Innowacje w aktywizowaniu seniorów w Polsce

Author(s): Andrzej Rokicki / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2016

The article concerns an extremally important issue of sociaties ageing and the necessity of activating seniors that stems from it. The author has presented the beneficial effect of seniors activeness for themselves and for the whole society as well. This publication shows the offer and various forms of activity that Universities of The Third Age provide for seniors in Poland. The author has also presented the values and advantages of senelity to young generations.

Przemiany demograficzne w polskich uzdrowiskach w ostatnim półwieczu

Author(s): Zbigniew Długosz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2011

The changes taking place in the last 50 years as a result of the economic transformation, as well as other phenomena, have affected the general conditions of the sociodemographic development, a process also visible in towns and cities of Poland. The aim of the study is to present the demographic situation in towns which at the same time function as health resorts, as regards the state and dynamics of population, migrations, as well as the fundamental demographic structures.

Czasowo-przestrzenna dynamika rozwoju demograficznego miasta Tokio po II wojnie światowej

Author(s): Rajmund Mydel / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2007

Zróżnicowanie rasowe, etniczne, klasowo-warstwowe i wyznaniowe społeczeństwa amerykańskiego w świetle danych spisowych z 2000 roku

Author(s): Tadeusz Paleczny / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2004

Edukacja rodziny w zakresie tanatologii. Interpretacja wyników badań własnych

Author(s): Anna Pabiańczyk / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2005

Integracja a transnarodowa migracja wahadłowa (na przykładzie Polaków w Wiedniu)

Author(s): Rajmund Mydel,Heinz Fassmann / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2004

Powojenne migracje oraz ich wpływ na wzrost znaczenia obcokrajowców w strukturze demograficznej państw Unii Europejskiej

Author(s): Mirosław Wójtowicz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 4/2004

Olumsuz Düşünce Döngüsü ve Kolektif Şükranın İşyeri Mutluluğuna Etkisi

Author(s): Onur Oktaysoy,Erdoğan Kaygın,Ethem Topçuoğlu / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 1/2023

Purpose – The aim of this study is to determine the rumination and collective gratitude levels of employees working in public institutions, to reveal the effect of demographic characteristics on these concepts, and to determine whether there is a significant relationship between related concepts and workplace happiness. Design/methodology/approach – The population of the research consists of employees working in public institutions in Kars province. A questionnaire form was used to collect data. The scale consisting of 9 questions, developed by Salas-Vallina and Alegre (2021) for the measurement of happiness at work and translated into Turkish by Yozgat and Bilginoğlu (2020), the scale consisting of 12 questions, developed by Akgün et al. (2016) for the measurement of collective gratitude levels and the scale consisting of 20 question scale developed by Brinker and Dozois (2009) and adapted into Turkish by Karatepe (2010) was used to measure the rumination. The data obtained within the scope of the research from a total of 383 participants were interpreted through various SPSS and AMOS programs. Results – As a result of the regression tests, it was determined that rumination had no effect on happiness at work. It was determined that collective gratitude had a positive effect on happiness at work (R2=0.216) and a positive effect on rumination (R2=0.058). In addition, significant differences were found in the study according to demographic variables. Discussion – In the study, a low-level positive effect is not an expected result between the collective gratitude and the negative thought cycle, but a negative significant relationship is expected to be observed. This situation does not comply with the literature and it is thought that the reason for this finding is related to the effect of Kars on public employees.

İstanbul Büyükşehir Belediyesi Hızır Acil Ambulans Çalışanlarının Motivasyonunu Etkileyen Faktörlerin İncelenmesi

Author(s): Özgür Burmalı,Sümeyye Kuşakcı / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 1/2023

Purpose – Emergency ambulance staff is working within the scope of emergency health services provide a vital service. The aim of this study is primarily to reveal the factors that determine the motivation of emergency ambulance workers. In addition, it will be investigated whether the factors affecting the motivation of emergency ambulance workers differ in the context of demographic characteristics. Design/Methodology/Approach- The study was carried out for Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality Hızır Emergency ambulance employees. The main body of the research consists of 14 doctors, 120 paramedics, 144 ATTs and 120 drivers working in 112 Hızır Emergency ambulances affiliated to IMM at 35 stations from Silivri to Kartal in the province of Istanbul. A questionnaire was used as a data collection tool in the research. The questionnaire consists of 56 questions and three parts. SPSS 25 program was used to evaluate the collected data. Results – While the motivation of the ambulance personnel differed according to the type of duty, age and seniority in the institution, it did not differ according to gender, educational status and marital status. Again, it has been determined that the perceptions of the ambulance workers about the factors affecting their motivation differ according to the type of duty, age, education level and seniority in the institution, but not according to gender and marital status. On the other hand, it has been seen that the most effective factor on the motivation of ambulance workers is organizational and managerial factors, while economic factors have the least effect. Discussion – The results of the research show parallelism with similar studies in the literature. However, there are also studies that found different results in terms of the effect of gender, marital status and education level on motivation. In addition, there are studies which have argued that economic factors are the most significant among all motivational factors.

Determinants of Pharmaceutical Expenditure in OECD Countries: Evidence from Panel Data

Author(s): Hasan BAĞCI / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2023

Purpose – The objective of this study is to identify the main factors affecting pharmaceutical expenditures in the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries. Design/methodology/approach – In this study, it was investigated whether the university graduate rate (UNI), the unemployment rate (UNEMP), gross domestic product per capita (GDP) in Purchasing Power Parity (PPP $), and the number of physicians per 1,000 people (PHY) affected per capita pharmaceutical expenditures (PHAR) (PPP $) by using panel data analysis. The population of the study was 33 OECD countries whose data were available. The data consisted of the time period of 2013-2016. Results – GDP and UNI statistically significantly increased PHAR (p<0.05). The UNEMP and PHY also increased PHAR, but the effects of these variables were not found to be statistically significant (p>0.05). The variables included in the model explained 22% of the variance in PHAR. Conclusion – PHAR are affected by economic factors and sociodemographic factors as well as health systems' structure. Therefore, governments wishing to control pharmaceutical expenditures should also focus on these variables.

Cinsiyetçi Dil Kullanımı ile Demografik Değişkenler Arasındaki İlişkilerin İncelenmesi

Author(s): Hulusi Özdemir,Fırat Başbuğ,Sezin Andic / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 29/2023

The aim of this study is to analyse the impact of language on gender roles. In particular, the study investigated the extent to which traditional masculinity roles are adopted and how this adoption process depends on demographic factors. The research sample consists of 239 female participants (65.7%) and 125 male participants (34.3%). The age range of the participants was determined as 18 to 40 years. The average age of the participants was 26.57 (SD= 5.57). Demographic information form and Masculinity Roles Scale were used as data collection tools. In the analysis of the data, t-test for independent groups and correlation analyses were performed. The results of the research may indicate that while males adopt all traditional masculinity roles more than females, males may use a language that reflects a sexist attitude and this language may show more prominent features in daily communication. Mother and father education levels may play a determining role in the use of sexist language. If the mother's level of education is low, the use of sexist language may become more prominent and the opposition of status, masculinity and femininity may be more prominent in this language. Low level of father's education may emphasise sexism. While sexist identity decreased with increasing age, it was observed that this decrease became more evident as the level of education increased. This study emphasises the important role of language in the construction of gender roles and communication. According to the research, it establishes a complex relationship between language, thought and gender perceptions and this relationship can be influenced by demographic factors. Therefore, it is important to consider factors such as social influences and educational level in order to understand and reduce sexist language.

The multifactor analysis (Environmental, educational and socioeconomic factors) on Turkish life expectancy

Author(s): Ertan Kara,Hasan Göksel Özdilek,Burcu Mestav / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2024

Although socioeconomic, environmental and medical factors have been improved over the past three decades in Türkiye, countrywide average expected life is still under 80 years today despite the fact that the life expectancy of newborn in the EU was 81.0 years as of 2018 (EUROSTAT, 2019). In this paper, we analyzed factors determining life expectancy in Türkiye. Education, population, forest area, traffic, water use, solid waste produced, economic growth, etc. are taken into account. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between factors and life expectancy in provinces in Türkiye. It was concluded that three statistically significant factors (average year in education, air quality (SO2 ), and tractor count) are exist and determine lifespan of Turkish people.

Improving mental health and quality of life of aging population

Author(s): Aliyeva Gulshan Aliaskar / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2024

Purpose: Old age has interested humanity since ancient times. Initially, old age was associated with wisdom; scientists looked for the causes of aging and death in order to prolong life. Currently, we are faced with the phenomenon of an aging population, but at the same time old age is perceived rather negatively. The accumulation of this discontent with the predominance of the elderly over the young gives rise to the problem of mutual understanding and mutual acceptance of generations. The task of psychologists in this case is to prevent the growth of tension in society and help in establishing contact between representatives of different generations. Due to the complex nature of old age and the many different losses that can be mentally and physically difficult for people in this period of life, it is extremely important to unite specialists from different professions - doctors, psychologists, social workers involved in the care, treatment and support of an elderly person. According to the 2019 World Population Prospects, by 2050, one in six people in the world will be over age 65, up from one in 11 in 2019. By 2050, one in four persons living in Europe and Northern America could be aged 65 or over. In 2018, for the first time in history, persons aged 65 or above outnumbered children under five years of age globally. The number of persons aged 80 years or over is projected to triple, from 143 million in 2019 to 426 million in 2050 (United Nations www.un.org/en/global-issues/ageing ). Mental health and quality of life of this population have been searched by special institutions, independent researchers, state and non-government organizations. The main aim of this study is to do deep research according to literature analyzing and survey results with elderly population in Azerbaijan. Design, Materials and methods: The main aim of the article is to describe psychological aspects of aging using literature materials and case materials from the survey in 2019-2020, in Azerbaijan. The present study was designed to assess mental health issues of elderly population. Participants (n = 200) were elder groups from Azerbaijan, who completed the WHO QOL Scale, the PHQ-9 and survey Questionnaire. Conclusion: According to the findings of the research, it was determined that there was a significant differences on measures of depression across most demographic categories and figures of depression symptoms between participants with and without a family support (F=1,725; df=152; t=-2,5; sig.p=0,191). However, it was determined that there was a distinctive indicators of Quality of life of older adults, and also about their future expectations (F=2,3; df=198; t=-7,1; sig.p=0.131). According to the literature and the results of the surveys, older adults’ mental health problems and QOL indicators related to conditions, where they live. The depression figures increase when they are faced with different abuse, discrimination. WHO develop special programs to support the mental health of older adults include the development of scalable psychological interventions to address various mental health problems, research and guidance on interventions to reduce social isolation and loneliness, and cost–effective solutions to prevent abuse of older adults (WHO, 2023)

X, Y ve Z Kuşağı Hemşirelerin Sağlık Sorunları Nedeniyle İşte Var Olamama Düzeylerinin Karşılaştırılması

Author(s): Ayşe ÇIÇEK KORKMAZ,Yeliz TOK / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 23/2024

This study was conducted to determine the levels of presenteeism among nurses from generations X, Y, and Z and to examine the differences in these levels based on their health problems. The research was applied to 514 nurses through an online data collection tool, and the data were analyzed using the SPSS 23.0 statistical software package. The findings have shown that the Generation X nurses are more experienced compared to the other two generations and generally have more trust in their managers and colleagues. Generation Y nurses were identified as the group most affected by health problems such as joint pain, musculoskeletal system problems, and sleep disorders. Generation Z, being younger and newly graduated, generally shows a more positive approach to the profession. The analyses indicated that Generation Y has the highest average level of presenteeism compared to the other generations. Generation Z has the lowest, and Generation X is at a moderate level of presenteeism. Furthermore, significant differences were found in the presenteeism scores among nurses from different generations based on their health issues. These results indicate that nurse managers need to pay attention to the specific health issues of nurses from different generations and develop appropriate approaches.

Turizm Sektöründe Emekli Girişimciliğinin Tematik Biyografik Anlatı Analizi ile Değerlendirilmesi

Author(s): Sultan Nazmiye Kılıç / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 1/2024

Purpose – Today, with the changing living conditions and graying socio-demographic structure, it has become necessary to study the middle-aged group from different dimensions. The concept of retirement, a significant milestone in an individual's life, can have diverse social and economic impacts. Understanding the processes of individuals who engage in tourism entrepreneurship after retirement, based on their life stories, can contribute to the development of policies, literature, and sectoral practices. In this study, the objective is to shed light on the phenomenon of retired entrepreneurship in tourism by thematically analyzing the biographical narratives of individuals who have started tourism entrepreneurship after retirement. Design/methodology/approach – Within the scope of the purpose of the research, Turkish pages providing biographical information, which were accessed through web browsing using keywords, were evaluated. Since case studies and entrepreneurial experiences are included on the relevant pages, 23 biographical narratives that were determined to present the individual's entrepreneurial story and biography were included in the research and analyzed thematically. MAXQDA program was used during the coding process. Findings – After analyzing the experiences of entrepreneurs in the study, 18 codes were identified under the themes of " motivation", " facilitating and supporting factors " and " contribution of the tourism enterprise to the individual ". The study found that social and psychological factors were the most emphasized elements in the biographical narratives. It has been noted that specific factors motivate retired individuals and intersect with the contributions of entrepreneurial activities to support active aging. Previous professions and family support significantly contribute to new ventures. It has been determined that self-awareness and recognizing personal interests contribute to the development of new entrepreneurial opportunities in the retirement period. Additionally, the activities of retired entrepreneurs have been found to support the preservation of cultural heritage and produce outputs for the benefit of society. Discussion – When the findings were evaluated, it was understood that individuals' pre-retirement interests, experiences and values are important for entrepreneurial activities after retirement. In this regard, offering enriching experiences for individuals in social life through the principle of lifelong learning can encourage new entrepreneurial activities. It may be beneficial to develop programs preparing individuals for post-retirement life and to implement social programs supporting individuals to remain socially active and healthy in the policies prepared and academic studies carried out.

Demografski otisak kriza u Križevcima 18. stoljeća s posebnim osvrtom na „Veliku glad“ 1785.-1787.

Author(s): Zdenko Balog / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 8-9/2024

The proposed study provides an overview of demographic trends in Križevci throughout the latter part of the 18th century, with an emphasis on collective crises and accidents. In addition to other documented disasters, the research focuses on epidemics and the spread of diseases that lead to higher mortality, childlessness, and famine years. The material is mostly drawn from parish (registry) books. This method is based on statistical analyses of the frequency of events (births, marriages, deaths) and particularly of anomalies, in other words – greater positive and negative deviations from the mean and predicted values. Repeating the pattern results in the formation of what is known as a „demographic footprint.“ The demographic footprint can be different depending on the type of threat or accident. This methodology can be applied by identifying the demographic footprint through documented and detailed accidents; additionally, threats and accidents can be reconstructed using the parish register’s identified demographic footprint. The plague of 1767-1768, the fire in 1775, the health crises of 1779 -1782 and 1784 – 1785, and the ‘great famine’ of 1785 – 1787 are investigated. Because the demographic footprints overlap and mix, it is impossible to distinguish out exact years of starvation, childlessness, or higher disease-related mortality due to the frequency of major social threats. The overall balance of births and deaths over a number of years appears to indicate that this is one of the most challenging times in the Križevci’s history

Active aging: the university as a health-enhancer space

Author(s): Silvia Virginia Coutinho Areosa,Cristiane Davina Redin Freitas,Liane Mahlmann Kippe / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2024

This article seeks to discuss the general health status of the elderly participating in an extension course lasting two years at the University of Santa Cruz do Sul, as well as to compare the results of this study with international studies in order to define actions for aging. To investigate the health status of the elderly, a descriptive quantitative and qualitative study was conducted, at 2014 and 2015, with 47 elderly people as sample. Instruments were used to have the cognitive functions and overall health situation of the elders assessed. The study presents the perspective of successful aging focusing on the following aspects: low probability of disease, good functional capacity (physical and cognitive), and active participation in the community. The studied sample has characteristics that, in some way, corroborate the general health status and the quality of life conditions, such as: the many years of study, the continuous search for activities related to knowledge, the involvement in different physical activities and leisure, socializing with family and friends. A random selection of international studies was also carried out for the purpose of data comparison. The research carried out added to the results of the comparative studies, demonstrated that, the insertion in university programs contributes in the prevention of the cognitive decline and the general state of health, contributing to a self-esteem and maintenance of the mental health, which reflects in an aging with quality of life.

Homelessness and psychosocial resources: the role of stress and psychological capital

Author(s): Tony Cassidy,Patrice Reilly / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2024

Objective: Homelessness is widely recognised as a social problem which has major health consequences for those who experience the condition. The aims of the study were to a) to develop a brief homelessness stress scale based on previous evidence, b) determine whether the experience of being homeless is a source of psychological distress, c) determine whether stress is associated with negative health behaviour and psychological disturbance and d) investigate psychosocial variables that may mediate the experience of stress. Method: A total of 189 individuals (132 males and 57 females) experiencing homelessness, based in one of two UK cities completed face-to face surveys with validated measures focusing on psychological capital, social support, health behaviours, stress, and psychological wellbeing. Results: Participants recorded significantly lower levels of psychological capital and social support and significantly higher levels of psychological distress compared to normative scores. Analysis suggests that low SES, and mental health issues are associated with lower perceived social support, lower psychological capital scores and higher perceived stress levels. Discussion: Findings suggest the potentially utility of psychological capital as a measure of psychological resources contributing to the resilience of vulnerable homeless individuals.

Negative momentum. Rok 2050 z perspektywy sytuacji ludnościowej Polski oraz Ukrainy

Author(s): Mateusz Kamionka,Przemysław Łukasik / Language(s): Polish Issue: 30/2023

The influx of Ukrainians to Poland, whether for temporary or permanent work, is a progressive process (before the outbreak of the Russian-Ukrainian war in February 2022, there were1.5 million Ukrainians in Poland). From the perspective of this process, it is interesting to lookat Poland and Ukraine as systems in which population is one of the resources. The aim of thetext is to compare both countries in terms of solutions aimed at improving the demographicsituation. The article highlights the processes that affect the flows / processes within this resource (aging, migrations). Feedback loops that have an impact on population policy, and morebroadly on the political goals set by both countries, will also be indicated. The system analysiswill be supported by the analysis of the content of the documents and analyzes defining thechallenges and goals set by Poland and Ukraine

Quality of Life for the Elderly in the Jeulingke Health Center in Banda Aceh, Indonesia

Author(s): Khairani Khairani,Hajjul Kamil,Muhammad Yusuf,Yeni Marlina / Language(s): English Issue: 7/2023

The increase in the elderly population has several impacts on various aspects of life, such as social, economic and health. Moreover, various physical, cognitive and psychological changes occur in older people in the health field. Besides, life expectancy and quality of life are also significant for older people. The main goal of this study was to determine the elderly quality of life in Jeulingke Health Center Banda Aceh. This quantitative descriptive study involved 100 older adults. Data were collected through simple random sampling. The data collection tool used was the World Health Organization Quality of Life-Bref (WHOQOL) concept questionnaire, which consisted of 4 domains: biological, psychological, social, and environmental. Data were analyzed using descriptive analysis. The results showed that 59% of respondents had a high quality of life, with 52% having a high biological domain, 56% having a high psychological environment, 57% having a low social field and 57% having a high environmental part. It is hoped that the Head of the Jeulingke Community Health Center in Banda Aceh can improve the quality of life of older people through a group mentoring program for elderly families.