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Bezpieczeństwo zapisane w słowach powieści

Author(s): Krystian Kiszka / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2015

The reflections on the size of the security dimension would not be complete without reference to the cultural level. Stories, myths, fairy tales, including socially acceptable patterns of behavior and interpretations of the surrounding reality, accompanying individuals and societies in moments of transformation. They tame its complexity, giving the ability to adapt to new challenges or transformation based on patterns developed over the centuries. Perhaps the analysis of the past experiences and lessons, just in the times of technological progress and globalization, will enable us to build the security they seek.

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Wybrane aspekty bezpieczeństwa w cyberprzestrzeni

Author(s): Mariusz Pala / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2015

This article provides information about contemporary threats to information security in cyberspace. In the age of universal computerization, worldwide Internet access we are freely to communicate with all the world via instant messengers or e-mail, what gives the access to the most current information. The Internet has become an area of various kinds of abuse. The Internet is used not only by criminals or secret services of many countries, but also terrorists. Terrorism in the traditional sense is a form of protest or struggle, aimed at the achievement of some objective and to attract attention of public opinion or the government. Terrorists use the tools belonging to the collection of illegal methods that are banned by international law and condemned by international organizations. The latest form of terrorist activity is cyberspace activity. Cyberterrorists aim to control the most important sectors and the monopolization of the information access.

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Struktura demograficzna i społeczno-zawodowa mniejszości ukraińskiej w Polsce

Author(s): Magdalena Rudnicka / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2015

The problem of the Ukrainian minority was one of the extremely difficult and yet the most complex in internal politics of the Second Polish Republic. In a multicultural state Ukrainians were the largest group of non-Polish population, which lived in a compact area, in the great mass held national consciousness and found itself under the authority of the Polish government against its will. Attempts to fulfill its demands have become a source of anxiety, evoked fear of separatist tendencies, and violation of borders, as well as introduced concerns about state security. Moreover, in the way of satisfying Ukrainians’ demands stood the economic weakness of the Second Polish Republic and the nationalist attitude of the majority of its population. However, irrespective of nationality policy and despite the limitations in the development of Ukrainians’ national life, undeniable is the fact that in the Second Polish Republic independent judiciary protected property and personal freedom, there were private minority schools, legal, Ukrainian political parties and independent press. This article discusses definitions of: minority and ethnic minority as well as the origins of clusters of the Ukrainian minority in Poland, the number and distribution of Ukrainian population. In addition, article includes an overview of the social and professional structure as well as the legal status of the Ukrainian minority in the Second Polish Republic.

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Zjawisko islamskiego terroryzmu samobójczego kobiet

Author(s): Mateusz Zulczyk / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2015

The direct objective of the suicide bomber is not only to bring their own death, but to cause the largest possible number of casualties among the community of potential adversary. The death of the executive intensifies the feeling of fear, because it shows complete intransigence of bomber and his willingness to submit biggest sacrifice in the form of his life. When planning terrorist attacks, the terrorists are counting primarily on the psychological effect, and it is much greater when made by woman, in many traditional environments identified as vulnerable, fragile, unable to harm. Article aims to describe the phenomenon of female suicide Islamic terrorism, on selected examples that clearly show similarities and differences among female suicide bombers in the various communities.

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Zagrożenie wykluczeniem cyfrowym jako element bezpieczeństwa osobistego Polaków

Author(s): Jadwiga Żuk / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2015

The lack of computer and Internet access is a factor that causes division and, consequently, the digital exclusion. Another important element of this phenomenon is lack of need to use new technologies. The action against digital exclusion is so necessary that it affects the most vulnerable groups: the elderly people, disabled, long-term unemployed, dysfunctional families, as well as residents of villages and small towns. Providing access to the Internet in every place of our country and education of people at risk can have an influence on reducing this negative phenomenon. Social inclusion has the effect of improving the quality of life of individuals, and indirectly affects the socio-economic development of the whole country.

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Болонские решения как регулятивы законодательной деятельности стран Балтии

Author(s): Nikita Nikiforow / Language(s): Russian Issue: 2/2015

The article analyzes result of implementation of Bologna decisions and recommendations into national legislation of Latvia, Lithuania and Estonia. Explored such socially important and mandatory for participant countries Bologna declaration positions as: 1) accessibility of higher education; 2) quality of higher education; 3) higher educational establishments autonomy and academic freedoms; 4) previous education recognition. Evaluation of implementation results was carried out through assessment of the national legislation promotion of intellectual potential development.

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Основные направления международного сотрудничества в сфере высшего образования

Author(s): Nikita Nikiforow,Walerij Nikiforow / Language(s): Russian Issue: 2/2015

International cooperation in the field of higher education is one of the major factors of human development, as the part of international relations. International cooperation is considered at three levels: universal, regional and local. Analyzed: 1) role of International cooperation in the higher educational establishment evolution; 2) quality of higher education in the context of International cooperation; 3) implementation of international educational programs ; 4) international mobility of administration and academic staff.

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Эмпирическое исследование уровня рефлексивности и гибкости поведения учителей средней школы

Author(s): Karina Ostapienko / Language(s): Russian Issue: 2/2015

The publication content includes the description of methodology and results for empirical research of relationship between secondary school teachers reflexivity and flexibility of behavior. The objective of the research is to describe and to explain the relationship character and mechanisms between reflexivity and flexibility of behavior. The materials used: reflectivity level determination method (А.В. Карпов, В.В. Понаморева, 2000); and the scale «flexibility of behavior» from the self-actualization test (САТ) (Personal Orientation Inventory – POI; 1987, E. Shostrom, modified by E. Alyoshina, L. Gozman, M. Zagik, M. Kroz). The selection was defined and reasoned. The achieved empirical data was processed with SPSS 17 software. The results were analyzed and interpreted. Relationship between reflexivity and flexibility of behavior was stated. 80 school teachers were recruited for this research: a group of 30-40-year old people (40 people; age median 37 years) and a group of 50-60-year old people, (40 people; age median 56 years).

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Wojny cybernetyczne jako element niekonwencjonalnej konfrontacji międzypaństwowej. Pragmatyczna rzeczywistość, nieunikniona przyszłość

Author(s): Sławomir Wierzbicki / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2015

The aim of this article is to examine the phenomenon of cyber warfare as part of an unconventional confrontation between states in contemporary international relations. The construction of this study, dictated by an attempt to achieve a response on the above research subject, brought the author to adopt the following structure. The first part of the work presents the development of computer hardware and networks together with visualizing the cyberspace importance. Next, the conditions of this theoretical issues, in particular, the basic determinants categories of network attacks and their classifications are presented. Further, the practical aspects of the application of those attacks are shown, taking a point of view specific casus i.e. Kosovo, China, Estonia, Georgia and Iran. At the end, the cyberwars were under consideration including the differences, similarities and lessons learned for the future.

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Międzynarodowe organizacje przestępcze – typologia, charakterystyka i zwalczanie

Author(s): Mariusz Wódka / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2015

The aim of the article is to present and describe a phenomenon of transnational organized crime. Crime is a complex phenomenon in which you can “control” society and the functioning of organized criminal groups is largely the socio-political-economic activity focused on financial benefits. For the sake of citizens as well as financial and economic security, each state has to create mechanisms safeguarding and protecting against these practices. This requires close cooperation between national and international institutions appointed to counteracting and combating transnational criminal groups.

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Covid-19 Crisis Impact on Leadership: Innovation, Digitalization and CSR Dimensions

Author(s): Corina Georgiana ȘERBAN (PATRINTAS),Andreea-Nicoleta Bichel,Denisa ȚĂRANU,Dragos Bujor / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2023

While the World strives to adapt to the changes called forward by the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, leaders everywhere had to re-arrange their objectives, priorities, and style in order to create a new working environment reality capable to answer to post-pandemic requirements. The current paper analyses the impact of the crisis on leadership through a tridimensionality of aspects that have most soundly shifted in the last years: innovation, digitalization, and CSR dimensions. The qualitative study was performed through the in-depth interview technique on a sample of 14 executives of big enterprises from Romania. It has been concluded that the crisis has promoted an opportunity for leadership transformation by creating a new digital collaboration system with their teams with a continuing focus on innovation and sustainability, by also keeping in mind the wellbeing of future generations.

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УПРАВЛЕНИЕ НА МИГРАЦИЯТА

Author(s): Diana Sabotinova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 01 BG/2024

This article discusses the integrated framework to maximize the development impacts of cross-border movements on both destination and origin countries and on migrants and refugees themselves. The framework it offers, drawn from labor economics and international law, rests on a “match and motive” matrix that focuses on two factors: how closely migrants' skills and attributes match the needs of destination countries and what motives underlie their movements. This approach enables policy makers to distinguish between different types of movements and to design migration policies for each. International cooperation will be critical to the effective governance of migration.

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ИНТЕГРАТИВНИ МОДЕЛИ ЗА САМООЦЕНКА И РАЗВИТИЕ НА МЕКИ КОМПЕТЕНЦИИ: ВЛИЯНИЕ ВЪРХУ ПРОФЕСИОНАЛНАТА РЕАЛИЗАЦИЯ НА СТУДЕНТИ

Author(s): Nikola Tanakov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 01 BG/2024

The present study aims to analyze the integrative models for self-evaluation and their impact on the development of soft competences, as a key factor for the professional realization of students in the modern context of the dynamic labor market. In conditions of globalization and technological progress, the possibility of successful integration of graduates in the professional environment is directly related to the development of their soft skills, which include, but are not limited to, communication skills, emotional intelligence, critical thinking and teamwork. The research applied a mixed method involving quantitative and qualitative approaches to collect data from surveys and semi-structured interviews with students from different disciplines. The results of the analysis reveal that the integration of self-assessment tools in the learning process not only increases students' self- awareness about their own abilities and weaknesses, but also has a positive impact on their motivation and engagement in the learning process. The results so far indicate that students who actively participate in soft skills development programs demonstrate significant advantages in finding a job and adapting to the professional environment. Furthermore, the research highlights the importance of feedback and mentoring in the learning context, which further enhances the process of self-evaluation and self-development.

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ЕМПИРИЧЕН АНАЛИЗ НА ВЪЗПРОИЗВОДСТВЕНИТЕ НАГЛАСИ НА МЛАДОТО НАСЕЛЕНИЕ НА БЪЛГАРИЯ – ДЕМОГРАФСКИ ПОТЕНЦИАЛИ И ПРЕДИЗВИКАТЕЛСТВА

Author(s): Desislava Botseva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 02 BG/2024

This study explores the reproductive attitudes of the young population in Bulgaria and examines the trends in birth rates over the period 2013-2023, with a focus on the determinants of reproductive behavior. The research utilizes a combination of empirical data collected through a survey, alongside official statistics from the National Statistical Institute. The primary objective is to investigate the motivating and constraining factors that influence the decision to start a family and to identify key trends in the country's demographic development. The analysis reveals that while there is a predominance of positive attitudes toward family formation, the decision to have children remains strongly shaped by critical socio-economic factors. The study also underscores the need for regionally differentiated research that considers local socio-economic conditions and cultural specificities affecting reproductive intentions. The findings highlight the importance of developing empirically grounded demographic policies to address the challenges of declining birth rates and evolving social attitudes. Strategic approaches and policy mechanisms should be based on comprehensive analysis and an integrated framework, aimed at providing economic support and a stable social environment for young families.

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ЕМПИРИЧНО ИЗСЛЕДВАНЕ НА МОДЕЛИ ЗА САМООЦЕНКА И ТЯХНОТО ВЪЗДЕЙСТВИЕ ВЪРХУ РАЗВИТИЕТО НА МЕКИ КОМПЕТЕНЦИИ И ПРОФЕСИОНАЛНАТА АДАПТИВНОСТ НА СТУДЕНТИ

Author(s): Nikola Tanakov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 02 BG/2024

In today's educational environment, increased attention to the development of soft skills and professional adaptability is becoming increasingly important to prepare students for the dynamic labor market. With the increasing importance of soft skills for successful professional realization, the study examines how different approaches to self-assessment - individual, group and digitally assisted - contribute to the improvement of key competencies such as communication, emotional intelligence, teamwork and the ability to adapt to a dynamic work environment.

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СТРАТЕГИИ ЗА ЗАДЪРЖАНЕ НА ТАЛАНТЛИВИТЕ СЛУЖИТЕЛИ В ОРГАНИЗАЦИЯТА

Author(s): Galina Kurteva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 02 BG/2024

As the economy evolves in the 21st century, organizations increasingly need skilled human resources that have the knowledge, capacity and motivation to contribute to the realization of organizational goals. Therefore, the question of attracting qualified and competent employees requires an effort on the part of organisations to offer a working environment that creates the conditions for good employees to develop their potential and, in this sense, satisfies their requirements. This is one of many factors in retaining talented employees. This paper discusses some possible managerial influences on individual talent work behaviour in the organisation.

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Odrębne światy. Katecheci szkół średnich powiatu brzeskiego w okresie ofensywy ideologicznej

Author(s): Izabela Nadolnik / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2016

Religia jako przedmiot nauczania od wieków zajmowała ważne miejsce w polskim szkolnictwie. Przemiany ustrojowe, które nastąpiły po zakończeniu drugiej wojny światowej, spowodowały głębokie przeobrażenia w oświacie. Proces rugowania religii ze szkół charakteryzował się zmienną dynamiką. W takiej rzeczywistości szczególnego charakteru nabierała działalność katechetów. Na terenie powiatu brzeskiego bezpośrednio po wojnie funkcjonowało sześć szkół średnich. Praca tutejszych księży-nauczycieli koncentrowała się w tym czasie wokół nauczania religii, podtrzymywania w szkołach katolickich tradycji oraz oporu i sprzeciwu wobec agresywnej polityki laicyzacji młodzieży. Stopniowo jednak ich aktywność ustępować musiała pod naporem komunistycznego terroru. Znaczącą rolę w przeciwstawianiu się procesowi ateizacji szkół odegrał biskup tarnowski Jan Stepa, zaś do grona najbardziej zasłużonych katechetów brzeskich, oddanych sprawom nauczania i wychowania młodzieży należeli ks. Stanisław Pękała oraz ks. Edward Limanówka.

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Kształtowanie się powojennych społeczności regionalnych na Ziemiach Odzyskanych w świetle pamiętników, relacji i wspomnień osadników z terenu Ziemi Głogowskiej

Author(s): Marek Robert Górniak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2016

Przedmiotem niniejszego artykułu jest prezentacja zbioru pamiętników, relacji i wspomnień wydanych w latach 2006–2015 w ramach serii publikacji ukazujących powojenne dzieje Dolnego Śląska, a szczególnie Ziemi Głogowskiej. Punktem wyjścia do podjętej charakterystyki życia ludzi, którzy zasiedlili Ziemie Odzyskane były wydarzenia 1945 r. Jednocześnie zestawiając losy tych osób, nie pomijano ich przeżyć z okresu ii wojny światowej.Różne były losy i przeżycia Polaków, którzy po 1945 r. zasiedlili Ziemie Odzyskane, w tym także Ziemię Głogowską. W gronie osadników znaleźli się ekspatrianci, ludzie wypędzeni z Ziem Wschodnich, deportowani podczas wojny przez władze radzieckie, oraz przesiedleńcy z centralnej Polski, o różnym pochodzeniu społecznym i rozmaitych profesjach.Każda z omawianych w ramach serii relacji jest unikalna i ma wyjątkowe walory, zawierając m.in. wiele cennych informacji ukazujących różne drogi, którymi mieszkańcy tego regionu zmierzali do swojej nowej „małej ojczyzny”. Ponadto wspomnienia stanowią nieocenione źródło opisu życia codziennego, postaw mentalnych, procesu zakorzeniania się Polaków na tych ziemiach oraz pozwalają odtworzyć lokalną specyfi kę i klimat społeczny lat powojennych.W latach 1945–1950 na Ziemi Głogowskiej nie było ludności jednolitej pod względem etniczno-kulturowym, a proces integracyjny przebiegał wolno. Tworzenie nowych więzi społecznych dokonywało się tu w trzech etapach. Na początku w okresie zasiedlania Ziem Odzyskanych dochodziło do separatyzmu, wynikającego z różnic pochodzenia regionalnego osadników (m.in. różne tradycje i wizje funkcjonowania zbiorowości). Drugi etap integracji i adaptacji (przebiegający do 1958 r.) charakteryzował się stopniowym zanikiem różnic kulturowych, przenikaniem różnorodnych kultur regionalnych oraz pojawieniem się poczucia przywiązania do tych ziem. Kolejny, trzeci etap (nastąpił po 1958 r.) zakończył pojawianie się wątpliwości o tymczasowości przynależności tych ziem do Polski i doprowadził do upodobnienia się tego obszaru do reszty kraju.Wspomnienia powojenne dają wieloaspektowy obraz powojennej rzeczywistości, wnoszą więc ważną cząstkę do dorobku powojennej polskiej historiografii Ziemi Głogowskiej, a szerzej Ziem Zachodnich.

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Kresy Wschodnie II RP kulturowym fundamentem biografii oraz duszpastersko-pedagogicznej i społecznej misji ks. Henryka Nowika (XX–XXI w.)

Author(s): Ryszard Małachowski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2017

Artykuł dotyczy ks. dr. Henryka Nowika urodzonego w 1933 r., w polskiej rodzinie religijnej i patriotycznej. Najpierw ministrant, w 1951 r. przyjęty do Wyższego Seminarium Duchownego w Gorzowie Wielkopolskim, w 1957 r. przyjął święcenia kapłańskie. W 1958 r. podjął studia filozoficzne na Katolickim Uniwersytecie Lubelskim. W 1966 r. uzyskał stopień naukowy doktora filozofii. Pełniąc funkcję proboszcza, prowadził działalność społeczno-patriotyczną. Na gruncie duszpastersko-wychowawczym: kapłańskim, społeczno-politycznym, jako kapelan, brał udział w protestach robotników polskich, był doradcą i kapelanem chłopów, inspirował obronę życia poczętego, duszpasterstwo pątnicze rolników. Ks. Nowik, „arystokrata ducha”, wrażliwy moralnie człowiek, uczony (teolog, biolog, filozof, pedagog), asceta, człowiek ducha modlitwy. Ukryta osobowość mistyczna, odznaczająca się nieczęsto spotykaną kulturą intelektualną i moralną. Zaangażowany w prace na rzecz „Ojczyzny”, Kościoła katolickiego, człowieka i społeczeństwa. Mimo ofensywy dyktatury relatywizmu w XX i XXI w. zaangażował do działalności kulturotwórczej setki oddanych Ojczyźnie i Kościołowi Polaków, w tym młodzież akademicką”. Dlatego w opinii społeczności Dolnego Śląska jest wzorem kapłana, podobnym do śp. Kardynała Stefana Wyszyńskiego, wielką osobowością, spowiednikiem i duszpasterzem-wychowawcą, krzewicielem historycznego ethosu Kresów Wschodnich i Zachodnich, patriotą, kontynuatorem i współtwórcą polskiej kultury narodowej, a przy tym wybitnym społecznikiem, godnym naśladowania przez ludzi świeckich i duchownych.

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EU Funds for Digitalization. The Post-COVID Strategies and Outcomes of Romania

Author(s): Marian OANCEA / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2024

This article analyzes the use of European Union money to promote digitization in Romania, particularly in the aftermath of the COVID-19 outbreak. It describes the current digital landscape, identifies significant areas for development, and assesses the impact of EU funding on improving digital infrastructure and literacy. The study evaluates Romania's development in relation to other EU member states and makes recommendations for making the best use of available money to bridge the digital divide and promote economic growth.

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