FARMACOLOGIA REUŞITEI. BOLI, LEACURI ŞI PRACTICI MEDICALE ÎN BASMUL FANTASTIC ROMÂNESC

Author(s): Costel Cioancă / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 20/2016

The Romanian folk ethos proves to be particularly generous including imaginative fictions concerning pharmacology. This study was inspired by the multiplicity and richness of situations which require therapeutic intervention, potions and treatments used for various medical purposes. Starting from the wishes and imaginative mechanisms which cooperate to the final success of the hero, in this study I tried to assemble and analyze all the actions that focus on the therapeutical in the Romanian fairy tale. Even if we discuss about diseases or treatments related to ethnoiatry or etnosophie, the traditional imaginary of Romanian fantastic tale has capitalized in equal measure the cultural-therapeutical inheritance and the discoveries of the modern medicine.

La ţigănci de Mircea Eliade. Scurt istoric al receptării unui text literar în limbaje artistice complementare

Author(s): Cristina Scarlat / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 32/2014

La ţigănci [With the Gypsy Girls] by Mircea Eliade is one of the texts that enjoyed several versions in different artistic languages – theatrical, musical ones, cartoons, film projects, audiobooks –, although its thematic universe is far from the entertainment area. This fact confirms the richness of the literary text and the possibility of its transposition/translation into different semiotic codes, preserving at the same time its ideational content.

SÂMİHA AYVERDİ’NİN HİKÂYELERİNDE TOPLUMSAL CİNSİYET

Author(s): Yavuz Sinan Ulu / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 70/2021

The concept of social gender is a set of stereotypes that society expects from men and women, shaped in line with the physiology of men and women, living conditions, political, social, cultural and economic developments. In the historical process, the dominance of the patriarchal structure in the society causes social gender roles to limit women more than men and to position women according to men. Sâmiha Ayverdi (1905-1993), who made a name for herself in Turkish literature with her novels, takes her place in Turkish storytelling with thirty-six stories in her book called Mâbedde Bir Gece, published in 1940. While the stories are shaped around the main themes of love, meaning and search, there are traces of the reflections of social gender perception on men and women in many stories. These traces often guide the attitudes and behaviors of the people in the story against various events. While the roles of femininity and masculinity shaped by the society in the stories sometimes create conflict with the individual's inner world and conditions and drag the individual into an impasse, sometimes they commodify the individual by reducing the individual to the body with a utilitarian understanding. In this study, the reflections of the concept of social gender in Sâmiha Ayverdi's stories will be examined in the context of the institution of marriage, body and masculinity.

In memoriam Франсис Томсън

Author(s): Alexandre Kostov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 42/2021

In memoriam Емилия Стайчева

Author(s): Ivan Popov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 42/2021

Диляна Радославова. Българската книжнина от XVII век: центрове, книжовници, репертоар

Author(s): Anisava Miltenova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 42/2021

Fleka na miljeu

Author(s): Nenad Veličković / Language(s): Bosnian,Croatian,Serbian Issue: 2/2015

The interpretation of „Aquarelle“, a poem written by Hamza Humo (which was included as obligatory in the Reader for the seventh-graders attending elementary school, by the so-called Federal Curriculum) focuses on the poem’s social engagement. It states that the lyrical subject corresponds to a poor boy who sings to the bright autumn days and whose golden smile also trembles at the sight of wealth: the car flags, grocer’s tent, or the cathedral’s dome. The analysis concludes in stating that Humo is socially engaged – this conclusion is confirmed by analysing the poem in the context of the collection in which it was first published („The City of Rhymes and Rhythms“, 1924) as well as that of the political (and cultural) programme of the Sarajevo magazine called „Narod“, in which it was published, two years before that. Although the method demonstrated in this interpretation exceeds the needs of a class, as well as children’s interests, it can help the teacher comprehend and bring to consciousness his/her own role in the indoctrination through literature.

Ibn Sina, njegova djela i ideje u prijevodima na bosanski, hrvatski i srpski jezik

Author(s): Haris Dubravac / Language(s): Bosnian,Croatian,Serbian Issue: 21/2020

The paper discusses Ibn Sina’s translated works, with brief notes about them when necessary. Also, works which discus Ibn Sina’s life and work are listed. With regard to translations and works about Ibn Sina, only those written in Bosnian, Croatian and Serbian language were included and chronologically listed. Certainly, it cannot be claimed that all the translated works of Ibn Sina and all works about Ibn Sina which were authored and translated in the aforementioned languages are listed here. However, the majority of them have been included in one paper. The works about Ibn Sina ranged thematically from philosophy through medicine to Sufism.

Cultural Diversity in Igbo Life: A Postcolonial Response to Chinua Achebe’s Arrow of God

Author(s): Sazzad Hossain Zahid / Language(s): English Issue: 23/2021

In his book Chinua Achebe, David Caroll (1980) describes the novel Arrow of God as a fight for dominance both on the theological and political level, as well as in the framework of Igbo philosophy. In Critical Perspectives on Chinua Achebe (1990), famous Achebe critics C. L. Innes and Berth Lindforts consider Arrow of God as a novel with conflicting ideas and voices inside each community with the tensions and rivalries that make it alive and vital. Another profound scholar on Achebe Chinwe Christiana Okechukwu (2001) in Achebe the Orator: The Art of Persuasion in Chinua Achebe's Novels assesses Arrow of God, which depicts a community under imminent danger of cultural genocide unleashed by agents of Western imperialism who have recently arrived in the indigenous society. However, the author in this study attempts to see Arrow of God as a postcolonial response to cultural diversity that upholds its uniting and cohesive force in Nigerian Igbo life. The goal is to look at how Achebe, in response to misleading western discourses, develops a simplistic image and appreciation that persists in Igbo life and culture even as colonization takes hold. This paper also exhibits how the Igbo people share their hardships, uphold their age-old ideals, celebrate festivals, and even battle on disagreements. This study employs postcolonial theory to reconsider aspects of cultural diversity among the African Igbo people, which are threatened by the intervention of European colonialism in the name of religion, progress, and civilization.

The Witch on a Vespa (and the case of the Kinetic Potatoes):

Author(s): Sirke Happonen / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2017

It has been suggested that in nonsense literature the form sometimes directs the events of the story (Tigges 1988, Lecercle 1994). Translation of a poem may make this even more evident,as with "Mr Pii Poo" (1956, originally “Herra Pii Poo”), a poem by the Finnish author Kirsi Kunnas, born in 1924. "Mr Pii Poo" tells a story of a magician in a conflict between rural and urban elements, a figure who is introduced also as a witch and who could at the same time be interpreted as an alter ego of the poet Kunnas. In this poem, Kirsi Kunnas binds a bizarre bundle of rhymed and free verses around the Finnish word noita (a witch) and its multipleuses as a noun, a pronoun, and a case ending. I discuss the nonsense elements of this witty and whimsical poem by describing its translation process from Finnish into English – a piece of work I has done with the help of my nonsensical colleagues. As a collocation, I present a"movable reading" of another poem by Kunnas called “Kattila ja perunat”, "The Pan and the Potatoes".

“Our Ears Lived Their Own Lives” The Auditory Experience in Breslau Autobiographical Literature during the ‘Third Reich’

Author(s): Annelies Augustyns / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2020

With Adolf Hitler coming to power in January 1933, the National Socialists staged their dominance in the city center of Breslau by using various visual and auditory elements – including swastikas, singing, marching, dispersing rumors – to spread their influence and keep the people under control. How were these changes in the city soundscape used for social exclusion and territory-marking? How were they experienced by the Jewish population and how can they be related to questions of identity and (non-)belonging? Addressing these questions with the corpus of autobiographical writings – both diaries and autobiographies – from Jewish victims from the city of Breslau will be the main aim of this article. This study of literary testimonies will focus on the constant and changing sounds of propaganda in Breslau, sound technologies such as radio and loudspeakers used for propaganda, and the relation between sound, identity, and trauma.

OPINIA RODZICÓW NA TEMAT WPŁYWU BAJKI NA DZIECI (NA PRZYKŁADZIE PRZEDSZKOLA W KUNOWIE)

Author(s): Agnieszka Michalska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1-2/2019

The article is an attempt to assess the impact of fairy tales on the process of raising a child. The purpose of the thesis was to find out the parents' opinions about the role of fairy tales in raising children in preschool age. To obtain the data, the diagnostic survey method and the survey technique were used and the author's survey was the research tool. The study was conducted in June 2019 among 24 parents whose children attend a group of toddlers (3-4 years old) in the Kindergarten in Kunów. Most often children spend 1-3 hours watching TV (68%). According to the survey, 92% of parents read fairy tales to their children, 79% of them believe that this is a good way to develop their child's imagination and to learn patterns of behaviour. 67.5% talk to children about the values of read and watched fairy tales. 54.5% claim that there are noticeable changes in the child's behaviour after reading or watching a story. 88% confirmed that fairy tales have a positive impact on cognitive development, 96% on children's moral development. Based on the opinions of the respondents, it can be concluded that children watch fairy tales under control. Parents believe that reading is a good way to develop their child's imagination and children's literature helps children cope with difficult situations and enriches their vocabulary. Care takers confirm that fairy tales have a positive impact on the cognitive, intellectual, emotional, moral and social development of preschool children.

A Scholar Poet from the Neighbouring Land: Uddaṇḍa Śāstrin’s Perceptions of Kerala

Author(s): Rajendran Chettiarthodi / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2020

The present paper proposes to investigate the perceptions of Kerala in the works of Uddaṇḍa Śāstrin, a remarkable scholar, who came in search of patronage to the court of Mānavikrama, the Zamorin of Calicut of the 15th century A.D, from Lāṭapura, a famous Brahmin centre in Toṇḍamaṇḍala, in Chengalpattu, in the present Tamil Nadu. Often stereotyped as a haughty outsider looking down upon his contemporaries with contempt, Uddaṇḍa was actually a sharp-witted scholar, who readily appreciated the scholarship of his adopted land, even while mincing no words when he encountered mediocrity. His message poem Kokilasandeśa and his play Mallikāmāruta, as well as many stray verses still current in Kerala, apart from being a veritable treasure of information as far as medieval Kerala is concerned, are of great cultural significance as they register the perceptions of a gifted scholar poet from the neighbouring land. Unfortunately, in popular imagination, he is projected as a haughty outsider outsmarting indigenous scholarship, but ultimately defeated by a native prodigy in the form of Kākkaśśeri Bhaṭṭatiri. This paper aims at retrieving Uddaṇḍa’s valuable and often unbiased insights of Kerala, which are often overlooked in popular perceptions of him. As a sensitive author who recorded his impressions on crossing the geographical boundaries of his native land to reach Kerala, his firsthand accounts of great cities, centres of learning, famous temples, food habits and festivals, such as Ōṇaṃ of Kerala, that can be found in his works are really worth probing.

„I-nternet” i „Wikiped-ja, ja, ja…”. Sieć jako obszar badań autobiograficznych

Author(s): Paweł Wolski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2020

Based on the premise that blog constitutes an archetype for „new new media” the Author considers Web 2.0 as a field for autobiographical research. Taking Wikipedia as a representative phenomenon he analyses the issue of authorship of the encyclopaedia’s inputs as well as presents the project of a Glossary of autobiographical terms online based on MediaWiki algorithm.

Trzy słowniki autobiograficzne. Kilka refleksji o przemianach spojrzenia na autobiograficzne praktyki piśmienne

Author(s): Paweł Rodak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2020

The Author discusses three autobiographical dictionaries (two of them are autobiographical in a strict sense of the term, the third one bares a visibly autobiographical approach), each representing a different language as well as founded on various methodological approaches. According to him despite the differences they all prove the ever growing influence of autobiography on both literature and on our everyday experience. The former – the Author concludes – evidences additionally that viewing autobiography as a uniquely a literary term is far too narrow a category.

Trylogia autobiograficzna Moniki Jaruzelskiej, czyli o „feminizmie” w świecie celebrytek

Author(s): Magdalena Piekara / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2020

The question of feminism rarely surfaces in the world of celebrities, but even if it does appear, it is immediately disavowed with a repeatable set of clichés and stereotypes, both linguistic and social. “I love women”, “I don’t want to fight men”, “I like to feel like a woman” and – probably the most absurd of them all – “I like it when man hold the door for me” constitute a fixed set of sentences relating to one’s personal, or rather – by automatic iteration of meaningless phrases – non-personal but situational (and thus well-known and expected) stance on feminism. Against this background, the article examines the autobiography of Monika Jaruzelska (divided into three volumes: Miss companion [Towarzyszka panienka], Family [Rodzina] and Breath [Oddech]), which is especially interesting as she declares herself to be a feminist.

Świadectwo zamknięcia. Korespondencja Anny Moszyńskiej z zakładu dla umysłowo chorych w Pirnie (1850 r.)

Author(s): Julia Wesołowska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2020

Article refers to publication of series of letters which had been written from mental health hospital in Pirna by Anna Moszyńska to her husband, children and friends in 1850. The publication is supplemented by personal diaries, Piotr Moszyński’s letters to his wife and doctors documentation. It was published by The Institute of Literary Research of the Polish Academy of Sciences as a part of „Women’s Archives” research project. Members of the project are concentrating on finding and studying private documents written by Polish women throughout history. Moszyńska’s letters are testimony to her battle with mental illness, isolation and separation from family.

Karmienie niemowląt i ojcowskie emocje w świetle siedemnastowiecznych angielskich źródeł pamiętnikarskich

Author(s): Dorota Guzowska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2020

The article focuses on verbal manifestations of male emotions related to fathers’ participation in infant feeding as described in seventeenth-century English ego-documents. The main aim is to discuss the features of male perception of this aspect of childcare and emphasize religious character of the authors’ emotional experience.

Wirus i pamięć. Wątki mnemoniczne w pamiętnikach z czasów koronawirusa

Author(s): MAŁGORZATA ŁUKIANOW,Mateusz Mazzini / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2020

The paper aims at analyzing mnemonic tendencies arising from data collected as part of the “Pandemic Diaries” competition. The text focuses on the similarities drawn by authors between the COVID-19 pandemic narratives and past events, also including those of which the author did not bear any personal, physical memory or which concerned only a limited group within a Polish society. Authors analyze the collected material in three dimensions: perceiving the coronavirus pandemic as a period of war in which the virus acts as the enemy; national framing of the coronavirus and the pandemic and experiencing material shortages and referring to historical strategies for coping with those. Such a mnemonic construction of pandemic experiences allows individual attitudes to be inscribed in the historical continuity of the entire history of the Polish nation. Thanks to the analogies between their own behavior and the heroic deeds of their ancestors – undefined, unspecified – the authors become the heir of the most heroic chapters of modern history, mainly those related to the struggle for the survival and freedom of the nation and transformed their isolated demeanors into a part of collective experience.

Konkurs „Pamiętniki Pandemii”. Założenia, wyniki, wstępne refleksje

Author(s): Maja Głowacka,Monika Helak,Justyna Orchowska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2020

COVID-19 pandemic is an unprecedented event in the modern times and as such needed to be documented. This paper presents documentation gathered thanks to „Pandemic Diaries” – Polish journal competition on COVID-19 pandemic experience announced in March 2020. The paper presents competition methodology, basic sociodemographic data on diaries’ authors and preliminary analysis of the diaries. The most of the competitors were women, big cities residents and people with tertiary education. The diaries’ authors documented the historic moment of an epidemic threat in the repetitive manner – noting administrative decisions, relations from political life, and description of pandemic social symbols (masks, #stayathome, visuals of empty shelves in the stores). There were significant number of therapeutic journals.