Richard Bach’in “Marti Jonathan Livingston” Adli Anlatısının Türkçe Çevirilerinin Eşdeğerlik Bağlamında Değerlendirilmesi Üzerine Bir Deneme

Author(s): Sezgin Demir / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 144/2009

Today, in which international communication and interaction are extremely intense, sience of translation appears as an essential principle to be benefited in the field of literature as in many areas. One of problems seen frequently in theoretical studies in this area is equivalence called as mutual relation between source text and target text. This correlation, whether in source or target text-based translatio, directs the study and influences the text and translator. In this study, Richard Bach's narration with the name of “Jonathan Livingston Seagull” and Turkish translations have been evaluated in the context of equivalence. A sample section taken from source text has been evaluated together with the Turkish equivalents; a structural analysis based on text has been aimed. Both the grammatical equivalence occur between source text and target text, and semantical equivalence of texts have been taken into consideration. This examination reflects an empirical study.

Edebiyatta İmgesel Yapısalcı Mitos Çözümlemesinin Ana Hatları ve Arjantin Edebiyatından Bir Örnekleme

Author(s): Mehmet İlgürel / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 1/2018

B This work aims at presenting the general panorama of the methods of myth studies of Figurative Structuralism through interpretations and evaluations. To provide a basis, the major perspectives about classical and contemporary myths are examined and the myth conceptions that are compatible with our context are emphasized. In addition to this, the concept of euphemism, which is one of the main causes of the wide acceptance of the current myths and the old ones, is discussed. The Myths Criticism method of Figurative Structuralism, which points to uncovering the mythical structures of literary works is extensively studied. Likewise, explanations and comments about the Myth Analysis method are included. In this method a large number of works are involved in the same process and the presence of the determined mythical structures is evaluated on a social level. In this context, Julio Cortázar’s short story, “Secret Weapons”, was studied as an example within the framework of mythical structures, and also the possible focal points of a comprehensive study of Myth Analysis are established. On the other hand, the method derived from Structural Anthropology, which consists of presenting synchronically and diachronically the mythical structure of a narrative, is explained and its use is exemplified in the study of the mentioned literary work.

Ženski umetnički saloni Anke Obrenović i Mejre (supruge Ali Riza paše): Nova uloga žene u društvu

Author(s): Marijana Kokanović Marković / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 1/2017

Focal point of this study is ’women’s’ art salons of Anka Obrenović Konstantinović and her friend Meira, wife of the last Belgrade Fortress Ottoman commander, Ali Riza Pasha, in the context of the turbulent events in Belgrade, during the reign of prince Mihailo Obrenovic III, in the sixties of the nineteenth century. Soon after the arrival of Pasha’s wife, Meira, in Belgrade, Anka became close friends with her, and the two often visited each other. In order for Meira to attend her gatherings, Anka organized special “women only” art salons, unlike the so-called “mixed” salons, where guests were members of both sexes. Besides Meira and the prominent women of Belgrade, Anka used to invite the wives of foreign diplomats accredited to the Serbian court, as well as the wives of senior officers from the military garrisons stationed in Zemun, Pančevo, and Petrovaradin. These literary and musical gatherings were special occasions at which works of contemporary, mainly Serbian, French and German, poets and writers, were read, and where principal form of entertainment was piano, guitar, harp, or violin playing, and singing. Such gatherings usually ended with modern European dances, and quite often with Serbian and Oriental, too. On the other hand, in her lavish oriental salons, Pasha’s wife, Meira, organized the women’s art salons, too, which were especially festive during Bayram. Meira cultivated special affection towards French poets and writers whose works she read in the original, although works of German literature could also be heard at her gatherings, too. As for the musical part of the programme, salons of Pasha’s wife Meira, were famous for “girlish” songs and chochek dances. Meira played the piano, violin and the guitar, and was fond of singing. Gatherings usually ended with chochek dances, but also with the turning European dances. Favourite was the waltz, at which Meira excelled. Both types of women’s art salons were organized primarily for fun and enjoyment of the arts by the elite members of the court and high society circles. On the other hand, thanks to the institution of the salons, the new role of women in the society was constituted, which enabled their entrance into public life, and cutting ties with the traditions of the time in which woman’s role was linked to the family only.

Artysta zdradzony i zawiedziony. Portret Aleksandra Puszkina w Maskaradzie Jarosława Iwaszkiewicza

Author(s): Maria Jolanta Olszewska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 4/2021

Jarosław Iwaszkiewicz’s dramatic works, diversified in terms of theme and genre, by no means occupy a marginal place in his comprehensively perceived writing oeuvre. Three of Iwaszkiewicz’s plays, linked by the artist’s theme, deserve a special mention: Lato w Nohant, Maskarada and Wesele pana Balzaka. The subject of analysis in this article is the play “Masquerade”. That play focuses on the character of Alexander Pushkin and his complex relationship with the environment, which lead to the self-destruction of the poet, for whom the only salvation is death. In this play, Iwaszkiewicz connected the artistic theme with the question of subjectivity and identity.

Transformacje wizerunku Fryderyka Chopina w Lecie w Nohant

Author(s): Karol Samsel / Language(s): Polish Issue: 4/2021

The paper analyses the character of Frédéric Chopin in the Summer at Nohantby Jarosław Iwaszkiewicz. The internal differentiation of characteristicsintroduced in the composer’s figure produces a new type of unity. The Summerat Nohant gains the dimension of Iwaszkiewicz’s “comedy of greatness”.Interconnections between similar or related works shape the multifacetedcharacter of Chopin in the Summer at Nohant.

Schola semper reformanda

Author(s): Zofia Zasacka / Language(s): Polish Issue: 4/2021

BLACK CHURCHES AND AFRICAN AMERICAN SOCIAL ACTIVISM

Author(s): Paulina Napierała / Language(s): English Issue: 27/2021

The article analyses the evolution of the academic debate on the role of the Black Church and Black religion in encouraging or undercutting the political and social activism of African Americans. By reviewing the most important literature on the subject in the context of the so-called ‘opiate’ and ‘inspiration’ view, it will be possible to present the dominating trends and shifts in the debate in particular periods of time.

“Dashing and daring, courageous and caring”: Neomedievalism as a Marker of Anthropomorphism in the Parent Fan Fiction Inspired by Disney’s Adventures of the Gummi Bears

Author(s): Martine Mussies / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2021

As is already visible in its opening credits, the television series Disney’s Adventures of the Gummi Bears (1985–1991) uses neomedievalism to confirm the anthropomorphism of the titular characters. More than 35 years after this series’ first episode aired, this phenomenon is still easily traceable in the parent fan fiction, online stories about the Gummi Bears, written for children by adults. This paper addresses two seemingly overlooked fields: The Gummi Bears series and the fan fiction it inspired. It shows that this anthropomorphic perception adds new perspectives on human relations with the natural environment and on the treatment of animals, and thus contributes to building the awareness of ecological and animal rights in societies, especially when it comes to future generations.

O baśni i jej przeobrażeniach w serialu animowanym Wodogrzmoty Małe Alexa Hirscha – wybrane zagadnienia

Author(s): Patrycja Manelska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2021

The fairy tale seems to be eternal, but it is not unchanging in its longevity. It is still subject to new trends, remodelling, and contradictions. In such transformed forms, we can find it in many cultural texts, including recent cinema and television animations. One of the animated series in which the fairy-tale threads undergo numerous and interesting changes is Alex Hirsch’s Gravity Falls (2012–2016). In this article, themes, patterns, characters, and fairy-tale creatures have been selected from this programme, and then – analysed in relation to the classic (Vladimir Propp) and contemporary (Grzegorz Leszczyński, Weronika Kostecka, Kamila Kowalczyk) studies on traditional stories. Many elements of the series correspond with the distinguishing features of fairy tales, and some of them are transformed or parodied by the creators. In Gravity Falls, one can also find transformations of well-known fairy-tale threads and the process of the characters’ psychologisation.

„Opowiadacz jest przewodnikiem po gabinecie osobliwości”. Rozmowa z Elżbietą Stanilewicz i Groszkiem Stanilewicz – Łowcami Słów

Author(s): Weronika Kostecka / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2021

This conversation with Elżbieta Stanilewicz and Groszek Stanilewicz – Łowcy Słów [The Hunters of Words] – explores their fascination with the practice of storytelling, their various sources of inspiration, their literary and oral projects, and the ways in which their stories are received by various audiences.

Nowoczesność tradycyjnej humanistyki

Author(s): Grzegorz Leszczyński / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2021

Słownik polskiej bajki ludowej [A Dictionary of Polish Folktale], edited by Violetta Wróblewska (2019), draws on Aarne’s and Thompson’s methodology, and in relation to native studies – on Krzyżanowski’s structuralist approach. It also makes use of modern interpretative tools developed on the ground of cultural literary theory, anthropological folkloristics, narratology, ethnography, ethnolinguistics, and dialectology. Such diverse tools enabled a comprehensive interpretation of motifs, phenomena, conventions and genres of folktales, cultural, linguistic, and literary issues. The main goal of the project was the analysis of issues connected with Polish folktales: an interpretation of the most famous territorially diversified motifs written down in source documents from the 19th and 20th century, a comparative analysis of Polish folktales with European collections as well as the Bible and Christian tradition (e.g. lives of saints), and also an analysis of the presence of folktale motifs in non-folk texts and the phenomena of contemporary culture, especially popular and oriented towards children and young audiences.

THE CONVENTIONAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL PERCEPTION OF THE SOCIETY IN WILLIAM GOLDING’S THE PYRAMID

Author(s): Alina Ungureanu / Language(s): English Issue: 29/2021

William Golding’s novel, The Pyramid, is innovative in its structure, technique and theme. It represents a satire on class structure, but it is also about individual development, dramas and evolution. The Pyramid describes the ordinary universe of the characters that live in different social milieus.

Intertextual Translation: Shakespearean Flavour in Tang Xianzu’s Peony Pavilion

Author(s): Bikang Huan / Language(s): English Issue: 10/2021

This article presents a new mode of translating Tang Xianzu’s Peony Pavilion, the renown Chinese theatrical masterpiece, by referring to Shakespeare’s poetic style. The author of this article compares the two playwrights in terms of their life-views, moral concerns and the view of the other worldliness by identifying some textual affinities. To further explain Tang Xianzu’s humanistic view of life, his transcendental appraisal of intuitive feeling and heterogeneous love, some themes and textual features of The Peony Pavilion are elaborated which are evocative of those of Shakespeare. Based on some close reading of the text, the author is able to demonstrate how an “intertextual grafting” in translation can prove a better means to achieve better acceptability of Tang Xianzu’s play by the English reader/audience.

Alexander Pushkin as Foreign Heritage: Transformation and Cultural Disintegration in Post-Soviet Societies

Author(s): Anastasia Felcher / Language(s): English Issue: 12/2022

This paper discusses how post-communist transformation impacted public discourse and action on cultural heritage related to a specific ethnic group in three formerly multicultural cities in the newly independent East European states: Chişinău in Moldova, Odessa in Ukraine, and Vilnius in Lithuania. By looking at post-1989/91 uses of monuments, memorial sites and museums dedicated to the Russian national poet Alexander Pushkin in these cities, the paper examines multilevel social functions of cultural heritage. It covers a period of three decades from 1989/91 to 2019. Each decade signaled a specific shift in treating the poet and the sites related to him as overlooked, contested, or foreign heritage. The paper traces diverse strategies that various cultural and social actors and groups used throughout these decades to either overcome or adjust to this shift under the rapidly changing political, social, and demographic conditions.

Howls in the Anthropocene. Between Wildness and Captivity of Wolves in the Memoirs of Lois Crisler and Teresa Martino

Author(s): Paulina Szymonek / Language(s): English Issue: 9/2022

W artykule ukazano zmianę postrzegania wilka, jaka nastąpiła w Ameryce Północnej w latach 1950–1990, poprzez historie Lois Crisler i Teresy Martino – dwóch kobiet, które nawiązały bliskie relacje ze swoimi wilkami. Choć wilki Lois Crisler – Lady, Trigger, Alatna, Arctic, Barrow, Killik i Tundra – urodziły się dzikie, ich życie było zależne od ludzi. Natomiast Mckenzie, wilczyca urodzona w niewoli i wychowana przez Teresę Martino, została wypuszczona na wolność. Historie Crisler i Martino ukazują czas, w którym w Stanach Zjednoczonych nienawiść do wilków ustępowała publicznej ich akceptacji oraz podjęto pierwsze próby reintrodukcji tego gatunku po uprzednim niemal doszczętnym wytępieniu wilków na terenie USA.

Les soldats de l’Oncle Sam : stéréotypes des combattants américains dans la littérature de jeunesse de la Grande Guerre en France (1917-1920)

Author(s): Joceline Chabot,Noémie Haché-Chiasson / Language(s): French Issue: 4/2021

During World War I, the ongoing conflict became the main subject of published stories for French youth. Children’s literature beginning to focus on short and educational stories while sharing these with adult literature themes like the exaltation of France and its allies as well as the demonization of the enemy. This article analyses stereotypical representations of the American ally (entry into the war in 1917) through two collections of French youth literature. Because of their function of reductive simplification, stereotypes serve as an effective tool for filtering reality by exploiting existing cultural representations.

„Nie potrzebuje zdrowy lekarstwa, rzecz dobra zaś – naprawy”. Pamflet Herasyma Smotryckiego Kalendarz rzymski nowy (1587)

Author(s): Tomasz Hodana / Language(s): Polish Issue: 7/2022

This paper discusses the satirical pamphlet Kalendar rymskyj novy [The New Roman Calendar], part of Herasym Smotrytsky’s book better known as Kliuch tsarstva nebesnoho [The Key to the Heavenly Kingdom, 1587], which is the first printed example of Orthodox polemical literature in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. In his pamphlet, Smotrytsky shows the negative social consequences of the calendar reform by Pope Gregory XIII (1582) and categorically rejects the new calendar. Instead of scientific argumentation, he uses satire with irony, sarcasm, exaggeration and anecdotes. He also writes in a language close to the vernacular. All of this made his work understandable and convincing for Orthodox Ruthenians (Ukrainians and Belarusians) and accessible to the broad masses.

Екзегетичні польськомовні маркери в моделюванні обра-зів духовного й матеріального світів у системі біблійної герменевтики української барокової літератури

Author(s): Nataliia Levchenko / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 7/2022

Biblical hermeneutics, compiled and developed by both the Western and Eastern Church Fathers, played an essential role in the formation of Ukrainian baroque literature. The binary opposition of images of the spiritual and material worlds in the system of biblical hermeneutics of Ukrainian baroque literature is considered, based on examples of Ukrainian and Polish works by Lazar Baranovych, Innokenty Gizel, Ioanniki Galyatovsky, Stefan Yavorsky, Danylo Tuptalo, Anthony Radyvilovsky, Gregory Skovoroda and others, who unanimously conclude that the choosing of God and his Wisdom is the source of earthly comfort and human happiness.

Między Wschodem a Zachodem. Eklezjonimy prawosławne w języku polskim – studium przypadku

Author(s): Anna Małgorzata Szczęsny / Language(s): Polish Issue: 7/2022

This paper is devoted to orthodox ecclesionyms in Polish, as recorded in official usus. The first section is an analysis of the names of churches and parishes, which include the heortonym The Dormition of the Mother of God. The second part presents their possible use as equivalents in translation from Russian to Polish. The author notes that, along with the onomastic and translation perspectives, it is necessary to take into account linguistic rules of a prescriptive nature, as well as historical, cultural and theological factors.

Science-spirituality Antipodal Debate – Resolving Long-time Clash through Syncretism? Reading from the Accidental Santera

Author(s): Emmanuel Adeniyi / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2022

The conflict between science and spirituality is an established fact, even though some scholars dispute this reality arguing that it is rather unfashionable for contemporary academic inquiry. The present study interrogates the foregoing position, submitting that the conflict between the two fields of knowledge still subsists. It advocates the recognition of spirituality as an alternative knowledge field, despite its lack of deductive, empirical procedures. The proposition builds on the reality of existential risks threatening humanity which can be adequately tackled if the two domains collaborate to develop mechanisms for ending human misery. Using syncretism/hybridity as a conceptual touchstone, the article attempts a postcolonial reading of Irete Lazo’s The Accidental Santera (2008) to pontificate about the imperativeness of mutuality between science and spirituality, and the danger inherent in a branch of knowledge displaying hubristic, overweening attitude towards another knowledge field. The study further suggests a new order to reposition the knowledge fields.