Voda v západní Africe: Zdroj konfliktu, či podnět ke spolupráci?

Author(s): Miroslav Petruška / Language(s): Czech Issue: 2/2015

The article investigates the problem of sharing water from international water resources and focuses on the Niger River, the Senegal River, and the Volta River in West Africa. Its main aim is to examine the sharing of water provided by the mentioned important rivers and to point out the existence of conflicts or cooperation between the individual countries in the said river basins. When examining the situation related to the sharing of water from the mentioned rivers, the text will be based on two approaches. The first one shows the international water resources as a potential cause of conflicts, and the other one as a means allowing for the development of cooperation. In accordance with the approach, the reasons why water from the mentioned rivers becomes a source of conflicts will be discussed at first, followed by the discussion of the mechanisms supporting mutual cooperation between the individual countries in the said river basins. The aim of the article is to examine whether there is a danger of future conflicts over water in the basins of the Niger River, the Senegal River and the Volta River or an evolution of cooperation in this field.

A “Bulgarian Connection” in the Anthropological Research on the Catastrophes: Disasters and Cultural Stereotypes.Ed. by ElyaTzaneva with Fang Sumei and Edwin Schmitt. Cambridge Scholars Publishing, Newcastle, 2012.

Author(s): Rachko Popov / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2015

VODE IN RUDE KOT ODLOČILNI DEJAVNIKI ZA NASTANEK IN GOSPODARSKI VZPON MEŠČANSKIH NASELIJ NA SLOVENSKEM V PREDINDUSTRIJSKI DOBI

Author(s): Boris Golec / Language(s): Slovenian Issue: 10/2014

The creation and economic rise of certain civil settlements in Slovenia in the pre-industrial era is inextricably related to the exploitation of water resources and mineral wealth. Two villages became marketplaces thanks to water resources: in the 16th century, Vrhnika mostly because of Ljubljanica river navigation and river traffic; at the turn of the 17th and 18th century Dolenjske Toplice acquired the position of a marketplace, soon to lose it. River transport on Sava in the 18th and early 19th century significantly changed the economic and social profile of the medieval market called Litija; after it ceased due to the railway, a reversal occurred again. However, the exploitation of mineral wealth had even greater impact on formation of urban settlements than river transport. At the end of the Middle Ages, there was a marketplace Bela Peč (now in Italy), the only mining settlement that managed to acquire all the attributes of a marketplace with a developed autonomy. The place Idrija is certainly the biggest phenomenon of them all, with its mercury mining. Getting its marketplace status in late 17th century, Idrija was referred to as a mining town from mid-18th century onwards, and later a city (the second biggest one in Carniola); although on an overall level it lacked institutions of a city administration.

Malowniczość pejzażu dźwiękowego. O pewnym aspekcie estetycznego doświadczenia audiosfery

Author(s): Robert Losiak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 5/2015

In this article Losiak juxtaposes the reception of the soundscape with the aesthetic category of the picturesque. He outlines the concept of the soundscape, emphasizing its rootedness in the tradition of R. Murray Schafer’s acoustic ecology. He also relates the problem of the soundscape to the category of landscape and its interpretation in cultural studies. He points to the meaning of the aesthetic experience in relation to the soundscape, referring to the question of sensual perception as well as to aesthetic values. The neglected category of picturesqueness, Losiak concludes, is particularly useful in the aesthetic analysis of the soundscape, as it allows us to interpret our experience of a landscape within as well as outside of aesthetic contexts.

Lietuvos energetinio saugumo politikos poveikis visuomenės socialinei sanglaudai

Author(s): Dainius Genys,Ričardas Krikštolaitis / Language(s): Lithuanian Issue: 4/2015

The article aims to empirically investigate the impact of Lithuanian energy security policy on the social cohesion. This article is based on Jenson (1998) and Bernard (1999) researches and proposed analytical categories. The conceptual framework identifies specific – economic, political and socio-cultural – activity areas, which are analyzed to verify the dichotomies between public attitudes and actual behaviour of society. These dichotomies help to distinguish empirical dimensions, which allow to describe the impact of Lithuanian energy security policy on the social cohesion in quantitative data.

ЭКОЛОГИЯ И КУЛЬТУРА: МЫСЛИ О БУДУЩЕМ «ЭКСЦЕНТРИЧЕСКИХ» ГОРОДОВ ЮГА УКРАИНЫ

Author(s): Farida Tikhomirova / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/2013

The article deals with environmental future of cities founded in the late XVIII century, on the outskirts of the Russian Empire - Odessa, Sevastopol, Simferopol, Yalta. The author uses the semiotic definition of “excentric” city in the treatment of Y.Lotman and V.Benyamin. The city is considered as the antithesis of nature, the negative consequences of the struggle between nature and artifice are shown. The perspectives of forming environmental culture and environmental awareness of citizens through new interdisciplinary areas - urboekology, architectural ecology, cultural geography are investigated.

СОЦИАЛЬНЫЙ КОНСТРУКТИВИЗМ И ЗНАЧЕНИЕ МАТЕРИАЛЬНОГО В ЭКСПЛИКАЦИИ ПОНЯТИЯ «РЕГИОН»

Author(s): Elena Valentinova Golovneva / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/2015

This paper considers the main approaches to the definition of the concept “region”. The scientific research of this term is supposed to reveal the tendency to sophistication of the concept “region” due to the emphasizing the subjective elements in it`s structure. The author concludes about the importance of the ideas of constructivism in the ontological status of region as well as the relevancy of the material factor in the conceptualization of the region.

КУЛЬТУРНО-ПОЛИТИЧЕСКИЙ КОМБИНАТ» ПОД ОТКРЫТЫМ НЕБОМ: ЦЕНТРАЛЬНЫЙ ПАРК 1930х vs КЛУБНЫЕ САДЫ 1920х.: СЛУЧАЙ СВЕРДЛОВСКА

Author(s): Elena Sergeevna Kochukhova,E. Rabinovich / Language(s): Russian Issue: 2/2015

This paper considers the breaking of ideals of parks building in the USSR (at the turn of the 1920s-30s) during the creation of the Central culture and leisure park in Sverdlovsk. On the base of the materials of Soviet newspapers the authors reveal the typical recreation practices in city parks and clubs. Criticism of these practices is investigated as an element of new cultural tendencies. The metaphor of "cultural-political complex" is revealed through the idea of recreation as a productive force that makes up and develops human resources. Goals and tasks of new Central parks correspond with the project of the Sverdlovsk's Central park. The reasons that raised the question of implementation of this project are shown. The authors reconstruct the program, offered to the Park visitors in the early years of its work.

ОСОБЕННОСТИ СОЦИАЛЬНОГО ПОРЯДКА В ПОСТСОВЕТСКОМ ДАЧНОМ ПРОСТРАНСТВЕ: ТРУД, ПОКОЛЕНИЯ И ГЕНДЕР

Author(s): E.V. Polukhina / Language(s): Russian Issue: 3/2014

The article attempts to describe the social order of the post-soviet dacha space (summer country house): an organized system of relations determining the interactions of its members. The main research subject is dacha practices. The article is based on a field research applied in the case study strategy. The post-soviet dacha is represented as a social institution, an element of urban residents’ sustainable social development. It encourages the creation of stable social relationships, namely of family and neighbors. Being an urban family’s local territory, it allows to realize a family project (gender roles and age specific needs). The article discloses the ambivalent nature of dacha work which generates a multiple-meaning continuum from a type of labor as a ‘burden’ to a unique leisure activity. It is demonstrated how the dacha space gives its inhabitants freedom from the urbanized pace of life, while on the other hand suggesting its own social order.

ОСОБЕННОСТИ КУЛЬТУРНЫХ ЛАНДШАФТОВ ПРОМЫШЛЕННЫХ ГОРОДОВ СЕВЕРО-ЗАПАДА РОССИИ

Author(s): Zh.B. Solomina / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/2014

The author analyses the peculiarities of the northwest Russia industrial cities changes from the point of view of the cultural landscapes concept. The research is based on the space-time analysis of the city territories development. The author focuses on the changes of functions of natural-cultural complexes in the city space.

БЕЛАЯ БАШНЯ — (ВОС)СОЗДАНИЕ КУЛЬТУРНОГО НАСЛЕДИЯ ЕКАТЕРИНБУРГА

Author(s): Elena Sergeevna Kochukhova / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/2014

The article reveals the project units of the cultural heritage object – The Tank Tower – reconstruction. The conceptual integrity of the project and the actual preparation of the architectural memorial for restoration are estimated. On the grounds of this analysis the assumption is made that the events anticipating the White Tower restoration form the community of the citizens who are involved in the heritage recreation and understanding and create the environment which prevents the cultural heritage object from oblivion. The unique complex work aimed at the Tower preservation is considered as a combined result of the actions of the architecture initiative group “Podelniki”.

ИВАНОВО: URBI ET ORBI

Author(s): Mikhail Yur'yevich Timofeev / Language(s): Russian Issue: 5/2013

Настоящий номер нашего журнала обязан своим появлением задуманной год назад и прошедшей в сентябре нынешнего года в Иванове научной конференции «“Город не- вест”?: Брендинг территорий и региональные идентичности». Место проведения и про- диктовало акцентирование в её названии локальной специфики. Мероприятия, так или иначе связанные с проблемами культурной и гуманитарной географии, выявления терри- ториальных идентичностей и брендинга городов и областей, проходят в последние годы в России достаточно часто. Обычно это семинары для узкого круга специалистов. Мы же поставили своей целью собрать представителей разных областей знания, чтобы не только обменяться мнениями по широкому кругу вопросов, но и попытаться «найти общий язык», а именно — обсудить наиболее общие проблемы и определиться с основными категориями анализа и описания. К таковым относятся понятия «бренд», «имидж», «регион», «региона- лизм» и даже «идентичность». Хотя пик «моды» на использование этого термина, казалось бы, уже позади, однако рефлексия по поводу его использования в разных сферах социаль- но-гуманитарного знания продолжается [См., напр.: 2; 12].

ГЕОКУЛЬТУРНЫЙ БРЕНДИНГ ТЕРРИТОРИЙ: КОНЦЕПТУАЛЬНЫЕ ОСНОВЫ

Author(s): D. N. Zamyatin / Language(s): Russian Issue: 5/2013

Any territory – a village, a town, a small locality, a large region, a country, a macroregion, etc. – can be represented as a dedicated, thoroughly structured image. The image of the territory can be constructed, formed, as a geo-cultural brand. The article is devoted to the search for the conceptual grounds for the creation of these brands. The author refines the notions: image, geo-culture, geo-cultural space, image of the territory, figurative-geographical map. The article offers the characteristic of the geo-cultural branding of territories possible stages.

БРЕНД ТЕРРИТОРИИ КАК КЛЮЧЕВОЙ ФАКТОР ЕЁ РАЗВИТИЯ1

Author(s): A.O. Bulina / Language(s): Russian Issue: 5/2013

City and place branding has become increasingly popular in recent times. It was picked up by the Russian regions. Perhaps, in this case a gap between Russia and Western countries will benefit, since branding professionals will take into account experience, both positive and negative. It affects primarily the impact of the brand on the territory through the prism of human flows: tourist and professional and other. City or territory brand can be seen a marker in overcoming the problems associated with asymmetric and incomplete information. Building brand and marketing strategy for Russian regions can and should take into account previous experience but with caution on its own character.

ТЕРРИТОРИАЛЬНАЯ ИДЕНТИЧНОСТЬ В СОВРЕМЕННОМ ОБЩЕСТВЕ

Author(s): A.A. Musiyezdov / Language(s): Russian Issue: 5/2013

The article deals with analysis of specificities of territorial identities in contemporary society. Globalization processes affect different aspects of social life and problematize territorial identity. Various social actors faced with the necessity of expression their own distinctness and independence in these circumstances. The features of modern society that are of fundamental importance for the formation and functioning of territorial identities are the change in the balance of society and territory, on the one hand, and the change of identification mechanisms themselves, on the other hand. This leads to an increasing necessity of regional images designing. In this connection it is important to distinguish the formation of territorial images to promote sites on the one hand, and to provide a positive self of local inhabitants on the other hand. Mixing of these goals leads to inefficiency of practical action.

ОСНОВНЫЕ ТРЕНДЫ ПОЗИЦИОНИРОВАНИЯ РЕГИОНОВ РОССИЙСКОЙ АРКТИКИ

Author(s): M. V. Nazukina / Language(s): Russian Issue: 5/2013

The article analyzes the basic images that compose the Arctic identity in Russia's Arctic Regions. Identified the following meanings constituting singularity space as macro-Arctic Russia: climatic, national, socio-cultural, economic, geographic and symbolical.

АНАЛИЗ ОДНОГО ПРОЕКТА: «ПЕРМСКАЯ КУЛЬТУРНАЯ РЕВОЛЮЦИЯ» ГЛАЗАМИ СОЦИОЛОГА

Author(s): O.V. Ignatyeva,O.V. Lysenko / Language(s): Russian Issue: 5/2013

The article considers the Perm cultural project realization experience – the ambitious program of the cultural development of the region that was being implemented in 2008 – 2012 in the Perm region. On the basis of the modern cities’ sosieties analyses, and relying on the field research, document analyses, and personal surveys data, the authors analyse the key ideas of the project, the reaction of different social strata of the city society towards it, and some of its consequences. The draft version of the conditions required for the successful implementation of the projects dealing with the cultural politics of Russian regions and cities is presented in the article.

«КАЛИНИНГРАДСКИЙ ТЕКСТ» КАК РЕПРЕЗЕНТАЦИЯ РЕГИОНАЛЬНОЙ ИДЕНТИЧНОСТИ

Author(s): L.M. Gavrilina / Language(s): Russian Issue: 5/2013

The article addresses local texts as a representation of the regional identity and as a form and the method of its creation. During the two recent decades there has been a real boom of local texts which became a reaction vis-à-vis the existing identity crisis. This is the way for local communities to establish “the local order against background of a global chaos” in the context of the “liquid modernity” (Z. Bauman), by trying to make its space more meaningful through constructing special features of their locus. The author of the article defines the phenomenon of the “Kaliningrad text” as a “local super-text” that has emerged as a manifestation of the Kaliningrad sub-culture and representation of a regional identity. The article emphasizes structural characteristics of the “Kaliningrad super-text”, its key themes and tunes, the stages of its genesis and trends of its development.

АНТИ-«ГОРОД-НЕВЕСТ»?: ОБРАЗ ЗАПОРОЖЬЯ КАК «КАЗАЧЬЕГО МУЖСКОГО СОЮЗА», ИЛИ «НА ЗАПОРОЖСКУЮ СЕЧЬ ЖЕНЩИН НЕ ПУСКАЛИ»

Author(s): I.I. Lyman / Language(s): Russian Issue: 5/2013

Complex of problems associated with the formation of the image of Zaporozhzhye is considered in the context of reflections about the nature of the relationship between historical realities and myths, about the mechanisms of formation of the latter, about the specifics of influence on the images of certain areas of the real facts, events, processes and trends that have occurred in the past, their refraction in the folk tradition. Particular attention is paid to the stereotypes about celibacy of Zaporozhzhya Cossacks, the existence of Zaporozhzhya Sich on the island of Khortytsya, about city Zaporozhye as the "heart" of the Cossack land. Case study of Zaporozhzhye is indicative in terms of stereotypical characters that generate regional identity.

EKONOMSKI I ETIČKI IZAZOVI RAZVOJA U NAREDNOM PERIODU

Author(s): Drago Cvijanović,Branko Mihailović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 10/2015

Although business often does in unscientific and non-technological traditional way, ambition, competition and need for solving all kinds of business problems have motivated the companies to learn, even to sponsor scientific and technological work. The economy, science and technology works closely, started from the time of industrial revolution. Communication and information technologies have been in focus of influential events in past decades, while biotechnology seems to be the most important area for cooperation among economy, technology and science, during the 21st Century. At the same time when new challenges of globalization have appeared a significant interest has been directed to development of new methods of settling manifold impacts of business in the society. Many of those impacts are far-reaching and profound, like: pollution of the environment caused by production, transport and use of the specific products; increasing problem of waste disposal and its management; devastating consequences for an individual and local communities due to the closing down of local enterprises, reduction of the size and number of employees; erosion of local cultures and the environment. Accordingly, in this paper we have done researches of economic and ethical factors of development in the forthcoming period. The research results show that among these factors there is a relation of a reciprocal determinism.