A I CZŁOWIEK SAM BY SIEBIE NIE ODRÓŻNIŁ, GDYBY NIE MIAŁ SŁÓW: O WYBRANYCH ASPEKTACH ANGIELSKIEGO PRZEKŁADU POWIEŚCI „KAMIEŃ NA KAMIENIU” WIESŁAWA MYŚLIWSKIEGO

Author(s): Malina Zaluzna-Luczkiewicz / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 1/2016

O wartości artystycznej powieści „Kamień na kamieniu” Wiesława Myśliwskiego stanowi między innymi język potoczny, który stwarza przedstawiony świat i bohaterów. Autorem przekładu na język angielski jest Bill Johnston. Przedmiotem zainteresowania artykułu jest tłumaczenie regionalizmów, gwarowej leksyki oraz frazeologii z zastosowaniem strategii egzotyzujących, jak również oswajających. W artykule przedstawione są także sposoby oddania potoczności za pomocą składni i ich tłumaczenie na język angielski.

A kétnyelvűség lenyomatai

Célnyelvi interferenciák Terézia Mora Das Ungeheuer című regényében és magyar fordításában

Author(s): Lídia Nádori / Language(s): Hungarian / Issue: 4/2018

The German writer Terézia Mora (1971) grew up with a double, Hungarian-German linguistic identity. She reflects on her own bilingualism in many ways, also on the micro level of the text. How can this linguistic duality be kept in the Hungarian translation? What translation strategies are to be applied in order to keep the intentional foreignness of the original in the Hungarian target text, if this foreignness is produced by using the very characteristics of the Hungarian language in the German original? This case study focuses on the reflection of bilingualism and the translation problems arising from reflection in literary texts by studying examples taken from the novel Das Ungeheuer by Terézia Mora. Self-observation that looks back and the analysis of the text examine wether the translator finds the solutions satisfactory from the point of cultural transfer. The conclusion is that the translator, when choosing among the alternative solutions available, works assuming that the recipient interprets the work in a much wider context than the translated text.

A Krall-papirusz elbeszélése az Iret-Hor-eru (Inarosz ) herceg vértjéért vívott küzdelemről

Author(s): / Language(s): Hungarian / Issue: 1/2012

A lélek üdvösségéről

Author(s): Georg Simmel / Language(s): Hungarian / Issue: 2/2015

A Lexicographic Approach to the English-Romanian/Romanian-English Legal Dictionaries and Glossaries Existing on the Romanian Book Market

Author(s): Carmen D. Caraiman / Language(s): English / Publication Year: 0

The goal of the study is to highlight the main methods used by the authors to create legal dictionaries and glossaries in English-Romanian and Romanian-English available on the book market today. Specialists and those interested in studying the content and structure of such dictionaries will notice the low number of works on the Romanian market compared to, for example, the field of economics. Furthermore, one may find the terms included to be insufficient, their structures simple. Our study shall analyze both the criteria the authors of the dictionaries used to select the terms, as well as their structure (phonetic transcription, contextualization, identifying countable/ uncountable nouns, denoting special plural forms, references to synonyms or another term from the dictionary to eliminate ambiguities, etc.).

A Life of Languages: The Contributions of Kató Lomb to Language Learning and Interpreting through Her Second-Language Acquisition Theory

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Author(s): Timea Ferencz / Language(s): English / Issue: Special/2017

This article aims to present the life and work of Kató Lomb (1909-2003)—one of Hungary’s most accomplished interpreters,translators and linguists—in the light of interpreting and interpretertraining. Due to the dire circumstances during and after the Second World War, at the beginning of her lifelong language-learning journey Lomb faced a lack of foreign language teachers in post-war Hungary, limited works of literature (especially in ‘exotic’ languages), even fewer textbooks and very little contact with the spoken languages. This interplay between hardship, necessity and innate curiosity towards languages, paired with remarkable perseverance, led to the emergence of her novel language acquisition method in which pleasure reading, i.e. reading in the learner’s areas of interest, plays a central role. The majority of the sixteen languages that Lomb learned throughout her adult life, and which she used in her decades-long career as one of the first simultaneous interpreters in Hungary, were self-taught. Her legacy, both as interpreter and author, has contributed to the popularisation of the interpreting profession and left an indelible mark both on foreign language acquisition theory from the perspective of a polyglot and, indirectly, on interpreting. Her success in mastering an impressively large number of languages makes her recommendations regarding autonomous language learning extremely valuable, especially for interpreters wanting to improve their passive language skills or to learn a new language. In this article we will examine the ways in which learners can use Lomb’s method and compare it to existing second-language acquisition (SLA) research, but also establish connections between her recommendations regarding language learning and interpreter training.

A Literatura ­Mundo e O ano em que Pigafetta completou a circum­navegação

Author(s): Maria Luísa Malato / Language(s): Portuguese / Issue: 3/2019

The first voyage of circumnavigation – started in 1519 by Magellan, completed by Elcano (1522), and narrated by Pigafetta in Relazione del primo viaggio in torno al mondo (1524) – gave empirical answers to four different scientific questions: if one could travel by sea and reach East by navigating West; if the American continent had a south passage to another ocean; what was the real dimension of the Equator; and if going eastwards made travels shorter, showing that time is conditioned by the direction of movement. Travels prove, according to Roditi, the relativity of “time, space, matter and the world as a continuum”. The Year Pigafetta Completed the Circumnavigation [O ano em que Pigafetta completoua circum-navegação] – a novel published in 2013 by Luís Cardoso and based on a dialogue with Pigafetta’s writing – seems to address, metaphorically, similar questions about “World-Literature”: if space, time, matter and the world are interrelated concepts in translation.

A METAANALYTICAL APPROACH TO THE CONCEPT OF TRANSLATION STUDIES

Author(s): Katalin Nagy Imola / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 13/2018

This study is a metanalysis of the notion translation studies. One of the most recent of humanistic disciplines, translation studies has been provided the name it is referred to these days in the early 1970s, although theoretical considerations regarding translation started to appear even in ancient times. Our paper focuses on different taxonomies related to translation studies, the terminological implications, related notions and we tend to present some of the most important theories regarding the conceptual meaning of the term `translation studies`.

A METHODOLOGICAL APPROACH TO TECHNICAL TRANSLATION

Author(s): Raluca Ghentulescu / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2012

This article presents the results of my research in the field of Technical-Scientific Translations and offers some suggestions to those who teach specialized translations at an academic level. My perspective on this subject is based on my own experience in working with the future specialized translators and interpreters from the Specialization of Translation and Interpretation within the Technical University of Civil Engineering of Bucharest. The main aim of this paper is to share with my colleagues and my students the new methods of teaching specialized translations, which I have implemented at my lectures and seminars, in an attempt to turn an apparently tedious school subject into an attractive and useful activity.

A Mogul India költészetéből: Bihárí párversei

Author(s): Imre Bangha / Language(s): Hungarian / Issue: 2/2018

A Multivariate Study of T/V Forms in European Languages Based on a Parallel Corpus of Film Subtitles

Author(s): Natalia Levshina / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2017

The present study investigates the cross-linguistic differences in the use of so-called T/V forms (e.g. French tu and vous, German du and Sie, Russian ty and vy) in ten European languages from different language families and genera. These constraints represent an elusive object of investigation because they depend on a large number of subtle contextual features and social distinctions, which should be cross-linguistically matched. Film subtitles in different languages offer a convenient solution because the situations of communication between film characters can serve as comparative concepts. I selected more than two hundred contexts that contain the pronouns you and yourself in the original English versions, which are then coded for fifteen contextual variables that describe the Speaker and the Hearer, their relationships and different situational properties. The creators of subtitles in the other languages have to choose between T and V when translating from English, where the T/V distinction is not expressed grammatically. On the basis of these situations translated in ten languages, I perform multivariate analyses using the method of conditional inference trees in order to identify the most relevant contextual variables that constrain the T/V variation in each language.

A new fragment of the Altun Yaruk in old Uigur from Tuyuk

Author(s): Zhang Tieshan / Language(s): English / Issue: 4/2017

The fragment we are publishing here is preserved in the Academia Turfanica. It belongs to the second chapter of the first volume of the Altun Yaruk Sudur in old Uigur. There are some words that are apparently different from the other version(s) of the text.

A NOTE ON SOME HYPOTHETICAL CLAUSES IN A COPTIC AND ARABIC MS OF THE PENTATEUCH: THE CASE OF لولا

Author(s): Ofer Livne-Kafri / Language(s): English / Issue: 4/2012

The following article deals with the ‘hypothetical particle’ لولا in the Arabic version of the Pentateuch in MS Paris BN copte 1 (14th century). This Arabic version was translated from a Coptic version which is set parallel to it; the instances of لولا are very indicative of the work of a translator in a period of lingual transition.

A note on the energicus in a Coptic-Arabic translation of the Pentateuch

Author(s): Ofer Livne-Kafri / Language(s): English / Issue: 4/2009

The Energicus is an important emphatic form in Classical Arabic “that survived rarely [and] came to be rare or completely absent” in Mediaeval Judaeo-Arabic and Christian-Arabic. In this article I shall discuss some cases of the Energicus in a Christian-Arabic version of the Pentateuch from the 14th century (MS Paris BM copte 1) which is set in parallel columns with the Coptic version. The choices of the Arabic structures similar to the Coptic ones (such as the functions of the Energicus parallel to the Coptic optative and the causative imperative) show the skills of the translator in finding suitable translation solutions. As far as the Energicus is concerned, its usage (although rarely) is also a part of the general trend to cling to classical norms in this Arabic version. The findings of T. Zewi concerning the Energicus in Saadya Gaon’s translation of the Pentateuch fit well into our discussion, both in the methodology and in the conclusions.

A PARAMETRIC APPROACH TO FINDING EQUIVALENTS FOR GRAMMATICAL STRUCTURES IN LEGAL TRANSLATION. A CASE STUDY

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Author(s): ALEKSANDRA MATULEWSKA / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2017

The aim of the paper is to present the application of the parametric methodology to translation at the level of grammatical structures. The approach allows us to compare objects of translational reality in a systematic way and thus provides translators with detailed information on similarities and differences between source and target language translational units (Matulewska, 2013). In order to describe legal translation reality and to characterize translational objects functioning in such reality relevant dimensions are used. The research methods applied include: (i) the analysis of comparable texts, (ii) the terminological and grammatical analysis of the corpus consisting of winding-up petitions formulated in Polish and British English, (iii) the method of making the legal linguistic reality axiomatic, and finally (iv) the hypothetical-deductive method (Hempel and Oppenheim, 1948). The research corpus encompasses winding-up petitions in Polish and English.

A PLEA FOR RETHINKING INSTITUTIONAL LANGUAGE POLICY DOCUMENTS

Author(s): Elena Pacurar / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2019

A Plea for Rethinking Institutional Language Policy Documents. The present study aims to raise awareness on and to provide a synopsis of the role, function and relevance of language policy documents in HE, by bringing together some of the more recent conclusions of strategic papers or guidelines issued by representative bodies responsible for the standardization of language teaching and testing. The current definitions of and views on language policies invite reflections on the margins of the internationalisation of HE, the digitalisation of education and its tools, the role of the language instructors in the 21st century and, last but not least, the existence of institutional strategic documents. A local case (the language policy at Babeș-Bolyai University) is discussed against the backdrop of international frameworks for language instruction and in comparison with similar (national) language policies.

A Portrait of the Writer as a Translator: Salman Rushdie and the Challenges of Post-colonial Translation

Author(s): Dana Craciun / Language(s): English / Issue: 32/2019

In a context where post-colonial translation has emerged as a strong interface between post-colonial studies and translation studies, the present paper examines the case of Salman Rushdie as a post-colonial translator. Drawing on concepts and ideas put forth by the two above-mentioned paradigms, the paper will argue that the strategies used by Rushdie in his attempts to write about the importance of redressing the balance of power and of resisting Orientalising practices are similar to those used by translators of post-colonial literature. The writing of post-colonial literature becomes an act of (re)translation, while translating post-colonial literature should aim at resisting domestication and at creating a target text that remains ‘foreign’ enough for the reader. While there is no doubt that through its post-colonial and global concerns Rushdie’s entire work fits this frame, the analysis will focus only on two works, Midnight’s Children and Two Years, Eight Months and Twenty-Eight Nights, since they seem to bracket Rushdie’s efforts in this respect.

A Practical Approach to Translating Modal Verbs

The Case of 'need'

Author(s): Attila Imre / Language(s): English / Publication Year: 0

The paper deals with a rather problematic issue, namely the translation of a few English modal verbs into non-Indo-European languages, such as Romanian or Hungarian. The research starts from a database containing more than 1,000 sentences with modal verbs in three languages, which is then fed into the translation memory and term base of the MemoQ translation environment.

A predesztinációról (részletek)

Author(s): Johannes Scotus Eriugena / Language(s): Hungarian / Issue: 1/2015

A Record of Hope

Author(s): Mak Dizdar / Language(s): English / Issue: 3/2016