Dynastické majetky Arpádovcov a kráľovské lesy v strednom Šariši

Author(s): Pavol Hudáček / Language(s): Slovak Issue: 1/2015

Šariš existed within the large county of Novum Castrum (Ujvár) in the 11th – 12th century. In my paper, I attempt to more closely introduce the crucial medieval royal estates of Lipovec and Solivar, which belonged to the domain of Árpád dynasty in 12th – 13th century. They were the part of the royal Šariš forest (sárosi erdőispánság) in the neighborhood of the Slanské Hills. The proof of the existence of the royal Šariš forest can be found in historical sources in which it is mentioned mostly under the Latin term locus venationis or under the local Hungarian names, such as Nerlezhygh, Nyrlezhege, Nyrlyz; Bichachlesi, Bykachleswy, Bykachlesy; Keralzalasa, Kyralzallasa; Hulloudzalasa. All those names and terms suggest the existence of royal hunting lodges which were connected with royal road (via domini regis, magna via, via regalis) that kings used to move from one royal demesne to another. The royal roads linked the royal courts, villages and royal forests, where Hungarian rulers resided mostly because of hunting. On Árpád dynasty lands in middle Šariš, one could fi nd churches or chapels the patrons saint of which were the saints symbolizing the dynasty tradition and the cult of saints from the royal family (Saint Stephen, Saint Imrich and Saint Ladislav). The historical presence of the churches demonstrates that the mentioned estates belonged to Árpád dynasty in the 12th century, if not sooner.

The landscapes of Belgian reconstruction: a balance between modernity and tradition

Author(s): Caterina Franchini / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2014

After World War I, the debate on Belgian reconstruction divided architects. Some claimed that the priority should be the reconstruction of monuments and urban historical centers, others considered the construction of housing more urgent. In the first half of the Twenties, on one hand the well established generation of old architects worked at reconstruction of devastated regions, on the other hand the young „modernist“ generation experimented with the construction of garden-suburbs with low-cost housing. The urban planner and landscaper Louis van der Swaelmen and the modernist architect Victor Bourgeois considered a failure the reconstruction „à l’identique“ and the reconstruction „in style“ that exhibited a sentimentalist and regionalist vision. Indeed, the law on destroyed municipalities (April 8th, 1919) imposed a regional esthetic for reconstruction on pre-existing urbanized sites. By contrast the construction of new garden-suburbs appeared as a great success against the „vieux-neuf“. In 1920 the Office of Devastated Regions opened the „Architectural Section“ under the responsibility of Jean-Jules Eggericx, and a first settlement of 100 social housing units was created a Roulers and named Batavia. It was inspired, at the same time, by the Belgian beguinage and by the English garden-city; and new materials and building technologies were experimented there.

Elya Tzaneva. Ethnosymbolism and the Dynamics of Identity. Cambridge Scholars Publishing. 2015.

Author(s): Evgenia Troeva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2016

Българските общности в Украйна в началото на новото хилядолетие – променящите се погледи

Author(s): Petko Hristov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2016

Зборовете на межата. Междуселищни патронни празници у българските преселници в Бесарабия – наблюдения и хипотези

Author(s): Galin Georgiev,Elena Vodinchar / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2016

One of the typical and relatively stable features of the everyday life of the Bulgarianimmigrants in the historical and cultural region of Bessarabia are the patronal festivalsand customs held within the frameworks of the village, neighbourhood or familyand referred to as zbor/sabor (збор/събор), hram (храм), kurban (курбан), tsarkva(църква), panagir (панагирь), cherkuvane (черкуване), moleben (молебен) etc. Asfor the designation збор (a fair), it is clear that it precedes the Russian designationхрам (a patron saint’s day) which penetrates the region under study later on andwhich is widely used at present. What stirs up bigger interest is the fact that exceptfor village church festivals this term (as well as some of the other above-mentioned) was also used for intervillage festivals held at the landmark of the territories of two,three or more villages – the so-called fairs at the landmark also known as moleben orcherkuvane for rain and good health.As far as the patron saint’s day is a universal Christian phenomenon and stilla general practice in the villages of the region studied here, it could be assumedthat the gathering itself, the making of zbor (or moleben) at the landmark (at theborder between a group of villages), which is neglected today almost everywhere,is a form typical only of the immigrants (Bulgarians and Gagauzians) in Bessarabia.This practice attracts the attention with respect to its nature and development as partof the all-Bulgarian system of patronal village festivals as well as with relation tothe influences, changes and specifics through which it inevitably goes under theconditions of the many-tounged and polycultural environment of Bessarabia and theRussian Orthodox Christianity.The fieldwork materials collected so far do not allow a coprehensive and thickdescription of the phenomena intriguing us as well as a more elaborate analysis.That’s why the article only poses the problem or rather interpretes it in connectionwith some concepts of the kin and family-territorial patronal festivals and customswhich were formulated a long time ago in the Bulgarian science but which are stillrelevant.

„Балканските акценти“ на одеския „Привоз“: към въпроса за етническите компоненти в градската кухня

Author(s): Alexandr Prigarin / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2016

On the basis of written sources and field materials, the article examines the phenomenonof the “Odessa cuisine” as a regional complex of food. In the context of thehistorical dynamics, it shows the role of the Balkan traditions in the formation anddevelopment of the everyday culture of the inhabitants of Odessa. Special attentionis paid to the current state of the trade subculture and, respectively, to the systemof the food traditions in Odessa. In particular, the article shows that there are manyproducts introduced by natives from the Balkans (first of all, Greeks and Bulgarians):eggplants, tomatoes, cheese, corn, mutton, grapes, etc. The regional dishes perceivedas “Odessaian” but having roots in the ethno-cultures of the above-mentioned communities,are developed on this basis. The text shows also the “blue” (eggplants) invarious variations of preparation and the “pshonka” (corn). Beside the national, theprofessional mass cuisine is also analyzed (restaurant); in it the Balkan substratumhas found its place a long time ago along with the Jewish, Ukrainian and Moldavian.In the menu of these institutions, there are surely a number of dishes with Balkanorigins. On the other hand, it is worth characterizing the special national restaurantsof Odessa (Bulgarian, Gagauzian, Greek).

Българи в Словения. Първоначални наблюдения върху българската диаспора в Словения

Author(s): Mila Santova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2016

Календарната обредност на бесарабските българи в източници и научна литература

Author(s): Aleksandar Kovalov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2016

Млечният път в космическото и обредното пространство

Author(s): Nikolay Sivkov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2017

In the folklore of many peoples, the luminous bodies and phenomena are related tothe traditional concepts of the world structure. In the Bulgarian popular astronomythe Milky Way is seen as a Straw Road. The folklore texts present the “road” as both aborder and a bond between the “own” and the “alien” space, between the earthly andthe “divine” world. It is a process of movement in the mythological space but it couldalso be a place where the worlds in this space meet. Such development of the conceptof the “road” in the Bulgarian popular tradition is related to liminal rituals typical ofcalendar festivals including Christmas.

По трудния път: Цигански организации в Шумен (1944–1990)

Author(s): Dimitrinka Demirova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2017

The purpose of the present article is to trace the history and to show the activities performedby the gypsies/Romani organizations in Shumen, Bulgaria during the period between 1944 and 1990. The history of these organizations is going through several periods which match the political periods regarding the gypsy population in Bulgaria.It was founded in 1946, when Bulgaria was leading a policy of ethnical recognition of the gypsies and a wide consideration of their cultural and historical identity. Inthe beginning of the 1950s, due to the fear of the so-called “turcheene” (i.e. public demonstration of the Turkish ethnic identity) among a large part of the gypsies, there was a turning-point in the public policy – the Cultural and Educational organization of the gypsies was forbidden and they got into the hands of the “Fatherland Front” (“Otechestven front”). In spite of the restrictions and interdictions, in 1967 the leaders of the Gypsy movement in Shumen restored their organization by the name of “Roma”, but they didn’t get the recognition and validation from the government. In spite of this, they continued to work for the protection of the Gypsy community in Shumen and in all of their activities in several basic directions (socioeconomic, political, educational and cultural) were performed by the organization’s name. This continued until the beginning of the 1990s, when the organization was recovered, andalong side this a number of new organizations arose.

Между писмената и устната история: преселването на турците от България към Турция през 1950–1951 г.

Author(s): Yelis Erolova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2017

The migrations of the Turks from Bulgaria to Turkey in the 20th century are subject of broad academic and pubic discussions; the greatest attention is paid to the last wave of migration of 1989. The article directs the attention further back in the history, to the period from 1950 to 1951 when the Bulgarian and Turkish authorities organized for the first time a mass deportation of over 150 000 Turks. The study discusses the macro and micro framework of that migration flow in the light of the scientificanalytical approach of histoire croisée/entangled history. By means of it, the author analyses the “entangled” policies presented on the basis of Bulgarian, Turkish and other historical sources and compared to ethnographic fieldwork materials collected among the Bulgarian migrants in the city of Izmir. The study works out new issues and issues insufficiently examined of the written and oral history of the Turkish migrants related to the ideas of homeland, the influence of social and kin networks and the reconstruction of identity in the processes of migration, adaptation and integration.

ECONOMIC SITUATION AND MIGRATION TRENDS OF EASTERN SLOVAKIA AND TRANSCARPATHIAN UKRAINE

Author(s): Rossen Koroutchev / Language(s): English Issue: 03/2020

In this paper we present our research about the economic situation in Eastern Slovakia based on official data and on own surveys in the region of Rožňava. We also present our results concerning the economic situation in Uzhgorod region, Ukrainian Transcarpathia. Additionally we discuss the migration trends in Eastern Slovakia and the Ukrainian migration to this part of Slovakia, and especially the one originated from Transcarpathia. Our results with students at the Universities of Košice and Prešovshow the interest of the Ukrainian young people to stay in Slovakia or to emigrate to neighboring EU countries in order to have more professional opportunities, compared to Ukraine.

Ambient Advertising in Metaverse Smart Cities

Author(s): Nikola Vangelov / Language(s): English Issue: 01/2023

The paper analyzes the main aspects of ambient advertising, metaverse and smart cities. This type of advertising is creative, relatively inexpensive and uses the context of a city’s area to provide a new experience to its residents and tourists. The article aims at displaying the overlapping of this marketing communication with the urban context and how both companies and municipalities could benefit from using it. The types of ambient advertising are studied, as well as their application in the communication of organizations with people in cities. Through content analysis and case studies the connection between ambient advertising and metaverse urban areas with its residents is studied. This paper adds on several previous studies [1, 2, 3] and some others in the context of smart cities and metaverse ambient advertising, while proposing an additional method of tracking user experience – eye tracking. Key elements of ambient advertising, the metaverse and smart cities are studied, as well as interactivity and connectivity. Through the analyzed examples the positive aspect of using this marketing communication is displayed, since it makes it possible for the residents to see the same environment in a new and interactive way. Thus, the connection between them and the urban space becomes stronger and more entertaining. This paper could be of interest to academicians and practitioners in the sphere of marketing and advertising, as well as representatives of municipalities, who aim at providing their residents an additional level of experience with the urban areas of the future.

The Conception and Discourse of Smart City

Author(s): Kumar Deepak / Language(s): English Issue: 01/2023

The article traces the emergence of the smart city concept, and how it has developed in the global North and the global South. The article further explores the discourses around smart cities as found mentioned in the scholarship, and in several attempts to define a rather ambiguous term smart city, exploring different aspects/dimensions/components of a smart city in general, and in relation to citizenship and rights, in particular. The discourses are broadly categorized under the themes of urban governance, citizenship rights and technology-society nexus. An understanding of the genealogy of the smart city concept and discourse would be helpful in understanding how the idea has taken space in urban governance with implications including on citizenship rights.

COMBATING CROSS-BORDER ORGANIZED CRIME IN THE BORDER REGION OF THE STATE: STRATEGY DEVELOPMENT METHODOLOGY

Author(s): Oleh Farion,Dmytro Kupriyenko,Yurii Demianiuk,Andrii Nikitiuk / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2023

The article describes the methodology for the following successive stages: data collection on cross-border organized crime; analysis of the impact of PEST factors of the border region on the number of cross-border crimes committed by organized criminal groups; generalization and analysis of parameters for assessing the capabilities of organized criminal groups; assessment of the level of capabilities of organized criminal groups to commit cross-border crimes; passporting of organized criminal groups specializing in cross-border crimes; modeling of scenarios of the development of organized criminal groups illegal activities by types of cross-border crimes; selection of options for fighting cross-border organized crime by the targeted impact on organized criminal groups. The strategy envisages a complex of the following measures: rapid (operational) interventions in critical situations; anti-crisis measures of the border guard operation to neutralize threats; other regime and control measures to strengthen the protection of the state border; standard planned and preventive measures; measures of sustainable development of the border security system. Implementing the methodology in practice enables the development of a strategic approach to effectively utilize the resources of state law enforcement agencies in combating cross-border crime.

Cultural Diplomacy or Cultural Relations? Lost in Terminology and Rediscovering the Meaning of Culture

Author(s): Hilda-Hedvig Varga / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2023

When discussing such a complex concept as culture, it is forever interesting, even surprising, to find out what definitions people give to this all-encompassing notion; what better way to delve into Indian culture and the inner workings of cultural diplomacy and relations than to speak to someone most knowledgeable in the field, the Ambassador of India to Romania, Moldova and Albania, Mr. Rahul Shrivastava. His Excellency was kind enough to sacrifice his time in favor of cultural matters, despite his busy schedule.

ASSESSING DISPROPORTIONATE TERRITORIAL DEVELOPMENT: INSIGHTS FROM 10 COUNTRIES

Author(s): Davit Hakhverdyan,Gagik Badadyan / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2023

Territorial development disparities are an undeniable reality for all the countries of the world, which implies that no country can practically avoid them. However, how different countries respond to these disparities is another matter. The effectiveness of policies in overcoming territorial development disparities depends significantly on how deeply these disparities are recognized and studied. In this context, assessing disparities in territorial development is necessary, and the article proposes a methodology for its implementation. The methodology examines territorial development indexes and their relative standard deviation. In the article, the developed methodology was also applied to 10 countries, as a result of which the levels of territorial development disparities in Canada, Poland, Bulgaria, Hungary, Finland, Serbia, Georgia, Moldova, Kazakhstan, and China were evaluated. Based on the assessments, general conclusions are also presented for each country in the article.

Imagine prospectivă a unei contribuții muzeale la regenerarea urbană prin cultură

Author(s): Sorin Constantinescu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 1/2022

The subject of this paper is still not enough explored, not only from the perspective of museum research but also from that of studies belonging to other fields that take into account the need to integrate culture in urban regeneration. Because this topic is current and relevant for the multitude of cultural and social forms in which the museum institution could become a lasting pillar, we believe that our attempt will allow us to sketch an integrative project from which to extract some useful considerations for future research. The conclusions that emerge from positioning the National Museum of Romanian Literature in Bucharest (MNLR), more precisely its cultural hub located in a disadvantaged area, in the epicenter of urban regeneration through culture of the adjacent area, will hopefully be compelling enough to support a cultural axis. Especially since the targeted area (although it has a rich local cultural heritage, which deserves to be capitalized and whose historical memory must be preserved) does not yet experience the long-awaited revival, MNLR - as already demonstrated - can become a crucial actor, together with partners from civil society, in drawing a new cultural axis in the Romanian capital. This could contribute to the transformation of a physically degraded area with precarious living conditions into an engine for integrating culture into the daily concerns of as many fellow citizens as possible, and not only those belonging to the local community. After all, any attempt to achieve a prospective approach focused on the museum institution only validates the generous and mobilizing slogan of ICOM: “Museums have no borders, they have a network”.

Венета Янкова. Преводачи на култури (Унгарски свидетелства за Североизточна България от ХХ век). София: Парадигма, 2020

Author(s): Natalia Rashkova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2023

Book review

Миглена Петкова. Местно знание и идентичност. Селищната памет на балканджиите от Килифаревския район в разкази, предания и легенди. Велико Търново: Фабер, 2022

Author(s): Maria Ivanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2023

Book review