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Trauma Keelde Tõlgitud Kultuurideülesed Mäluvormid Eesti Laagri- Ja Küüditamismälestustes

Author(s): Eneken Laanes / Language(s): Estonian Issue: 04/2017

The article deals with a transformation in the ways of remembering the Soviet deportations and the Gulag in Estonia. Of particular interest is the new vocabulary of testimony and trauma that emerged in the Estonian memorial culture about those events in the mid-2000s, mainly in the aesthetic media of memory. While the first attempt to remember these aspects of Estonian history among expatriate Estonians in the 1970s and in Estonia at the end of the 1980s, in fiction, used the vocabulary of resistance and survival, the article shows how in the new millennium the rendering of those experiences is focused on the psychological traumas of the survivors. The article associates this transformation with the use of certain transcultural memorial patterns borrowed from the transnational memory of the Holocaust and discusses the advantages and problems of the use of those patterns.

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Mõnda baltisaksa elulugudest ja mis seal sees leida võib

Author(s): Reet Bender / Language(s): Estonian Issue: 08-09/2017

The article addresses Baltic-German autobiographical texts as an organic part of Estonian cultural history and memory literature, which is, however, a severed and forgotten part of the collective historical memory. First, the article introduces the volume of the survived Baltic-German textual heritage, and analyses, in a historical perspective, how, why and on what grounds Baltic-German autobiographies have been collected and published. Secondly, the article examines the available Estonian translations of and the present state of research into Baltic-German autobiographies. Thirdly, some concrete biographies are used to exemplify the variety of possible study approaches. The Baltic-German autobiographies offer a different, sometimes opposite view of what is found in their Estonian counterparts. They supplement and vary the general picture, revealing certain aspects which were beyond the Estonians’ experience. Also, they imply that the local cultural field may have been much more intervowen than some people can think of or wish to admit.

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Minu eesti luule tõlkespetsiifika

Author(s): Guntars Godiņš / Language(s): Estonian Issue: 1-2/2019

The author shares his experience, spanning close to forty years, translating Estonian and Finnish poetry. In the process of translating, he has gained knowledge and developed his own system for dealing with ancient Estonian folksongs, the epic poem Kalevipoeg, as well as the poems by such authors as Ilmar Laaban, Artur Alliksaar, Andres Ehin, Juhan Liiv, Hando Runnel, Jaan Kaplinski, Hasso Krull and others. The highlights of the paper are as follows: the specifics of Estonian as compared to Latvian; the common and the distinctive (lack of grammatical gender and future, musical qualities of Estonian etc.); the specifics of the form and poetics of the old Estonian folksong (regivärss), representing the form, metrics, sound (alliteration, assonance) of Estonian in Latvian; the specifics of translating Kalevipoeg, its most important differences compared to the ancient Estonian folksongs (coining new word forms and words, translating the special language of Friedrich Reinhold Kreutzwald into modern Latvian); the peculiarities of Ilmar Laaban’s poetics and wordplays in his book of surrealist poetry Rroosi Selaviste as translated into Latvian; expressing the musical nature, thought and feeling in Artur Alliksaar’s poetic language; translating the classical Estonian poems (metre, rhythm, rhymes, intonation) by Juhan Liiv, Hando Runnel, Jaan Kaplinski and others; the possibilities and principles of translating the wordplays of Contra, (:)kivisildnik, Veiko Märka and others. The author brings many examples from Estonian and Latvian to illustrate his conclusions. The author emphasizes that in addition to representing the form, rhythmical structure and intonation, equally important is the ability of the translator to improvise, to feel free in his/her language and poetics, for this is the only way to lose less in translation.

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Lühidalt

Author(s): Brita Melts,Neeme Näripä,Maria-Maren Linkgreim / Language(s): Estonian Issue: 05/2019

Reviews of: Sõnad on õhk. 13 intervjuud tänapäeva kirjanikega. Koostas ja küsitles Carolina Pihelgas. [Tartu:] Kaksikhammas, 2018. 151 lk. Tõlkija hääl VI. Eesti Kirjanike Liidu tõlkijate sektsiooni aastaraamat. Tallinn: SA Kultuurileht, 2018. 228 lk. Hellenostephanos. Humanist Greek in Early Modern Europe. (Acta Societatis Morgensternianae VI-VII.) Koostajad Janika Päll, Ivo Volt. Tartu: University of Tartu Press, 2018. 468, [3] lk. Karl Pajusalu. Eesti keele 100 aastat. (EV100.) [Tallinn:] Post Factum, 2019. 188 lk. Sõida tasa üle silla. Raamat eesti keelest ja meelest. Koostanud ja toimetanud Raimo Raag, Jüri Valge. Tallinn-Tartu: EKSA, 2018. 383 lk.

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Vepsa rahvuseepost originaalis ja mitmes tõlkes lugedes - Nina Zaitseva, Virantanaz

Author(s): Enn Ernits / Language(s): Estonian Issue: 11/2019

Reviews of: Nina Zaiceva. Virantanaz. Нина ¬Зайцева. Вирантаназ. Поэтический эпос на вепсском, финском, эстонском и русском языках. Переводчики: М. Ние¬минен, Я. Ыйспуу, В. А. Агапитов. Petroskoi: Periodika, 2016. 216 lk. Nina Zaitseva. Virantanaz. Vepsa eepos. Tõlkinud, kommenteerinud ja saatesõna kirjutanud Madis Arukask. Tartu: Tartu Ülikooli Kirjastus, 2018. 277 lk.

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Kaitstud doktoritööd

Author(s): Not Specified Author / Language(s): Estonian Issue: 11/2021

Defended doctoral theses.

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Väärikas mälestusmärk tartu keelele

Author(s): Szilárd Tóth / Language(s): Estonian Issue: 04/2014

Review of: Johannes Gutslaffi piiblitõlge 1647-1657. Väljaande koostanud Maeve Leivo, Ahti Lohk, Kristiina Ross, Kai Tafenau. Eesti Keele Sihtasutus, 2013. 499 lk.

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Etümoloogilisi märkmeid (XV)

Author(s): Udo Uibo / Language(s): Estonian Issue: 12/2014

The article discusses the origin of the Estonian words kada ‘slingshot’, (k)raejalad ‘horse, trestle’ and õnnar ‘coccyx’. The word kada is the result of shortening the word kadapulk, which in turn is a folk etymological transformation of katapult ‘catapult’. The meaning of ‘slingshot’ had been obtained by Katapult in German, which mediated the antique word to Estonian. The first component (k)rae- of the compound word (k)raejalad (jalad ‘legs’) is a borrowing from Middle Low German schrage ‘trestle with crossed legs’. The word õnnar ‘coccyx, tailbone’ is a Standard Estonian word obtained from the first component of the compound word õndrakont found in the Estonian-German dictionary by F. J. Wiedemann (1869), which in turn is probably an occasional recording of the dialect word (h)ändrukont ~ (h)ändrakont, the first component of which derives from the word händ ‘tail’.

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Psalmi: Prijevod fra Silvije Grubišić (1975.)

Author(s): Nino Brozinčević / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 2/2022

Review of: Psalmi: Prijevod fra Silvije Grubišić (1975.), Zagreb: Biblijski institut, 2021., str. 257.

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Die Geburt der estnisch- und lettischsprachigen Lyrik aus dem Geiste des Liedes

Author(s): Liina Lukas / Language(s): German Issue: 37/2018

In the article, an early phase in the history of Estonian and Latvian poetry during the second part of the 18th century has been explored by turning attention towards the history of publications, differences between various media, parallels and differences between the dynamics of Estonian and Latvian poetry. In this period, poetry in Estonian and Latvian was written mostly by Baltic German authors who most often published translations from German literature. The emergence of Estonian and Latvian poetry from three traditions (occasional poetry, folksongs, and hymns) has been analyzed in the article. By providing detailed insight into the contexts of Estonian and Latvian poetry in the 18th century and tracing the reasons of genesis of the printed secular poetry, it has been discussed in the article how Estonian and Latvian secular poetry has been emerged from the German songs (the sources of the translated poems are to be found rather in collections of songs than in collections of poems). In this regard, among other sources of the translated Estonian and Latvian poetry, the “Song book of Mildheim” by Rudolf Zacharias Becker has been analyzed along with the program of aesthetic education of the Popular Enlightenment. In the final part of the article, the contribution of the Popular Enlightenment in the development of poetry has been explored, as contrasted to ideas of Johann Gottfried Herder on folklore and first publications of folksongs.

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19. gadsimta stāstniecības žanra attīstība latviskās identitātes meklējumu ceļos

Author(s): Zigrīda Frīde / Language(s): Latvian Issue: 37/2018

In Latvian literature the development of the narrative genre to a great extent has been based on translations and literary traditions of other nations. The first original stories that played a crucial role in further processes along with educated and nationally patriotic authors’ publications in the 1860s initiated the flourishing of prose, strengthened further development of Latvian literary activities, its encouraging stance in the questions related to the development of literary language, as well as wisdom of life and national space. These stories facilitated the processes of nation building n Latvia. Along with the 1863 published works of Juris Neikens, Krišjānis Barons and Jēkabs Zvaigznīte, as well as Atis Kronvalds, an in-depth portrayal of Latvian identity entered literature. It was manifested through the creativity of the author and the use of Latvian language enriched by the vocabulary from various districts, as well as the portrayal of rural life, which to most of the readers at the time depicted their everyday surroundings and activities. The plots of the authors were based on domestic observations, which were documented in a rather authentic and close-to-reality way, intuitively implementing the so-called principles of mimesis, which provided a new mode of narrative based on the national peculiarities in the prose of the time. Although in the early stages of the development, Latvian fiction did not reveal in depth reflections of the author’s personal experiences, the lack of this creative expression was replaced by objective, even ethnographic observations of the everyday life. In the upcoming decades, such a fusion of characters and plots borrowed from people (folk) and the personal train of thought and talent of the author, which has been enriched with the world classics and modern literature, established a basis for the narrative genre to compose artistically individualised and subjective writings epitomizing Latvian identity. In the 19th century, when from the ethnic communities in the districts Latvian nation was developing and consolidating as a self-dependent subject with a national awareness, literature, myths and future hopes, Young Latvians and the following writers with their encouraging attitude towards the development of literary language, wisdom of life and national space facilitated the formation of national identity.

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CARACTÉRISTIQUES LINGUISTIQUES ET TERMINOLOGIE SPÉCIFIQUE AU DOMAINE DES VOITURES ÉLECTRIQUES

Author(s): Ana-Marina Tomescu / Language(s): French Issue: 21/2022

In this article, we shall focus on the difficulties encountered by the students in Applied Modern Languages during their courses of Specialized Languages or Specialized Translation, when the discourse of the specialized fields becomes an object of study. We will examine the use of certain grammatical categories and consider some of the aspects that regard terminological multiplication in a corpus of research articles from the field of electric cars. Our aim is to demonstrate that, as in all the specialized languages, the particularities in the use of the more or less technical terminology related to electric cars depends on the communicative context and the relation between the transmitter (the author of the article) and the receiver (the reader).

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DATORIILE OMULUI CREȘTIN/MEDITAȚII RELIGIOASE (SIMEON MARCOVICI, 1839). DESTINUL FRĂMÂNTAT AL UNOR TRADUCERI ROMÂNEȘTI DE LA JUMĂTATEA SECOLULUI AL XIX-LEA

Author(s): Ligia Livadă-Cadeschi,Laurenţiu Zoicaş / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 58/2021

This article follows two lines of research. The first one aims at restoring the truth regarding the origins of the book The Christian’s Duties (1839), erroneously believed by some researchers to have been an original work of Simeon Marcovici, due to a series of errors, omissions and misinterpretations. In fact, this is a Romanian translation of some chapters from Méditations religieuses (“Religious Meditations”), the French version (1830-1837) of the extensive work of German Lutheran writer and thinker Heinrich Zschokke: Stunden der Andacht. The second line aims at explaining the interest that mid-19th century Romanian intellectuals, especially Simeon Marcovici, have shown for this work. We believe that, at least in its case, this interest can be traced back to the Meditations’ explicitly religious nature, considering that in the Romanian Principalities, as well as in other Ottoman dominated territories in the Balkans, religion was an important part of the discourse pertaining to identity and modernization. As such Orthodoxy played an essential role in creating the patriotic citizen. What Marcovici himself was proposing was to educate the citizen, taking its status as a Christian as the starting point of this process, because this was the most important individual and group identity quality. The Meditations state that patriotism should be understood as the logical result of correctly practicing religious commandments (Christian patriotism). Thus, respecting Christian values and adopting religious teachings would guarantee the citizens’ devotions to the process of modernizing institutions determined by the spread of Enlightenment.

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Kaitstud doktoritööd

Author(s): Not Specified Author / Language(s): Estonian Issue: 6/2020

Defended doctoral theses.

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ROSA DEL CONTE’S “ART OF TRANSLATION” BETWEEN CRITICISM AND PRACTICE

Author(s): Jessica Andreoli / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2022

In the synthetic essay “Le brutte infedeli ovvero Quasimodo interprete di Arghezi”,Rosa Del Conte – eminent philologist, critic and translator – openly criticised the volume of selected poems by Tudor Arghezi translated by Quasimodo (1966). In the apparently passive position of the reader, Rosa Del Conte turns the reading experience into an analysis endeavour. She takes apart the Arghezian translations and constructs a critical essay where, in the background, we can notice certain specific aspects of her manner of translation and of the deontology needed by the translator. As part of a rhetorical exercise, Rosa Del Conte explains her own perspective. The antiphrastic reasoning implicit in the use of the syntagm “belle infedeli” intentionally emphasises the negative connotation of her critique. This ironic phrase, an explicit case of antiphrasis, could then be read not only as a value judgment on the Arghezian translations made by Quasimodo, but especially as a synthetic expression of her perspective on the poetic translation. The present study, dedicated to the analysis of the world of ideas and concepts behind the expression “le brutte infedeli”, aims to reconstruct Rosa Del Conte’s translation process, as well as her idea of “fedeltà alla poesia”.

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THE RECEPTION OF THE GENEVA SCHOOL OF LITERARY CRITICISM

Author(s): Mădălina Agoston / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2022

Considering that the “official” literary studies discourse of the post-war era in Romania was shaped by Structuralism, I would emphasize the fact that Geneva School of Literary Criticism’s main theoretical directions, coming from the Francophone area, as a recursion to French language contexts, not from Paris this time (as was the case in 19th century and the first half of the 20th century), but from Geneva. The analysis of this model, thus, taken from the West to an East-European space aims to see how, in the case of concept translation – of theoretical and cultural transfer – , translation itself answers to the demands of today’s literary market: how does this transfer take place, from a source-culture to a target-culture, how can we examine it from a transnational theory perspective? The research of esthetical and political issues that the Romanian society (together with the East-European one) has faced in the 70s could be the solution itself. My paper shell therefore focus on analyzing the circulation of critical texts, both in translation and in critical debates and theoretical constructions, in periodical texts, as well as in critical volumes – and the main example for this is the Romanian translation of irony concept at Jean Starobinski.

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Counting Viruses and Magic Counting A Contribution to Understanding the Psychological Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic

Author(s): Ioana BASKERVILLE / Language(s): English Issue: 2 (36)/2022

The emotional and psychological dimensions of the Covid-19 pandemic would have to be further examined, especially by scholars equipped to explain the psychosocial impact of this situation on individuals and communities. The paper discusses a specific secondary effect of the public health communication system informing on the spread of the disease through statistics and numbers. For the strategic communicators to appropriately frame their key messages, understanding the variety of ways by which people may be affected not only physically, but also psychologically, by the provided data during a global health crisis is of outmost importance and would support the correct responses and adjustments to mitigate the inevitable anxiety. The comparison of the “mathematical” display of the pandemic with the rhetorical trope of “counting” present in a charm-type offers a fresh perspective on how disease is conceived and alleviated in different historical times, and how collective fears may have a strong impact on preventive behavior and resilience.

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Traducerea Bibliei în limba română pentru contemporani: provocări și capcane

Author(s): Maria-Francisca Băltăceanu,Monica Broșteanu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 1/2022

The two authors, who have been participating for a few decades in Bible translating projects from Greek and from Hebrew into Romanian, are also interested in similar efforts carried out in Romania over the last hundred years; they are curious about the solutions found by others working in the same field. In this paper they wish to signal some of the main challenges and pitfalls that await any contemporary translator of such a text. References are made to solutions and not to translators; since they have a practical character, the paper had to tackle them in Romanian.

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Noul Testament din Biblia „Anania” în contextul tradiției biblice românești: probleme de traducere

Author(s): Toma Traian Gania / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 1/2022

This paper aims to reflect on Metropolitan Valeriu Anania’s 1993 translation of the New Testament in comparison with the other older Romanian biblical text versions, from the New Testament Version from Bălgrad (1648) up to the current synodical edition of the Bible (2008), focusing on translation issues. We suspect that the “Anania” version is not just a ‟diorthosis” or a ‟revised form”, as mentioned above. Therefore, we prefer to look more deeply at the “Anania” Bible version. Afterwards, his version is contextualized in the Romanian biblical tradition view in order to emphasize the need for a new biblical text form for our actual times. This paper aims to show the recognition of this edition, its translation principles, and methods. Furthermore, by exemplification, translation issues are exposed, in comparison with the ancient Greek original and other Romanian Bible variants, leaving the reader to analyze the “Anania” version objectively.

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American Fiction and Cultural Transfer

Author(s): Mohammed Naser Hassoon / Language(s): English Issue: 58/2022

Our article deals with the complexities of the process of reception of American fiction in the Arab world, viewed as cultural transfer, closely related with the circulation of knowledge between the Arab countries and the Western world, in which the A

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