Роль комунікаційних мереж і практик у консолідації суспільства: висновки для України

Author(s): Olga Zernetska / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 09+10/2016

Means of mass communication impact all the processes which take place in society, and in particular the process of consolidation. These impacts can be different and depend upon many factors. Among them are social media policies; policies of the owners of media resources; peculiarities of a certain continent or country or region; ethnic or racial situations; interest of political elites in reaching consolidation in the society they belong to. The article deals with the examples of the Northern American, Western European and African countries. The analyses based upon three case studies of one of the main American television network CBS; British public broadcaster BBC; and Kenyan Governmental and Communal Radio and Television has proved that media initiatives can have either positive or negative impact concerning consolidation according to the content provided to their listeners and viewers. The author has defined the role of mass media managers and journalists in this process and analysed principles of media policy used by commercial, governmental, communal and public service broadcasting. The results of the research make it possible to draw useful conclusions about the role of mass media, communication nets and communication practices for consolidation of the Ukrainian society, namely the concluding remark that Ukraine should develop its own public service broadcasting bearing in mind the experience of the leading public service broadcasters, especially BBC.

Book review

Author(s): Saša Babič / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2022

Wykorzystanie metody Kids’ Skill – Dam Radę! Bena Furmana w terapii dzieci z jąkaniem w wieku przedszkolnym i wczesnoszkolnym

Author(s): Maria Faściszewska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 10/2022

Maria Faściszewska’s aim in this article is to present a therapeutic program which involves the use of Ben Furman’s Kids’ Skills (2010) method in the therapy of pre- and early-school stuttering children. The method is based on the Solution-Focused Brief Therapy (SFBT), as well as the Ericksonian therapies, systemic and narrative (Furman, 2010). Currently, speech and language therapists are increasingly drawing on the Solution Focused Brief Therapy when working with individuals with a variety of communication disorders including stuttering (Fourlas, Ntourou, 2021; Kelman, Nicholas, 2020; Nicholas, 2015). When discussing the 15 steps of Ben Furman’s Kids’ Skills method and discussing the questions asked by a therapist and the techniques used, Faściszewska examines how this approach can be adapted to children who stutter. The key idea of Kids’ Skills method is that we can interpret a child’s problems in terms of their lack of certain skills which can be acquired. The aim of the method is to encourage and help the child to learn a new skill, while reinforcing the skills they already have, to help them overcome their difficulties. The program is firmly based on a cooperation with the child’s closest social circle: their parents, their siblings, and the school. The therapy for pre- and early-school age children who stutter should integrate cognitive, behavioral, and affective components. The program outlines how the Kids’ Skills method can be used in four key areas of working with a stuttering child. These areas are: 1. Being open about stuttering; 2. Using techniques/strategies to control stuttering; 3. Communicating effectively; 4. Understanding and dealing with feelings, reactions, and beliefs associated with stuttering. This method allows for a great deal of flexibility and adaptation to the needs of pre- and early-school stuttering children and their parents/carers. However, the therapist must have an adequate understanding of the Kids’ Skills method, of the difficulties that may occur, of the emotions experienced by stutterers and their families. Experience in using different therapeutic methods with stuttering children is also required.

The Commercialization of Patriotism

Author(s): Gergana Fyrkova / Language(s): English Issue: 5/2022

This paper addresses the issue of the commercialization of patriotism and its use in contemporary advertising as a factor to increase consumption. Patriotism and advertising have been going side by side since the beginning of mass media. Both are linked to the idea and practice of democratic persuasion, of communicating our views, values, and actions (products) as the best. This study compares patriotic marketing in America with patriotic marketing in the recent advertising campaigns of some well-known Bulgarian brands. Using these specific examples, we analyze the main features of the new marketing practices and campaigns in Bulgaria on the wave of patriotism.

Irony in fashion memes:

Author(s): Kristina Stankevičiūtė / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2022

The practice of fashion memes is a rather fresh exercise on the fashion scene, and it has been enjoyed by both the audiences and the brands. Fashion media have turned their attention to the phenomenon as well, addressing its scope, authorship and function from various angles. Scholarly research of the field is very scarce, though. The article seeks to contribute to the emerging field of fashion meme research by analysing a Lithuanian author of original fashion memes, a self-proclaimed fashion critic the Pink Poodle – an imaginary social media personality active on Facebook and Instagram platforms. The subjects of Pink Poodle memes are objects of media photographs from local and global public events (such as the Presidential Inauguration or an international cinema festival opening, Grammy Awards, Oscars) that demonstrate, from Poodle’s perspective, disagreements with fashion and/or aesthetics in general. The aim of the article is to reflect on the function of irony and sarcasm of the fashion meme as an instrument for fashion criticism, and the role of (visual) irony on the perception of fashion in the contemporary society. The text also addresses the role of independent fashion criticism that the practice of fashion meme creation seems to provide, and the function that this kind of intermediary between fashion and its audiences may perform.

The humour factor:

Author(s): Matilde Eiroa / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2022

This article analyses the social reaction to Francisco Franco’s exhumation from his burial place in the Valley of the Fallen at the end of 2019. This decision was taken by virtue of compliance with the so-called Historical Memory Law approved in 2007 and generated a great social debate. Apart from opinions in favour and against that decision coming from the political spectrum of the left and right, respectively, we observed a new attitude, that of humour, present in tweets and memes. By analyzing a collection of memes that circulated in Twitter and WhatsApp groups, our research shows that the new media have brought in content and symbolism that ridicule the late dictator, trivialise the treatment given to the “Caudillo” [Leader] of Spain for nearly four decades and contribute to an uninhibited interpretation of memory policies.

An intercultural pragmatic approach to English- Russian and English-German renditions of the formulaic That’s what she said-punchline in telecinematic discourse

Author(s): Monika Kirner-Ludwig,Aleksandra Soboleva / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2022

This paper takes an intercultural pragmatic approach to identifying and discussing rendition strategies of one specific punchline recurrent in scripted telecinematic discourse: That’s what she said. While this formulaic punchline demonstrates a relatively high salience in the US, particularly in oral and scripted genres, it issues more than one challenge to translators seeking to render it for other speech communities in a manner that acknowledges and retains the source pattern’s complexity as a discursively triggered and formulaic pragmatic idiom. We shall focus here on two specific target cultures, i.e. the Russian and the German, in demonstrating the challenges that this complex and linguistically as well as cognitively multi-faceted formula poses for its appropriation into either cultural sphere. Our study is based on a self-compiled parallel dataset of context-embedded source occurrences of That’s what she said and their renditions into German and Russian, thus offering immediately contrastive insights into the rendition strategies that translators have been employing to interculturally transfer this highly evasive idiomatic formula from one speech community to others.

Е. Добрева. Толерантност, нетолерантност и нулева толерантност в съвременния българския печат (критически лингвосемиотичен анализ)

Author(s): Yuliana Stoyanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2010

Review of: J. E. Dobreva. Tolerance, intolerance and zero tolerance in the modern Bulgarian press (critical linguistic semiotic analysis) Veliko Tarnovo, Faber, 2009. 390 p.

Социолингвистични промени при предаване на чужда реч в българския печат през последните две десетилетия в съпоставка с полския печат

Author(s): Russelina Nicolova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2009

The article offers a brief characterization of evidentiality in Bulgarian which, in addition to lexical and syntactic expression, finds morphological expression primarily, and of evidentiality in Polish. Lexical and syntactic markers predominate there and only one construction ma + infinitive in one of its uses approaches the Bulgarian renarrated forms. Two types of sociolinguistic changes in indirect speech, noticeable in the Bulgarian press after 1989, are also discussed: changes in the choice of forms in reports from abroad and in rendering statements made by officials at home.

Book review

Author(s): Piotr Kałowski / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2022

Book review

Author(s): Jan Chovanec / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2022

Book review

Author(s): Polina Oleneva / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2022

Folkloras “valoda” Latvijas politiskajā karikatūrā (parlamentārās demokrātijas posms)

Author(s): Angelika Juško-Štekele / Language(s): Latvian Issue: 39/2019

Political caricature as one of the political discourse genres portrays the characteristic comic affect, inter alia, by the implementation of folklore characters, motives, calendar, conventionalities and figurativeness. Especially intensive and diverse usage of the folklore language is evident in the first part of the 20th century, when traditions of parliamentary administration in Latvia just started to develop and the first Constitutional Assembly and first four Latvian parliaments, i.e. Saeima got elected. The popularity of the folklore “language” may also be substantiated by the fact that folklore and mass communication have close relation; theoretically they are non-dissociable because conventional formulas have been used in both verbal and visual communication. However, with the intermediation of the folklore the society expresses traditional values, whereas mass communication culture (which by nature is commercial) strives to create new knowledge, based on a traditional formula. The usage of the folklore “language” in Latvian cultural environment was promoted not only due to the favorable background of parliamentary democracy and freedom of speech, but also by the personalities of caricature authors, who were prominent intellectuals and representatives of art of their time and got excellent knowledge not only in the content of the folklore and its figurativeness, but also were able to apply the knowledge to express a new content related to the current events and interests of contemporary society. The folklore “language” in the beginning of the 20th century entered the political caricature genre in the form of citations, stylization and allusions. Practically, it covered all folklore genres and techniques of figurativeness; it confronted not only the traditional and contemporary values, but also created a new metaphorical understanding about the essence of the parliament and its operating principles. Such conceptual metaphors as “parliament – children” and “parliament – war” have proven to be sustainable even nowadays. Although the last Latvian humor and satire magazine “Dadzis” suspended its publication in 2008, the political caricature still remains popular in Latvia’s renewed democracy. It gets published in printed and electronic media and still serves as one of the most prominent reflections of public political processes.

Language and its Role in Bridging International Communication

Author(s): Georgiana Leotescu / Language(s): English Issue: 21/2022

The English language is in a continuous process of advancement as society evolves and people make distance irrelevant by communicating with each other in various ways. It is unquestionable that the development of technology has substantially improved the English language. Not only was it enriched, but it also became the official donner for many languages around the world. Words changed both their meaning and their grammatical category. A simple noun as text became the verb to text with the development of mobile phones. The word “google” started from the name of the search engine and developed into a transitive verb. The name of a company also converted into a verb and even more a concept uberization. Moreover, the association of two basic words such as face and book created a word that began to be used worldwide.

Cultural Heritage as a Mass Medium

Author(s): Karol Orban,Slavka Pitoňáková / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2022

Cultural heritage can be perceived as an inimitable and highly original type of information (in the broader context of communication), and thus from a certain point of view as a medium. In the long term, cultural heritage can be viewed as a means of communicating the social identity of a community and a person, in the short term it can be a means of communicating various goals – in addition to cultural or educational, also marketing, political, and cultural heritage can be used/abused as a propaganda tool.Communicated “cultural heritage links” are inadvertently/intentionally implemented in various media products, including film production, in the form of various themes and in various formal designs. In film production, we can record a whole range of elements of cultural heritage, which the recipients also evaluate according to cultural, national and ethnic affiliation and create a relationship and build an attitude towards the works on the basis of various codes (verbal, sound, visual, cultural).

Current Social Media Trends and Young Audiences - Risks and Opportunities

Author(s): Lucia Novanská Škripcová,Vladimíra Hladíková / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2022

Media and technology convergence has caused many changes in the world of the young public - from preferred social media, to content creation, to media consumption and its volume. In the online world, young audiences live their own lives, often separate from real ones. This article aims to describe the paradigmatic changes associated not only with the convergence of media, but especially with the convergence of the public, which is most observable in young recipients - digital natives in the era of so-called technological interference. In addition to opportunities, these changes also bring with them certain risks, especially in the area of psychological and sociological survival. These include, in addition to the current FoMO and JoMO effect, many others, which this article, through a phenomenological-hermeneutic approach, seeks to identify and explore in the context of current trends in social media.

Position of Corporate Social Responsibility in a Corporate Design

Author(s): Natália Nagyová,Jaroslav Bednárik / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2022

In the study, we address the current issues of corporate social responsibility in the context of applying its principles in corporate design through sustainable design. We draw attention to the importance of applying the mentioned concept in corporate identity and finding its feasible form using materials. By this, we can build trust in corporate social responsibility among the target audience. In the practical part, we research whether the leading telecommunications companies in the field of the corporate social responsibility can implement this concept in corporate design. We point out the currently used forms of sustainable design for selected entities.

Мотивационни и комуникационни процеси в управлението на образователните институции

Author(s): Marieta Goceva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 13/2021

The presented research seeks the impact of communication on staff motivation by placing the communication and motivation process in the focus of the management of educational institutions. It seeks to explore more fully the issues related to the management of organizations, while aiming to identify possible patterns of behavior through which organizations can have the opportunity and higher potential for their self-improvement. In this way, a much more realistic assessment of management processes can be made and effective criteria for evaluating the successful management of educational institutions can be derived.

„Ustawiania” odbioru dzieła na przykładzie wybranych prezentacji niemieckiego wydania powieści Artura Daniela Liskowackiego

Author(s): Katarzyna Taborska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2022

The article aims to discuss the selected presentations of the German translation of Artur Daniel Liskowacki’s novel. The author analyzes the publisher’s strategies of presenting the novel in Germany and interprets the vision of the novel shown on a website dedicated to books published in German-speaking countries. The article suggests introducing terms that would specify the roles of literary figures that influence the readers’ opinions of given books. Moreover, certain selected actions of the “setters” of the German translation of Eine kleine are discussed and some differences are demonstrated between Polish and German adjusting of the “setting” of the novel in the media space.

Perspektywa poznawcza w badaniach ruchów społecznych: przypadek ruchów na rzecz sprawiedliwości klimatycznej

Author(s): Przemysław Pluciński / Language(s): Polish Issue: 4/2022

Mitigating and adapting to climate change are two critical civilizational challenges nowadays, and many social actors are facing them. The paper’s objective is to analyse the phenomenon of Polish climate justice social movements through the use of the ‘cognitive approach’, introduced and developed by Ron Eyerman and Andrew Jamison. The article addresses two main issues. First, it attempts to reconstruct a conceptual-methodological framework for research on environmental activism. Second, it presents a preliminary presentation of the cognitive universes and practices of Polish climate justice movements based on the findings from desk research and an empirical investigation based on 30 in-depth interviews conducted in three Polish cities (Poznań, Wrocław, Warszawa). The article also addresses research gaps while pointing out the need for greater involvement of the social sciences in climate change mitigation measures, including opening up academia to bottom-up perspectives.