Europas Führer

Author(s): Emil Ludwig / Language(s): German

This volume is comprising biographies of Fridtjof Nansen, Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk, Aristide Briand, Walther Rathenau, Giuseppe Motta, Eleftherios Venizelos, Lloyd George, Benito Mussolini and Josef Stalin. // Emil Ludwig (originally named Emil Cohn) was born in Breslau, now part of Poland. Born into a Jewish family, he was raised as a non-Jew but was not baptized. “Many persons have become Jews since Hitler," he said. "I have been a Jew since the murder of Walther Rathenau [in 1922], from which date I have emphasized that I am a Jew.“ Ludwig studied law but chose writing as a career. At first he wrote plays and novellas, also working as a journalist. In 1906, he moved to Switzerland, but, during World War I, he worked as a foreign correspondent for the Berliner Tageblatt in Vienna and Istanbul. He became a Swiss citizen in 1932, later emigrating to the United States in 1940. // During the 1920s, he achieved international fame for his popular biographies which combined historical fact and fiction with psychological analysis. After his biography of Goethe was published in 1920, he wrote several similar biographies, including one about Bismarck (1922–24) and another about Jesus (1928). As Ludwig's biographies were popular outside of Germany and were widely translated, he was one of the fortunate émigrés who had an income while living in the United States. His writings were considered particularly dangerous by Goebbels, who mentioned him in his journal. (Wikipedia)

Discursuri Parlamentare 1926-1933 - în timpul Guvernului General Averescu (Vol. I)

Author(s): Armand Călinescu / Language(s): Romanian

Edited and initiated by Nicolae Iorga // Bucharest, 1938, published by »Monitorul Oficial« and »Imprimerile statului« during Calinescu’s mandate as Prime Minister. // Armand Călinescu (4 June 1893 – 21 September 1939) was a Romanian economist and politician, who served as 39th Prime Minister from March 1939 until his assassination six months later. He was a staunch opponent of the fascist Iron Guard and may have been the real power behind the throne during the dictatorship of King Carol II. He survived several assassination attempts but was finally killed by members of the Iron Guard with German assistance. (source: WIKIPEDIA)

Discursuri Parlamentare 1934-1937 - în timpul Guvernului Gh. Tătarescu (Vol. II)

Author(s): Armand Călinescu / Language(s): Romanian

Edited and initiated by Nicolae Iorga // Bucharest, 1938, published by »Monitorul Oficial« and »Imprimerile statului« during Calinescu’s mandate as Prime Minister. // Armand Călinescu (4 June 1893 – 21 September 1939) was a Romanian economist and politician, who served as 39th Prime Minister from March 1939 until his assassination six months later. He was a staunch opponent of the fascist Iron Guard and may have been the real power behind the throne during the dictatorship of King Carol II. He survived several assassination attempts but was finally killed by members of the Iron Guard with German assistance. (source: WIKIPEDIA)

ANII TREIZECI Extrema dreaptă românească "math tutoring"

Author(s): Zigu Ornea / Language(s): Romanian

Published in 1995 by EDITURA FUNDAȚIEI CULTURALE ROMÂNE, BUCUREȘTI

Deutschland und die Ukraine 1934-1945. Tatsachen europäischer Ostpolitik. Ein Vorbericht. Band I

Author(s): Roman Ilnytzkyi / Language(s): German

ALFRED DE ZAYAS: The extensive journalistic and historical activity of Ukrainians in exile further confirm the results of the investigations carried out by the War Crimes Bureau in 1941. Roman Ilnytzkyi's study condemns both the murders perpetrated in the Ukraine by the SS and the NKVD murders in Lvov. A collection of documents dealing with the Russian colonialism in the Ukraine devotes an entire chapter to the liquidation of Ukrainian political prisoners by the NKVD, not only in Lvov but also in Vinnitsa, Solotschiv, and a dozen other localities. It reproduces numerous reports of Ukrainian eyewitnesses living today in the United States, Canada, and the Federal Republic of German. // THE AUTHOR: The reader who feels bound by the hitherto generally expressed political opinions about German Ostpolitik must be pointed out from the outset that he is encountering new points of view here. First, the attempt is made to prove that the alleged unity of National-Socialist Ostpolitik did not exist at all. Rather, it was very differentiated and represented by various, often strongly opposing currents. The fateful struggle between Hitler and Rosenberg over the direction of German Ostpolitik had already been fundamentally decided before the outbreak of the German-Soviet war. From the outset, Hitler's victory over Rosenberg greatly jeopardized German political and military success in the East. To the detriment of historical knowledge, no one has pointed out this fact to date, so that the German Ostpolitik has so far been withheld from the public in all its diversity. The prevailing view that German Ostpolitik was based on Rosenberg's plan to divide the USSR into national states is a historical misjudgment. // The reader should also be advised that the historical-political insights on which this volume is based must be viewed as the result of the overall research, i.e. also of the material that is only presented in the second volume.

Deutschland und die Ukraine 1934-1945. Tatsachen europäischer Ostpolitik. Ein Vorbericht. Band II

Author(s): Roman Ilnytzkyi / Language(s): German

ALFRED DE ZAYAS: The extensive journalistic and historical activity of Ukrainians in exile further confirm the results of the investigations carried out by the War Crimes Bureau in 1941. Roman Ilnytzkyi's study condemns both the murders perpetrated in the Ukraine by the SS and the NKVD murders in Lvov. A collection of documents dealing with the Russian colonialism in the Ukraine devotes an entire chapter to the liquidation of Ukrainian political prisoners by the NKVD, not only in Lvov but also in Vinnitsa, Solotschiv, and a dozen other localities. It reproduces numerous reports of Ukrainian eyewitnesses living today in the United States, Canada, and the Federal Republic of German. // THE AUTHOR: The author considers the criticism of his view presented in Volume I to be unjustified, namely that no one in modern German and Ukrainian historiography has attempted to present German-Ukrainian political relations in context (see the preface to the first volume). The critic referred the author to Dmytro Doroshenko's work "Ukraine and the Empire" as the account that allegedly accomplished this task. The work of Doroshenko, an internationally renowned Ukrainian historian, is excellent, but its value obviously lies in one completely different field. This work cannot be considered as a history of German-Ukrainian political relations, because it is merely a brilliant presentation of German views on Ukraine over the centuries. The Ukrainian material was not considered at all, because the author had not intended to report on the relations between the two peoples.

Idei şi Oameni

Author(s): Felix Aderca / Language(s): Romanian

[Published in 1922 by Editura Alcalay & Calafateanu, Bucharest] Committed, by the 1920s, to a highly personalized pacifist socialism, Aderca veered toward the far-left of politics: in Idei și oameni, he chided Romanian reformism, moderate Marxism as personified by Constantin Dobrogeanu-Gherea and the Second International. He decried the exploitation of workers and luxuries such as the casinos of Sinaia. Nonetheless, Crohmălniceanu, a Marxist, noted that Moartea unei republici roșii told little about how "a new society is to be organized". Aderca favored "a nonconformism of a mostly moral and aesthetic kind", where sexual freedom, creative liberty and the celebration Aderca approved of class conflict, with Marxism as a legitimiate tool of the masses: "war is a creation of masters fighting each other for dominance. [...] What can the impoverished people have in common with the polite master? The French worker, what does he stand to gain from this war, other than a more thorough understanding of Marxism?" Aderca's leftist leanings were incompatible with the neoliberalism of his mentor Eugen Lovinescu, something acknowledged by Aderca in his Mic tratat years. In Mărturia unei generații, Aderca challenged Lovinescu to answer on the subject. Lovinescu did so, noting that Sburătorul's celebration of individualism outweighed the neoliberal stance of its leader. In Aderca's work, socialism was doubled by a sarcastic view of traditional authority. Police officers opened a file on him when, in 1927, he mocked King Ferdinand I as a standard of barber shop posters. According to Dumitru Hîncu, although the comment irritated state security, it was not truly "an attack on State institutions or its leaders".

Doi Ani de Restauraţie. Ce a fost. Ce am vrut. Ce am putut.

Author(s): Nicolae Iorga / Language(s): Romanian

A political diary of N. Iorga, written by a historian who was in highest position (Prime-Minister from 1931, April 18 till 1932, May 31 Member of the »Partidul Nationalist al Poporului«) committed in 1931 and 1932 in the political fight for what he considered and desired as the best future for Romania. [published 1932 in Vălenii de Munte by Tiparul «Datina Românească»]

Vorbericht zu einer Geschichte der deutschen Literatur in Siebenbürgen

Author(s): Richard Csaki / Language(s): German

Published in 1920 by »Druck und Verlag von W. Krafft« in Hermannstadt (Sibiu) – the book has been printed in German Fraktura Typeset. Readers need the ability to read this special typeset.

Rumänische Einheit

Author(s): Gheorghe I. Brătianu / Language(s): German

from the introduction: Some time ago, the excellent French publishing house Armand Colin published the small handbooks by G. Dupont-Ferrier on the formation of the French state and French unity, by G. Bourgin on the formation of Italian unity, and later this collection was supplemented by »Die deutsche Einheit« completed by P. Benaerts. Based i those volumes it seemed necessary to me to also prepare a work on Romanian unity, which was clearly the main problem of national history ... I hastily wrote a small book entitled "A riddle and a miracle of history: the Romanian people". , in which I was obliged to reopen the problem, so often discussed for more than a century, of the origin of a nation whose obscure past during the first centuries of the Middle Ages made the all too easy saying that peoples who have no history are happy, so strikingly refuted. Several editions that this work has undergone (French, Romanian, German and Italian) have proved its usefulness. [published in 1944 in Bucharest by the »N. Iorga Institute for World History«]

Dantzig et quelques aspects du Problème Germano-Polonais

Author(s): / Language(s): French

The question of Danzig and the Polish "corridor" is still very topical. Despite all that has been written on the subject by experts from the nations directly concerned and those who, belonging to distant countries, have been able to have a relative objectivity, no solution has put an end to the debates. The European Centre for the Carnegie Endowment has recognized the importance of the problem and on several occasions has requested the assistance of technicians and specialists in the field to deal with this subject. It seems interesting today to collect the conferences and the articles thus obtained. // [PUBLISHED in 1932 by the European Centre of the Carnegie Foundation, Department for International Relations and Education (Paris) as issue of the series „Publications for International Conciliation“ ]

Das Ostproblem. Seine Geschichte und Bedeutung

Author(s): Walther Harich / Language(s): German

The German East in danger! You don't lure a dog out from behind the stove with that these days. Too much danger surrounds us all. But what if it could be shown that there is more here than danger, that there is also the way to salvation? That here, in East Germany and its neighboring countries, where the European knot tightened so disastrously, is also the place to untie it? And in fact! This writing wants to show no less than this. She tackles the problem of Europe, the problem of the time, at the most sensitive and only seemingly remote point: in the problem of the East and its history. And really the problem of time. Not only a political or economic problem, but at the same time that of religion as well as that of stratification and history. Because all this belongs together, is an inseparable unit that is swung by the same pendulum. We shall have to speak of many things: of Baltic trade, of production and need, but also of Christ, of Rome and Byzantium.

Ethnographie von Makedonien. Geschichtlich-nationaler, sprachlich-statistischer Teil

Author(s): Gustav Weigand / Language(s): German

INTRODUCTION: On May 7, 1917, Privy Councilor Penck wrote to me from Berlin: “The occupation of Macedonia by German troops should be used to gain as much information as possible about the country. I succeeded in getting the Kaiser interested in it by applying for the throne, and His Majesty approved 50,000 marks. Scholars are now to be sent down to explore the land. Among them I also named you, who, in my opinion, are not only the best, but also the only person who could shed objective light on the colorful picture of the people.” This was the reason why I took part in the work of the “Macedonian State Commission”. . On behalf of the Prussian Ministry of Culture, I went to the headquarters in Nisch to negotiate the treatment of non-military researchers and at the same time to get the Bulgarian government to send suitable employees. I have achieved both goals.....

Александар Стамболијски. Његова Личност и Идеје према Документима сакупљеним и приреЪеним од Николе Д. Петков

Author(s): Nikola Dimitrov Petkov / Language(s): Serbian

L’Émigration Yougoslave (Serbo-Croato-Slovène)

Author(s): Christa Stamenovitch / Language(s): French

Digitized copy of the print-edition of 1929/1930 by A. Pedone Editeur in Paris, with a preface by William Oualid (Prof. of Law at the Law Faculty of Paris University) FROM OUALID's PREFACE:Ms Stamenovitch's book is the model of a national monograph on emigration. It would be desirable for similar ones to appear for each of the principal emigrant countries. Each of them has, in fact, its own causes of demographic exodus: distant and deep causes or immediate and superficial causes. Thus, the detailed and detailed table of the internal migrations of the vast movements of men inside what has become the unified Yugoslavia, shows that the movement goes back a long way in history, and the past partly sheds light on the present. But history should not overlook the influence of recent events: the murderous and devastating war, the political aspirations for independence, and economic aspirations for equality; deep reforms such as agrarian reform satisfying immediate demands, but perhaps cutting corners, sacrificing old institutions of human solidarity and social prosperity like the Zadrouga! With the precision of an agronomist, the objectivity of a scientist, the philosophy of a historian and the eclecticism of a politician, Ms Stamenovitch analyzed all aspects of emigration in her country. He did so with the honest patriotism of a man who fought and suffered for the freedom and unity of old Serbia. He also did it with the breadth of view of a man trained in science in our universities, able to consider the human side of major modern questions. There is no doubt that these qualities ensure his book the success it deserves.

Der Kampf zwischen Tschechen und Deutschen

Author(s): Emanuel Rádl / Language(s): German

Only step by step did I work my way out of the prevailing anti-German ideology and that is why I understand those who cannot free themselves from it. It is not enough to claim that you are not a “chauvinist,” that “patriotism is a vanquished point of view,” that you “do not hate the Germans,” etc. Many people allow themselves to be put to sleep by such empty phrases, so that they do not see that how deeply they are immersed in nationalism despite all their supposed tolerance. Because intolerance is deeply instilled in us and overcoming it requires more than just average, bourgeois “justice”. We must free ourselves from the fear that truth and justice can harm our interests; constant tolerance in practice and, above all, getting to know each other are required. Knowing how difficult it is to overcome national prejudices, I have no illusions about the success of this book. I know that I am not writing to thank many readers, even if I am not thinking about the agitators. But I know that I am right.

GESPRÄCHE MIT MASARYK, Denker und Staatsmann. Mit einem Lebensbild

Author(s): Emil Ludwig / Language(s): German

The following conversations were held at Lany Castle near Prague in German and were only slightly changed by the President during the review, but were deepened by longer theoretical insertions, especially in the third part. Where the spoken word remains unchanged, the character of the speaker shines through. For this time too, I was less interested in a statesman's position on all sorts of questions that he answered in his deeds and works than in a sketch of his character, which here, as everywhere else, best emerges from direct statements. A series of popular or original phrases, even in the revision, show how he answered my questions with immediate freshness. Despite his handling of philosophical categories, one will find great simplicity of expression. A 16 year old can understand each of the following pages; They are less suitable for writers and party people. This time too I didn't give the lead to the typical topics of freedom, socialism, technology and the like; They make the whole thing monotonous, turning the lively conversation into a debate. // PUBLISHED in 1935 by QUERIDO, Amsterdam

T.G. Masaryk. Mensch unter Menschen

Author(s): / Language(s): German

These stories about the great thinker and statesman Masaryk are a small contribution to the portrait of Masaryk as a man, who - as the anecdotes show quite clearly - was and is great even in the little things of everyday life

Dr. Edvard Beneš. Sein Leben

Author(s): Jaroslav Papoušek / Language(s): German

Masaryk - Beneš, How different personalities and yet how similar in origin, performance, willingness to sacrifice, courage, will, way of thinking. Personalities who complemented each other so much in fighting and working for the state. Apparitions, different in age, temperament and personal fate, but united by a friendship that arose from the agreement of goals and from the common struggle and the common devotion to the people and the state. Just as little can be said about their personal joys and sufferings, so much can be said about their work for the nation, state and humanity. That is why their biographies are so closely linked to the development of the people, to their struggles and successes. When Masaryk retired into private life, he recommended Beneš as his successor. He said, “I know him.” He could say this with greater certainty than most others. They had both thought, created and fought together for more than twenty years. This book is dedicated to this joint work, insofar as it was carried out by Beneš, which perhaps lists his services to the people and the state all too objectively and certainly only does partial justice to the topic. But at least this brief summary of biographical data sufficiently illustrates how and why, over the course of thirty years, the country child and student Beneš became a statesman of world renown and the successor to the president-liberator.

Latvieši Rakstu Krājums

Author(s): / Language(s): Latvian