"Хибридната война“ в българските медии

Author(s): Ralitsa Kovacheva / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 6/2019

The article presents the results of an empirical study on the use of the term 'hybrid war' (and its analogs) in Bulgarian media. It is focused on the use of the concept in meanings and contexts different from those implied by the existing definitions. The study covers the first five months of 2019. The publications in Bulgarian online media are selected through the news aggregation and analysis system 'European Media Monitor' (EMM). The results show that, in certain cases, the concept is not only used with different meanings, but some derivative concepts are created by the media such as 'hybrid propaganda' or 'hybrid content'

#ForgiveUsForWeHaveSinned:

Conceptual integration theory and political Internet humour

Author(s): Nihada Delibegović Džanić,Sanja Berberović / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2017

The aim of the paper is to uncover the extent to which different forms of political Internet humour can criticise current political affairs in a developing democracy such as Bosnia and Herzegovina. Specifically, applying a cognitive linguistic theory of meaning construction, namely conceptual integration theory, the paper analyses the construction of meaning of humorous Internet forms, such as memes, demotivational posters, hashtag posts, and memetic photographs, representing innovative ways of providing political commentaries on current political affairs. The meaning of political humour is constructed in conceptual blending as a basic cognitive mechanism. As it is claimed (Coulson & Pascual 2006, Coulson & Oakley 2006, Coulson 2006, Oakley & Coulson 2008) that blending can be used as a rhetorical tool influencing the audience to change the reality and even act upon it, the analysis of the construction of meaning of political humour as products of conceptual integration can reveal hidden ideologies in political discourse.

#Hashtag: How Selected Texts of Popular Culture Engaged With Sexual Assault In the Context of the Me Too Movement in 2019

Author(s): Anna Oleszczuk / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2020

The paper seeks to explore recent shifts within the popular culture with regard to oppression involving gender, class, race, and ethnicity that can be traced back to the #MeToo movement which was revived as a social media hashtag in October 2017 and has since spread all over the world. The paper starts with a brief overview of Western popular culture that “has recently been seen as a champion for feminism . . . with many high-profile female musicians and actresses visibly promoting the movement in their work” (Woodacre 2018, 21). Next, the paper discusses the origins of the Me Too Movement and the way it approaches the meaning of gendered oppressions as well as individualized and collective experiences of survivors of sexual abuse. This is later explored in the examination of the impact of the hashtag-led movement on three works of popular culture: Amazon’s TV series Lorena (2019), Nancy Schwartzman’s documentary Roll Red Roll (2019), and We Believe: the Best Men Can Be (2019) advertisement by Gillette. The entire case study is informed primarily by feminist theory understood as inseparable from feminist activism, following bell hooks’ Feminist theory from margin to center (1984).

#Humanity washed ashore. Visual metaphors and emotions in social media

Author(s): Magdalena Hodalska / Language(s): English / Issue: 2 (234)/2018

#METOO AND US POLITICS: ANALYSING THE TWITTER CONVERSATION

Author(s): Vittoria Bernardini / Language(s): English / Issue: 3/2021

The #MeToo movement has had a profound cultural impact on US society, and notably on US party politics. While many studies have addressed the #MeToo-related controversy arising from the Brett Kavanaugh nomination to Supreme Court Justice in 2018, the relationship between #MeToo and US politics before this event has remained understudied. This article, therefore, addresses this gap by looking at the role of politics at the beginning of the #MeToo movement. Focusing on the first six months of online activity on Twitter (October 2017 – April 2018), over 2 million tweets with the #MeToo hashtag are analyzed to identify the main activity patterns across the dataset and to gain insight on user behavior and participation in the conversation. Results point to the weaponization of #MeToo in the political context from its inception. It is suggested that #MeToo reflects the polarized political climate in the US and that it can be conceptualized as part of the wider “culture wars” (Hunter 1991) that characterize the public debate.

#publicrelations on Twitter: Pushers, Talkers, Influencers on Spamming PR and Job Hunting

Author(s): Ana Adi / Language(s): English / Issue: 3/2015

A space generally associated with marketers and breaking news (Hobsbawn, 2009 cited in Evans, Twomey & Talan, 2011), Twitter has also become a space debate, community building and legitimization for companies and social movements alike. The academic literature has seen a rise in interest in the micro-blogging platform. For instance, Adi and Moloney (2012) assess the strategic uses of Twitter by protest groups, Adi, Erickson and Lilleker (2014) reflect on the networks and use pattern of the same platform by politicians, namely UK Labor party representatives in the House of Lords while Adi and Grigore (2015) analyze the strategic uses of social media by corporations. Bajpai and Jaiswal (2011) on the other hand propose a framework for analyzing collective action events on Twitter and so do the creators behind visual analysis platforms like NodeXL, Gephi, Linkurious and Socioviz. Public Relations research too has provided several reflections and analyses of Twitter. Verhoeven et al (2012) and Sweetsner and Kelleher discuss how practitioners use social media; Lovejoy, Waters and Saxton evaluate how NGO are engaging stakeholders though the new medium, while Saffer, Sommerfeldt and Taylor (2013) suggest that Twitter interactivity influences the quality of organization–public relationships. With questions about the professionalization of Public Relations as well as about the portrayals and perceptions of the profession continuing to intrigue researchers, it is surprising that only Xifra and Grau (2010) looked into the type of information shared in tweets about public relations. Using the Twitter data collection and analysis option from Socioviz this paper provides an exploratory account of the #publicrelations on Twitter. Using the visualizations provided by the platform and automated data analysis to gain insight into over 10,000 tweets published during June 15-24 and July 15-24, this paper qualitatively assesses the emerging themes about public relations focusing on association of hashtags and type of messages shared and identifies the most active and most influential users within the issue topic. The paper reveals that the #publicrelations is often associated with #jobs or is hijacked and associated with tags such as #gossip or #entertainment. The paper also shows that conversation in the #publicrelations issue network is limited and that the hashtag only partially includes content relevant to the practice. In doing so the paper raises important questions about the nature of dialogue and symmetry on social media and their assessment and suggests that further research should explore twitter chats as well as continue to apply similar data collection methods as used for the study.

(Meta)refleksja nad motywacją słowotwórczą w tekście

Author(s): Iwona Kaproń-Charzyńska / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 1/2021

In the article the author reflects on the issue of motivation – a key issue for word formation understood as an element of human communicative activity and a branch of language science. She analyzes the role of language users’ word-formation competence and their (meta)linguistic awareness in the process of encoding/decoding information contained in the derivative, taking into account the polyphonic structure of the text. She shows how the speaker controls the process of understanding the text by the recipient, moving between the language level and the metalanguage level. In terms of word-formation methodology, the analytical procedures presented in the article serve to outline a possible new direction of word formation research.

(Ne) budi ovca. O etničkoj diskriminaciji u BiH

Author(s): / Language(s): Bosnian

(Ne) budi ovca: o etničkoj diskriminaciji predstavlja izabrane analize objavljene na web portalu koalicije Jednakost (www.jednakost.ba), u okviru koje organizacije koje su njen dio imaju za cilj ukidanje etničke diskriminacije konstitutivnih naroda i Ostalih na cijelom prostoru Bosne i Hercegovine. Formalna i faktička diskriminacija u ostvarivanju ličnih i političkih prava, a dalje i kulturnih, ekonomskih i socijalnih, utječe na samorealizaciju i samostalnost svih individua koje žive na prostoru Bosne i Hercegovine. Sloboda i jednakost, bez obzira da li se one ostvaruju individalno ili kroz kolektiv, neotuđiva su ljudska prava i ne trebaju biti ovisna od drugog kolektiva ili pojedinaca_ki. U prvom dijelu brošure predstavljene su analize pozicije Ostalih u dijelovima pravnog i političkog sistema Bosne i Hercegovine, dok je drugi dio fokusiran na široke posljedice etničke diskriminacije u Bosni i Hercegovini. Tekstovi naglašavaju potrebu uvođenja principa jednakosti kako za konstitutivne narode, tako i za pripadnike_ice koji_e se ne izjašnjavaju kao konstitutivni narodi, odnosno pripadaju grupi Ostalih; moguće modele njihove reprezentacije u političkom sistemu Bosne i Hercegovine; oblastima u kojima i dalje na normativnom nivou postoji etnička diskriminacija, te model Brčko distrikta Bosne i Hercegovine kao potencijalno dobrog modela političke participacije i uključivanja svih segmenata društva u proces odlučivanja. Drugi dio brošure fokusiran je na primjere etničke diskriminacije na pojedinim nivoima vlasti; potrebi suočavanja sa prošlošću kao osnovi za gradnju povjerenja; etničkim podjelama u obrazovanju i njihovim posljedicama na etničke manjine; diskriminaciji u medijima, ekonomiji, kao i drugim oblastima života. Analize, iako obrađuju kompleksne pravne i društvene probleme Bosne i Hercegovine, razumljive su i osobama kojima pitanje etničke diskriminacije Ostalih i nije oblast posebnog interesovanja, ali je njen cilj da na jedan inovativan i provokativan način aktualizira sveprisutnu etničku diskriminaciju u Bosni i Hercegovini.

(Prze)trwanie przeszłości w trans kulturowych przestrzeniach

Author(s): Aleksandra Boroń / Language(s): Polish

The book The (re-) existence of the past in transcultural spaces is an analysis of cultural phenomena belonging to the world of art, which, like books, music, dance or ceramic tiles, are at the same time elements that accompany us in our everyday lives as cultural representations of the memory of the past. Linking them to key concepts such as cultural heritage and cultural identity has made it possible to place them in a transcultural perspective. What cultural heritage gives people is a sense of unity and of belonging to a group; it enables them to better understand the essence of the continuity between generations and the history of their origins. It also implies a common bond. Cultural identity, on the other hand, is a sense of "being in place", of belonging and fitting in. Identifying with a culture is therefore an extremely important factor in people's well-being, giving them a sense of belonging and security. It is also a reflection on the processes of acculturation, which in today's world would no longe need to take on the character of a conflict of loyalties, because participation in culture is both a bonding element, an expression of belonging, and an opportunity to manifest one's identity. That is why it is so important to be aware of one's own cultural heritage and cultural identity (both individual and group), which can be used creatively to find one's place in environments full of cultural symbols, practices and meanings that differ from those established in us through the processes of upbringing, socialisation or acculturation. Art as a plane of human activity and creativity is understood here as a field for intergenerational dialogue, transmission of ideas, coexistence and the duration of the past. It is something of a conciliation between old and new values, which enables individuals and groups to adapt to change. Transculturality, on the other hand, is a space in which multicultural and intercultural experiences are visible, which in turn translates into intercultural education projects.

(Re)prezentări ale sistemului medical în presă

Author(s): Ioana-Tatiana Ciocan / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 2/2021

This study identifies some aspects concerning the representation of theRomanian medical system in mass media. The analyse concentrates on investigativejournalism, on reportage. I have chosen to examine a series of reportages of theRomanian press, starting from the articles of Brunea-Fox, to articles that are dedicatedto Colectiv nightclub fire and the Covid-19 pandemic. The methodological directionswhich were chosen – the analyse of linguistic elements, the typology of the titles, as wellas the Romanian hospitals’ images – they will relieve the negative connotations of therepresentations of the medical system in mass media, in crises moments, and sanitarydisasters.

(V čom) sú médiá náboženstvom?

Author(s): Terézia Rončáková / Language(s): Slovak / Issue: 3-4/2021

In the more recent scholarly literature on media, pop culture or celebrity studies, there has been a growing tendency to identify media, stardom and other pop culture forms of cult with religion. An increasing number of concepts have sprung up such as “media as religion” or “stardom as religion”. The primary aim of this paper is to examine whether there are essential intrinsic similarities between religion and media. To answer this question, we have examined the structural similarities between media and religion (by comparing their use of ritual and liturgy; emotions; cosmology; myth and archetype). We came to the conclusion that media religion is a non-theistic religion without God, with an exclusive emphasis on social cohesion. The absence of verticality, lack of transcendence to eternity as well as the non-existing relationship with God as a person – have determined the remaining partial conclusions presented herein.

(Z)rozumieć autyzm. Doświadczanie autyzmu przez blogujących self-adwokatów

Author(s): Dorota Pufund / Language(s): Polish / Publication Year: 0

The text presents a reconstruction of the experience of autism by blogging self-advocates. The starting point is the concept of autobiographical self-learning. The study included a qualitative analysis of the content of open blogs on the Internet, whose authors are people who declare themselves to be autistic. The analysis was conducted on the basis of the grounded theory. MAXQDA software was used.

,,SCENOGRAFIA” DISCURSULUI DIDACTIC APARŢINÂND MANUALULUI

Author(s): Laura-Irina Gavriliu / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 32/2014

The terms belonging to theatre have been permanently transferred and adapted to various epistemic spaces, in the pursuit of organizing a coherent explanation pattern, the “script” being the “the speaking stage that the discourse involves in order to be produced and that, in exchange, needs to confirm through its utterance” . “The communication discourse” promotes understanding based on inferential reasoning, structured by the fundamental principles of conscious learning whose results will configure the identity of the cognitive structure of the teachable subject. This primary understanding, pertaining to the logical significance, will be a condition for further acceptance of an interpretation course, based on heuristic processes, on the consistent character of learning, reflected within the relationship with the incorporated information belonging to the student’s knowledge. The passage from potential to achievement is dependent on the intention and desire of the sender who has to translate an interior need. As part of the teaching discourse, “the creative discourse” is the practice context of the student’s creative potential, tributary to the development of the “lecture competence” with reference to Romanian as a school subject, aiming at the conscious approval of the interpretation process. This can be described in terms of labor concerning the creation process, the literature context facilitates the relationship between the education subject and various “paratope” belonging to Romanian and universal literature, through which the reaction to the symbolic valences of the literary works can be obvious. The identification process between the reader and the creation substantiated through a “school trial” should start from the re-enactment of the author’s labor process, through a participative activity associated to the questioning labor, organized according to the textbook score. It has to provide the student an understanding and interpretation pattern in order to guarantee a “successful” reading, that should harmonize various interpretation strategies.

0 argumentach z natury ludzkiej w dyskursie publicznym. Kilka uwag w kontekście przeszłych argumentów z debaty o tzw. legalizacji związków partnerskich

Author(s): Paweł Polaczuk / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 32/2016

This paper aims to outline the significance ofthe category of human nature, as variously understood, in both public and moral discourse. The first part is devoted to the category of human nature with respect to political philosophy. It presents the classical conceptualizations of human nature and their implications for modern poli- tical philosophy. This part of the paper also contains remarks concerning the require- ment of compatibility with human nature in ethical discourse. The second part focuses on the category of human nature in recent public discourse on the legal acceptance of partnerships in Poland. The author argues that this discourse was specifically oriented towardsits incompatibility with human nature (instead of acom- patibility with nature or those limitations a human being is subject to). Moreover, the author signals some doubts as to the character of any allegations concerning the incompatibility of partnerships with nature.

1. kapitola: Strategická pozícia Public Relations

Author(s): Štefan Kassay / Language(s): Slovak / Issue: 2/2019

V procese nebývalých spoločenských premien a rastu konkurencie vytváranie vzťahov s verejnosťou (PR – Public Relations) nadobudlo pre podniky strategický význam. Komunikačná akcelerácia a šírka komunikačného „zásahu“ v globálnom komunikačnom priestore jednoznačne ovplyvňujú kvalitu podnikateľského mikroprostredia, obchodné podmienky s partnermi a v konečnom dôsledku ovplyvňujú hodnotu samotného podniku. Nová situácia nastoľuje nové požiadavky, tzn. že rozvíjanie vzťahov s verejnosťou si vyžaduje kreatívne postupy, multiplikovanosť zdieľaných komunikačných obsahov, variantné využívanie rozličných komunikačných technológií a nástrojov. Zároveň sa očakáva interaktivita vzťahov a integrovaný vplyv aj v nečakaných krízových situáciách.

1. kapitola: Vplyv komunikácie na zákazníka v prostredí silnejúcej globálnej konkurencie

Author(s): Štefan Kassay / Language(s): Slovak / Issue: 4/2019

Vplyv komunikácie z hľadiska pôsobenia na zákazníka je ťažko merateľný, jednoznačne však možno konštatovať, že je menej účinný ako v minulosti. Menia sa atribúty utvárajúce komunikačnú silu, prechádzajúcu niekedy do extrému hraničiaceho s komunikačnou agresiou. Vyplýva to z diferencovanosti spoločensky uznávaných hodnôt, individuálnej axiológie súbežne s rastom vzdelanosti a odporom k dirigizmu z akéhokoľvek zdroja. Prúd rôznorodých spoločenských smerovaní celkom prirodzene spôsobuje skokovité a zvlášť individuálne diferencované premeny životných podmienok a tým aj životného štýlu zákazníkov koexistujúcich trhových segmentov a zákazníckych generácií.

10 SKILLS FOR EFFECTIVE BUSINESS COMMUNICATION. PRACTICAL STRATEGIES FOR THE WORLD’S GREATEST LEADERS

Author(s): Anca Teodora Şerban-Oprescu / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2021

Any instructor of Business English, either with university students, or during training with employees and people from all walks of life wanting to brush and hone their English for Specific Purposes, sooner rather than later, is confronted with the claim that “this is all great, but can you give us some practical advice on how to improve our communication skills in business?” I would consider this to be the main point of appeal for this book – the fact that it actually showcases practical advice on how to deal with all sorts of issues arising in communication acts in the context of business.

11th National Methodological Conference of Media Experts “Virtual: Words, Societies, Identities”

Author(s): Marlena Sztyber,Katarzyna Piórecka / Language(s): English / Issue: 28/2021

Conference report: 11th National Methodological Conference of Media Experts “Virtual: Words, Societies, Identities”

13 актуални медийни бизнес модела в дигиталната епоха – поуките за България

Author(s): Ivo Indzhov / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 1/2020

The study seeks an answer to the current problem of the deepening global crisis of classic media business models in the digital age and the need to seek sustainable new forms of financing. This state of the journalistic media, resp. of quality journalism is the result of competition from the Internet and major online platforms, but also from acute financial crises, the most recent one caused by Covid-19. They hit the two market foundations of the media company the hardest – advertising and sales. Financially afflicted media repel citizens and are a direct threat to democracy. Weakened, they fall under external dependence, and cannot control the politicians and those in power; neither can they oppose the viral spread of misinformation and fake news on social media. The main research question is “Is it possible – and in what way – to save the media financially in the digital age?” 13 current media-financing models with an emphasis on digital media have been studied - beyond advertising, classified ads etc., which until recently ensured the well-being of the press and television. Two different media business models were also considered: taz – a successful German left-wing alternative newspaper based on cooperative ownership and a solidary model of attracting readers, and “Capital” – a Bulgarian business-oriented medium that successfully applies new forms of financing. Both editions focus on digital transition. The elements of comparison show that for several reasons the “taz model”, which provides a much more direct and emotional connection with the readership, is not applicable to Bulgaria in the medium term. The main conclusion of the study is that in order to survive in the digital age, journalistic media must have a flexible pluralistic funding model. Depending on the nature of the media, its target groups and the specifics of society, it may contain only part or a wider range of the following main sources of funding: market; state / public funding; structures of civil society and citizens.

2. kapitola: Komunikácia verzus marketing

Author(s): Štefan Kassay / Language(s): Slovak / Issue: 1/2019

Nové komunikačné technológie výrazným spôsobom ovplyvnili trh. Zmena trhu si vyžaduje aj zmenu spôsobu „trhových operácií“. Ak je trh pod enormným komunikačným atakom, potom aj spôsob jeho zvládania (marketing) sa musí zmeniť. Staré spôsoby v nových podmienkach nemôžu byť efektívne. V dnešnom svete, v ktorom vzácnosťou sú zákazníci, a nie produkty, je potrebné klasické marketingové koncepcie znovu premyslieť, novo definovať a rozšíriť tak, aby odrážali túto novú skutočnosť. Hlavným dynamickým faktorom tvorby a implementácie je nová paradigma marketingu opierajúca sa o všadeprítomnú elektronickú konektivitu a interaktivitu medzi podnikmi, zákazníkmi a v rámci sietí spolupracujúcich subjektov.