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Ivan Stojković (ca. 1395-1443) was an extraordinary diplomat, multidisciplinary scientist .He was the first among catholic scholars who has written a tractate about the Church, an essay about ecumenical synods and a Biblical hermeneutics.
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In diesem Buch werden die kroatischen liberalen in Zagreb erscheinenden Blatter Saborske novine (1848), Slavenski Jug (1848-1850), Sudslawische Zeitung (1849-1852) und Jugoslavenske novine (1850) als moderne offentliche Medien mit sehr komplexer politischer und gesellschaftlicher Funktion dargestellt und zwar auf Grund komparativer Methode. Nach einer methodologischen und historiographischen Einleitung setzte die Autorin die genannten Blatter in raumlichen und zeitlichen Kontext und beschrieb die Umstande, in denen das Pressewesen in der Habsburgermonarchie vom Jahre 1848 bis zum 1852 wirkte, also in dem hier besprochenen Zeitraum.
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The use of metaphors for the state is closely related to the problem already expounded by Kant, namely that the state is beyond the organs of human perception, therefore, it can only be imagined symbolically. Indeed, as Michael Walzer plausibly stated, the state cannot be perceived physically by the subjects/citizens as it cannot be seen or touched: “The state is invisible; it must be personified before it can be seen, symbolized before it can be loved, imagined before it can be conceived.” Our everyday phrases used with regard to the state clearly confirm his statement. We routinely speak of the organs of the state, or the operation of the machinery of the state without being aware of the fact that in the first case the state is conceived as a living organism, while in the latter we treat it an artificial creature. This phenomenon is none other than the living imprint of those successive metaphors in our language which once were used to imagine the state in the medieval and the early modern period. The other main topic of the book is the survey on the historical development of the state, presenting the specific features of the successive phases of its development through examples taken mainly from the history of Western European countries. Besides concentrating on the classical monarchies of Western Europe, the survey lays a great emphasis on territories which are generally much less known, namely the Scandinavian region. One of the main reasons for its inclusion into the analysis is the fact that in the 17th -18th centuries Denmark was the country in Europe which can be labelled as the model of absolute monarchy.
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This book presents the two main Old-Bulgarian dualistic apocrypha dealing with the creation of this world, that is part of The Secret Book of Bogomils, and also a legend about the Antichrist and the end of the world.
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Eötvös Loránd University has taken a conference of two-days for the Centenary of the First World War in 2014 (8-9 May). This book contains the texts of this conference, 53 studies.
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“They want to be Romans...” The Bulgarians and the Orthodox Christian community in the Ottoman Empire deals with the history of the Orthodox Christian community in the Ottoman Empire in the pre-national period with a particular focus on the Bulgarians. The books consists of previously published articles in English and Bulgarian, which are translated and thoroughly adapted by the author so they can be read as chapters of a coherent monograph. After describing and analysing the Balkan “cultural union” (conceived after the model of the Balkan linguistic union), the Orthodox Christian community and (the uncompleted development of) a Balkan Orthodox Christian proto-nation, the author attempts to illustrate the explanatory force of this approach on the basis of a number of case studies: the “double yoke” and the Phanariotes, the Plovdiv ‘Gudilas’ (Graecized Bulgarians), the Ohrid Orthodox Christian community in the early 19th century, Grigor Părličev as a representative of the Orthodox Christian community.
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Although over seventy years have passed since the end of World War II, the issue of national socialism in the German Third Reich still remains the subject of scientific studies of a lot of scientists [...] and an enormous ideological challenge [...] in the process of the creation of culture fit for man as a spiritual and physical being, their natural and legal communities and – not infrequently – [...] fit for the personal Absolute. [...] A certain, maybe the shortest synthesis of the problems brought up in this thesis of the philosophy of law of the Third Reich was made – in cooperation with many Nazi scientists and politicians – by the minister of the Reich Hans Frank in the publication edited by him in 1937 Deutsches Verwaltungsrecht [...] where Justus Danckwerts states the following: “Therefore, it is the state and not the nation that stands at the beginning of analysis. The Führer is the representative of the nation. The nation acts through him. He is the highest war commander, politician, law maker, judge and administrator. Under no circumstances is he bound. Law stands above him which has been growing in the nation and has been tested in the fight of the most German members of the nation in the world of enemies and that is the reason why it is far stronger than any act of law and what is timeless. This law is the socialist national view of the world. It [meaning this view] created the deepest and the most certain foundation of the life order of the German nation. It is the fundamental law of the nation, the unwritten constitution which determines all desire and all activity, not only of the members of the German nation itself but of each person in general.” [...] It is here that, according to Rudolf Bechert, the seeming “necessity of socialism” has its reason for the systematic shaping and interpretation of law. From the Introduction
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Zdewastowana przestrzeń publiczna i miotająca się w niej – od chorobliwego neoliberalizmu do nacjonalistyczno-katolickich wizji represywnego państwa wyznaniowego – świadomość obywatelska oddziałują niszcząco na racjonalną komunikację społeczną i kreują swoisty magiczny realizm walki politycznej – nieczytelnej i paradoksalnej. Taki stan rzeczy jest szczególnie niebezpieczny dla lewej strony sceny politycznej. Prowadzi wręcz do jej nieobecności i przechwytywania treści politycznych tradycyjnie związanych z lewicą, przez skrajną prawicę. W tym też sensie odbudowa tradycyjnej, klasowo zorientowanej polityki lewicowej, mającej swoje piękne karty w historii Polski, leży nie tylko w interesie polskiej lewicy. Powinna nią być zainteresowana każda demokratycznie i realistycznie myśląca siła polityczna, zdająca sobie sprawę z tego, że zagrożenie faszyzującą skrajną prawicą nie skończyło się w historii Europy wraz z upadkiem Hitlera.Książka, którą przedstawiam, jest próbą zakreślenia pewnych fundamentalnych zasad teoretycznych rozumienia historii i okresu przejściowego od kapitalizmu do socjalizmu. Zawiera systematyczny wykład tych zagadnień z pozycji materializmu historycznego i w ramach szeroko rozumianej tradycji, odwołującej się do Kapitału Karola Marksa i Manifestu komunistycznego. W tym też znaczeniu jest próbą przybliżenia współczesnemu czytelnikowi tej tradycji, a jednocześnie realizacją zadania jej aktualizacji, a nawet eksperymentalnego, i czasem ryzykownego, wykorzystania do analizy różnych zagadnień postmodernistycznej rzeczywistości, swoistego matriksa dwudziestego pierwszego wieku.
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The year 2018 marks the 100th anniversary of regaining independence of Poland after 123 years of Partitions. Both, the importance of this occurrence and its symbolic purport can not be overestimated. It was a time of exultation and rebirth of national pride. But also, for still forming authorities and the whole nation, it was a time of countless challenges. Difficulties which had to be managed by reformers appeared in every area of life. Although Republic of Poland had risen from three distinct states with diametrically different economic, polical and legal realities, merging those varied parts into one state was still possible by dint of national identity, common culture and history. Sovereignty of the state, retrieved in 1918, was only the beginning of a long and intricate road of reforms which Poles had to go through for the next 20 years. Their goal was not only to retrive internal consistency of the reborn Republic but also to come into being internationally as a sovereign state. Those activities were accompanied on the one hand by the lack of experience or even the necessary knowledge and on the other by a rough, brutal political struggle which sometimes affected the direction of reforms and the rush of their introduction. As a result of such behavior, changes were proceeding with a currently inconceivable pace. However, in just two decades, the Republic of Poland not only was reborn as a state but it also managed to significantly develop and upgrow. We are handing over to you the publication in which we wanted to show how many problems had to be faced by then representatives of the authorities which took action to create uniform organizational structures and a common legal system for the regained state.
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Elsewhere, not in Moldova, Nikolai D. Russev would have been long ago recognized an outstanding contemporary, a kind of Jacques Le Goff from the Balkans, a kind of Nicolae Iorga from the Danube and Dniester, an active and cheerful chronicler, keeper and — in a certain sense — an eyewitness of the region’s five hundred years of history. The kind of history nobody else can tell here, unfortunately. The kind of history he is writing every day, having hardly anyone to tell it to. The historical activity is disappearing here. Storytellers are not wanted. No one is tempted by the lessons of the past. Mistakes are not learnt from, personalities are not respected. Moldova, this “borderland between worlds and times”, turns into an intellectual and human desert.
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The volume brings together 32 writings about books that shaped me, opened my horizon and enriched me spiritually.I tried to structure my texts according to some topics. The chapter entitled "Recent Histories" brings together presentations of books of history, Romanian philosophy, philosophy of culture, interwar history, Holocaust - topics I have dealt with mainly in recent years. "Beyond India" brings together severeal writings about the many books dedicated to India - its history, philosophy, religion and culture - or Orientalism, in general, which I have read since 2007, after meeting India, and more recently, after Cluj Center for Indian Studies was opened at Babes Bolyai University in Cluj Napoca. In the last part, "Parallel Stories" there are some writings about books that helped me to understand some certain aspects of the topics I approached as a researcher, but also some stories about distant and extraordinary worlds.
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Conspiracy theories concern important and sensitive spheres of social life which, at the same time, represent a source of group tensions (issues of the morale, religion, environment, natural disasters, wars, etc.), introducing in such tensions and uncertainty revelations of their alleged originators and visions of the assumed future consequences. The publication deals with conspiracy theories from several angles. The book chapters clarify the definitions of the terms, provide an overview of recent research, describe the historical and ideological contexts of conspiracy theories popular also in Slovakia, and offer examples of textual analyses of internet discussions. The research, which forms the basis of this work, has been conducted on a continuous basis since 2003. At that time, this topic was marginal in Slovakia, yet with an increasing need for scientific reflection. The purpose of the book is to present an overview of the scientific research conducted so far, using a language which is more comprehensible to readers outside the scientific community.
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The third volume of the extensive (ten-volume) monograph by Polish Slavic studies scholars (with contributions from scholars from a number of foreign research centres), made possible by an NCN OPUS grant (2014/13/B/HS2/01057). In terms of form, the monograph is a lexicon, the main body of which consists of entries/articles on the history of 27 selected ideas that anticipated and shaped the processes of modernization in the region: agrarianism, anarchism, capitalism, clericalization, confessions, conservatism, culture, education, enlightenment, evolution, history, homeland, humanism, liberalism, modernity, nation, politics, progress, rationalism, reformation, religion, revolution, schooling, secularization, socialism, tradition, and universalism. Their semantics, changeable as it was in response to local conditions, was investigated separately for each of the seven current states of the southern Slavdom: Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Montenegro, Macedonia, Serbia, and Slovenia. Volume 3 presents the three ideas – conservatism, liberalism and nation – that are at the foundations of the European political and cultural discourses of modernization and anti-modernization. The book contains many synthetically expressed, original, and source-based insights of scholars studying the southern Slavic cultures’ struggles with modernity.
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The fourth volume of the extensive (ten-volume) monograph by Polish Slavic studies scholars (with contributions from scholars from a number of foreign research centres), made possible by an NCN OPUS grant (2014/13/B/HS2/01057). In terms of form, the monograph is a lexicon, the main body of which consists of entries-articles on the history of 27 selected ideas that anticipated and shaped the processes of modernization in the region: agrarianism, anarchism, capitalism, clericalization, confessions, conservatism, culture, education, enlightenment, evolution, history, homeland, humanism, liberalism, modernity, nation, politics, progress, rationalism, reformation, religion, revolution, schooling, secularization, socialism, tradition, and universalism. Their semantics, changeable as it was in response to local conditions, was investigated separately for each of the seven current states of the southern Slavdom: Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia, and Slovenia. Volume 4 presents the three ideas – modernity, secularization, and progress – that are at the foundations of global political, cultural and even religious imagery. The book contains many synthetically expressed, original, and source-based insights on the southern Slavic cultures’ struggles with modernity.
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The fifth volume of the extensive (ten-volume) monograph by Polish Slavic studies scholars (with contributions from scholars from a number of foreign research centres), made possible by an NCN OPUS grant (2014/13/B/HS2/01057). In terms of form, the monograph is a lexicon, the main body of which consists of entries-articles on the history of 27 selected ideas that anticipated and shaped the processes of modernization in the region: agrariarism, anarchism, capitalism, clericalization, confessions, conservatism, culture, education, enlightenment, evolution, history, homeland, humanism, liberalism, modernity, nation, politics, progress, rationalism, reformation, religion, revolution, schooling, secularization, socialism, tradition, and universalism. Their semantics, changeable as it was in response to local conditions, was investigated separately for each of the seven current states of the southern Slavdom: Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia, and Slovenia. Volume 5 presents the three ideas – culture, schooling, and humanism – that are at the foundations of the European discourses of modernization and anti-modernization, of the European imaginary of the human intellectual condition as the key to the formation of societies. The book contains many synthetically expressed, original and source- -based insights on the southern Slavic cultures’ struggles with modernity
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The sixth volume of the extensive (ten-volume) monograph by Polish Slavic studies scholars (with contributions from scholars from a number of foreign research centres), made possible by an NCN OPUS grant (2014/13/B/HS2/01057). In terms of form, the monograph is a lexicon, the main body of which consists of entries-articles on the history of 27 selected ideas that anticipated and shaped the processes of modernization in the region: agrariarism, anarchism, capitalism, clericalization, confessions, conservatism, culture, education, enlightenment, evolution, history, homeland, humanism, liberalism, nation, modernity, politics, progress, rationalism, reformation, religion, revolution, schooling, secularization, socialism, tradition, and universalism. Their semantics, changeable as it was in response to local conditions, was investigated separately for each of the seven current states of the southern Slavdom: Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia, and Slovenia. Volume 6 presents the three ideas – education, tradition, universalism – that are at the foundations of the European discourses of modernization and anti-modernization, of the European imaginary of the human intellectual condition as the key to the formation of societies. The book contains many synthetically expressed, original and source-based insights on the southern Slavic cultures’ struggles with modernity.
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The seventh volume of the extensive (ten-volume) monograph by Polish Slavic studies scholars (with contributions from scholars from a number of foreign research centres), made possible by an NCN OPUS grant (2014/13/B/HS2/01057). In terms of form, the monograph is a lexicon, the main body of which consists of entries-articles on the history of 27 selected ideas that anticipated and shaped the processes of modernization in the region: agrariarism, anarchism, capitalism, clericalization, confessions, conservatism, culture, education, enlightenment, evolution, history, homeland, humanism, liberalism, modernity, nation, politics, progress, rationalism, reformation, religion, revolution, schooling, secularization, socialism, tradition, and universalism. Their semantics, change able as it was in response to local conditions, was investigated separately for each of the seven current states of the southern Slavdom: Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia, and Slovenia. Volume 7 presents the three ideas – clericalization, confessions, reformation – that are at the foundations of the European discourses of modernization and anti-modernization, and of the European imaginary of the human intellectual condition as the key to the formation of societies. The book contains many synthetically expressed, original and source-based insights on the southern Slavic cultures’ struggles with modernity.
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The ninth volume of the extensive (ten-volume) monograph by Polish Slavic studies scholars (with contributions from scholars from a number of foreign research centres), made possible by an NCN OPUS grant (2014/13/B/HS2/01057). In terms of form, the monograph is a lexicon, the main body of which consists of entries-articles on the history of 27 selected ideas that anticipated and shaped the processes of modernization in the region: agrarianism, anarchism, capitalism, clericalization, confessions, conservatism, culture, education, enlightenment, evolution, history, homeland, humanism, liberalism, modernity, nation, politics, progress, rationalism, reformation, religion, revolution, schooling, secularization, socialism, tradition, and universalism. Their semantics, change able as it was in response to local conditions, was investigated separately for each of the seven current states of the southern Slavdom: Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia, and Slovenia. Volume 9 presents the three ideas – agrarianism, anarchism, and socialism – that are at the foundations of the European discourses of modernization and anti-modernization, of the European imaginary of the human intellectual condition as the key to the formation of societies. The book contains many synthetically expressed, original and source-based insights on the southern Slavic cultures’ struggles with modernity.
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The tenth volume of the extensive (ten-volume) monograph by Polish Slavic studies scholars (with contributions from scholars from a number of foreign research centres), made possible by an NCN OPUS grant (2014/13/B/HS2/01057). In terms of form, the monograph is a lexicon, the main body of which consists of entries-articles on the history of 27 selected ideas that anticipated and shaped the processes of modernization in the region: agrarianism, anarchism, capitalism, clericalization, confessions, conservatism, culture, education, enlightenment, evolution, history, homeland, humanism, liberalism, modernity, nation, politics, progress, rationalism, reformation, religion, revolution, schooling, secularization, socialism, tradition, and universalism. Their semantics, changeable as it was in response to local conditions, was investigated separately for each of the seven current states of the southern Slavdom: Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia, and Slovenia. Volume 10 differs from the nine previous instalments of the Lexicon in the character and function of the studies it contains, termed “subordinate entries”. They supplement the “primary entries” (from Volumes 1 through 9) with the presentation and analysis of events and tendencies which were deemed worthy of exploration due to their multidirectional and multivalued functionalizations within collective imageries, but which – due to spatial limitations – did not fit in the main texts. The headwords of the 92 arbitrarily chosen subordinate entries belong to the heterogeneous order of common-sense thought characteristic of the studied cultures of the Slavic South; they are sui generis “sites of memory”, stored in the lapidaria of cultural consciousness. The variety of discourses and ways of talking about the world brought together in the volume illustrates the contingency associated with the production of local ideas about the so-called cultural universals of modernity.
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The book is an attempt to delineate the controversies over the conception of Christian philosophy, as practiced in Poland in the period of 1950–1989. The forum for the exchange of ideas – waged by the advocates of classical philosophy, championing the Aristotelian and Thomistic tradition, and the propagators of contemporary philosophy – was provided by widely available religious magazines: Tygodnik Powszechny, Znak, Życie i Myśl, Więź. Due to its journalistic tenor, the controversy proved a disappointment for philosophers; it has, however, turned out to be a significant phenomenon in the post-war intellectual history of Polish Catholicism. The author presents it within a theoretical and functional framework in an investigation carried out at the intersection of history of philosophy, intellectual history, and historical sociology.
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