Die Revolte der Psychologie (Бунтът на психологията)

Author(s): Krasimira Yonkova / Language(s): German Issue: 1/2016

The article presents the idea of the critical psychological approach in order to reformulate the theoretical perspectives of traditional western psychology. Grounded is the necessity of cardinal methodological transformation of the conventional paradigm by focusing on transpersonal mental regulators of thinking and behavior, both individually and collectively. The fundamental difference is shown which characterizes critics of ethnic, political and historical rationalism. Explained are the interpretetional mechanisms of massive social, political and historycal facts in the discourse of a more modern and authentic crosscultural psychology.

Сравнителен анализ на конструкта „индивидуализъм – колективизъм” при български и руски студенти

Author(s): Velislava Chavdarova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2016

This article presents a comparative analysis of the individualism collectivism continuum in a sample of Bulgarian and Russian students. The conclusions are reached utilizing the methodology for measuring terminal values developed by Milton Rokeach. The patterns established by this research are related to the direction and level of transformation in the value systems in those two countries as well as the factors, which define them.

Психология на личната сигурност

Author(s): Deyan Hadzhiyski / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2018

This article refers to some psychological aspects of personal security as a subjective experience. It supports the idea that psychologically, personal security is a subjective state that is little influenced by reality. In this sense, it is a phenomenological construct and depends on innate qualities and experience-acquired dispositions. Experiencing personal security is a complex result of emotional and cognitive processing. In many cases, experiencing personal security is determined by the agent role of the Еgo. Some psychopathological disorders can also lead to a sense of danger.

Восточные системы саморазвития как компонент социальной среды в условиях современной культур

Author(s): Elena Korotkina,Mariya Danilina / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/2018

Социологически разрез на толерантността в студентска среда

Author(s): Lyudmila Grybova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2018

A sociological survey was conducted at Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridsky”, in which a specially developed questionnaire was aimed at revealing the intracommunity and multicultural tolerance among the students. Subject of the survey was the way the students assessed the extent of their tolerance to other peoples’ opinion, ethnical, religious identity and racial background, as well as the attitude of the students to the minority religious communities, existing in Bulgaria and to the migrants. The results of the survey show that a tolerant attitude is formed and prevails among the students with respect to different: opinion, ethnic groups, races and cultures. The respondents showed respect to the cultural traditions of the ethnic minorities and support for their preservation. However, the survey shows a lower tolerance of the students to the Roma minority and the Muslim communities, including the Muslim migrants.

Ранномодерните университети като интелектуална институция

Author(s): Vihren Bouzov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2018

In the Early Modern Times the universities have been free corporations of teachers and students, based on federal democratic principles and universal values in the organization of student’s training and scientific research. Therefore they become a motor of social evolution and transformation. The problems of their construction and establishment, the key participants in this process and the social prestige and connections of these institutions have been outlined in the paper. Philosophy has been presented as a core of the humanist movement and a basis of educational strategies of great importance. The present-existing crisis of the university education could be interpreted as a result of underestimation of the

Socio-psychological factors regulating the learning motivation in foreign students

Author(s): Valeria Suslova / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2019

This study examined the relationship of learning motivation in foreign students with the process of their socio-cultural adaptation and individual psychological characteristics. The concept of “learning motivation” was clarified and the factors hindering the process of forming the learning motivation in foreign students in the Ukrainian-speaking environment were analysed. It was expected that learning motivation in foreign students has its own specifics and differs from the level and dynamics of this motivation in Ukrainian students. In addition, the author examined the differences in correlations between the learning motivation, level of self-esteem, level of aspirations, acculturation strategies, and the scale of perceived discrimination among the foreign and Ukrainian students. Students of Odessa universities (40 Ukrainian host society members and 34 immigrants to Ukraine) participated in the questionnaire study. The findings revealed that the main learning motives in foreign students include intrapersonal motives and the motives for acquiring knowledge, mastering a profession and getting a diploma. International students are quite susceptible to the influence of assessments by teachers, which can be used to increase their learning motivation.

Социална интеракция и себеидентификация на детето в подготвителната група на детската градина

Author(s): Sofia Dermendjieva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2019

This article highlights the early years of the individual’s life as a key period of substantial changes in which the integration of the child with the surrounding reality takes place. The complex path of child development and growth is manifested as a dialectical and objective organization when the individual begins to understand both his / her individuality and membership in the social community when he / she can think, feel and act more to human, not at a personal (ego-protective) level. It is precisely because of this tendency that the discovery and acceptance of the society outlines one of the main problems in the processes of child development.

Хистерията в психоанализата – от симптома до дискурса. (Хистеричката и психоаналитикът – една (не)любовна история)

Author(s): Milena Motsinova-Brachkova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2020

Hysteria offers a particularly appropriate discourse for bringing out the unconscious, since its symptoms show how, through conversion, mental suffering manifests itself as bodily. Analytical work creates a transfer clinic and relies on a specific use of the word, which leads to unexpected findings.The development of the psychoanalytic approach today makes it clear that in order to understand hysteria, it must not be equated with femininity. The main issue of the hysterical subject is actually the issue of gender difference. Lacanian psychoanalysis introduces the idea of giving up the body in hysteria and associates the hysterical symptom with a lack of identification.

Православная «мистика» в отечественной духовно-академической философии ХІХ века

Author(s): Natalia Mozghovaya / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/2020

The article is devoted to the analysis of such a spiritual phenomenon in the history of Russian philosophy as its spiritual-academic branch, represented in the ХІХ century by the scientific and pedagogical activity of philosophy professors of four academies of the Russian Empire: St. Petersburg, Moscow, Kiev and Kazan. On the example of the Kiev and Moscow Academies, the unique features of this philosophy, manifested in the desire of their most prominent representatives P. Avsenev and F. Golubinskiy to combine elements of Orthodox “mysticism” with elements of European rationalist philosophy, have been considered. In the work of these representatives of spiritual and academic philosophy, mystical and scholastic traditions are combined. Both philosophers were distinguished by an extremely increased interest in mystical literature, in the sphere of everything irrational, in the phenomena of somnambulism, sleepwalking, and clairvoyance. They retained the glory of strange and mysterious thinkers. By virtue of the last argument, the author has turned to their work and tried to compare some features of their philosophical views.

Психологически особености на моделите на саморегулираното учене

Author(s): Yoana Yankulova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2020

This theoretical review presents classic and modern attempts to define and interpret self-regulated learning by identifying its more important essential and differential characteristics. All this is done in the light of the shifting focus of scientific analysis from individual learning abilities and the impact of the environment as “fixed” wholes, to manifestations of initiative, perseverance, active commitment and self-regulation designed to enhance personal well-being, academic performance and improve the organization of learning and self-preparation. Specifically, individual psychological aspects are presented in three of the most popular models of self-regulated learning, developed respectively by В. Zimmerman, M. Boekaerts, P. Pintrich.

Езикът в процеса на стигматизация на лица с увреждания

Author(s): Anna Roydeva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2020

This study aims to trace the relationship between language usage and disability stigma positioning them in the context of terminology changes.

Russians and poles: mutual stereotypes in historical projection

Author(s): Tatiana Smolina,Alla Aleksandrovna Melnikova / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2020

The present article compares how Russians and Poles view themselves and how they view each other. People of different cultures tend to develop general characteristics of other neighbouring cultural groups. These generalizations are usually regarded as stereotypes in both everyday discourse and in social science tradition. The content of stereotypical perceptions in Polish and Russian culture is the main focus of this work. The study analyzes the relations between these cultures by and explores their national characteristics using historical and literature sources as well as sociological data.

Предмет, цели и задачи на методика на обучението по философия

Author(s): Milen Marinov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2020

This article discusses with the subject matter, goals and objectives of the methodology of teaching philosophy.

Ментални растројства кај децата и адолесцентите за време на КОВИД-19

Author(s): Vangelica Gavrilova / Language(s): Macedonian Issue: 1/2021

Pandemic is a challenge for every family, but it is difficult in particular to those families with children facing mental health problems. Social isolation, physical absence from school and daily routines, as well as the fear of losing a loved family member are some of the biggest stress factors that children face. They feel new worries, such as whether they will bring home the virus and make someone in the family sick, or they may face stress due to changes in school routines and not hanging out with classmates. Some children may want to avoid school because of experienced peer mockery or because they are struggling with their mental health at school, whereas others may experience anxiety and fear of parting with friends.

Връзката мултимодалност – мултиграмотност и проекциите ѝ в предучилищното образование

Author(s): Sofia Dermendzhieva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2021

The study of the „information environment – person“relationship is becoming an increasingly important focus in the research repertoire. The informatization of the social environment is not an isolated phenomenon – it is interpreted as one of the functional characteristics of modern society. Although the „child-to-media environment“ relationship has been the subject of numerous studies, it is still attracting scientific interest. This interest is focused mainly on the specifics of the development of the modern child. Defining the multimedia environment as mediating individual socialization focuses on the multimodal functioning of new technologies. Taking into account this fact requires a new type of organization of the educational environment, aimed at the early development of multiliteracy for orientation in the processes of information and communication in the changing world.

Левичарството и трудностите в ученето

Author(s): Haido Tsaruha / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2021

Reading and writing are the initial stages of school education, without mastering which it is especially difficult, even impossible, to freely follow any educational system. The topic of learning difficulties has only begun to concern specialists in the last twenty years. Thus, going back to the past, we find that the problem of learning difficulties, although existing, did not concern specialists before the end of our century. The establishment and legalization of compulsory education has revealed a series of problems, including difficulties in education, ie. Problems in learning, transmission and behavior that lead to adverse consequences both in school, in the family environment and mainly in the psycho-emotional development and balanced integration of the child in society.

Съвременни подходи за обучение на деца с обучителни трудности – единство на индивидуалната педагогическа, корекционно-логопедична и психологическа дейности

Author(s): Haido Tsaruha / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2021

The term „special educational abilities“ refers to children whose educational needs arise from disabilities, dysfunctions or learning difficulties. In addition to the classical methods of training and education, they also need specially oriented methods for educational impact and training, corresponding to the needs for the formation, recovery and improvement of impaired functions.Children with special educational needs need daily relationships and contacts with normal children. In this way, children with learning difficulties are provided with an environment to achieve the main goal - the formation of their socially adaptive behavior. At the heart of this approach is integration. The integration process must be bilateral. On the one hand, to include work on the socialization of children with disabilities in their usual environment, and on the other - to change the attitude of the environment, respectively the attitudes of people towards them. School integration implies enriching the environment for children with SEN, applying a system of measures to provide them with the necessary educational services in the general education system, to meet their needs, desires, interests and aspirations in such a way as to achieve the greatest possible their effective education and development.

Възможни интервенции при преход от присъствено към виртуално водене на обучителни групи

Author(s): Ivan Ivanov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2022

The article analyzes the process of group-dynamic change and the way of leading a training group in the transition from an on-site to a virtual form of work. This change is analyzed in the form of a case study, which describes the specifics of the pandemic crisis and the need to move to a virtual form of leadership. The change in the group dynamics is commented on, and the interventions of leaders are described, which make the crisis functioning more adaptable and functional in relation to the task of the training group.

Комуникация в денталната практика: пропедевтичен тренинг

Author(s): Ivanka Vasileva,Boyko Bonev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2022

Communication can be defined as the process of sharing ideas, experiences, attitudes and knowledge by transmission of symbolic messages. Dental medicine is an area where technical skills are not the only prerequisites for being a good health care provider. Soft skills, such as active listening to the patient, appropriate verbal and non-verbal communication, empathy, and respecting ethical rules significant in the dentist–patient communication process. Consequently, they influence patients’ attitudes, satisfaction, and ongoing health-related behaviour. Therefore, a training course on communication skills has been introduced at the Faculty of Dental Medicine of the Medical University in Sofia. The aim is to improve students’ soft skills, and form a behavioural design pattern concerning dentist–patient interactions.