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Climate change in 2010

Climate change in 2010

Author(s): Juraj Mesík / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

In December 2009, after a distressful and for the European Commission and the EU member states’ governments’ frustrating developments, The United Nations Copenhagen conference on climate change concluded with a document, whose essential purpose was to conceal from the world a global political fiasco. The result of negotiations was not a binding agreement, which would commit parties to clearly defined and measurable goals in reducing their CO2 emissions and other greenhouse gases. It was neither an agreement on a regime that would replace the Kyoto Protocol regulating trade in greenhouse gas emissions after 2012. From a diplomatic standpoint, for Europe it was quite humiliating, that the final document – albeit toothless – was drafted behind closed doors under the direction of the United States of America, China, India, Brazil and South Africa. It is not surprising that the drafted and later on adopted document from a global warming perspective, was completely ineffective and, moreover, non-binding.

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Development cooperation and Slovakia in 2010

Development cooperation and Slovakia in 2010

Author(s): Ján Mihálik,Peter Brezáni,Nora Beňáková / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The year 2010 was a long-anticipated milestone in the field of official development assistance. The EU donor countries committed themselves to spending the amount worth 0.33 per cent (for EU15) or 0.17 per cent of GDP (for new member states) respectively on development cooperation by 2010. Not only the financial crisis but also the long-criticized unwillingness to increase the development assistance budget in the times of enormous economic growth has led Slovakia into an embarrassing position, as roughly a half of the minimum agreed GDP percentage is spent on development assistance. Unfortunately, it is still true that instead of discussing meaningful increase and the capacity building matters, Slovakia is forced to reflect on the possible ways of maintaining at least the attained level from previous years. The fact that the agreed level has not been attained by the majority of EU countries could not pose any consolation.

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Development Cooperation and Slovakia in 2009

Development Cooperation and Slovakia in 2009

Author(s): Ján Mihálik,Peter Brezáni / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The year 2009 was, from the point of view of Slovak official development assistance (ODA or Slovak Aid hereafter), the first year of implementing the new Medium-Term Strategy for Official Development Assistance of the Slovak Republic for the years 2009-2013. It was also significant for the efforts to take steps in the desired strategic direction. On the other hand, it also bore the consequences of the hectic transformations made in the previous years as well as of continual personnel changes. Ostensibly it could even be labeled a year of search for a sure footing for the very first step in the direction set by the Medium-Term Strategy. What is, however, left out of this orientation are important pillars such as properly determined systems, a personnel base, evaluations and expert discussion to enable the specific practical implementation of plans. It was at the same time the last year before the expected milestone represented by a commitment to be achieved by Slovakia and other new EU Member States adopted by the Council of the European Union, i.e. to earmark 0.17% of their GDP for development assistance in 2010. All indicators show quite unambiguously that the obligation (just as with the other countries) will not be met on our part. The year 2009 was, inter alia, a year when the winds of the global economic and financial crisis were seen for the very first time within the ODA budget. This was distinctly in evidence as the national budget for 2010 was being drafted: the volume of funds earmarked in the draft budget for the project part of development cooperation was, compared with 2009, reduced by 60%, while several ministries did not plan any financial means at all for development cooperation of their own. Finally, the issue of climate change impacts on our ODA was fully broached in 2009. Although not visible at the moment, a new priority broke into Slovak development assistance that will in an important way influence Slovakia’s thinking in the area of development assistance in the coming years.

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The Performance of the SR in the UN Security Council

The Performance of the SR in the UN Security Council

Author(s): Ivo Samson / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

From January 2006, Slovakia has been carrying out its two year mandate as a nonpermanent member of the UN Security Council (UN SC). It bears – in accordance with the UN Charter – still an exclusive responsibility for international peace and security, despite an increasing number of surfacing opinions about the failure of the initial hope (in the intentions of chapter VII. of the UN Charter), that “the new world order could be founded on the UN” and its “centre” (i.e. the UN SC). This doubt represents (quite rightfully), that the UN has simply not become a binding warrantor of the post-war world order, as spoken of in the UN Charter. Nevertheless, the exclusive position of the UN (especially the UN SC) is still formally in force and the Slovak republic (SR) officially considers its membership in this exceptional body as “something that increases the prestige of the country”.

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Western Balkans in the shadow of storms

Western Balkans in the shadow of storms

Author(s): Július Lőrincz / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

When looking at the Western Balkans of 2016, we can hardly find a more apt description of the events and relations of this southeastern region of the European continent than to say that it was a turbulent year. The development oscillated between hope and cautious optimism on the one hand, and descent into the depth of disruption, despair, and the growing threat of destabilization on the other. In 2016 we far too often witnessed abrupt changes, ranging from good news to depressing reports. One example of such developments were the events of spring 2016 in connection with relations between Serbia and Croatia, which at the time had exhibited a clearly upward trend that culminated at Subotica on June 20th. There, Serbian Prime Minister Aleksandar Vučić, and President of the Republic of Croatia Kolinda Grabar-Kitarović, after friendly joint visits to Croatian Slavonia and Serbian Vojvodina, signed a declaration on enhancing their relations and solving the open issues between the two countries. Under point one of the declaration, the parties committed themselves to enhancing the bilateral protection of minorities – both the Serbian minority in Croatia and the Croatian minority in Serbia. Point two of the declaration stipulates an immediate start of negotiations in order to define the border line between Croatia and Serbia. Under point three, the two countries agreed to accelerate the implementation of an agreement on the post-Yugoslavian succession, signed in Vienna on June 29, 2001. And fourth, the parties declared that the search for missing persons after the war of the early 1990s is a priority humanitarian issue, and that the maximum effort will be made to determine their fate.

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Západný Balkán – náročnou cestou premien

Západný Balkán – náročnou cestou premien

Author(s): Július Lőrincz / Language(s): Slovak Publication Year: 0

Situácia na západnom Balkáne, politický, spoločenský, ekonomický a sociálny pohyb v krajinách tejto oblasti juhovýchodu európskeho kontinentu, takisto ich vzájomný vzťah a kontext tamojšieho vývoja s pohybom v Európe a vo svete vôbec je už mnoho rokov jednou z priorít pozornosti a aktivít slovenskej zahraničnej politiky. Záujem Slovenska sa v roku 2014 sústredil na podporu úsilia stabilizovať pomery vnútri jednotlivých štátov i v susedských vzťahoch, na podporu reforiem, ďalej na otázky budovania právneho štátu a integrácie spoločnosti a tamojších štátov do euroatlantických štruktúr. Trendy v týchto okruhoch tém sú nepochybne pozitívne, napr. Albánsko získalo ako ďalšia krajina regiónu štatút kandidáta na členstvo v Európskej únii, dobre napreduje proces postupného včleňovania Čiernej Hory do Únie a jej približovanie sa k štruktúram Severoatlantickej aliancie, Srbsko otvorilo prístupové rokovania na prvej medzivládnej konferencii s Európskou komisiou a teraz sa pripravuje začať rokovania o prvých konkrétnych kapitolách budúcej dohody o začlenení do Únie atď. Pripomeňme si, že o týchto okruhoch tém a problémov sa hovorilo priamo v Zamerania zahraničnej a európskej politiky Slovenskej republiky na rok 2014.

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Slovensko v nekrízovom roku EÚ

Slovensko v nekrízovom roku EÚ

Author(s): Vladimír Bilčík / Language(s): Slovak Publication Year: 0

Tento text stručne analyzuje podstatné udalosti v európskej politike Slovenskej republiky počas roku 2013. Na pôsobenie SR v EÚ vplývali najmä dva faktory. Prvým bola stabilná vláda, a tým pádom aj jasný slovenský hlas v Bruseli, čo však neznamená, že Slovensko úspešne plnilo všetky európske (domáce) úlohy. Zjavným problémom krajiny je už dlhodobo schopnosť čerpať ponúknutý balík štrukturálnych fondov. Druhým faktorom bola stabilná situácia v EÚ. V porovnaní s predchádzajúcimi rokmi členské štáty prestali riešiť akútnu krízu eurozóny. Intenzita a obsah európskej politiky sa vrátili do normálu spred vypuknutia dlhodobej krízy. Únia sa aj vďaka dlhodobej podpore SR rozšírila o Chorvátsko, ktoré vstúpilo do integračného klubu ako 28. členský štát 1. júla 2013.

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Slovenská rozvojová spolupráca v roku 2012

Slovenská rozvojová spolupráca v roku 2012

Author(s): Nora Beňáková ,Peter Brezáni,Ján Mihálik / Language(s): Slovak Publication Year: 0

Hneď na úvod možno konštatovať, že v roku 2012 sa v oblasti rozvojovej spolupráce niečo podarilo viac, niečo menej a na ostatné nebolo dosť času, kapacít, možností či vôle. V roku 2012 poskytlo Slovensko oficiálnu rozvojovú pomoc v celkovom objeme 60,98 mil. eur. Podiel ODA na hrubom národnom dôchodku tak predstavoval 0,087 %. Na porovnanie, v roku 2011 sme „pomáhali“ za 61,91 mil. eur s podielom na HND vo výške 0,091 %. V absolútnych číslach ide teda o pokles o 930 000 eur. Naďalej platí, že pri súčasnom objeme poskytovanej rozvojovej pomoci a bez výrazného navýšenia prostriedkov si SR nedokáže splniť medzinárodné záväzky, v rámci ktorých sa spoločne s ostatnými novými členskými štátmi Európskej únie (EÚ 12) zaviazala dosiahnuť v roku 2015 podiel poskytovanej pomoci na HND vo výške 0,33 %. Slovensko sa vo vzťahu výdavkov na ODA k HND v rámci uvedenej skupiny krajín umiestnilo rovnako ako rok predtým na 9. mieste. Za nami boli Rumunsko, Bulharsko a Lotyšsko.

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Slovenská republika a Európska únia v roku 2011

Slovenská republika a Európska únia v roku 2011

Author(s): Vladimír Bilčík / Language(s): Slovak Publication Year: 0

Nasledujúci text hodnotí podstatné udalosti v slovenskej európskej politike. Pri analýze pôsobenia Slovenskej republiky v Európskej únii je dôležité mať na zreteli prinajmenšom tri rôzne kontexty: • miesto SR v súčasnej EÚ, • perspektívy budúcej integrácie • a domácu tvorbu európskej politiky. Rok 2011 sa ukázal ako významný z pohľadu každého z týchto kontextov. Na jednej strane sa Slovenská republika zaradila do politického jadra Únie. Na druhej strane sú fungovanie a udržateľnosť tohto jadra v najbližších rokoch otázne. V rámci SR sme zažili politicky najvýznamnejšiu diskusiu o mieste krajiny v EÚ, keď pri hlasovaní o navýšení takzvaného dočasného eurovalu v októbri 2011 padla vláda premiérky Ivety Radičovej.

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Zahraničná politika Slovenska v roku 2010 z pohľadu prezidenta Slovenskej republiky

Zahraničná politika Slovenska v roku 2010 z pohľadu prezidenta Slovenskej republiky

Author(s): Ivan Gašparovič / Language(s): Slovak Publication Year: 0

The hectic international development in the first months of 2011 created an impression that 2010 was not very dynamic or even indistinct from the foreign policy perspective. However, we should not succumb to this delusion. Since the outbreak of the 2008–2009 global financial and economic crisis, the international development commenced its long journey of global or local turbulences that follow in the international events of 2010 and have continued with dramatic changes in the Arab world in 2011. As for Slovak foreign policy, it was also a year of changes in the government, the leadership of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and on the emphasis on specific aspects of foreign policy.

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Zahraničná politika Slovenska v roku 2007 optikou ministra zahraničných vecí SR

Zahraničná politika Slovenska v roku 2007 optikou ministra zahraničných vecí SR

Author(s): Ján Kubiš / Language(s): Slovak Publication Year: 0

The year 2007 was the fifteenth year of Slovakia’s independence. In that time the Slovak Republic has transformed from a country striving to strengthen its identity and prove itself, building administrative capacities and its position in international relations almost from zero – to a country which is firmly anchored in reliable and secure integration structures of the world and active in the most significant relations of international events. Although Slovakia is not a great power, in its own way it managed to create adequate conditions for the promotion of its interests as well as unambiguously and consistently to operate in favor of the international community while applying the principles of democracy, humanity and solidarity in the fight for human rights and against poverty and other global threats. Although this road was not straight and smooth all the way, during the 15 years the development towards the clearly set integration goals gained momentum and in a relatively short period of time Slovakia was able to achieve strategically significant progress in its international political position.

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Pôsobenie Slovenskej republiky v Bezpečnostnej rade OSN (2006 – 2007)

Pôsobenie Slovenskej republiky v Bezpečnostnej rade OSN (2006 – 2007)

Author(s): Peter Burian / Language(s): Slovak Publication Year: 0

Our membership in the United Nations Security Council (UNSC) was a unique opportunity to show that the Slovak Republic is a responsible member of the international community capable of contributing to the resolution of both global and regional issues. It was historically the first membership of the independent Slovak Republic in the UNSC, which is generally considered the most effective instrument for dealing with the questions of international peace and security. Slovakia was thus given the historically first opportunity to assume an appropriate share of global responsibility and directly take part in the resolution of current security issues and challenges in the world and in the adoption of the relevant decisions of this body. In this spirit, we pursued the following basic objectives and principles during the UNSC membership: • promotion of democratic values and rigorous application of the principles of international law with the goal of contributing to both the resolution of crisis situations in the world and to the effective operation of this UN body; • reinforcement of the international standing of the SR as a country capable of contributing to the resolution of complex international problems; • utilization of the SR’s unique transition experience, Slovak diplomacy’s expert potential, and comprehensive knowledge of certain regions to enrich the UNSC debate and to seek effective solutions intended to reinforce regional as well as global security and stability; • rigorous defense of SR’s interests and security priorities as laid down in The Security Strategy of the SR; effective application of the Common Foreign and Security Policy of the EU; • active contribution to the effective operation of the UNSC and to the reinforcement of its transparency and openness, in particular towards other UN member states, including complex reform of the UNSC and the reform of its working methods. I believe that the results we achieved while pursuing the afore-mentioned objectives, as well as the impression we have left behind in the UNSC thanks to the superior and responsible execution of our membership, fully reaffirm that we have handled the exceptionally demanding task very well. The experience and reputation our foreign service has gained during the Security Council membership needs to be utilized adequately in the upcoming years to further our standing on the international scene. One of the ways of achieving this is also building upon what we have started and accomplished in the Security Council.

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Vystúpenie podpredsedníčky vlády SR pre európsku integráciu Márie Kadlečíkovej

Vystúpenie podpredsedníčky vlády SR pre európsku integráciu Márie Kadlečíkovej

Author(s): Mária Kadlečíková / Language(s): Slovak Publication Year: 0

From the European integration goals point of view we may see the year 2001 as a continuation of permanent effort to sustain political stability, legislation or economics reform, or reform of relations with foreign partners. Without an analysis of the last year, without a look back we would loose an overview of larger or smaller successes, of errors and mistakes of uncovering our potential and reserves. Slovakia of 2002 is not only a piece of art of the year 2001 but also of previous years. It is a work of the purposeful integration policy of the President of the SR, members of the National Council of the SR, members of the Government of the SR, and administration in individual departments, which took part in realizing specific tasks connected to preparation of the Slovak Republic for the European Union membership. Hope from four years ago has changed into a common goal of the governmental coalition and the opposition; it is supported by more than 80 per cent of the Slovak public. Successful progress in accession negotiations with the European Union is an important progress; all 29 chapters covering the EU legislation have been opened and 22 of them are already preliminary closed; then there is the SR Constitution Amendment; start of the Public Administration reform; working market economy. But this is still just a part of a big building successful finish of which stays in continuity.

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Vystúpenie ministra zahraničných vecí SR Eduarda Kukana

Vystúpenie ministra zahraničných vecí SR Eduarda Kukana

Author(s): Eduard Kukan / Language(s): Slovak Publication Year: 0

I really appreciate the opportunity to make a speech at this already traditional annual conference organised with great care by the Slovak Institute for International Studies in co-operation with the Konrad Adenauer Foundation. I would like to express my respect to the experts present as well as the actors directly involved in foreign policy of our country. I realise that the topic of the conference has been somehow narrowed compared with last year. But the prospects of Slovakia's integration are still the highest priority of the Slovak foreign policy this year, which is without doubt going to be the crucial year for them to come true. A more detailed analysis of current situation and of the integration prospects themselves is of course expected from various presenters, the representatives of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Slovak Republic who are responsible for the integration of our country, similarly as from others, who are so-to-say our play mates in the process of integration. From my position of the person responsible for the practical implementation of our country's foreign policy and diplomacy, I would rather like to talk about the outer circumstances of implementation the integration priorities of the Slovak foreign policy than its characteristics or evaluation.

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Vystúpenie predsedu Národnej rady Slovenskej republiky Jozefa Migaša

Vystúpenie predsedu Národnej rady Slovenskej republiky Jozefa Migaša

Author(s): Jozef Migaš / Language(s): Slovak Publication Year: 0

I am glad to be here at our traditional meeting, which creates a platform for the Slovak politicians and experts for the regular evaluation of the Slovak foreign policy. The second year of the evaluation conference is truly a proper forum for such a purpose. Slovakia is a parliamentary republic, in which the parliament - the National Council of the Slovak Republic - actively takes part in foreign policy of the country, whether it happens through legislation or by building a new dimension of an active parliamentary diplomacy on a bilateral or a multilateral level. The evaluated year was a demanding and wearying period for the coalition, while it continued the fundamental economic and social transformation. Simultaneously, the coalition was under pressure of solving questions of unemployment, social problems of citizens, increase of prices; and what is more, it had to prove its capability to act effectively at the same time.

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Vystúpenie podpredsedu vlády Slovenskej republiky pre európsku integráciu Pavla Hamžíka

Vystúpenie podpredsedu vlády Slovenskej republiky pre európsku integráciu Pavla Hamžíka

Author(s): Pavol Hamžík / Language(s): Slovak Publication Year: 0

Looking back at our results achieved in foreign policy and particularly concerning our integration during the last year it is a pleasure for me to say that I am satisfied with the achieved results. Last year we showed our ability to negotiate and we gained valuable experiences, mainly from the accession process to the EU. Behind the achieved results there is the unambiguous and resolute integration politics of the Slovak Republic - president of SR, National Council of the Slovak Republic, Government of the SR and the great attempt of those, who at the Ministries and other institutions are responsible for the performance of tasks concerning our accession to the EU. The support of the population also shows the propriety of our integration politics, understanding that integration of Slovakia to the EU is a unique chance to ensure development of democracy, freedom and safety, and increase of living standards and social security for all of us. Our duty in the next year is to multiply our efforts in all fields, as the year 2001 will be the crucial one concerning Slovakia's integration to the EU. It is possible that the accession date of the first group of candidates is going to be set at the end of this year. We have to do our best in order to get Slovakia into this first group. If Slovakia were admitted to the EU later than its neighbours, it would hinder further economic development and the development of our foreign and home politics.

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Vystúpenie ministra zahraničných vecí Slovenskej republiky Eduarda Kukana

Vystúpenie ministra zahraničných vecí Slovenskej republiky Eduarda Kukana

Author(s): Eduard Kukan / Language(s): Slovak Publication Year: 0

I would like to start my presentation by summarizing the most important results of the Slovak foreign policy. I can state with pleasure that in 2000 the Slovak Republic continued in strengthening political stability and acted towards foreign partners as a legible and trustworthy partner. The government took measures for realization of strategic priorities of the foreign policy - achieving membership in the European Union, NATO and OECD soon. The political and economic steps of the Slovak government were received abroad as a persuasive activity proving the interest of the SR to integrate with the most developed states of the world. This brief, a little bit general evaluation can give us the basic picture of the Slovak foreign policy, which will be followed by a more detailed insight into its single achievements but also into its problems.

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Vystúpenie poslanca Františka Šebeja, predsedu Výboru Národnej rady Slovenskej republiky pre európsku integráciu

Vystúpenie poslanca Františka Šebeja, predsedu Výboru Národnej rady Slovenskej republiky pre európsku integráciu

Author(s): František Šebej / Language(s): Slovak Publication Year: 0

Peter Weiss has already emphasized the main features in which this conference differed from the one in the previous year. While the last year conference meant a breakthrough in the foreign policy of the Slovak Republic, this conference tries to deal with the progress of our aims more soberly. Compared with the year 1999, I see the events in the foreign policy of the Slovak Republic in 2000 as dramatic.

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Európska integrácia a Slovensko

Európska integrácia a Slovensko

Author(s): Kamil Sládek / Language(s): Slovak Publication Year: 0

The Centre for European Policy is engaged in informing and discussing with the public integration of Slovakia to the European Union and North Atlantic Alliance - thus the focus of our activity is a public education. In 2000 we organised 132 events: seminars, lectures, discussions and conferences for more than 6000 participants. Soldiers of the Army of the Slovak Republic, university students and secondary school students participated in majority of meetings. In the framework of a cross-border co-operation we co-operated with representatives of municipalities, state administration and non-governmental organisations from the Slovak-Hungarian and Slovak-Austrian border. We also addressed the general public during the whole year via regular dialogues with well-known personalities in the TV series "Slovakia and Europe" on channel STV 2.

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Treba li BiH jedan vrhovni sud?

Treba li BiH jedan vrhovni sud?

Author(s): Edin Šarčević / Language(s): Bosnian Publication Year: 0

Pitanje iz naslova bi se u svakoj evropskoj državi shvatilo kao lakrdijaška pravna dosjetka. U Bosni ono ne stvara reflekse osmijeha; pitanje je ozbiljno i prate ga dramatična upozorenja. Tema je unekoliko izlizana političkim parolama i medijskim eskponiranjem političkih pozicija. No, stručni krugovi (sudije, tužioci, advokati i državni službenici) i akademska zajednica (saradnici univerzitetskih insitucija i naučno-istraživačkih instituta) imaju jasno artikulirine stavove o ovom pitanju. Oni nisu apodiktičke prirode, nego počivaju na analizi pravnog ustrojstva BiH i iznalaze argumente u uporednom pravu, jursidikciji Ustavnog suda BiH i u pozitivnom ustavnom pravu.

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