online. For more than half a milliard people in the world, out of that more than 8 million in Poland, the modern “god” is Facebook, founded by Mark Zuckerberg in 2004. Lot of children and young people spend hours in virtual network. They are everyday household members of Facebook, Twitter, MySpace, YouTube, Communicators and blogs as well as the slaves of computer games. The computer network addicts and leaves sometimes dramatic marks in their lives. For many of them the Internet became an addiction which already requires treatment and therapy. Lot of them live in a permanent daze what results in social isolation, loneliness, growing aggression and falling into pornography and satanism. The children and young people become unaware victims of the virtual-reality matrix. It is more and more difficult for them to find themselves in the real world. They need help and support. They need therefore, wise educators and appropriate upbringing which will help them to distinguish good from evil and choose the GOOD.

„O, Polsko, idź w imię Boga”. Trzy pieśni Ottona Mieczysława Żukowskiego jako wyraz miłości do kraju ojczystego

Author(s): Robert Kaczorowski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 42/2018

In this article the author discusses three songs concerned with patriotic matters, to which music was composed by Otton Mieczysław Żukowski (1867– 1942). They include the following songs: Marsz Sokołów polskich na Bukowinie [The March of the Polish Falcons on Bukowina] to the lyrics of Klemens Kołakowski (1856–1908) and two songs to lyrics both written by Fr. Józef Janiszewski (1880–1940): Naprzód, Narodzie! [Forward, Nation! ] and Pieśń o orle białym [Song of the White Eagle].The discussed songs, on their semantic as well as musical level (written in the form of a march), are on the one hand a testimony to the conscious attitude of the authors towards their homeland, while on the other they are a call to Poles of all generations to a constant concern for independent Poland.

„Oczyszczenie pamięci” a nowy humanizm w myśli Jana Pawła II

Author(s): Roman Kuligowski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2006

In der Dissertation „Gedächtnisreinigung” und der neue Humanismus im Sinne Johannes Paulus II. wird ein im Titel signalisierter Problem besprochen.Der Humanismus, der dem Menschen mehr Menschen zu werden hilft, wird zur Basis für die Be-gegnung aller Menschen guten Willens, der verschiedenen Religionen, Traditionen und Kulturen.Die Aufnahme des Dialogs mit verschiedenen Partnern überzeugt, dass die Kirche offen und bereit ist mit allen Menschen guten Willens mitzuwirken; überzeugt aber auch davon, dass es wahrhaftige Schwierigkeiten gibt, die die Menschen teilen. Die Geschichte der gegenseitigen Kontakte zwischen den Menschen der verschiedenen Religionen und Kulturen kennt beidersei-tige Fehler und Unrecht. Der authentische Dialog, der seine Quelle im christlichen Glauben findet, fordert die Handreichung und die Bitte um Verzeihung. Johannes Paul II. hat die nicht für alle verständliche „Gedächtnisreinigung”, die Anerkennung der Schuld von den Söhnen und Töchtern der Kirche vollzogen und Gott um Verzeihung des Unrechts gebeten. Der Humanis-mus fordert, dass der Mensch immer aufs Neue ein Mensch wird.

„Oczyszczenie pamięci” jako wyraz teologii pojednania. Uwagi do wspólnego dokumentu EKD i DBK Erinnerung heilen – Jesus Christus bezeugen (2016)

Author(s): Grzegorz Chojnacki / Language(s): English,Polish Issue: 17/2017

The 500th anniversary of reformation is an opportunity for further consideration of the issue of reconciliation between Christian Churches and sketching of new perspectives in the ecumenical dialogue. In a joint document, the Catholic and Evangelical Churches in Germany try to describe the history of division using the phenomenon of Remembrance Culture, where the most significant thing is the process of objective memory healing together with subjective experiencing of such healing. All this is supposed to lead to reconciliation between the Churches as regards faith and morality so that it is possible to give a more credible testimony of Christ. Memory healing, beginning from the analysis of differences in perception of the essence of Eucharist and the hierarchical structure of the Church, is supposed to help in better recognition of fundamental issues such as faith and works, freedom and authority, unity and diversity.

„Odnowienie wszystkiego” według Dziejów Apostolskich (Dz 3,21a)

Author(s): Andrzej Posadzy / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2016

In the tradition of interpretive book of Acts term apokatastasis caused a centuriesold controversy. The discussion relates primarily to a proper understanding of the concept. Luke’s statement suggests that Jesus is to remain in the sky for some time, “until the time when everything will be renewed” (Acts 3:21). It seems that the Evangelist says at this point the doctrine of universal salvation of all without exception, and the idea of returning to the original source of all things, to God. The article is an attempt to find the source from which Luke took the idea apocatastasis. There is no doubt that it was borrowed by the author. As a source of reference is the entire legacy of apocalyptic literature of the Old Testament, as well as other writings of Jewish literature. Such works as the fourth Ezra, the Syrian Apocalypse of Baruch or Ethiopian Book of Enoch evoke in its content topics similar to the concept of apocatastasis. It seems, however, that the nearest in meaning is recognition of the Old Testament with the concept of the second coming of Elijah. For Luke, Jesus come from heaven to fulfill prophecy and the end of the whole history of salvation.

„Odpowiednia dla niego pomoc”? Kobieta w Rdz 1-2

Author(s): Krzysztof Napora / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2017

Two traditions depicting God’s creation act described in Gen 1-2, contain also two varying pictures of the creation of woman. Whereas the priestly creation narrative underlines the equality between man and woman both created „in the image of God”, the picture of woman in Gen 2 is presented sometime as representing „male point of view”, in which woman is subdued and inferior in relation to man. However, the close reading of the Bible, such an interpretation finds scarcely any support in the biblical text. Gen 1-2 seem to explicitly indicate the key-role of the woman, „suitable help for man” in the creation narrative.

„Omas koguduses truuiks jääda“: Tartu Saalemi koguduse ajaloost, 1919–1949

Author(s): Toivo Pilli / Language(s): Estonian Issue: 2 (75)/2019

This article, covering the years 1919–1949, focuses on the early development of Tartu Saalem church, a community which officially began in 1919 as a group of revivalist believers who found it hard to fit into the existing ecclesial landscape. In the 1930s, the church joined the Union of Estonian free revivalist believers, and in 1946, under Soviet pressures, merged with a local Pentecostal church, and joined the Union of Evangelical Christians-Baptists.The movement was from being a closed community towards careful cooperation with other churches, from authoritative leadership towards ways of collective decision making. However, strong leaders, such as Johannes Joonas and Paul Himma, played an important role all through the years under investigation. After 1946 the Saalem church entered a phase of relatively balanced spirituality, with a less emotional style of public prayer and a desire to be rooted in Biblical teaching. Using archive materials the author also gives an account of this free church’s relations with the state.

„Oto matka moja i moi bracia” – chrześcijańskie rozumienie rodziny

Author(s): Marek Ławreszuk / Language(s): Polish Issue: 18/2016

This article examines the Christian understanding of the family. In the context of the teachings of the Gospel performs a comparison of physical family, spiritual family - the community of faith and the human community.