The Role of Nodal Centers in Achieving Balanced Regional Development

Author(s): Vedran Živanović / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2017

Uneven regional development is characteristic of a large part of the society, from micro to macro regional level. One of the ways of overcoming this problem is effective spatial and functional connection of the largest nodal centers of the region, among themselves and with the settlements in the gravitational sphere. The paper analyzes the spatial and functional impact of nodal centers in the Serbian part of Banat. This region is located in Vojvodina Province, Northern Serbia. Nodal centers are presented as poles of convergence of the population and functions, from which development impacts — the main factors of socio-economic transformation of the region — are spreading out. The paper also deals with the possibilities for achieving balanced regional development presented through the prism of the functional impact of nodal centers in that process. Nodal (functional) region is a theoretical basis of the work. Also, the nodal region is a starting point of functional-process paradigm, resulting from modern processes which change the structure of space by their functional influence. Functional–process paradigm is one of the basic characteristics of modern regional geography.

NOMENCLATURE OF STATISTICAL TERITORIAL UNITS: POSSIBILITIES OF APPLICATION IN SERBIA

Author(s): Darko Vuković,Ana Jovanović,Nebojša Zakić,Svetlana Vukotić / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2011

NUTS classification of territorial units is a framework for presenting a standardized statistical data in geographical areas throughout the European Union (EU). The main purpose of the NUTS classification of geographic areas is to provide a framework for collecting and publishing standardized statistical information, which can be used for the analysis, as well as a framework for European policy initiative. According to the NUTS classification geographic areas are divided according to different hierarchical levels: NUTS 1 is the largest territorial unit, which includes territorial group of 3 to 7 million inhabitants. NUTS 2 has a range of 800 thousand to 3 million and NUTS 3 has a range of 150 to 800 thousand inhabitants. Serbia has classified their regions according to NUTS 2 classification, because this classification is adequate for institutional support in Serbia. NUTS 1 and NUTS 3 classification are less applicable in Serbia due to inadequate institutional support, lack of political will or the high costs of regionalization.

CENTRAL AND PERIPHERIAL REGIONS – A TOPICAL PROBLEM IN REGIONAL POLICY

Author(s): Maria Shishmanova / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2010

The importance of the regions in the European political and social-economic processis growing still further. The central and peripheral regions are related with regional imbalance inits capacity of structural characteristics of the EU. With each accession to the union the number ofproblematic regions constantly increases. This fact imposes the necessity of studying the disparitiesin the development of the central regions and the periphery with the aim of formulating an optimalapproach to the stimulation of the latter by outlining the new role of the “local interested parties” fordetermining the future of the respective territory. The theoretical grounds of the policy towards thecentral and peripheral regions have been considered. On the example of Bulgaria these two types ofregions are analyzed and models have been proposed for territorial development.

REGIONAL COMPETITIVENESS: THE CASE OF WESTERN CHINA

Author(s): Darko Vuković,Li Wei / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2010

This paper explains the concept of regional competitiveness and the factors that influenceon it. A large number of various authors explain this concept, based on its different aspects, including:productivity, mikroaspekts (firm), quality of human capital, innovation, technology, infrastructure,social capital, etc.. Taking into account complex nature of regional competitiveness, it is difficultto determine a standard definition of this term. The second part of this paper refers to the case ofwestern China. Substantial disparity in regional development is a reality in every geographicallylarge country, and the causes of the disparity are numerous and complex. Regional inequalityhas been an important issue in China. This paper generally summarized China’s Western regionsgeography, government policies and development situation. The authors put forward some practicalstrategies on how to help the western regions create a favorable environment to attract national andinternational investment.

Krajobraz pogranicza – konceptualizacja pojęcia

Author(s): Tomasz Grzyb / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2019

In the article author accomplished a complex overview of historical and contemporary opinions of geographers on the essence of two phenomena: landscape and borderland. The overview served as a basis of author’s own definition of the term „borderland landscape” that synthesizes most essential conceptual strands of both of elaborated phenomena.

Raznolikost i ugroženost travnjaka Nacionalnog parka Sjeverni Velebit

Author(s): Antun Alegro,Vedran Šegota / Language(s): English,Croatian Issue: 1/2019

The grasslands of the Northern Velebit National Park are for the most part not a primary type of vegetation, however, they came about as a consequence of human activity by deforestation,burning, grazing and mowing. This process began several millennia ago and has continuously maintained the balance between the forest and grasslands, and it has resulted in a greater biodiversity than what would have been in the untouched natural state. In the second half of the 20th century, traditional seasonal transhumant vertical migrations of people and livestock from Podgorje to the Velebit summer pastures were discontinued as a consequence of the great depopulation of Podgorje, which today is the least populated region in Croatia. Studies of the vegetation of the grasslands within the park during 2009 and 2010 indicated the large diversity of the grasslands which differ from one another depending on the above sea level altitude, relief of the terrain, features of the soil, influence of the wind and the former usage of the land. Succession, in other words, the encroachment of the grassland areas by woody and shrubby species was noted over almost all types of grassland, however, the intensity of the succesion and also the species which grow depend on the type of grassland. Succession is significantly slower on grasslands in the upper zones than on grasslands of the littoral slopes, due to the shorter vegetation period, the harsher climate, the exposure to the strong bura wind and wider grasslands which under hihger succession pressure than the smaller, fragmented grasslands that we come across at the lower altitudes. The conservation of grasslands would have to be a priority for the park’s management, because besides the exceptional biodiversity, the grasslands also tell us about the history of the whole region, the way of life, the economy and the movements, and makes up an essential and immeasurable important part of both the natural and cultural heritage.

Premužićeva staza na Velebitu u povodu njezine 80. obljetnice

Author(s): Željko Poljak / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 1/2013

Povijesni pregled ronjenja u dubokim jamama Hrvatske

Author(s): Vlado Božić / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 1/2010

Cave diving is the most challenging of speleological activities. In Croatia cave diving began in 1959 in the Veternica cave near Zagreb. To dive in deep caves firstly means descending into caverns and then diving. In Croatia diving was carried out only in few deep caves which were also made deeper by diving. Diving was carried out as free diving and with dive apparatus, in wet and dry suits. Deep caverns, deeper than 200m, in which diving has increased their depthsare: Ponor u Klepinoj dulibi 1 (-238 m), Ponor u Klepinoj Dulibi 2 or PKD2 (-254 m), both in central Velebit, sinkhole of Punar in Luka (-350 m) east of Gračac, the cave system of Lukina Hole – Trojama (-1421 m) in north Velebit and the newly discovered cave on Crnopac (-512 m).

TRAGOVI OLEDBE NA SREDNJEM VELEBITU

Author(s): Andrija Bognar,Sanja Faivre,Josip Pavelić / Language(s): English,Croatian,German Issue: 1/1997

The author of this article deals with the problem of glacial deposits and their ttraces on the central part of Velebit. He, by taking into consideration a great number of works about glaciers and the conception of glacial period and, by analyzing the ideas therefrom, offers also his observations and conclusions. So, he concentrates on the question of relief predisposition for the evolution of glaciers and treats also climatic peculiarities of Velebit during Quartemary period and of morphological traces of glacial deposits. He, at the end, draws a conclusion that relief relations on central Velebit, beside low temperature conditions and abundance of the snow precipitations in the course of Pleistocene, were very favourable predisposition for the development of glaciation on that region.

Ороними Србије - Четврти део: Ћ-Ш

Author(s): Zvezdana Pavlović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 25/2018

Caracteristicile geologice si geomorfologice ale Vaii Trotusului

Author(s): Florin-Ionuţ Cozma / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 10/2021

Le travail soulève des aspects complexes du relief structurel et pétrographique dans notre pays. Structurellement, toutes les unités tectoniques se présentent sous forme de syncsaux, d’anticlinaux ou même de plis-écailles. Le soulagement est le résultat de la longue interaction entre les facteurs d’origine interne et externe. Une caractéristique importante du relief, avec une influence sur les conditions d’habitation est la disposition du relief par incréments, avec différentes altitudes.

МОЛИН – СЕЛО КОЈЕ ЈЕ НЕСТАЛО ИЗ СРЕДЊЕГ БАНАТА

Author(s): Svetlana Madić / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2015

In the area of central Banat, the municipality of Nova Crnja, village of Molinexisted until the mid-20th century. Specifically, the village existed until 1957, when itwas forced to displace. The village and municipality Molidorf (Molin) was founded byCount Ferraris with his wife in 1833, settling exclusively German immigrants. Molin is oneof the few villages in the Banat which disappeared after World War II. The cause of thisforced displacement is high groundwater, which is in some parts of village area only 1.1 m below the surface. The most critical were the lowest points of the village where groundwater was only 0.5 m below the surface. Due to the extremely high rainfall in 1955, andlong-term retention of snow cover at the beginning of 1956 and high rainfall in June of the same year, floods in that year were great. According to the latest census in 1953, thevillage of Molin had 1,121 inhabitants.

РАЗВОЈ, СТАЊЕ И ПЕРСПЕКТИВЕ УРБАНЕ ГЕОГРАФИЈЕ СА ПОСЕБНИМ ОСВРТОМ НА СРБИЈУ

Author(s): Dragica R. Gatarić,Bojan Đerčan / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 181/2022

Urban geography is a complex and synthetic geographical discipline, which makes an immeasurable contribution to the integral and interactive perception of geographical elements and factors that have influenced the formation and transformation of settlement-geographical features. The first papers containing urban-geographical content appeared in the first half of the 19th century, but since urbanization became a worldwide process in the 20th century, it can be stated that urban geography became a geographical discipline in the 20th century. Contemporary urban development contributed to the affirmation of urban geography as an independent scientific discipline, where object of study is not only the city within its administrative boundaries, but also urban expansion (urbanization). Today, urban geography has evolved into a complex geographical discipline, where theoretical and methodological roots of knowledge corpus related to the phenomenon of the city have been shaped by an interdisciplinary approach between geography and other sciences that study the city from different theoretical and methodological angles. With the increase in the number of inhabitants in the world, cities have become “magnets” of economic, socio-cultural and political processes. They are increasingly studied from a global perspective, while urban geography is becoming the main focus of research. In other higher education institutions in Europe, urban geography is established as a special scientific discipline. However, although it has a wide and complex subject of study and occupies a very important place in various types of social practice, urban geography is still studied in Serbia within its mainstream subject – Geography of settlements.

IMPROVEMENT OF METHODOLOGY FOR ASSESSING HOUSING AFFORDABILITY BASED ON REGIONAL CHARACTERISTICS

Author(s): Ekaterina V. KASHINA,Irina A. SAENKO,Elena V. KRELINA,Valeria V. PUKHOVA,Olga R. TOLOCHKO / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2022

The article proposes to improve the methodology for assessing the affordability of housing for the population by expanding and clarifying the factors that influence the PTI. On the basis of logical-a priori analysis, the main factors that could affect the value of the PTI in the Russian Federation and the Siberian Federal District were identified, using the methods of correlation-regression analysis, the strength of the relationship between the identified factors and the effective indicator of the PTI was estimated. It is proposed to improve the methodology for assessing the affordability of housing in the Russian Federation and the regions of the Siberian Federal District by supplementing it with factors that were not previously considered, considering the calculations performed and the obtained values of the sensitivity of these factors on the PTI. The proposed methodology is based on an assessment of the effectiveness of factors affecting the PTI, as well as the transition from using average per capita incomes to median incomes, considering the size of the household

Tatry – bezkresne i zamieszkiwane, niszczone i chronione. O antynomiach przestrzeni górskiej w pismach Jana Gwalberta Pawlikowskiego

Author(s): Elżbieta Dutka / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2022

O lice ziemi (For the Face of the Earth) – the collection of writings by Jan Gwalbert Pawlikowski, published in 1938, is interesting not only for historical reasons and as a reference point for contemporary ecological movements. A hybrid work (in which the subject of the Tatra Mountains occupies an important place) also encourages literary research using the tools suggested by geopoetics. The article analyses how mountains are presented in this volume, focusing on the relationship between geographic space and literature. The precursor of ecology, characterising the Tatra Mountains, draws attention to “space, light, silence”. The “holy trinity” taken from the poems by Kazimierz Tetmajer suggests an open mountain space. At the same time, Pawlikowski writes about the peaks as a home, the closest surroundings, giving them the features of a tamed place. On the other hand, he strongly valorises the limitation of mountain space as a result of modernisation processes negatively. The “beautification” and unrestricted access to the Tatra Mountains related to the development of tourism and skiing raised his objection. The effect is the literal transformation of the mountains into a “playground” and the reduction of symbolic meanings, reducing the peaks to a “pile of stones”. Paradoxically, however, closing the mountain space also turns out to be a necessity. The necessary restrictions are related to the idea of creating a national park in the Tatra Mountains, for which Pawlikowski fought. Numerous antinomies, contrasts and paradoxes dynamise the texture of the mountains in O lice ziemi and encourage a holistic view of the Tatras as a cultural landscape.

Egy rendhagyó kötet ezer arca

Author(s): Kinga Sebestyén / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 08/2023

Székelyföld ezer arca. Erdővidék. Szerk. Csog Orsolya, Deák András, Szõcs Edit, Szõcs Szilárd, Velencei Piroska, Tortoma Kiadó, Barót–Erdõfüle, 2022.

Pępek świata

Author(s): Edwin Bendyk / Language(s): Polish Issue: 818-819/2023

PRESENT-DAY POLICIES CONCERNING INDIGENOUS LANGUAGES IN THE AMERICAS

Author(s): Krzysztof Ząbecki / Language(s): English Issue: 96/2023

Global changes in policies regarding Indigenous people, observed in the last decades, have had a strong impact on language policies in the Americas. They are aimed at increasing protection of Indigenous languages, especially in countries with a higher number and percentage of Native people and Indigenous language speakers (ILS). However, it is argued in the paper that the scope of these policies is often not adapted to changes in spatial distribution of Autochthonous populations, while their effective implementation in many cases seems outright impossible. The first part of the paper sums up an analysis concerning the number and spatial distribution of Indigenous people and ILS in countries and dependent territories of the Americas. The second part shows the evolution of policies towards Indigenous languages in the Americas from the colonial era to our times. The last part studies spatial aspects of the situation of Indigenous languages in Mexico City, based primarily on qualitative data obtained from interviews and observations carried out during field research. The paper concludes: that a clear progress has been made in language policies in the last decades in the analysed region, especially in Latin America; that there is no obvious difference in the implementation of these policies between unitary and federal states; and that, based on the case of Mexico City, the implementation of a relevant language policy may be seriously hindered by such factors as insufficient financing, political disputes, and a deeply embedded discrimination against Indigenous languages.

CONSIDERAȚII SUMARE ASUPRA HALOTOPONIMIEI ZONELOR SUHEI BUCOVINENE ȘI VICOVULUI DE JOS

Author(s): Vasile Diacon / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 2/2023

The paper presents the salt-related toponyms, also called „halotoponyms”, from the saltwater regions of Bukovina. Their multiplicity and origins in various languages highlight the wide spread of salt sources on the Romanian territory, sometimes giving clues to their exploitation.

System of hydrographic terms of the Zhambyl region

Author(s): Kuat Tabyldinovich Saparov,Zhanna Radievna Shakhantayeva,Aigul Yessengalievna Yeginbayeva / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2023

The article analyzes scientific approaches to the grouping of toponyms according to the geographical principles based on the materials of the Zhambyl region and comprehensively examines hydrographic terms. The importance of the study is due to insufficient work on the hydronymy of the Zhambyl region and the need to develop this direction in Kazakh science. The aim of the study is to group the hydronyms of the Zhambyl region based on geographical principles. The study used cartographic, statistical and GIS methods. Whilst analyzing hydrographic objects, 177 names of rivers were identified which were formed with the participation of indicator terms related to rivers. They were classified and grouped into the most common terms in the names of rivers such as the term sai 57%, the term su 25% and the term ozek 16%.